CN114214469A - Natural grain-throwing coating process for high-grade Napa elastic leather - Google Patents
Natural grain-throwing coating process for high-grade Napa elastic leather Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
- C14B1/00—Manufacture of leather; Machines or devices therefor
- C14B1/26—Leather tensioning or stretching frames; Stretching-machines; Setting-out boards; Pasting boards
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D201/00—Coating compositions based on unspecified macromolecular compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
- C14B1/00—Manufacture of leather; Machines or devices therefor
- C14B1/40—Softening or making skins or leather supple, e.g. by staking, boarding, or crippling machines, by dry mills
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
- C14B1/00—Manufacture of leather; Machines or devices therefor
- C14B1/44—Mechanical treatment of leather surfaces
- C14B1/54—Ironing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
- C14B1/00—Manufacture of leather; Machines or devices therefor
- C14B1/58—Drying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C9/00—Impregnating leather for preserving, waterproofing, making resistant to heat or similar purposes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
- Y02P70/62—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of leather processing, and particularly relates to a natural grain-throwing coating process for high-grade Napa elastic leather, which comprises the following steps: fixing a toggling plate, sealing wax, standing, spraying grain paste for one time, ironing for one time, spraying grain paste for two times, ironing for two times, cold-throwing, color-correcting, spraying a hand feeling agent, and ironing for three times. By the primary coating wax sealing technology, the problems of environmental pollution and inconvenient operation of a solvent type primer are solved, a natural sealing layer is created for the surface of the leather blank and is used as the connection between the elastic leather blank and the pattern throwing pulp layer, and the natural wax feeling of the leather blank is obviously improved; through the floating grain technology, the grade utilization rate of the elastic leather blank is greatly improved, and the coating grain falling style is changed from uncontrollable to the coating style with extremely high controllability. The two technologies are combined, so that the problems of low grade utilization rate, poor style attractiveness and environmental pollution of the elastic leather are effectively solved, the coating idea of the elastic leather is diffused, and the application value of the product is further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of leather processing, and particularly relates to a natural grain-throwing coating process for high-grade Napa elastic leather.
Background
The production of elastic leather has wide market and is popular with domestic and foreign consumers due to the characteristic of high elasticity of the body, but the coating technology is also limited by the characteristic of high elongation rate, so that the style of the product is monotonous, the product cannot be qualitatively superior and the finished product with good appearance is made, the leather industry has the body characteristic, and the difficulty that the coated product cannot be made is caused. The problems faced are: firstly, the elongation of an elastic leather blank is large, and the problem of stretching and leaking is often caused by the conventional coating technology; secondly, when the conventional grain-throwing coating is carried out, the control difficulty of cracking grains is always high, and the coating pricks hands when touched, so that the style and the hand feeling are not good; the physical properties do not reach the standard, and the dry and wet wiping performance, the formaldehyde content and the like of the finished product are difficult to treat; and fourthly, due to the problem of the grade of the leather blank, the utilization rate is low, and poor leather can not be utilized to make a good style, so that the sorting rate is low, and the cost of the elastic leather is high. These factors directly affect the quality and stability of the elastic leather production process. Therefore, the research and application of the natural grain-throwing coating technology of the high-grade Nappa elastic leather are always difficult, and a standing challenge is urgently needed. Once the problem is solved, great economic benefit and environmental benefit can be created.
At present, the research and development thinking aiming at the Nappa elastic leather coating product in the industry has the following main technical means:
sorting color blanks before coating, and coating conventional resin on the blanks with high grade to improve the physical properties of finished products; and (4) performing face shaving treatment and NUBUCK finishing treatment on the low-grade leather to cover the defect problem of the leather embryo.
Secondly, recoating, namely increasing the consumption of resin and pigment paste in a coating system, even adding a repairing paste, and achieving the purpose of no residue on the surface of a finished product by using a thicker coating layer and the covering effect of the pigment paste.
The prior art has the following defects:
the method is excessively dependent on sorting, which consumes labor and time and causes low sorting rate of the peels and embryos suitable for making high-grade products; the leather with poor grade is finished into NUBUCK leather, so that the value of the product is reduced, the load is caused to the environment, and the grade utilization rate of the product cannot be fundamentally improved;
secondly, the style and the hand feeling of the product are sacrificed at the expense of recoating, the production cost is increased by excessive application of pigment paste, mending paste and resin, but the manufactured elastic leather is low-grade, and the product has no competitiveness.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a natural grain-throwing coating process for high-grade Napa elastic leather, which comprises the following steps:
1) fixing a toggling plate: placing the leather blank on a horizontal plate stretching machine with the grain surface facing upwards, rotating for 2 circles each for 6min when the whole leather blank is required to be stretched flat without wrinkles and the clamping distance is 3 cm, and then taking down;
2) wax sealing: uniformly spraying the bottom sealing slurry on the leather blank treated in the step 1) by using a slurry spraying machine, spraying twice and drying;
3) standing: standing the leather blank treated in the step 2) for 2 hours;
4) spraying and throwing grain pulp for one time: uniformly spraying the grain throwing slurry on the leather blank treated in the step 3) by using a slurry spraying machine, spraying twice and drying;
5) ironing for one time: putting the leather blank processed in the step 4) on a conveying belt of an ironing machine with the right side upward, and flatly ironing by the ironing machine;
6) secondary spraying and throwing grain pulp: uniformly spraying the grain throwing slurry on the leather blank treated in the step 5) by using a slurry spraying machine, spraying once, and drying;
7) secondary ironing: putting the leather blank processed in the step 6) on a conveying belt of an ironing machine with the right side upward, and flatly ironing by the ironing machine;
8) and (3) cold falling: putting the leather blank treated in the step 7) into a milling rotary drum, milling for 2 hours, taking out, and removing dust on the leather surface;
9) color correction: uniformly spraying a coloring agent on the leather blank treated in the step 8) by using a pulp sprayer, and drying;
10) spraying a hand feeling agent: uniformly spraying the hand feeling agent on the leather blank treated in the step 9) by a pulp sprayer,
drying;
11) ironing for three times: putting the leather blank processed in the step 10) with the right side facing upwards on a conveying belt of an ironing machine, flatly ironing by the ironing machine, and finally obtaining a finished product.
Preferably, the back sealing slurry in the step 2) is a mixture of a cationic wax agent, water and an aqueous hand feeling agent, and the mass ratio of the cationic wax agent to the water to the aqueous hand feeling agent is 100:100: 10;
the spraying process comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that a shotcrete machine is adjusted, only spray guns with odd or even number positions are opened, 1 spray gun is not opened at intervals, 4 spray guns are opened in total, the number of grids of each spray gun is adjusted to be 14 grids, the pressure of each spray gun is adjusted to be 1.0bar, bottom sealing slurry is sprayed once, then drying is carried out, the bottom sealing slurry is sprayed once again and then drying is carried out, 207 g of the bottom sealing slurry is consumed by each piece of leather embryo, generally, 8 spray guns are arranged in total in a common shotcrete machine, the larger the grid number and the pressure are, the larger the spraying amount of the spray guns is, the process parameter setting has the advantages that only 4 spray guns are opened, the large spraying amount is sprayed, the uniformity of the sprayed slurry is guaranteed, the relation between the spraying amount and the spraying times is reasonably controlled, and the cost reduction and efficiency improvement are achieved.
Preferably, the grain-throwing pulp in the step 4) is a mixture of cracked resin, black casein, synthetic casein, cationic wax agent, aqueous hand feeling agent A, water and aqueous hand feeling agent B, and the mass ratio of the cracked resin, the black casein, the synthetic casein, the cationic wax agent, the aqueous hand feeling agent A, the water and the aqueous hand feeling agent B is 300:200:100:50:10:500: 10;
the spraying process comprises the following steps: the method has the advantages that 8 spray guns work simultaneously, spraying is carried out with small spraying amount, coating uniformity and light and thin feeling are pursued, and color depth and grain size of the falling grains are effectively controlled through reasonable spraying amount.
Preferably, the ironing temperature of the ironing machine in the step 5) is 100 ℃, the pressure is 20 kilograms per square centimeter, the moving speed of the leather blank is 7 meters per minute, before the ironing machine irones, the track of the ironing machine needs to be subjected to antistatic pretreatment, namely, a mixture of an antistatic agent and water is sprayed, and the mass ratio of the antistatic agent to the water is 10: 100.
Preferably, the dyeing agent in the step 9) is a mixture of water, isopropanol solution and dye water, and the mass ratio of the water, the isopropanol solution and the dye water is 100:100: 0.5-5.
Preferably, the hand feeling agent in the step 10) is a mixture of water, water-based varnish and water-based hand feeling agent, the mass ratio of the water to the water-based varnish to the water-based hand feeling agent is 100:30:5, and 15 g of hand feeling agent is consumed in one single-pass pulp spraying of each piece of the leather blank.
Preferably, the ironing temperature of the ironing machine in the step 11) is 90 ℃, the pressure is 10 kilograms per square centimeter, and the moving speed of the skin blank is 7 meters per minute.
The invention also comprises other components which can enable the natural grain-throwing coating process of the high-grade Napa elastic leather to be normally used, and the components are conventional technical means in the field. In addition, the undefined devices or components of the present invention are all those conventionally used in the art.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the leather product is safe and environment-friendly, the coating process route is green and environment-friendly, various physical and chemical properties of the product are effectively improved through tests and detection, the formaldehyde content meets the international standard requirement and reaches below 16ppm, and the leather product which is safe and reliable to wear is provided for consumers.
2) The extensibility is good, and after being coated, the product keeps high resilience, so the application space is wide, and the product can be used as a raw material of various elastic clothes.
3) The product has the characteristics of thinness, lightness and softness, has excellent hand feeling when used as clothes, natural and beautiful finishing style, and has light and comfortable wearing and strong breathing performance.
4) The grade utilization rate is high, the problem of leather surface disability is effectively solved, and the grade of the finished elastic leather are greatly improved by coating the leather blank with the original leather surface with low grade through the project technology.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described more clearly with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are included to illustrate and not to limit the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Examples
As shown in figure 1, the invention provides a natural grain-throwing coating process for high-grade Napa elastic leather, which comprises the following steps:
1) fixing a toggling plate: placing the leather blank on a horizontal plate stretching machine with the grain surface facing upwards, rotating for 2 circles each for 6min when the whole leather blank is required to be stretched flat without wrinkles and the clamping distance is 3 cm, and then taking down;
2) wax sealing: uniformly spraying the bottom sealing slurry on the leather blank treated in the step 1) by using a slurry spraying machine, spraying twice and drying;
3) standing: standing the leather blank treated in the step 2) for 2 hours;
4) spraying and throwing grain pulp for one time: uniformly spraying the grain throwing slurry on the leather blank treated in the step 3) by using a slurry spraying machine, spraying twice and drying;
5) ironing for one time: putting the leather blank processed in the step 4) on a conveying belt of an ironing machine with the right side upward, and flatly ironing by the ironing machine;
6) secondary spraying and throwing grain pulp: uniformly spraying the grain throwing slurry on the leather blank treated in the step 5) by using a slurry spraying machine, spraying once, and drying;
7) secondary ironing: putting the leather blank processed in the step 6) on a conveying belt of an ironing machine with the right side upward, and flatly ironing by the ironing machine;
8) and (3) cold falling: putting the leather blank treated in the step 7) into a milling rotary drum, milling for 2 hours, taking out, and removing dust on the leather surface;
9) color correction: uniformly spraying a coloring agent on the leather blank treated in the step 8) by using a pulp sprayer, and drying;
10) spraying a hand feeling agent: uniformly spraying the hand feeling agent on the leather blank treated in the step 9) by a pulp sprayer,
drying;
11) ironing for three times: putting the leather blank processed in the step 10) with the right side facing upwards on a conveying belt of an ironing machine, flatly ironing by the ironing machine, and finally obtaining a finished product.
The bottom sealing slurry in the step 2) is a mixture of a cationic wax agent, water and an aqueous hand feeling agent, and the mass ratio of the cationic wax agent to the water to the aqueous hand feeling agent is 100:100:10, wherein the cationic wax agent is a cationic wax agent with the product model of AA-4554 produced by Piercal chemical company, and the aqueous hand feeling agent is an aqueous hand feeling agent with the product model of AT-7610 produced by Piercal chemical company;
the spraying process comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that a shotcrete machine is adjusted, only spray guns with odd or even number positions are opened, 1 spray gun is not opened at intervals, 4 spray guns are opened in total, the number of grids of each spray gun is adjusted to be 14 grids, the pressure of each spray gun is adjusted to be 1.0bar, bottom sealing slurry is sprayed once, then drying is carried out, the bottom sealing slurry is sprayed once again and then drying is carried out, 207 g of the bottom sealing slurry is consumed by each piece of leather embryo, generally, 8 spray guns are arranged in total in a common shotcrete machine, the larger the grid number and the pressure are, the larger the spraying amount of the spray guns is, the process parameter setting has the advantages that only 4 spray guns are opened, the large spraying amount is sprayed, the uniformity of the sprayed slurry is guaranteed, the relation between the spraying amount and the spraying times is reasonably controlled, and the cost reduction and efficiency improvement are achieved.
In the step 4), the grain-breaking pulp is a mixture of cracking resin, black casein, synthetic casein, a cationic wax agent, an aqueous hand feeling agent A, water and an aqueous hand feeling agent B, the mass ratio of the cracking resin, the black casein, the synthetic casein, the cationic wax agent, the aqueous hand feeling agent A, the water and the aqueous hand feeling agent B is 300:200:100:50:10:500:10, wherein the cracking resin is the cracking resin with the model of BR-0880 produced by Pickle chemical company, the black casein is the black casein with the model of LP-4025 of BR-0880 produced by Pickle chemical company, the synthetic casein is the synthetic casein with the model of LP-4003 produced by Pickle chemical company, the cationic wax agent is the cationic agent with the model of AA-4554 produced by Pickle chemical company, the aqueous hand feeling agent A is the aqueous hand feeling agent with the model of AT-7614 produced by Pickle chemical company, the water-based hand feeling agent B adopts a water-based hand feeling agent with the product model of W-1 produced by Spanish Quimser company;
the spraying process comprises the following steps: the method has the advantages that 8 spray guns work simultaneously, spraying is carried out with small spraying amount, coating uniformity and light and thin feeling are pursued, and color depth and grain size of the falling grains are effectively controlled through reasonable spraying amount.
In the step 5), the ironing temperature of the ironing machine is 100 ℃, the pressure is 20 kg/square centimeter, the moving speed of the leather blank is 7 m/min, before the ironing of the ironing machine, the crawler of the ironing machine needs to be subjected to antistatic pretreatment, namely, a mixture of an antistatic agent and water is sprayed, and the mass ratio of the antistatic agent to the water is 10: 100.
The dyeing agent in the step 9) is a mixture of water, isopropanol solution and dye water, and the mass ratio of the water, the isopropanol solution and the dye water is 100:100: 5.
In the step 10), the hand feeling agent is a mixture of water, water-based gloss oil and water-based hand feeling agent, the mass ratio of the water to the water-based gloss oil to the water-based hand feeling agent is 100:30:5, 15 g of hand feeling agent is consumed by one-time pulp spraying of each piece of leather blank, wherein the water-based gloss oil is water-based gloss oil with the product model of LA-6016 produced by Piercal chemical company, and the water-based hand feeling agent is water-based hand feeling agent with the product model of AT-7610 produced by the Piercal chemical company.
The ironing temperature of the ironing machine in the step 11) is 90 ℃, the pressure is 10 kg/square centimeter, and the moving speed of the skin blank is 7 m/min.
Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the illustrated embodiments.
Claims (7)
1. A natural grain-throwing coating process for high-grade Napa elastic leather is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) fixing a toggling plate: placing the leather blank on a horizontal plate stretching machine with the grain surface facing upwards, rotating for 2 circles each for 6min when the whole leather blank is required to be stretched flat without wrinkles and the clamping distance is 3 cm, and then taking down;
2) wax sealing: uniformly spraying the bottom sealing slurry on the leather blank treated in the step 1) by using a slurry spraying machine, spraying twice and drying;
3) standing: standing the leather blank treated in the step 2) for 2 hours;
4) spraying and throwing grain pulp for one time: uniformly spraying the grain throwing slurry on the leather blank treated in the step 3) by using a slurry spraying machine, spraying twice and drying;
5) ironing for one time: putting the leather blank processed in the step 4) on a conveying belt of an ironing machine with the right side upward, and flatly ironing by the ironing machine;
6) secondary spraying and throwing grain pulp: uniformly spraying the grain throwing slurry on the leather blank treated in the step 5) by using a slurry spraying machine, spraying once, and drying;
7) secondary ironing: putting the leather blank processed in the step 6) on a conveying belt of an ironing machine with the right side upward, and flatly ironing by the ironing machine;
8) and (3) cold falling: putting the leather blank treated in the step 7) into a milling rotary drum, milling for 2 hours, taking out, and removing dust on the leather surface;
9) color correction: uniformly spraying a coloring agent on the leather blank treated in the step 8) by using a pulp sprayer, and drying;
10) spraying a hand feeling agent: uniformly spraying the hand feeling agent on the leather blank treated in the step 9) by using a pulp sprayer, and drying;
11) ironing for three times: putting the leather blank processed in the step 10) with the right side facing upwards on a conveying belt of an ironing machine, flatly ironing by the ironing machine, and finally obtaining a finished product.
2. The natural grain-throwing coating process for the high-grade Napa elastic leather according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the bottom sealing slurry in the step 2) is a mixture of a cationic wax agent, water and an aqueous hand feeling agent, and the mass ratio of the cationic wax agent to the water to the aqueous hand feeling agent is 100:100: 10;
the spraying process comprises the following steps: and adjusting the shotcrete machine, only opening the spray guns with odd or even number positions at intervals of 1 spray gun, opening 4 spray guns, adjusting the number of the spray guns to be 14, adjusting the pressure of each spray gun to be 1.0bar, spraying the bottom sealing pulp once, drying, spraying the bottom sealing pulp once again, and drying again, wherein 207 g of the bottom sealing pulp is consumed by each leather embryo.
3. The natural grain-throwing coating process for the high-grade Napa elastic leather according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the grain-throwing slurry in the step 4) is a mixture of cracking resin, black casein, synthetic casein, a cationic wax agent, an aqueous hand feeling agent A, water and an aqueous hand feeling agent B, and the mass ratio of the cracking resin, the black casein, the synthetic casein, the cationic wax agent, the aqueous hand feeling agent A, the water and the aqueous hand feeling agent B is 300:200:100:50:10:500: 10;
the spraying process comprises the following steps: and adjusting a pulp spraying machine, opening 8 spray guns, adjusting the lattice number of each spray gun to be 6, adjusting the pressure of each spray gun to be 1.0bar, spraying the grain-breaking pulp once, drying, spraying the grain-breaking pulp once again, and drying again, wherein 40 g of the grain-breaking pulp is consumed in single-time pulp spraying of each leather blank.
4. The natural grain-throwing coating process for the high-grade Napa elastic leather according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the ironing temperature of the ironing machine in the step 5) is 100 ℃, the pressure is 20 kg/square centimeter, and the moving speed of the skin blank is 7 m/min.
5. The natural grain-throwing coating process for the high-grade Napa elastic leather according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the dyeing agent in the step 9) is a mixture of water, isopropanol solution and dye water, and the mass ratio of the water, the isopropanol solution and the dye water is 100:100: 0.5-5.
6. The natural grain-throwing coating process for the high-grade Napa elastic leather according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step 10), the hand feeling agent is a mixture of water, water-based varnish and water-based hand feeling agent, the mass ratio of the water to the water-based varnish to the water-based hand feeling agent is 100:30:5, and 15 g of hand feeling agent is consumed by spraying each piece of leather embryo once.
7. The natural grain-throwing coating process for the high-grade Napa elastic leather according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the ironing temperature of the ironing machine in the step 11) is 90 ℃, the pressure is 10 kg/square centimeter, and the moving speed of the skin blank is 7 m/min.
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| CN210506397U (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2020-05-12 | 焦作隆丰皮草企业有限公司 | Leather pulp shooting machine for improving illumination-resistant grade of leather in processing process |
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| US2003778A (en) * | 1932-11-10 | 1935-06-04 | John Waldron Corp | Spray coating machine |
| GB1282171A (en) * | 1969-06-23 | 1972-07-19 | Tac Construction Materials Ltd | Improvements in the manufacture of resinated felts |
| CN102586497A (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2012-07-18 | 兴业皮革科技股份有限公司 | Process for producing leather |
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| CN114214469B (en) | 2023-04-18 |
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