CN114213673B - Preparation method of polypyrrole-modified bovine serum albumin, protein conductive hydrogel and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Preparation method of polypyrrole-modified bovine serum albumin, protein conductive hydrogel and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN114213673B
CN114213673B CN202111593960.XA CN202111593960A CN114213673B CN 114213673 B CN114213673 B CN 114213673B CN 202111593960 A CN202111593960 A CN 202111593960A CN 114213673 B CN114213673 B CN 114213673B
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bovine serum
serum albumin
polypyrrole
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hydrogel
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CN114213673A (en
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许建雄
张昱彤
郭子玉
谭海湖
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Hunan University of Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of polypyrrole-modified bovine serum albumin, which comprises the following steps: s1, taking bovine serum albumin as a raw material, and carrying out amidation reaction on an alkenyl reagent and active amino on bovine serum albumin molecules to obtain alkenyl bovine serum albumin; s2, preparing the polypyrrole-modified bovine serum albumin through free radical polymerization reaction of the alkenyl bovine serum albumin and a pyrrole monomer. The polypyrrole-modified bovine serum albumin can enable the bovine serum albumin to form metal complexation with metal ions through nitrogen atoms on polypyrrole molecules, so that a first physical crosslinking network in the double-network hydrogel is formed, and the obtained protein conductive hydrogel has excellent mechanical property, good restorability, conductivity and strain sensitivity and also has good biocompatibility by matching with a second network formed by copolymerization of acrylic acid and acrylamide monomers.

Description

Preparation method of polypyrrole-modified bovine serum albumin, protein conductive hydrogel and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high polymer materials, and in particular relates to a preparation method of polypyrrole-modified bovine serum albumin, a protein conductive hydrogel, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The hydrogel is a novel high-molecular polymer material with a three-dimensional structure, and a cross-linked network of the hydrogel has hydrophilicity, so that a large proportion of water can be absorbed and kept in a water environment and is swelled without dissolving; meanwhile, the hydrogel has good flexibility and biocompatibility, so that the hydrogel has wide application prospects in the fields of biosensors, regenerative medicine, actuators, soft robots, tissue engineering, drug and gene delivery, wound dressings and the like. In flexible wearable electronic device applications, the flexible sensor not only needs good biocompatibility, but also has excellent mechanical properties, rapid recovery and excellent electrical conductivity so that it can be used for a long time. At present, protein-based hydrogels are particularly concerned by researchers due to designable and adjustable biochemical and mechanical properties and good biocompatibility, however, the synthesized protein hydrogels are often poor in mechanical strength, far exceeding the requirements in the fields of tissue engineering, biosensors, wound dressings and the like. For example, the chinese patent application CN 110272523A discloses a method for introducing casein into polyacrylamide hydrogel, wherein the negatively charged casein micelles on the surface thereof destroy the spatial stability after metal ions are added, and allow the negatively charged casein micelles to aggregate to form a protein cross-linked network, which shows good adhesion and conductivity, but has poor mechanical properties and tensile stress only reaching 168kPa. Such hydrogels with poor mechanical properties and without recovery properties are far from meeting the current needs for their application in the field of flexible sensors.
Therefore, finding a smart and special method to introduce proteins into hydrogel systems to impart excellent mechanical strength and rapid self-recovery capability to hydrogels remains a huge challenge faced by current protein hydrogels.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of polypyrrole-modified bovine serum albumin, the polypyrrole-modified bovine serum albumin can be prepared by the method, and the polypyrrole-modified bovine serum albumin can enable the bovine serum albumin to form metal complexation with metal ions through nitrogen atoms on polypyrrole molecules, so that a first physical crosslinking network in the double-network hydrogel is formed.
In order to achieve the aim, the preparation method of the polypyrrole-modified bovine serum albumin comprises the following steps:
s1, taking bovine serum albumin as a raw material, and carrying out amidation reaction on an alkenyl reagent and an active amino group on a bovine serum albumin molecule to obtain the alkenyl bovine serum albumin;
s2, preparing the polypyrrole modified bovine serum albumin by the free radical polymerization reaction of the alkenyl bovine serum albumin obtained in the step S1 and a pyrrole monomer.
Preferably, in step S1, bovine serum albumin is dissolved in CO 3 2- /HCO 3 - And dripping an alkenylation reagent after the buffer solution is subjected to dialysis and freeze-drying to obtain the alkenylated bovine serum albumin.
Preferably, the alkenyl bovine serum albumin is dissolved in a PBS buffer solution, then the pyrrole monomer is added dropwise, then the initiator is added, and after dialysis and freeze-drying, the polypyrrole-modified bovine serum albumin is obtained.
Preferably, the alkenylation reagent is selected from any one of methacrylic anhydride, methacryloyl chloride and glycidyl methacrylate.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a preparation method of the protein conductive hydrogel, which comprises the following steps:
preparing the double-network hydrogel, wherein the polypyrrole-modified bovine serum albumin prepared by the preparation method of the polypyrrole-modified bovine serum albumin is used as a first network.
Preferably, a copolymer of acrylic acid and acrylamide monomers is used as the second network.
According to the preparation method of the protein conductive hydrogel, bovine serum albumin for modifying polypyrrole is used as a first network, and then the bovine serum albumin, acrylic acid with carboxyl groups and an acrylamide monomer are copolymerized to form a second network, so that the protein conductive hydrogel with high toughness, rapid recovery and high sensitivity is prepared. Specifically, a first network is constructed by utilizing the complexation of pyrrole nitrogen and metal ions in a polypyrrole-modified bovine serum albumin molecule, and simultaneously, because a large amount of carboxyl groups of a second network can act with a metal ion solution, the interaction of the two networks is enhanced, the mechanical strength of the protein hydrogel is greatly improved, and the hydrogel is endowed with good self-recovery performance and excellent conductivity. It should be noted that if only acrylamide is used as the second network monomer, the double-network hydrogel will swell when soaked in the metal ion solution, and the mechanical properties of the soaked hydrogel are very poor. If only acrylic acid monomer is used as the second network monomer, bovine serum albumin molecules may be denatured due to the excessive acidity of the solution. Therefore, the copolymer of acrylic acid and acrylamide monomer is used as the second network, so that not only bovine serum albumin molecules are not denatured, but also hydrogel is not swelled in the soaking process.
Preferably, fully mixing polypyrrole-modified bovine serum albumin, acrylic acid, acrylamide monomer, thermal initiator, sodium hydroxide and deionized water to form a hydrogel precursor, and then thermally initiating monomer polymerization to form composite hydrogel; and soaking the composite hydrogel in a metal ion solution to obtain the protein conductive hydrogel.
Preferably, firstly, dissolving sodium hydroxide in deionized water, adding acrylic acid, and stirring to fully react; then adding the bovine serum albumin modified by the polypyrrole, fully stirring, then sequentially adding an acrylamide monomer and a thermal initiator, and finally carrying out thermal initiation free radical polymerization to form the composite hydrogel.
Preferably, the metal ion solution is at least one selected from iron ion solution, aluminum ion solution, calcium ion solution, silver ion solution and sodium ion solution. Further, the iron ion solution is selected from a ferric ion solution.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a protein conductive hydrogel prepared by the preparation method.
The invention also provides application of the protein conductive hydrogel in monitoring human body movement or physiological signals.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) In the preparation method of the polypyrrole-modified bovine serum albumin, polypyrrole is a conductive polymer, and the nitrogen atom on the pyrrole has lone pair electrons, so that the modified polypyrrole can improve the conductivity of the polymer on one hand, and meanwhile, the bovine serum albumin can form metal complexation with metal ions through the nitrogen atom on the polypyrrole molecule, thereby forming a first physical crosslinking network in the double-network hydrogel.
(2) In the preparation method of the protein conductive hydrogel, bovine serum albumin for modifying polypyrrole is used as a first network, and a copolymer of acrylic acid with carboxyl groups and an acrylamide monomer is used as a second network, so that the high-toughness and quick-recovery protein conductive hydrogel is prepared. The first network is constructed by utilizing the metal complexing action of pyrrole nitrogen and ferric ions in polypyrrole-modified bovine serum albumin molecules, and meanwhile, because a large amount of carboxyl groups of the second network can form the metal complexing action with the ferric ions, the interaction of the two networks is enhanced, and the mechanical strength of the protein hydrogel is also greatly improved. The obtained protein conductive hydrogel has excellent mechanical property, good recovery, conductivity and strain sensitivity, and also has good biocompatibility.
(3) The invention adopts a double-physical crosslinking mode to prepare the protein conductive hydrogel with high toughness, quick recovery and high sensitivity, solves the problem of poor mechanical property of the prior protein hydrogel, has excellent recovery property due to the reversibility of the physical crosslinking mode, and has good biocompatibility, conductivity and strain sensitivity.
(4) The protein conductive hydrogel has excellent strain sensitivity, the resistance change signal of the hydrogel can generate a regular and stable signal along with the strain of the hydrogel, the protein conductive hydrogel can be used for monitoring human body movement and physiological signals of a human body, and the protein conductive hydrogel has wide application prospects in the aspects of flexible wearable equipment, flexible robots, intelligent artificial skin and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the preparation of the alkenylated, polypyrrole-modified, and bovine serum albumin of example 1 1 H NMR, wherein A represents bovine serum albumin, B represents alkenylated bovine serum albumin, and C represents polypyrrole-modified bovine serum albuminWhite.
FIG. 2 is a drawing of the conductive hydrogel of protein in example 1 under the action of external force.
FIG. 3 shows the conductivity of the composite hydrogel and the protein-conductive hydrogel in example 1.
FIG. 4 is a graph (a) showing the recovery curve and the recovery rate of the protein conductive hydrogel in example 1.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the changes in resistance of the protein-conductive hydrogel sensor prepared in example 1 in real time monitoring the joint motion of the finger (a) and the wrist (b).
Detailed Description
The following examples are presented to further illustrate the practice of the invention, but the practice and protection of the invention is not limited thereto. It is noted that the processes described below, if not specifically detailed, are all those that can be realized or understood by those skilled in the art with reference to the prior art. The reagents or apparatus used are not indicated to the manufacturer, and are considered to be conventional products available by commercial purchase.
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
Example 1
A preparation method of a protein conductive hydrogel comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of polypyrrole-modified bovine serum albumin
Weighing 10g bovine serum albumin solution in 100mL (0.25 mol/L, pH = 9) of CO 3 2- /HCO 3 - In the buffer solution, fully magnetically stirring under the ice bath condition to form a uniform solution; then, dropwise adding 2mL of methacrylic anhydride into the flask, continuously stirring and reacting for 1h under the ice bath condition, dialyzing the obtained solution with molecular water for 48h, and then freeze-drying to obtain the alkenyl bovine serum albumin;
weighing 2g of alkenylated bovine serum albumin, dissolving the alkenylated bovine serum albumin in 100mL (0.2 mol/L, pH = 7.4) of PBS buffer solution, stirring fully and completely, adding 1.2mL of monomer pyrrole drop by drop, stirring for 2 hours at room temperature, slowly adding 0.4g of initiator ammonium persulfate into the mixed solution, continuing stirring for 24 hours, dialyzing for 72 hours by using molecular water after the reaction is finished, and freeze-drying to obtain polypyrrole-modified bovine serum albumin.
(2) Preparing a composite hydrogel:
weighing 0.0724g of sodium hydroxide, dissolving in 3mL of molecular water, and stirring to completely dissolve; then 0.1304g of acrylic acid is weighed into the solution and continuously stirred to fully react; then 0.09g of bovine serum albumin modified by polypyrrole was weighed and added to the solution, and the solution was sufficiently dissolved by stirring and sonication. And then sequentially weighing 0.8696g of acrylamide and 0.01g of initiator ammonium persulfate, adding the weighed materials into the solution, fully stirring and ultrasonically removing bubbles, injecting the precursor solution into a glass mold by using an injector, and then initiating free radical polymerization in a thermal environment to form the composite hydrogel.
(3) Preparation of protein conductive hydrogel:
the composite hydrogel is soaked in 0.1mol/L ferric ion solution for 3 hours, polypyrrole-modified bovine serum albumin forms a first network through metal complexation of pyrrole nitrogen and ferric ions, interaction between the two networks is promoted through the metal complexation, so that the mechanical property of the hydrogel is enhanced, and the high-toughness, quick-recovery and high-sensitivity protein conductive hydrogel is obtained after soaking.
The alkenylated bovine serum albumin and polypyrrole-modified bovine serum albumin prepared in this example were subjected to nmr hydrogen spectroscopy, and also to a tensile curve, a cyclic tensile stress-strain recovery curve, and a conductivity test of the protein conductive hydrogel. The concrete description is as follows:
FIG. 1 shows Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA), the alkenylated bovine serum albumin (BSA-MA) prepared in example 1, and the polypyrrole-modified bovine serum albumin (BSA-MA-PPy) prepared 1 H NMR. By three substances 1 H NMR comparison revealed that the alkenylated bovine serum albumin 1 Two new peaks at 5.81ppm and 5.49ppm in the H NMR spectrum, corresponding to the vinyl conjugated proton (H) of methacrylamide a ) And (H) b ) It shows that methacrylic anhydride has been successfully reacted with amino groups in bovine serum albumin molecules to graft onto protein molecules. On polypyrrole-grafted bovine serum albumin 1 On the H NMR spectrum, the peaks at 5.81ppm and 5.49ppm disappeared, indicating that the double bond had undergone radical polymerization with the pyrrole monomer, indicating that polypyrrole had been grafted onto the bovine serum albumin molecule by reaction with the double bond.
FIG. 2 is a graph of tensile stress-strain of the protein conductive hydrogel prepared in example 1 under an external force. As shown in FIG. 2, the breaking stress of the prepared protein conductive hydrogel was 5.4MPa, and the breaking elongation was 570%.
FIG. 3 is a bar graph of the conductivity of the protein-conducting hydrogel and the composite hydrogel prepared in example 1. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the conductivity of the prepared protein conductive hydrogel is far higher than that of the composite hydrogel, and the conductivity reaches 0.99S/m.
Fig. 4 is a graph (a) showing the recovery curve and the recovery rate of the protein conductive hydrogel prepared in example 1. Therefore, as the rest time of the protein conductive hydrogel increases, the curve defined by the loading-unloading curve of the hydrogel gradually approaches to the initial curve, which indicates that the recovery condition of the hydrogel is better and better. After standing for 10min, the recovery rate of the maximum stress of the hydrogel reaches 99.25%, the recovery rate of dissipated energy reaches 97.43%, and the recovery rate of the elastic modulus reaches 98.16%.
Referring to fig. 5, a protein conductive hydrogel is attached to the skin and connected to an electrochemical workstation. When a finger (a) and a wrist (b) of a body act, the conductive hydrogel is deformed, so that the resistance of the hydrogel is increased; when the states of the body finger (a) and the wrist (b) return to the original states, the resistance values return to the original values correspondingly. By comparing the magnitude of the relative resistance changes, the movements of different joints can be distinguished.
Examples 2 to 6
Examples 2 to 6 provide a method for preparing a protein conductive hydrogel, which is substantially the same as example 1, but different from example 1 in the amount of polypyrrole-modified bovine serum albumin, specifically refer to table 1.
TABLE 1 test results for the amounts of different polypyrrole-modified bovine serum albumin
Test group Polypyrrole-modified bovine serum albumin Stress at break Elongation at break
Example 2 0 2.52MPa 640%
Example 3 0.03g 3.77MPa 632%
Example 4 0.06g 4.81MPa 604%
Example 1 0.09g 5.4MPa 570%
Example 5 0.12g 5.29MPa 504%
Example 6 0.15g 4.64MPa 380%
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, as the content of bovine serum albumin modified by polypyrrole increases from 0 to 0.09g, the breaking stress gradually increases, and the breaking elongation gradually decreases; by continuing to increase the amount of bovine serum albumin modified with polypyrrole to 0.15g, the breaking stress was reduced and the elongation at break was also reduced.
Examples 7 to 9
Examples 7 to 9 provide a method for preparing a protein-conductive hydrogel, which is substantially the same as in example 1, but differs from example 1 in the concentration of ferric ions, specifically referring to table 2.
TABLE 2 test results for different ferric ion concentrations
Test group Concentration of ferric ion Stress at break Elongation at break
Example 7 0.06mol/L 3.45MPa 650%
Example 8 0.08mol/L 4.57MPa 603%
Example 1 0.1mol/L 5.4MPa 570%
Example 9 0.12g mol/L 4.90MPa 500%
As can be seen from the data in Table 2, as the concentration of the soaked ferric ions increases from 0.06mol/L to 0.1mol/L, the breaking stress increases and the breaking elongation decreases; by continuously increasing the concentration of iron ions to 0.12mol/L, the breaking stress is reduced and the breaking elongation is also reduced.
Examples 10 to 13
Examples 10-13 provide methods for preparing electrically conductive protein hydrogels, substantially the same as example 1, but different from example 1 in the molar ratio of the second network monomer acrylic acid to acrylamide, see table 3.
TABLE 3 test results for different molar ratios of acrylic acid to acrylamide
Test group Molar ratio of acrylic acid to acrylamide Stress at break Elongation at break
Example 10 6% 2.61MPa 720%
Example 11 9% 3.66MPa 680%
Example 12 12% 4.38MPa 617%
Example 1 15% 5.4MPa 570%
Example 13 18% 4.87MPa 450%
As can be seen from the data in table 3, as the molar ratio of acrylic acid to acrylamide increases from 6% to 15%, the breaking stress gradually increases and the elongation at break gradually decreases; the molar ratio is increased further to 18%, the stress at break is reduced and the elongation at break is also reduced.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. A preparation method of polypyrrole-modified bovine serum albumin is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, taking bovine serum albumin as a raw material, and carrying out amidation reaction on an alkenyl reagent and active amino groups on bovine serum albumin molecules to obtain alkenyl bovine serum albumin;
s2, preparing polypyrrole-modified bovine serum albumin through free radical polymerization reaction of the alkenyl bovine serum albumin obtained in the step S1 and a pyrrole monomer;
the alkenyl reagent is selected from any one of methacrylic anhydride, methacryloyl chloride and glycidyl methacrylate.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S1, bovine serum albumin is dissolved in CO 3 2- /HCO 3 - And dripping an alkenylation reagent after the buffer solution is subjected to dialysis and freeze-drying to obtain the alkenylated bovine serum albumin.
3. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the bovine serum albumin modified with polypyrrole is obtained by dissolving the alkenylated bovine serum albumin in a PBS buffer solution, adding a pyrrole monomer dropwise, adding an initiator, dialyzing, and lyophilizing.
4. A method for producing a protein-conductive hydrogel, characterized in that polypyrrole-modified bovine serum albumin produced by the method for producing polypyrrole-modified bovine serum albumin according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is used as a first network; a copolymer of acrylic acid and acrylamide monomers is used as the second network.
5. The method for preparing the protein conductive hydrogel according to claim 4, wherein the polypyrrole-modified bovine serum albumin, acrylic acid, acrylamide monomer, thermal initiator, sodium hydroxide and deionized water are fully mixed to form a hydrogel precursor, and then the monomer is thermally initiated to polymerize to form the composite hydrogel;
and soaking the composite hydrogel in a metal ion solution to obtain the protein conductive hydrogel.
6. The method for preparing a protein-conductive hydrogel according to claim 5, wherein the metal ion solution is at least one selected from the group consisting of an iron ion solution, an aluminum ion solution, a calcium ion solution, a silver ion solution, and a sodium ion solution.
7. A protein-conductive hydrogel produced by the production method according to any one of claims 4 to 6.
8. Use of the protein-conducting hydrogel of claim 7 for monitoring human movement or physiological signals.
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