CN114210717B - Method for recycling aged garbage - Google Patents

Method for recycling aged garbage Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114210717B
CN114210717B CN202111346817.0A CN202111346817A CN114210717B CN 114210717 B CN114210717 B CN 114210717B CN 202111346817 A CN202111346817 A CN 202111346817A CN 114210717 B CN114210717 B CN 114210717B
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plastic film
plastic
garbage
remove
film material
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CN114210717A (en
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巨锋
巨李冲
巨博奥
巨利霞
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
    • B09B5/00Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/0026Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics by agglomeration or compacting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02Separating plastics from other materials
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B2017/001Pretreating the materials before recovery
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02Separating plastics from other materials
    • B29B2017/0213Specific separating techniques
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02Separating plastics from other materials
    • B29B2017/0213Specific separating techniques
    • B29B2017/0217Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor
    • B29B2017/0237Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor using density difference
    • B29B2017/0241Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor using density difference in gas, e.g. air flow
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02Separating plastics from other materials
    • B29B2017/0213Specific separating techniques
    • B29B2017/0268Separation of metals
    • B29B2017/0272Magnetic separation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/52Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Abstract

The invention discloses a recycling treatment method of aged garbage, which comprises the following steps: pretreating old garbage to remove large-size matters, iron matters and humus soil, thereby obtaining a mixed material; winnowing the mixed material to obtain plastic film materials, sundries and building materials with sequentially increasing mass; carrying out friction dry cleaning on the plastic film material to remove water and humus soil; crushing the plastic film material; carrying out negative pressure winnowing on the plastic film material to remove glue heavy objects; drying the plastic film material; friction dry cleaning is carried out on the plastic film materials again so as to remove humus soil and dust; carrying out magnetic separation on the plastic film material to remove iron; and melting the plastic film material and then carrying out polymerization modification to obtain the polymerized plastic. The method for recycling the aged garbage realizes recycling treatment on the aged garbage.

Description

Method for recycling aged garbage
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of garbage treatment, in particular to a recycling treatment method for aged garbage.
Background
The garbage in many areas is treated by adopting a landfill method, the garbage treatment method is advanced, and the landfill method is harmful to the environment, so that garbage in the landfill site can be selected to be treated again after being excavated in many areas.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent.
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a recycling treatment method for aged garbage, which is used for sorting and classifying aged garbage and treating plastic film materials to obtain polymerized plastics so as to realize recycling treatment.
The method for recycling aged garbage provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
pretreating old garbage to remove large-size matters, iron matters and humus soil, thereby obtaining a mixed material;
winnowing the mixed material to obtain plastic film materials, sundries and building materials with sequentially increasing mass;
carrying out friction dry cleaning on the plastic film material to remove water and humus soil;
crushing the plastic film material;
carrying out negative pressure winnowing on the plastic film material to remove glue heavy objects;
drying the plastic film material;
friction dry cleaning is carried out on the plastic film materials again so as to remove humus soil and dust;
carrying out magnetic separation on the plastic film material to remove iron;
and melting the plastic film material and then carrying out polymerization modification to obtain the polymerized plastic.
According to the recycling treatment method for the aged garbage, disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the aged garbage is pretreated, large-size objects, iron objects and humus soil are sorted and classified, the obtained mixed material is subjected to air separation, and the obtained plastic film material is subjected to a series of treatments and then subjected to polymerization modification, so that the polymerized plastic is obtained.
Therefore, the method for recycling the aged garbage can sort and classify the aged garbage, and can treat plastic film materials to obtain polymerized plastics, so that recycling treatment is realized.
In some embodiments, the method for recycling waste further comprises the steps of:
slicing and cooling the polymeric plastic;
crushing the polymerized plastic and grinding the crushed polymerized plastic to obtain mixed powder;
sieving the mixed powder to obtain large-particle plastics, velvet materials and plastic powder;
and grinding the large-particle materials again.
In some embodiments, the sieving the powder mix to obtain large particle plastic, velvet material and plastic powder comprises:
screening the mixed powder by using an airflow screen to obtain large-particle plastics, velvet materials and 30-80-mesh plastic powder;
when the airflow sieve is used for sieving the mixed powder, cyclone aggregate is carried out so as to obtain plastic powder with the particle size of more than 80 meshes.
In some embodiments, 30 mesh to 80 mesh plastic powder is subjected to high voltage electrical selection to obtain plastic powder and metal powder.
In some embodiments, the method for recycling waste further comprises the steps of:
performing magnetic vortex separation on the sundries to remove metal materials;
crushing the sundries;
drying the sundries;
friction dry cleaning is carried out on the sundries so as to remove humus soil;
elastic sorting is carried out on the sundries to remove rubber and wood, so that hard plastic is obtained;
melting the hard plastic and then carrying out polymerization modification to obtain hard polymer plastic;
and crushing and grinding the hard polymeric plastic to obtain hard plastic powder.
In some embodiments, the method for recycling waste further comprises the steps of:
crushing and screening the sundries to remove inorganic solid materials;
performing magnetic vortex separation on the sundries to remove metal materials, thereby obtaining organic materials;
crushing the organic material, and then performing friction dry cleaning;
and carrying out critical hydrolysis on the organic material to obtain the bio-organic coal.
In some embodiments, the subjecting the organic material to critical hydrolysis to obtain bio-organic coal comprises:
adjusting the water content of the organic material to enable the water content of the organic material to be 25% -35%;
conveying the organic material to a storage bin;
conveying the organic materials in the storage bin to a hydrolysis system through a feeding system;
and heating the hydrolysis system to enable the organic garbage to be subjected to critical hydrolysis so as to obtain the bio-organic coal and the combustible gas.
In some embodiments, the pre-treating the aged waste to remove large-size objects, iron objects, and humus soil to obtain a mixed material comprises:
conveying the aged garbage to a manual sorting table for manual sorting, and then screening by a strip-shaped screen to remove large-size objects;
unpacking and crushing old garbage, and conveying the crushed old garbage to a drum screen for screening to remove humus soil;
wherein, magnetic separation is carried out in the process of transporting the aged garbage to remove iron matters.
In some embodiments, before the pre-treating the aged waste to remove large-sized objects, iron objects and humus soil, thereby obtaining a mixed material, the method comprises the following steps:
performing exploration evaluation on the old garbage field;
determining an excavation method according to the exploration evaluation result;
extracting methane in the old garbage field, and introducing air into the old garbage field to deodorize;
excavating the old garbage field according to the determined excavation method;
the dug old garbage is distributed for pretreatment.
In some embodiments, biogas is used as fuel to supply heat to hot air flow, and the hot air flow is used for drying the plastic film material.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is exemplary and intended to be illustrative of the invention and not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The method for recycling aged garbage provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s101, pretreating old garbage to remove large-size matters, iron matters and humus soil, thereby obtaining a mixed material.
Specifically, in the pretreatment process of the old garbage, the old garbage is conveyed to a manual sorting table for manual sorting, large-size objects (metal objects, clothes, wood, buildings and the like) are sorted out, and in the conveying process of the old garbage, magnetic separation is performed to remove iron objects. After manual sorting, the old garbage is screened by a strip-shaped screen to remove large-size objects (large buildings); and then unpacking and crushing the old garbage, conveying the old garbage to a drum screen for screening to remove humus soil, and carrying out magnetic separation in the old garbage conveying process to remove iron matters.
Optionally, the mesh aperture of the trommel is 28mm or more and 32mm or less.
Preferably, the mesh size of the trommel is 30mm.
It will be appreciated that the sizes of the organic material and the plastic film material are generally greater than 30mm, and the sizes of the inorganic material and the humus soil are generally less than 30mm, so that the humus soil and the inorganic material can be removed by screening with a trommel with a mesh size of 30mm.
Therefore, the recycling treatment method of the aged garbage can pretreat the aged garbage to obtain the mixed material.
S102, winnowing the mixed material to obtain plastic film materials, sundries and building materials with sequentially increasing mass.
When the mixed materials are winnowed, the inclined plate winnowing mode is adopted, the inclined plate winnowing refers to a belt which has a certain inclination angle with the horizontal direction, and the inclination angle can enable heavy inorganic matters (such as building materials, ceramics, glass, masonry and the like) in the garbage to slide downwards from the direction opposite to the belt movement by means of self-weight acceleration (the belt inclination angle is related to the belt running speed, the belt inclination angle is large when the belt speed is large, and the belt inclination angle is relatively small when the belt speed is small). It is understood that the movement direction of the belt is obliquely upper, the lower side of the discharge hole of the belt is provided with positive pressure winnowing equipment, and the positive pressure winnowing equipment divides the material into plastic film materials and sundries (the sundries comprise plastic rubber, clothing leather, wood and the like) through different specific gravity and windward area of the material.
S103, friction dry cleaning is carried out on the plastic film materials so as to remove water and humus soil.
It is understood that the plastic film material is added into the friction dry cleaning equipment for friction dry cleaning, the friction dry cleaning equipment is internally provided with a high-speed friction blade rotor, the periphery of the friction dry cleaning equipment is provided with a sieve plate, and the sieve hole size of the sieve plate is determined according to the humus size contained in the plastic film material. The friction dry cleaning equipment enables humus soil on the surface of plastic film materials to fall off and is discharged from the sieve holes through the high-speed moving blade rotor, and meanwhile, part of water is discharged, so that the friction dry cleaning and impurity removing effects are achieved. Therefore, the plastic film material can be subjected to friction dry cleaning to remove moisture and humus (corrosion impurities).
S104, crushing the plastic film materials.
The plastic film materials after friction dry cleaning are crushed, so that the size of the plastic film materials reaches about 12 cm, and the plastic film materials after crushing are favorable for subsequent winnowing, drying, friction dry cleaning, magnetic separation and polymerization modification.
S105, carrying out negative pressure winnowing on the plastic film material to remove the glue heavy objects.
After the plastic film materials are subjected to negative pressure winnowing, glue heavy objects (heavy objects such as plastics, rubber and the like) can be separated, so that the purity of the separated plastic film materials is higher, and the quality of the plastic products modified by subsequent polymerization can be improved.
S106, drying the plastic film material.
The plastic film material subjected to negative pressure winnowing enters drying equipment, the drying equipment is introduced with hot air, the temperature of the hot air is not more than 230 ℃, the flow speed of the hot air is controlled, the surface temperature of the material is not more than 150 ℃, and therefore softening and pyrolysis of the plastic film material are avoided, and dioxin and other harmful gases are not generated in the drying process.
S107, friction dry cleaning is carried out on the plastic film materials again to remove humus soil and dust.
The plastic film material is added into another friction dry cleaning device to carry out friction dry cleaning, and after the plastic film material is subjected to friction dry cleaning again, humus soil and dust on the surface of the plastic film material can be further removed, so that the purity of the plastic film material is further improved, and the quality of a plastic product modified by subsequent polymerization can be further improved.
S108, carrying out magnetic separation on the plastic film material to remove iron matters.
It can be understood that eddy current separation can be performed simultaneously when the plastic film material is subjected to magnetic separation, so that metal materials such as copper, aluminum and the like are separated.
And S109, melting the plastic film material, and then performing polymerization modification to obtain the polymerized plastic.
The purity of the plastic film materials subjected to a series of sorting is higher, and the plastic film materials are heated and hot melted through extrusion equipment, so that the plastic film materials with the melting points close to each other are polymerized and modified, and the polymerized plastic is obtained. The water vapor generated in the polymerization modification process is filtered and then subjected to zeolite adsorption, and then discharged through an induced draft fan.
According to the recycling treatment method for the aged garbage, disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the aged garbage is pretreated, large-size objects, iron objects and humus soil are sorted and classified, the obtained mixed material is subjected to air separation, and the obtained plastic film material is subjected to a series of treatments and then subjected to polymerization modification, so that the polymerized plastic is obtained.
Therefore, the method for recycling the aged garbage can sort and classify the aged garbage, and can treat plastic film materials to obtain polymerized plastics, so that recycling treatment is realized.
It can be understood that the old garbage is required to be dug out of the landfill before being subjected to the pretreatment to remove large-size matters, iron matters and humus, so that the old garbage recycling treatment method further comprises the following steps:
s001, performing exploration evaluation on the old garbage field.
That is, before the old garbage field is excavated, firstly, the field should be subjected to exploration evaluation, and various data (such as garbage source, garbage component, garbage forming time, garbage area and capacity, lamination thickness, water content, organic matter content and the like) of the old garbage field are determined by exploration evaluation and garbage collection.
S002, determining an excavation method according to the exploration evaluation result.
Various data of the old garbage field are well determined, and then schemes such as an excavation method (layered excavation or tangential excavation), biogas treatment, odor treatment, permeate treatment and the like are formulated according to the data.
S003, extracting methane in the old garbage field, and introducing air into the old garbage field to deodorize;
s004, excavating the old garbage field according to the determined excavation method.
According to the method for preparing the refuse landfill excavation method by exploration evaluation, the old refuse is synchronously subjected to regional, layered or tangent excavation to spray biological deodorization, so that waste gas pollution is avoided, the penetrating fluid is conveyed to water treatment to reach the standard for emission, and meanwhile, the closed refuse transport vehicle or closed conveying equipment is used for conveying the refuse to a treatment workshop.
By utilizing an aerobic biological deodorization technology, the air content is increased in the landfill to enable part of the landfill layer to be in an aerobic state, the easily degradable components in the garbage are accelerated to degrade in the aerobic state so as to reduce toxic and harmful substances, lignin and other substances with low degradation rate are polymerized with protein and other substances in dead microorganisms to form relatively stable humus, and old garbage is stabilized to be mined.
S005, distributing the excavated old garbage so as to perform pretreatment.
In some embodiments, the polymerized plastic resulting from the polymerization modification is cooled and then crushed into plastic powder, which, after addition of the different ingredients, is passed through an extrusion device (extrusion) or an injection device (injection) to produce different plastic products.
In other embodiments, the garbage recycling method according to the embodiment of the present invention further includes the following steps:
s110, slicing and cooling the polymerized plastic.
S111, crushing the polymerized plastic and grinding the crushed polymerized plastic to obtain mixed powder.
Adopt many mills to carry out the crocus in proper order during the crocus to improve crocus effect.
S112, sieving the mixed powder to obtain large-particle plastics, velvet materials and plastic powder.
It is understood that the mixed powder is added into the airflow sieve in a cyclone aggregate mode, large-particle plastics, velvet materials and 30-80-mesh plastic powder are obtained after the mixed powder is screened by the airflow sieve, the cyclone aggregate is also carried out when the mixed powder is screened by the airflow sieve, so that the plastic powder with the particle size larger than 80 meshes is obtained, in addition, dust collection is carried out when the cyclone aggregate is carried out, so that dust impurities are removed, and finally, the plastic powder with the particle size of 30-80 meshes is subjected to high-voltage electric selection, so that the plastic powder and the metal powder are obtained.
S113, grinding the large-particle materials again, so that the grinding effect is further improved.
In some embodiments, the garbage recycling method according to the embodiments of the present invention further includes the following steps:
s210, carrying out magnetic vortex separation on sundries to remove metal materials;
s220, crushing sundries;
s230, drying sundries;
s240, carrying out friction dry cleaning on sundries to remove humus soil;
s250, carrying out elastic sorting on sundries to remove rubber and wood, thereby obtaining hard plastic;
and S260, melting the hard plastic, and then performing polymerization modification to obtain the hard polymer plastic, wherein water vapor generated in the polymerization modification process is filtered, and then zeolite adsorption is performed, and then the hard polymer plastic is discharged through a draught fan.
S270, crushing and grinding the hard polymeric plastic to obtain hard plastic powder.
In other embodiments, the garbage recycling method according to the embodiment of the present invention further includes the following steps:
s310, crushing and screening sundries to remove inorganic solid materials.
Sundries are crushed by the roller crusher, inorganic materials (glass ceramic buildings and the like) which are easy to fracture are extruded and crushed to form small materials, organic materials (organic plastics, clothes, straw wood and the like) are good in flexibility and are not easy to crush by the roller crusher, the crushed materials enter roller screening equipment to be screened, and the small materials (the crushed glass ceramic buildings and the like) in the materials are screened, so that the sorting of the organic materials and the inorganic materials is achieved.
S320, carrying out magnetic vortex separation on sundries to remove metal materials, thereby obtaining organic materials.
The selected sundries are subjected to magnetic vortex separation (magnetic separation and eddy current separation comprehensive separation equipment) to separate out metals (iron, copper, aluminum, gold and silver and the like), so that the method is beneficial to subsequent crushing and critical hydrolysis.
S330, crushing the organic materials and then friction dry-cleaning.
The organic materials obtained after the magnetic vortex separation are crushed, so that the size of the organic materials is more than or equal to 20mm and less than or equal to 60mm. The inventors found that the size of the organic material is too small, and smaller organic materials are easily discharged during friction dry cleaning, but the size of the organic material is too large, the friction dry cleaning effect is relatively poor, and the critical hydrolysis is not good, and the critical hydrolysis cost is increased.
Therefore, the size of the organic material is 20mm or more and 60mm or less, which is advantageous for friction dry cleaning and critical hydrolysis.
Preferably, the size of the organic material is 50mm.
S340, carrying out critical hydrolysis on the organic material to obtain the bio-organic coal.
The inventors found that when the water content of the organic material is less than 20% and greater than 40%, the% has some effect on the critical hydrolysis efficiency and quality.
Therefore, before critical hydrolysis of the organic material, the water content of the organic material is adjusted so that the water content of the organic material is 25% -35%. Preferably, the moisture content of the machine material is 30%.
And then, conveying the organic materials to a storage bin, conveying the organic materials in the storage bin to a hydrolysis system through a feeding system, and heating the hydrolysis system to enable the organic garbage to be subjected to critical hydrolysis so as to obtain the bio-organic coal and the combustible gas.
It is understood that critical hydrolysis is the breakdown of organic macromolecules into smaller organic species near the critical point of water, which converts organic macromolecular compounds into lower molecular compounds. That is, the organic material containing 30% of water is introduced into a high-pressure high-temperature vessel, and the water is heated to a critical point temperature t=374℃ (370 ℃ C. To 380 ℃ C.), or the critical pressure is pressurized to a pressure p=22.1 MPa (21 MPa to 23 MPa). When the temperature or pressure in the high-pressure high-temperature container is about a critical point, the gas-like liquid decomposes the organic material and generates gas, and the gas components mainly comprise carbon monoxide, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, alkanes, water gas and the like; for example, chlorine and sulfur in the plastic react with generated hydrogen to form hydrogen chloride gas (HCl) and hydrogen sulfide gas (H2S) during critical hydrolysis, so that substances such as chlorine, sulfur and the like in the organic materials are replaced, the organic substances are subjected to critical hydrolysis to form bio-organic coal, the bio-organic coal does not contain the harmful substances such as chlorine, sulfur and the like, and the bio-organic coal is discharged after the critical hydrolysis.
In addition, the combustible gas generated during critical hydrolysis contains hydrogen, carbon monoxide, alkanes, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen sulfide and other gases, and the combustible gas is collected, filtered and purified to burn to a production line or supply heat to the outside, and tail gas after the combustion of the combustible gas is subjected to alkaline spraying, aerosol separation, adsorption and other standard emission. The inventors found that the basic conditions for the production of dioxin are: sufficient chlorine, oxygen, a catalyst and proper temperature, a small amount of oxygen atoms are preferentially combined with C, H in the critical hydrolysis process, and the organic material obtained after the old garbage is separated contains little or no metal, so that the basic conditions for generating dioxin are limited due to insufficient oxygen and metal catalyst in the critical hydrolysis process, and the dioxin cannot be generated.
The moisture of the bio-organic coal produced by critical hydrolysis is about 30%, and the moisture contains trace hydrogen chloride and hydrogen sulfide harmful substances, so that the water is required to be dehydrated and dried, and enters a water treatment system for reaching the discharge standard. The dried and dewatered biological organic coal can be directly combusted, and the biological organic coal is almost pollution-free when being combusted. Naturally, the bio-organic coal may be gasified to produce artificial natural gas mainly containing carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, alkanes, and the like. The artificial natural gas can be directly combusted for heat supply, natural gas can be supplied to a factory, gas can be supplied to a gas boiler, resident and gas consumption units can be supplied for combustion, and the artificial natural gas can also be supplied to an internal combustion generator for power generation.
The humus soil produced by the recycling treatment method of the aged garbage comprises metals and microplastic, the screened humus soil can be subjected to magnetic separation and eddy current separation to separate metals such as iron, copper, aluminum, gold and silver in materials, then the microplastic is separated by air separation and friction dry cleaning, and the microplastic can be used for preparing bio-organic coal through critical hydrolysis, so that the aged garbage can be fully utilized.
In some embodiments, when the plastic film material is dried by using hot air flow, methane is used as fuel or waste heat generated by critical hydrolysis is used for supplying heat to the hot air flow.
The method for recycling the aged garbage in the embodiment of the invention supplies power to production operation by using a photovoltaic power generation system, redundant electric energy is supplied to supply heat when no photovoltaic power generation (night or no sunlight) is performed by lithium electricity energy storage or molten salt heat storage, heat can be supplied by lava energy storage during critical hydrolysis and drying, and the garbage recycling treatment is performed by using photovoltaic power generation to realize zero emission and zero pollution.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships, merely for convenience in describing the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
For purposes of this disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "a particular example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. The method for recycling the aged garbage is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
pretreating old garbage to remove large-size matters, iron matters and humus soil, thereby obtaining a mixed material;
winnowing the mixed material to obtain plastic film materials, sundries and building materials with sequentially increasing mass;
carrying out friction dry cleaning on the plastic film material by using friction dry cleaning equipment so as to remove water and humus soil;
crushing the plastic film material;
carrying out negative pressure winnowing on the plastic film material to remove glue heavy objects;
drying the plastic film material, wherein the plastic film material subjected to negative pressure air separation enters drying equipment, hot air flow is introduced into the drying equipment, the temperature of the hot air flow is not more than 230 ℃, and the flow speed of the hot air flow is controlled, so that the surface temperature of the material is not more than 150 ℃;
carrying out friction dry cleaning on the plastic film material again by using another friction dry cleaning device so as to remove humus soil and dust;
carrying out magnetic separation on the plastic film material to remove iron;
melting the plastic film material and then carrying out polymerization modification to obtain polymerized plastic;
crushing and screening the sundries to remove inorganic solid materials;
performing magnetic vortex separation on the sundries to remove metal materials, thereby obtaining organic materials;
crushing the organic material, and then performing friction dry cleaning;
adjusting the water content of the organic material to enable the water content of the organic material to be 25% -35%;
conveying the organic material to a storage bin;
conveying the organic materials in the storage bin to a hydrolysis system through a feeding system;
and heating the hydrolysis system to enable the organic material to be subjected to critical hydrolysis so as to obtain the bio-organic coal and the combustible gas.
2. The method for recycling waste according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
slicing and cooling the polymeric plastic;
crushing the polymerized plastic and grinding the crushed polymerized plastic to obtain mixed powder;
sieving the mixed powder to obtain large-particle plastics, velvet materials and plastic powder;
the large-particle plastic is ground again.
3. The method for recycling waste according to claim 2, wherein,
the step of sieving the mixed powder to obtain large-particle plastic, velvet material and plastic powder comprises the following steps:
screening the mixed powder by using an airflow screen to obtain large-particle plastics, velvet materials and 30-80-mesh plastic powder;
when the airflow sieve is used for sieving the mixed powder, cyclone aggregate is carried out so as to obtain plastic powder with the particle size of more than 80 meshes.
4. The recycling treatment method of aged garbage according to claim 3, wherein the plastic powder of 30-80 meshes is subjected to high-voltage electric selection to obtain the plastic powder and the metal powder.
5. The method of recycling waste disposal according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pre-treating the waste to remove large-sized objects, iron-based objects and humus soil, thereby obtaining a mixed material comprises:
conveying the aged garbage to a manual sorting table for manual sorting, and then screening by a strip-shaped screen to remove large-size objects;
unpacking and crushing old garbage, and conveying the crushed old garbage to a drum screen for screening to remove humus soil;
wherein, magnetic separation is carried out in the process of transporting the aged garbage to remove iron matters.
6. The method for recycling waste disposal according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of, before said pre-treating waste to remove large-sized objects, iron-based objects and humus soil, thereby obtaining a mixed material:
performing exploration evaluation on the old garbage field;
determining an excavation method according to the exploration evaluation result;
extracting methane in the old garbage field, and introducing air into the old garbage field to deodorize;
excavating the old garbage field according to the determined excavation method;
the dug old garbage is distributed for pretreatment.
7. The recycling treatment method of aged garbage according to claim 6, wherein methane is used as fuel to supply heat for hot air flow, and the hot air flow is used for drying the plastic film material.
CN202111346817.0A 2021-07-28 2021-11-15 Method for recycling aged garbage Active CN114210717B (en)

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