CN114209734B

CN114209734B - Traditional Chinese medicine composition for improving laying performance of laying hens as well as preparation method and application of traditional Chinese medicine composition

Info

Publication number: CN114209734B
Application number: CN202111506235.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王德云; 孔祥峰; 胡新; 武志勇; 周子晖; 朱少武
Original assignee: Nanjing Agricultural University; Fuyang Normal University
Current assignee: Nanjing Agricultural University; Fuyang Normal University
Priority date: 2021-12-10
Filing date: 2021-12-10
Publication date: 2023-03-07
Anticipated expiration: 2041-12-10
Also published as: CN114209734A

Abstract

The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition for improving the laying performance of laying hens and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the main active ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine composition are prepared by the following formula; the formula comprises the following traditional Chinese medicine components: dandelion, eucommia bark, teasel root, angelica, six-month-old-yang and glossy privet fruit. The composition provided by the invention has the effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, inducing diuresis with bland drugs and resisting inflammation, and has the effects of improving the laying performance of laying hens and improving salpingitis, so that the laying rate is improved, the egg laying peak period is prolonged, and the egg quality is improved.

Description

Traditional Chinese medicine composition for improving laying performance of laying hens as well as preparation method and application of traditional Chinese medicine composition

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese veterinary medicines, and particularly relates to a traditional Chinese medicine composition for improving the production performance of laying hens, and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

Eggs are indispensable protein food in daily life of people, the breeding economic benefit and the quality safety of the eggs are the most concerned problems of farmers and consumers respectively, and the key to improving the production performance of laying hens and improving the quality of the eggs is to improve the breeding benefit. In the traditional breeding industry, in order to improve the production benefit, farmers often add antibiotics to feed regularly for disease prevention, so that the risk of drug residue in livestock and poultry products is invisibly increased, drug-resistant strains are often caused after long-term use, the production performance of livestock and poultry and the quality of livestock and poultry products are seriously reduced, and the livestock and poultry industry in China is seriously lost.

Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new drugs or techniques to replace antibiotics to reduce the adverse effects and harm caused by the antibiotics. The traditional Chinese medicine and the preparation thereof become increasingly concerned objects by the advantages of pure nature, no toxicity, no residue, no drug resistance and the like, and are one of effective ways for solving the problems in the current laying hen production. The traditional Chinese medicine has the effects of tonifying middle-jiao and Qi, activating blood and dissolving stasis, is rich in various amino acids and mineral elements, and plays a great role in improving the production performance and the egg quality of the laying hens. The traditional Chinese medicine has a conditioning effect mainly by improving the physique of the laying hens, and a plurality of active ingredients have a certain antibacterial effect, so that the morbidity of common diseases such as enteritis, vitelline peritonitis and salpingitis caused by escherichia coli, salmonella and the like can be reduced, and a certain treatment effect can be achieved. Meanwhile, the traditional Chinese medicine can improve the immunity of animal organisms and improve the production performance. Modern researchers are also continuously researching and developing novel traditional Chinese veterinary medicine preparations for improving the production performance of laying hens, replacing antibiotics and reducing the loss of animal husbandry.

At present, the conventional traditional Chinese medicine extraction process generally adopts a decoction method, a reflux method and an immersion method to extract medicinal materials or decoction pieces, and has the characteristics of long extraction time and higher extraction temperature. Therefore, the active ingredients in the traditional Chinese medicine are damaged more, and the extraction yield is lower. The extracted dregs have high water content, and generally when solid wastes are treated, certain pressure is brought to environmental protection. Therefore, the invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine composition for improving the laying performance of laying hens and a preparation method and application thereof.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a traditional Chinese medicine composition for improving the production performance of laying hens, aiming at the defects of the prior art.

The invention also aims to solve the technical problem of providing a preparation for improving the production performance of laying hens.

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine composition.

The invention also aims to solve the technical problem of providing the application of the traditional Chinese medicine composition and the preparation.

The invention idea is as follows: the theory of Chinese veterinarian considers that the laying hen has lowered laying rate due to qi and blood deficiency and qi and blood stasis, and salpingitis is a damp-heat syndrome. Modern medicine considers that the reduction in laying rate is caused by dysfunction of the reproductive endocrine system. The invention selects a plurality of traditional Chinese medicines of dandelion, eucommia bark, himalayan teasel root, angelica, serissa serissoides and glossy privet fruit for reasonable combination and compatibility from a plurality of medicine screening combinations with the functions of clearing heat and detoxicating, activating blood and dissolving stasis and inducing diuresis with bland drugs. The teasel root, the eucommia bark, the angelica and the six-month-old-yang have the effects of benefiting qi and nourishing blood, promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis and the like, can promote follicular development, prolong the egg laying peak period and ensure that the eggshell has ruddy color and smooth texture; six months of returning yang can dredge stasis, regulate oviduct, promote blood circulation, fructus ligustri lucidi and cortex eucommiae can tonify kidney and benefit liver, dandelion can clear away heat and toxic materials, can inhibit bacteria and diminish inflammation, reduce the occurrence of broken eggs, soft-shell eggs and deformed eggs, and obviously improve the production performance of laying hens. Meanwhile, the invention adopts ultramicro crushing combined with an impregnation method to improve the process for extraction, and has certain advancement by adopting an advanced centrifugal solid-liquid separation technology for collecting liquid medicine.

In order to solve the first technical problem, the invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition, the main active ingredients of which are prepared by the following formula; the formula comprises the following traditional Chinese medicine components: comprises herba Taraxaci, eucommiae cortex, radix Dipsaci, radix Angelicae sinensis, caulis et folium Gaultheriae Yunnanensis and fructus Ligustri Lucidi; wherein, the Chinese angelica: the traditional Chinese medicine is a monarch drug for replenishing blood, activating blood, and replenishing qi and blood consumed by laying hens; eucommia bark and teasel root: the feed has the effects of tonifying liver and kidney, strengthening tendons and bones, and solving the problems of liver and kidney yang deficiency and osteoporosis easily caused by long-term egg laying of the laying hens; glossy privet fruit: nourishing yin, tonifying liver and kidney, and is an adjuvant drug; six months of returning yang: promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis and stopping bleeding, dandelion: clearing away heat and toxic material, relieving swelling and dissipating nodulation, are guiding drugs.

Wherein the weight portions of the dandelion, the eucommia bark, the teasel root, the angelica, the serissa serissoide and the glossy privet fruit are 10-20 portions, 15-30 portions and 15-30 portions, preferably 20 parts, 30 parts.

In order to solve the second technical problem, the invention discloses a preparation for improving the production performance of laying hens, which comprises the traditional Chinese medicine composition described in the first problem.

In order to solve the third technical problem, the invention discloses a preparation method of a traditional Chinese medicine composition, which comprises the following steps:

s1: weighing the traditional Chinese medicine components according to the formula, micronizing to 800-1000 meshes, soaking with sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain extractive solution;

s2: adjusting the obtained extract to acidity, concentrating, and drying to obtain Chinese medicinal composition;

in step S1, the formula comprises the following traditional Chinese medicine components: dandelion, eucommia bark, teasel root, angelica, six-month-old-yang and glossy privet fruit.

In the step S1, the amount of the sodium hydroxide is 0.05-2% of the mass of the water, and is preferably 1%; in the soaking process, the extraction yield of the main component caffeic acid can be obviously improved by adding the sodium hydroxide, and can be improved by about 10 percent compared with the method without adding the sodium hydroxide.

In step S1, the mass ratio of water to the raw material is (4 to 8): 1, preferably 6.

In the step S1, the soaking temperature is 60-100 ℃; the soaking time is 40-80 min, preferably 60min.

In the step S1, the solid-liquid separation is performed by using a horizontal screw centrifuge and a butterfly centrifuge; wherein, the rotating speed parameter of the horizontal spiral centrifugal machine is 3000r/min, and the rotating speed parameter of the butterfly centrifugal machine is 6000r/mim.

In step S2, the regulator of the extract adjusted to be acidic is dilute hydrochloric acid, and the pH is adjusted to 3.5-4.0.

In step S2, the concentration is carried out until the density is 1.05 to 1.10g/cm ³ (ii) a The concentration adopts a three-effect concentrator, and the vacuum degree and the evaporation temperature of each effect are as follows: first effect-0.04-0.07MPa, 85 ℃; second effect-0.06-0.08MPa, 75 ℃, third effect-0.07-0.10MPa and 65 ℃; effectively shorten the concentration time and reduce the loss of effective components.

In the step S2, the drying is spray drying or silica adsorption drying.

Wherein, the water soluble powder can be prepared by spray drying, the product has good water solubility and quick oral absorption, and the preparation is suitable for being added into clinical drinking water and has high oral absorption utilization rate; the spray dryer has the following parameters in working: the air inlet temperature is 140-160 ℃, and the air outlet temperature is 70-90 ℃.

Wherein the granular powder can be prepared by silica adsorption and paddle spiral drying; the product has good free-running property, is not easy to agglomerate, has the volume weight close to that of feed raw materials of corn flour and soybean meal, and has good adding uniformity in the feed. The paddle spiral drying method has the advantages of large heating area, short drying time and low energy consumption. The silica raw material is 20-60 meshes, the proportion of the added silica is that 700-800 g of silica is added to each kilogram of medicinal materials, and the bulk density of the product is 0.51-0.58 ton/cubic meter.

In order to solve the fourth technical problem, the invention discloses application of the traditional Chinese medicine composition in the first technical problem, the preparation in the second technical problem and the traditional Chinese medicine composition prepared by the method in the third technical problem in preparation of products for improving the production performance of laying hens.

Wherein the product is a feed additive and/or a veterinary drug.

Wherein the dosage ratio of the product to the feed is 250-1000 g/ton, preferably 400-600 g/ton, and more preferably 500 g/ton.

Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

(1) The invention effectively improves the extraction efficiency, shortens the extraction time, reduces the extraction temperature, reduces the damage of the active ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine and enhances the product effect by adopting the ultramicro pulverization combined centrifugal solid-liquid separation technology.

(2) Clinical verification shows that the composition provided by the invention has the effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, inducing diuresis with bland drugs and resisting inflammation, can obviously improve the production performance of laying hens in laying hen breeding, has a definite curative effect, can improve the laying rate, improve the quality of eggs and reduce the occurrence of vitelline peritonitis and salpingitis, and the spray-dried traditional Chinese medicine has good taste and no toxic or side effect. Can be suitable for antibiotic reduction in the non-antibiotic breeding and livestock husbandry industries. Has the characteristics of safety, no side effect, quick response, obvious effect and the like.

Drawings

The foregoing and/or other advantages of the invention will become further apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is oviduct HE staining.

Detailed Description

The experimental methods described in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the reagents and materials are commercially available, unless otherwise specified.

The concentration of the dilute hydrochloric acid described in the following examples was 4mol/L.

Example 1

Weighing 20 parts of dandelion, 20 parts of eucommia ulmoides, 20 parts of teasel root, 30 parts of angelica, 30 parts of serissa officinalis and 30 parts of glossy privet fruit according to parts by weight, and screening and cleaning; micronizing the above materials, and sieving with 500 mesh sieve; adding sodium hydroxide and water into the raw materials penetrating through the screen mesh, soaking for 60 minutes at 80 ℃, and extracting a solvent to obtain drinking water, wherein the mass ratio of the used solvent to the raw materials is (6)1% of the mass of the medium; centrifuging for 30min with a horizontal screw centrifuge (3000 r/min) to separate solid and liquid from the extracted material, centrifuging the obtained liquid with a butterfly centrifuge (6000 r/mim) for 30min to separate solid and liquid to obtain extractive solution; adjusting the pH value of the extracting solution to 4.0 by using dilute hydrochloric acid; concentrating the extracting solution to the density of 1.05-1.10 g/cm ³ (the concentration method adopts a three-effect concentrator, the vacuum degree and the evaporation temperature of each effect are-0.04 to-0.07MPa, 85 ℃ for each effect, 0.06 to-0.08MPa for two effects, 75 ℃ for three effects, 0.07 to-0.10 MPa,65 ℃) for each effect; spray drying the concentrated medicinal liquid (inlet air temperature of spray dryer is 140 deg.C, outlet air temperature is 70 deg.C) to obtain Chinese medicinal compound.

Example 2

Weighing 20 parts of dandelion, 20 parts of eucommia ulmoides, 20 parts of teasel root, 30 parts of angelica, 30 parts of serissa officinalis and 30 parts of glossy privet fruit according to parts by weight, and screening and cleaning; micronizing the above materials, and sieving with 500 mesh sieve; adding sodium hydroxide and water into the raw material penetrating through the screen mesh, soaking for 60 minutes at 80 ℃, and extracting a solvent to obtain drinking water, wherein the mass ratio of the used solvent to the raw material is 6; centrifuging for 30 minutes by using a horizontal screw centrifuge (3000 r/min) to perform solid-liquid separation on the extracted material, and centrifuging the obtained liquid for 30 minutes by using a butterfly centrifuge (6000 r/mim) to perform solid-liquid separation; adjusting the pH value of the extracting solution to 3.8 by using dilute hydrochloric acid; concentrating the extracting solution to the density of 1.05-1.10 g/cm ³ (the concentration method adopts a three-effect concentrator, the vacuum degree and the evaporation temperature of each effect are respectively-0.04-0.07MPa and 85 ℃, the vacuum degree and the evaporation temperature of each effect are respectively-0.06-0.08MPa and 75 ℃, the vacuum degree and the evaporation temperature of each effect are respectively-0.07-0.10MPa and 65 ℃); after concentration, 780g of granular silicon dioxide is adopted for adsorbing and drying the extract obtained by each kilogram of medicinal materials, the particle size of the silicon dioxide is 20-30 meshes, a paddle spiral dryer is adopted for the drying method, and the volume weight of the obtained finished product is 0.56 ton/cubic meter, so that the Chinese herbal compound is obtained.

Example 3:

the formula is as follows: 16 parts of dandelion, 12 parts of eucommia bark, 18 parts of teasel root, 20 parts of angelica, 25 parts of six-month but not more than six-month but also 25 parts of glossy privet fruit;

the preparation process is the same as in example 2.

Example 4: the optimization result of the extraction process is as follows:

the product yield was analyzed in comparison with different solvent treatments under the same extraction conditions as in example 2. The solvents were pure water (example 4) and 1% NaOH aqueous solution (example 2), respectively, and after extraction by the same extraction process, the extract yield was calculated, and the caffeic acid, which is the main ingredient of the products prepared in examples 2 and 3, was measured by HPLC.

HPLC method: chromatographic conditions are as follows: and (3) chromatographic column: c18 (4.6 mm/250mm,5 μm); methanol: phosphate buffer (0-15min, 23; column temperature: 40 ℃; detection wavelength 323nm, flow rate 1ml/min, sample injection amount: 10 μ L.

Preparing a test sample: precisely weighing 1g of a product to be detected, placing the product in a 50mL conical flask, precisely adding 10mL of 5vt% formic acid methanol solution, shaking up, weighing, carrying out ultrasonic treatment, cooling, weighing again, complementing the weight with 5% formic acid methanol solution, centrifuging at low speed, taking supernate, and filtering to obtain filtrate for later use.

Preparation of a reference substance: taking 15g of caffeic acid standard substance, precisely weighing, adding 10mL of methanol for dissolving, taking 1mL, and fixing the volume to a 50mL volumetric flask to obtain 30ug/mL caffeic acid reference substance solution for later use.

Each test was run in parallel 5 times.

Example 5: clinical validation

360 300 days old new poplar black feather laying hens which are similar in weight, healthy and normal in ingestion are selected and randomly divided into 4 groups (blank control group, high dose group, medium dose group and low dose group), and each group contains 90 chickens (each group contains 3 replicates, each replicate contains 30 chickens, and each group contains 90 chickens). The pre-feeding period is 7 days, the basic ration is fed uniformly in the pre-feeding period, the laying rate, the egg weight and the feed intake of each repeated egg are recorded, and each treatment is carried out according to the recorded data. The adjustment is repeated until the difference is not obvious. The regular period starts to feed basic ration (blank control group) daily, or the traditional Chinese medicine compound extract obtained in example 2 is fed according to ration (high dose group, medium dose group and low dose group) of 0.1%, 0.05% and 0.025% feed addition for 10 days continuously, and then the basic ration is fed for 20 days, and the three periods are repeated for 30 days to obtain 90 days in total. The experimental design is shown in table 2.

Table 2 test grouping and diet treatment

During the test period, the number of eggs laid, the total egg weight, the number of broken soft eggs, the number of sand shell eggs and the number of dead and culled chickens on the day are recorded by taking the repetition as a unit every day. The laying rate and the average egg weight are calculated by taking the repetition as a unit every day, and the soft egg breaking rate, the eggshell egg rate, the average daily feed intake and the feed-egg ratio are calculated by taking the repetition as a unit every five days.

Laying rate (%) = total eggs laid per day/(number of chickens participating in production per day) × 100%

Average egg weight (g/piece) = total egg weight per day/total egg number per day

Broken soft egg rate (%) = total broken soft egg number per five days/total egg laying number per five days × 100%

Eggshell egg rate (%) = total eggshell eggs per five days/total eggs per five days × 100%

The test results show that

(1) Compared with the blank control group, the medium dose group greatly improves the laying rate of the laying hens at 30 days and 90 days of the test (P <0.01 (Table 3).

Table 3 laying rate (%)

Note: * Indicates that the difference was very significant compared to the control group (P < 0.01).

(2) The medium dose group significantly increased the feed intake of the layers (P < 0.05) at day 90 compared to the blank control group (table 4).

TABLE 4 average daily food intake (g)

Note: data in the table are mean ± sd, with data in the same column being annotated with no identical letters to indicate significant differences (P < 0.05).

(3) Compared with a blank control group, the traditional Chinese medicines remarkably reduce the egg breaking rate of laying hens (P < 0.05), wherein the egg breaking rate is remarkably reduced in a high-dose group and a medium-dose group (P < 0.01) (Table 5).

Table 5 egg breaking rate (%)

Note: * Indicates significant difference (P < 0.05) compared to the blank control group, and indicates very significant difference (P < 0.01) compared to the blank control group.

(4) Each test group significantly reduced the eggshell egg rate (P < 0.05) of the layers compared to the blank control group, wherein the medium and low dose groups significantly reduced the eggshell egg rate (P < 0.01) (table 6).

Table 6 sand shell egg ratio (%)

Note: * Indicates significant difference compared to the control group (P < 0.05).; indicates very significant difference compared to the blank control group (P < 0.01).

(5) The high and medium dose groups significantly improved eggshell strength (P < 0.05) of the laying hens at 60 days compared to the control group (table 7).

TABLE 7 Eggshell Strength (kg/cm) ² )

Note: data in the table are mean ± standard deviation, with data in the same column with no letters indicating significant difference (P < 0.05).

(6) Compared with a blank control group, the high-dose group remarkably improves the CAT content (P < 0.05) in the serum of the laying hen at 30 days, and the high-dose group and the medium-dose group remarkably improve the CAT content (P < 0.05) in the serum of the laying hen at 60 days. The high dose group significantly reduced the MDA content in the serum of the hens at 90 days (P < 0.05) compared to the blank control group (table 8).

TABLE 8 Effect of Compound recipe on the antioxidation of layer chicken serum

Note: data in the table are mean ± sd, and data in the same index and the same row are annotated without the same letter to indicate significant difference (P < 0.05).

(7) Compared to the other groups, the hens in the blank group had bleeding spots and significant inflammatory cell infiltration in the tissues of the oviduct in the later stages of egg production (fig. 1).

The invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine compound for improving the laying performance of laying hens, a preparation method thereof, an application idea thereof and a method thereof, and a method and a way for realizing the technical scheme are numerous, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the invention, it should be noted that for a person skilled in the art, on the premise of not departing from the principle of the invention, a plurality of improvements and decorations can be made, and the improvements and decorations are also regarded as the protection scope of the invention. All the components not specified in this embodiment can be implemented by the prior art.

Claims

1. The traditional Chinese medicine composition for improving the laying performance of the laying hens is characterized by being prepared from the following traditional Chinese medicine components: herba Taraxaci, eucommiae cortex, radix Dipsaci, radix Angelicae sinensis, caulis et folium Gaultheriae Yunnanensis and fructus Ligustri Lucidi; the dandelion, the eucommia bark, the teasel root, the angelica, the serissa officinalis and the glossy privet fruit are 20 parts, 30 parts and 30 parts by weight.

2. A preparation for improving the productivity of laying hens, which is characterized by comprising the traditional Chinese medicine composition of claim 1.

3. The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine composition as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: weighing the traditional Chinese medicine components, crushing, soaking in a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, and performing solid-liquid separation to obtain an extracting solution;

s2: adjusting the obtained extract to acidity, concentrating, and drying to obtain the Chinese medicinal composition.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein in the step S1, the amount of the sodium hydroxide is 0.05-2% by mass of the water.

5. The production method according to claim 3, wherein in step S1, the mass ratio of water to the raw material is (4-8): 1.

6. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein in the step S1, the soaking temperature is 60-100 ℃; the soaking time is 40-80 min.

7. The method according to claim 3, wherein the adjustment to acidity in step S2 is performed to adjust the pH to 3.5 to 4.0.

8. Use of the Chinese medicinal composition of claim 1, the preparation of claim 2, or the Chinese medicinal composition prepared by the method of any one of claims 3 to 7 in preparing a product for improving the productivity of laying hens.