CN114195271B - Anti-scaling device based on bionic friction nano generator and experimental method - Google Patents
Anti-scaling device based on bionic friction nano generator and experimental method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114195271B CN114195271B CN202111466863.4A CN202111466863A CN114195271B CN 114195271 B CN114195271 B CN 114195271B CN 202111466863 A CN202111466863 A CN 202111466863A CN 114195271 B CN114195271 B CN 114195271B
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/04—Friction generators
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/48—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with magnetic or electric fields
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an anti-scaling device based on a bionic friction nano generator and an experimental method. The device comprises: the friction nano generator array comprises a plurality of bionic friction nano generators arranged front and back; the scale prevention electric field electrode comprises a scale prevention electric field negative electrode and a scale prevention electric field positive electrode which are oppositely arranged to form a middle electrostatic field; and the scale prevention target is arranged in the middle electrostatic field. When fluid flows into the device, the friction nano generator array is impacted, each bionic friction nano generator can convert the kinetic energy of water into electric energy, and the electric energy is transferred to an anti-scaling electric field negative electrode and an anti-scaling electric field positive electrode through wires, so that a high-voltage electrostatic field is formed, and under the action of the electric field, scaling-prone ions are offset in different directions in a water system, and scaling is prevented.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of scale prevention treatment of water systems, in particular to a scale prevention device based on a bionic friction nano generator and an experimental method.
Background
Friction nano-power generation technology is an emerging technology in recent years, and represents the characteristics of low power, micro-current and high voltage of a product friction nano-generator. The friction nano generator can be divided into four basic working modes according to the structural type: single electrode mode, vertical contact-separation mode, horizontal sliding mode, and independent layer mode. The sources of energy collected by the wind energy collector can be divided into vibration energy collection, wind and rain energy collection, biological energy collection and ocean energy collection. According to different application scenes, the friction nano power generation technology can be mainly used as an energy supply device of certain low-power consumption sensors or can be used as a self-powered sensor to be applied.
In the field of scale control in water systems, it is generally limited to acid or base washing of water by physical adsorption or with chemicals (acids, bases, etc.). The residue of chemical agents is a hazard, and chemical processes are currently being replaced by physical processes. The physical scale prevention and removal methods adopted at present mainly comprise mechanical scale removal, magnetic field effect scale removal, electrostatic scale removal, active carbon scale removal, ion exchange resin scale removal, copper zinc alloy scale prevention and the like, but certain short plates exist in the operation process, economic cost, reliability and scale removal effect.
The friction nano power generation technology is applied to the water system to collect water energy, and the electric energy converted from the water energy is utilized to construct a high-voltage scale prevention electric field, so that although the thought is proposed in a conceptual form, powerful tests and theoretical verification are lacked, and the application scene of the structure is severely limited by the required external amplifying circuit.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the problem that the safety and reliability of the existing anti-scaling method are low, the invention provides an anti-scaling device based on a bionic friction nano-generator and an experimental method. The invention can efficiently convert fluid kinetic energy into electric energy through a bionic structure, and based on the scientificity of array combination arrangement, the constructed electric field can stably provide voltage above 165V at the flow speed of 150m/h and the water temperature of 20 ℃, redundant structures such as a high-voltage amplifying circuit and the like are avoided, and the invention has high integration.
The invention adopts the following technical means:
an anti-scale device based on a bionic friction nano-generator, comprising:
the circulating water tank comprises an upper shell and a lower shell, wherein the upper shell and the lower shell are tightly buckled through bolts so as to form a hollow accommodating cavity, a water inlet is formed in one side of the upper shell, and a water outlet is formed in the side surface of the lower shell below the other side surface opposite to the side surface where the water inlet is formed;
the friction nano generator array comprises a plurality of bionic friction nano generators which are arranged front and back, the upper end of each bionic friction nano generator is fixedly connected with the top of the upper shell, the bottom of each bionic friction nano generator is free to droop, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each bionic friction nano generator are led out after being connected in parallel;
the anti-scaling electric field electrode comprises an anti-scaling electric field negative electrode and an anti-scaling electric field positive electrode which are oppositely arranged to form a middle electrostatic field, the anti-scaling electric field negative electrode is connected with a negative electrode leading-out end of each bionic friction nano-generator, and the anti-scaling electric field negative electrode is connected with a positive electrode leading-out end of each bionic friction nano-generator;
an antiscaling target disposed within the central electrostatic field;
when fluid flows into the device from the water inlet, the friction nano generator array is impacted, each bionic friction nano generator can convert the kinetic energy of water into electric energy, and the electric energy is transferred to an anti-scaling electric field negative electrode and an anti-scaling electric field positive electrode through wires, so that a high-voltage electrostatic field is formed, and under the action of the electric field, scaling-prone ions are offset in different directions in the water system, and scaling is prevented.
Further, the friction nano generator array is arranged close to the water inlet, and the placement posture of the friction nano generator array is set to bear the water flow direction on the front face of each bionic friction nano generator.
Further, the bionic friction nano-generator includes:
FEP substrate;
the conductive graphite is attached to the surface of the FEP substrate and is connected with a conductive copper sheet;
the PTFE film is connected with a conductive copper sheet;
the foam cushion is arranged between the conductive graphite and the PTFE film, so that a gap exists between the conductive graphite and the PTFE film in a standing state;
and the PTFE watertight film is connected with the edge of the FEP base material, so that a sealing space is formed between the PTFE watertight film and the FEP base material, and the conductive copper sheet is led out from the upper part of the sealing space.
Further, the thickness of the PTFE film is 0.04-0.06 mm;
the thickness of the FEP base material is 0.08-0.1 mm;
the thickness of the conductive copper sheet is 0.08-0.12 mm;
the thickness of the foam cushion is 0.8-1.2 mm.
The invention also discloses an anti-scaling experiment method based on the bionic friction nano-generator, which is realized based on the anti-scaling device based on the bionic friction nano-generator and comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging an anti-scaling device based on a bionic friction nano generator on a test platform;
s2, installing a data acquisition device at a corresponding acquisition position in the anti-scaling device, wherein the type of the data acquisition device is determined according to experimental content;
s3, circulating the liquid with the easily-scaling ions in the anti-scaling device based on the bionic friction nano-generator;
s4, based on the experimental data acquired by the data acquisition device, the scale prevention effect is evaluated.
Further, the data acquisition device comprises a voltage acquisition device, and the voltage acquisition device is connected with the scale prevention electric field electrode.
Further, the data acquisition device comprises an ion concentration measuring instrument, and a detection mechanism of the ion concentration measuring instrument penetrates into liquid in the circulating water tank.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the method provided by the invention effectively inhibits the scaling problem in the water system by applying the friction nano power generation technology and the electrostatic field scale prevention technology. According to the method, the flexible kelp type friction nano generator array is adopted to efficiently convert the fluid kinetic energy in a flow field into the electric energy of the friction nano generator, so that the friction nano generator generates an electrostatic field of 180V, and finally the scale prevention function of a water system is realized. The method has theoretical feasibility and is verified on a circulating water treatment device with a heat exchange function. And (3) designing a comparison test, and measuring the concentration of residual calcium ions and the scale inhibition rate to achieve the expected effect.
For the reasons, the invention can be widely popularized in the field of scale prevention of water systems.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a scale control device based on a bionic friction nano-generator.
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the anti-fouling device based on the bionic friction nano-generator of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a bionic friction nano-generator according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the scale control effect test in the example.
Fig. 5 is a graph of electric field voltage signals of a bionic kelp type friction nano-generator in an embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the change in concentration of residual calcium ions in the heating cycle test of the example.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the change in the scale inhibition rate at different heating temperatures in the examples.
In the figure: 101. a circulating water tank lower case; 102. an upper case of the circulation tank; 103. a water inlet; 2. a friction nano-generator array; 201. bionic friction nano generator; 2011. FEP substrate; 2012. a sponge cushion; 2013. conductive graphite; 2014. a conductive copper sheet; 2015. a PTFE film; 2016. PTFE watertight membrane; 301. a scale control electric field negative electrode; 302. a scale control electric field positive electrode; 4. an antiscaling target.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments. For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the present invention provides an anti-scaling device based on a bionic friction nano-generator, comprising: the device comprises a circulating water tank, a friction nano generator array 2, an anti-scaling electric field electrode and an anti-scaling target 4. Specifically, the circulation tank includes an upper case 101 and a lower case 102, the upper case 101 and the lower case 102 are tightly fastened by bolts to form a hollow accommodating chamber, wherein a water inlet 103 is provided at one side of the upper case 101, and a water outlet 104 is provided at a side of the lower case 102 below the other side opposite to the side where the water inlet 102 is located. The friction nano generator array 2 comprises a plurality of bionic friction nano generators 201 which are arranged front and back, the upper end of each bionic friction nano generator 201 is fixedly connected with the top of the upper shell 101, the bottom of each bionic friction nano generator is free to droop, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each bionic friction nano generator 201 are led out after being connected in parallel. The scale prevention electric field electrode comprises a scale prevention electric field negative electrode 301 and a scale prevention electric field positive electrode 302, which are oppositely arranged to form a middle electrostatic field, the scale prevention electric field negative electrode 301 is connected with a negative electrode leading-out end of each bionic friction nano-generator 201, and the scale prevention electric field negative electrode 302 is connected with a positive electrode leading-out end of each bionic friction nano-generator 201. The antiscaling target 4 is disposed within the central electrostatic field.
When fluid flows into the device from the water inlet 103, the friction nano generator array 2 is impacted, each bionic friction nano generator 201 can change the kinetic energy of water into electric energy, and the electric energy is transferred to the anti-scaling electric field negative electrode 301 and the anti-scaling electric field positive electrode 302 through wires, so that a high-voltage electrostatic field is formed, and under the action of the electric field, scaling-prone ions are offset in different directions in a water system, and scaling is prevented.
Preferably, the friction nano generator array 2 is disposed near the water inlet 103, and the placement posture of the friction nano generator array is set to accept the water flow direction with the front surface of each bionic friction nano generator 201, so that the fluid kinetic energy can be collected to the maximum extent.
As shown in fig. 3, the bionic friction nano-generator 201 includes: FEP substrate 2011, conductive graphite 2013, PTFE film 2015, sponge pad 2012, and sponge pad 2012. Specifically, the conductive graphite 2013 is attached to the surface of the FEP substrate 2011, and the conductive graphite 2013 is connected to a conductive copper sheet 2014. The PTFE film 2015 is also connected to a conductive copper sheet 2014; the sponge pad 2012 is disposed between the conductive graphite 2013 and the PTFE film 2015 such that a gap exists therebetween in a rest state. The PTFE watertight film 2016 is connected to the edge of the FEP base 2011, so as to form a sealed space therebetween, and the conductive copper sheet 2014 is led out from above the sealed space.
Preferably, the PTFE film 2015 has a thickness of 0.04-0.06 mm; the thickness of the FEP base material 2011 is 0.08-0.1 mm; the thickness of the conductive copper sheet 2014 is 0.08-0.12 mm; the thickness of the sponge pad 2012 is 0.8-1.2 mm.
Based on the inspired marine kelp sheet structure, the friction nano generator can be divided into three layers from top to bottom, wherein the upper layer material is a PTFE film, the lower layer material is a FEP film, and the FEP film is covered with a copper film. The middle layer is mainly a foam cushion and air sealed in the foam cushion and is used for separating the upper layer electrode material from the lower layer electrode material, so that the upper layer electrode material and the lower layer electrode material can be intermittently contacted and separated to generate charge transfer. When the copper film with the electropositivity and the PTFE film with the electronegativity are mutually contacted and separated, a large amount of charges are accumulated on the flexible friction nano power generation surface at the moment to form an electrostatic field, and the conversion from the fluid kinetic energy to the electric energy of the friction nano power generator is completed.
The preparation materials are as follows: polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film of 0.04-0.06 mm, fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer (FEP) film of 0.08-0.1 mm, copper film of 0.08-0.12 mm, sponge cushion of 0.8-1.2 mm thickness, etc.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film of 0.05mm and a fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer (FEP) film of 0.1mm, a copper film of 0.01mm, a sponge pad of 1mm thickness, and conductive ink, wires, etc. are selected. The structure is similar to a sandwich structure, and can be divided into three layers from top to bottom. The upper layer material is PTFE film, which has electronegativity due to high fluorine content and is used as the negative electrode of the friction nano generator; the lower layer material is an FEP film with the thickness of 0.1mm, and a copper film is attached to the FEP film and used as a positive electrode of the friction nano generator. The FEP film has good elasticity, and can provide the restoring force of swinging of the friction nano generator in the flow field under the action of fluid; the middle layer is mainly a foam cushion with the thickness of 1mm and air sealed in the foam cushion, and is used for separating the upper layer electrode material from the lower layer electrode material, so that the upper layer electrode material and the lower layer electrode material can be intermittently contacted and separated to generate charge transfer. When the copper film with the electronegativity and the PTFE film with the electronegativity are contacted and separated, a large amount of charges are accumulated on the surface of the kelp slice to form an electrostatic field, so that the conversion from the fluid kinetic energy to the electric energy of the friction nano generator is completed.
The scale prevention method comprises the following steps: the bionic friction nano generator is arranged in an array in a waterway system needing scale prevention, when fluid flows, the friction nano generator can convert kinetic energy of water into electric energy, and the electric energy is transferred to an electrode plate part of an scale prevention electric field through a lead, so that a high-voltage electrostatic field is formed. Under the action of the electric field, the easy scaling ions can deviate in different directions in the water system, so that the combination probability is reduced, and the scaling phenomenon is further reduced. It is worth noting that the method is different from the traditional electrostatic antiscaling method, and a power supply device is not required to be additionally added outside; the friction nano generator scale prevention method also different from the partial conceptual form needs various combinations of a generator part, an external amplifying circuit part, a scale prevention electric field part and the like. The friction nano generator array designed by the method can collect electric energy better through proving, an external amplifying circuit part is omitted, and the highly integrated structure certainly improves the application field and reduces the maintenance cost.
The friction nano power generation structure and the scale preventing device provided by the invention have the advantages that due to the scientificity of high-efficiency conversion efficiency from fluid kinetic energy to electric energy of the bionic structure and array combination arrangement, the constructed electric field can stably provide voltage above 165V at the flow speed of 150m/h and the water temperature of 20 ℃, redundant structures such as a high-voltage amplifying circuit and the like are avoided, and the high-integration is realized. Compared with the traditional electric field scale prevention scheme, the method has the advantages that a series of problems of high electric power cost, personal injury due to leakage, circuit faults and the like are avoided.
The invention also provides an anti-scaling experiment method based on the bionic friction nano-generator, which is realized based on the anti-scaling device based on the bionic friction nano-generator and comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging an anti-scaling device based on a bionic friction nano generator on a test platform;
s2, installing a data acquisition device at a corresponding acquisition position in the anti-scaling device, wherein the type of the data acquisition device is determined according to experimental content;
s3, circulating the liquid with the easily-scaling ions in the anti-scaling device based on the bionic friction nano-generator;
s4, based on the experimental data acquired by the data acquisition device, the scale prevention effect is evaluated.
In one embodiment, the data acquisition device comprises a voltage acquisition device connected to the scale control electric field electrode. In another embodiment, the data acquisition device employs an ion concentration meter, the detection mechanism of which is deep into the liquid inside the circulation tank.
The experimental method of the present invention will be further described below by way of specific application examples.
Example 1
And carrying out voltage experiments under various working conditions based on the anti-scaling device of the bionic friction nano generator. In a specific implementation, the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing a bionic friction nano generator from a Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film with the thickness of 0.05mm, a fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer (FEP) film with the thickness of 0.1mm, a copper film with the thickness of 0.01mm, a foam-rubber cushion with the thickness of 1mm, conductive ink, a conducting wire and other materials;
step 2, designing and constructing a test platform to finish the arrangement of the bionic friction nano-generator and the scale prevention electrode, as shown in fig. 2;
step 3, performing a test, adjusting working conditions, and measuring the maximum electrostatic field voltage under various working conditions by using a 6517B type electrometer;
step 4, collecting and analyzing the data by using an NI collecting card and LabVIEW;
and 5, drawing the voltage signals of all working conditions into a line graph for analysis, wherein the water temperature is 20 ℃, the voltage above 165V can be stably provided under the working condition of the flow rate of 150m/h, and the maximum voltage signal can reach 180V, as shown in figure 4.
Example 2
The scale control device based on the bionic friction nano generator carries out residual calcium ion concentration experiments, and in specific implementation, the scale control device is carried out according to the following steps:
step 1, arranging a friction nano generator and an anti-scaling device on a test platform;
and 2, preparing calcium carbonate solutions with different concentrations for circulation, wherein the measured concentration of the residual calcium ions can reflect the scale inhibition rate.
Step 3, adopting an MP523 type ion concentration measuring instrument to test the concentration of calcium ions before the test;
step 4, sequentially performing test at the water temperature of 20-70 ℃ and with the temperature of 10 ℃ as an interval, and setting the flow rate to be 150m/h;
and 5, counting the scale inhibition rate under each working condition and drawing a graph, wherein the scale inhibition rate is more than 65 percent.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. An anti-scaling device based on bionic friction nano generator, which is characterized by comprising:
the circulating water tank comprises an upper shell (101) and a lower shell (102), wherein the upper shell (101) and the lower shell (102) are tightly buckled through bolts, so that a hollow accommodating cavity is formed, a water inlet (103) is formed in one side of the upper shell (101), and a water outlet (104) is formed in the side surface of the lower shell (102) below the other side surface opposite to the side surface where the water inlet (102) is formed;
the friction nano generator array (2) comprises a plurality of bionic friction nano generators (201) which are arranged front and back, the upper end of each bionic friction nano generator (201) is fixedly connected with the top of the upper shell (101), the bottom of each bionic friction nano generator is free to droop, and the positive and negative poles of each bionic friction nano generator (201) are led out after being connected in parallel; the friction nano generator array (2) is arranged close to the water inlet (103), and the placement posture of the friction nano generator array is set to be in a water flow bearing direction of the front face of each bionic friction nano generator (201);
the anti-scaling electric field electrode comprises an anti-scaling electric field negative electrode (301) and an anti-scaling electric field positive electrode (302), which are oppositely arranged to form a middle electrostatic field, the anti-scaling electric field negative electrode (301) is connected with a negative electrode leading-out end of each bionic friction nano-generator (201), and an anti-scaling electric field negative electrode (302) is connected with a positive electrode leading-out end of each bionic friction nano-generator (201);
an antiscaling target (4), the antiscaling target (4) being disposed within the central electrostatic field;
when fluid flows into the device from the water inlet (103), the friction nano generator array (2) is impacted, each bionic friction nano generator (201) can change the kinetic energy of water into electric energy, and the electric energy is transferred to an anti-scaling electric field negative electrode (301) and an anti-scaling electric field positive electrode (302) through leads, so that a high-voltage electrostatic field is formed, and under the action of the electric field, scaling-prone ions are offset in different directions in a water system, and scaling is prevented;
the scale prevention experiment method based on the bionic friction nano generator comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging an anti-scaling device based on a bionic friction nano generator on a test platform;
s2, installing the data acquisition device at a corresponding acquisition position inside the scale prevention device, wherein the type of the data acquisition device is determined according to experimental content:
s3, circulating the liquid with the ions easy to scale in the scale prevention device based on the bionic friction nano generator;
s4, based on the experimental data acquired by the data acquisition device, the scale prevention effect is evaluated.
2. The scale control device based on the bionic friction nano-generator according to claim 1, wherein the data acquisition device comprises a voltage acquisition device, and the voltage acquisition device is connected with the scale control electric field electrode.
3. The scale preventing device based on the bionic friction nano-generator according to claim 1, wherein the data acquisition device comprises an ion concentration measuring instrument, and a detection mechanism of the ion concentration measuring instrument penetrates into liquid in the circulating water tank.
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WO2014139346A1 (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2014-09-18 | 国家纳米科学中心 | Sliding frictional nano generator and power generation method |
CN108264136A (en) * | 2018-04-07 | 2018-07-10 | 河南大学 | Based on the antiscaling and antirust method in the water system of the friction nanometer power generator of driving certainly |
CN109088562A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2018-12-25 | 大连海事大学 | A kind of wave energy efficient generating apparatus based on friction nanometer power generator |
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WO2014139346A1 (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2014-09-18 | 国家纳米科学中心 | Sliding frictional nano generator and power generation method |
CN104052327A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2014-09-17 | 苏州中盛纳米科技有限公司 | Frictional nanogenerator based on electric eel bionic wave energy collection and manufacturing method thereof |
CN108264136A (en) * | 2018-04-07 | 2018-07-10 | 河南大学 | Based on the antiscaling and antirust method in the water system of the friction nanometer power generator of driving certainly |
CN109088562A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2018-12-25 | 大连海事大学 | A kind of wave energy efficient generating apparatus based on friction nanometer power generator |
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