CN114194066A - Detonation management system for batteries of electric vehicles - Google Patents

Detonation management system for batteries of electric vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114194066A
CN114194066A CN202210140026.0A CN202210140026A CN114194066A CN 114194066 A CN114194066 A CN 114194066A CN 202210140026 A CN202210140026 A CN 202210140026A CN 114194066 A CN114194066 A CN 114194066A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
battery
power supply
temperature
air pressure
piezoelectric
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Granted
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CN202210140026.0A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN114194066B (en
Inventor
吕松
李兹润
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/66—Arrangements of batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H5/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
    • H02H5/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses an electric automobile battery detonation management system which comprises a main power supply, a standby power supply and a power supply controller; the main power supply is used for supplying power to the electric automobile, and the standby power supply is used for supplying power to the electric automobile when the main power supply is subjected to deflagration; the main power supply and the standby power supply are both connected with the power supply controller; the main power supply comprises a battery unit and a battery mounting plate; the battery unit includes a battery safety device; the battery mounting plate comprises a battery mounting cavity; the battery safety device comprises a piezoelectric device, a safety device and a spraying device; the piezoelectric device is connected with the safety device and the eruption device; the safety device is connected with the power supply controller; the safety device monitors the temperature and the air pressure in the battery installation cavity and sends the temperature value and the air pressure value in the battery installation cavity to the power supply controller. After the temperature and the air pressure of the battery installation cavity are out of control, the battery with out-of-control temperature is discharged out of the electric automobile body through the safety device and the piezoelectric device, and damage to the electric automobile is reduced.

Description

Detonation management system for batteries of electric vehicles
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of safety management of batteries of electric vehicles, in particular to a detonation management system for batteries of electric vehicles.
Background
The electric automobile is a vehicle which takes a vehicle-mounted power supply as power and drives wheels to run by using a motor, and meets various requirements of road traffic and safety regulations. The use of the electric automobile can effectively solve the energy crisis and the environmental pollution caused by the fuel automobile, and the electric automobile is an important development direction of the current automobile development.
In the prior art, the biggest safety problem of an electric automobile is the safety management problem of a battery, and a plurality of independent battery components are connected in series in a battery pack of the electric automobile. During the use process of the electric automobile, the single battery component is aged and heated or is impacted, and the whole battery pack can be caused to catch fire or explode. However, there is currently no good solution to the problem of explosion caused by detonation of individual battery components of an electric vehicle.
Therefore, it is highly desirable to design a battery detonation management system for an electric vehicle, which monitors and manages individual battery components in a battery pack to prevent the entire battery pack from detonating.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, it is necessary to provide an electric vehicle battery detonation management system to solve the problem in the prior art that a single battery in an electric vehicle battery pack detonates to cause explosion of a battery of a whole vehicle, thereby causing great damage to the electric vehicle.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an electric vehicle battery deflagration management system, which is disposed in a vehicle body of an electric vehicle, and includes: the power supply comprises a main power supply, a standby power supply and a power supply controller; the main power supply is used for supplying power to the electric automobile, and the standby power supply is used for supplying power to the electric automobile when the main power supply is subjected to deflagration; the main power supply and the standby power supply are both connected with the power supply controller;
the main power supply comprises a battery unit and a battery mounting plate; the battery unit comprises a power supply battery device and a battery safety device; the battery mounting plate comprises a battery mounting cavity; the power supply battery device is arranged in the battery installation cavity;
the battery safety device comprises a piezoelectric device, a safety device and a spraying device; the piezoelectric device is connected with the safety device and the eruption device; the safety device is connected with the power supply controller;
the safety device monitors the temperature and the air pressure in the battery installation cavity and sends the temperature value and the air pressure value in the battery installation cavity to the power supply controller; the power supply controller judges whether the temperature value and the air pressure value exceed set thresholds or not;
when the temperature value in the battery installation cavity is larger than a first preset temperature threshold value and the air pressure value is larger than a first preset air pressure threshold value, the power supply controller cuts off the connection between the main power supply and the electric automobile, and the power supply mode of the electric automobile is changed into the power supply mode of the standby power supply to supply power to the electric automobile;
when the temperature value in the battery installation cavity is greater than a second preset temperature threshold value and the air pressure value is greater than a second preset air pressure threshold value, the piezoelectric device changes state and triggers the spraying device to generate an acting force, so that the power supply battery device is separated from the body of the electric automobile;
the second preset temperature threshold is greater than the first preset temperature threshold, and the second preset air pressure threshold is greater than the first preset air pressure threshold.
The system of the invention realizes real-time supervision of a single power supply battery device by monitoring the temperature of the power supply battery device and the air pressure in the battery installation cavity and feeding back the temperature value and the air pressure value to the power supply controller. By arranging the standby power supply, when the main power supply has problems (for example, the large-area temperature of the power supply battery device is out of control due to the management failure of the voltage or current of the power supply battery device), the main power supply can be timely disconnected and closed, and the standby power supply is used for carrying out emergency power supply on the electric automobile so as to supply power for the normal use of functions of the vehicle, automatic driving and the like.
Furthermore, the battery mounting plate also comprises a temperature control cavity, and the temperature control cavity comprises a temperature control device and a temperature control medium; the temperature control device is connected with the power supply controller; the temperature control device is used for adjusting the temperature of the temperature control medium;
when the temperature value in the battery installation cavity acquired by the power controller is lower than a third preset temperature threshold value, the power controller sends a heating instruction to the temperature control device, and the temperature control device increases the temperature of the temperature control medium; when the temperature value in the battery installation cavity acquired by the power controller is higher than a fourth preset temperature threshold value, the power controller sends a cooling instruction to the temperature control device, and the temperature control device reduces the temperature of the temperature control medium.
The system controls the temperature of the temperature control medium through the temperature control device, realizes temperature control management of the power supply battery device, prevents the power supply battery device from local overheating or excessively low battery temperature caused by environmental problems in the use process, and improves the use efficiency and the safety performance of the battery.
Further, the safety device comprises an electronic safety device;
the electronic safety device comprises a monitoring sensor and a relay control circuit; the monitoring sensor and the relay control circuit are both connected with the power supply controller;
the relay control circuit is electrically connected with the piezoelectric device and the eruption device to form an ignition circuit, and the relay control circuit is used for controlling the on-off of the ignition circuit;
the monitoring sensor monitors the temperature and the air pressure of the battery installation cavity and sends the monitored temperature value and the monitored air pressure value to the power supply controller; the power supply controller judges whether the temperature value and the air pressure value exceed preset threshold values or not;
when the temperature value in the battery installation cavity is larger than a first preset temperature threshold value and the air pressure value is larger than a first preset air pressure threshold value, the power supply controller provides a closing signal for the relay control circuit, the relay control circuit is connected with the ignition circuit, and the power supply battery device is disconnected from supplying power to the electric automobile; and the power controller starts the standby power supply to supply power for the electric automobile.
Further, the piezoelectric device comprises a piezoelectric plate, a connecting rod, a thrust frame and a piezoelectric igniter;
the piezoelectric plate is arranged on the upper side of the power supply battery device, and the side wall of the piezoelectric plate is not in contact with the inner wall of the battery installation cavity; one surface of the piezoelectric plate, which is opposite to the power supply battery device, is touched with the lower end of the connecting rod; the upper end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the thrust frame; the upper end of the thrust frame is in contact with a piezoelectric igniter, and the piezoelectric igniter is fixed on the inner wall of the battery installation cavity;
when the air pressure value in the battery installation cavity reaches a second preset threshold value, the piezoelectric plate generates displacement and extrudes the thrust frame, the thrust frame extrudes the pressing head of the piezoelectric igniter, the piezoelectric igniter ignites and triggers the spraying device to generate an acting force, so that the power supply battery device is separated from the electric automobile body.
Further, the piezoelectric device further comprises a high-voltage wire and a second wire;
the high-voltage lead and the second lead are both connected with the piezoelectric igniter;
the high-voltage wire is also connected with the safety device, and the safety device is connected with the eruption device; the second lead is also connected with the eruption device;
the spraying device comprises a spraying bag, and gunpowder is arranged in the spraying bag;
the high-voltage wire and the second wire are both connected in the spraying package, the high-voltage wire is not connected with the second wire, and the high-voltage wire and the second wire can be broken down by a high-voltage electric arc released by the piezoelectric igniter;
after the piezoelectric igniter is ignited, the current generated by the piezoelectric igniter is conducted to the spraying package through the high-voltage lead and the second lead, high-voltage electric arcs are released between the high-voltage lead and the second lead, gunpowder in the spraying package is broken down, an acting force is generated, and the power supply battery device is separated from the electric automobile body.
The system of the invention is provided with a piezoelectric device, a safety device and a spraying device; when one power supply battery device is deflagrated, the piezoelectric plate is pushed upwards by air pressure, the pressing head of the piezoelectric igniter is extruded through the thrust frame, discharging is realized, current is conveyed to the inside of the eruption package through the high-voltage lead to form an electric arc with the second lead, gunpowder in the eruption package is punctured, the gunpowder is exploded, the deflagrated power supply battery device is sprayed out, the deflagrated power supply battery device is prevented from causing explosion of other power supply battery devices, loss is reduced, and casualties are reduced.
Further, the safety device further comprises a mechanical safety device;
the mechanical safety device comprises a first magnetic needle structure; the first magnetic needle structure is used for limiting the piezoelectric plate;
the first magnetic needle structure comprises a connecting seat and a first electromagnetic fixing buckle; the connecting seat is arranged on the inner wall of the battery mounting cavity; the first electromagnetic fixing buckle is arranged on the upper side of the connecting seat;
a first connecting needle is arranged on the lower side of the piezoelectric plate; the first connecting pin is connected with the first electromagnetic fixing buckle in a matching mode.
Furthermore, the lower end of the battery installation cavity is connected with a battery tray, and the upper side surface of the battery tray is downwards sunken to form a battery bracket;
the mechanical safety device also comprises a second magnetic needle structure; the second magnetic needle structure comprises a second electromagnetic fixing buckle arranged in the battery bracket, a connecting groove is formed in a battery base on the upper side of the second electromagnetic fixing buckle, a second connecting needle is arranged at the lower end of the cavity wall of the battery installation cavity, and the second connecting needle penetrates through the connecting groove to be connected with the second electromagnetic fixing buckle in a matched mode;
the second magnetic needle structure is used for limiting the battery bottom support.
According to the system, the first magnetic needle structure and the second magnetic needle structure are arranged, when one power supply battery device is out of control in temperature and deflagration is generated, the power supply controller energizes the first electromagnetic fixing buckle and the second electromagnetic fixing buckle, the first connecting needle and the second connecting needle are unlocked, the battery bottom support is in a detachable state, the power supply battery device can be allowed to be detached from the battery installation cavity, and the situation that the other power supply battery devices are caused to be burnt because the power supply battery device is continuously left in the vehicle after deflagration is prevented. Through setting up mechanical safety device and electronic safety device, do the double insurance for preventing that eruption device from triggering by mistake: when the monitoring sensor generates false alarm and the pressure is not increased actually, no gas expands to push the piezoelectric plate, so that the piezoelectric igniter cannot discharge electricity, and the eruption device cannot be triggered; when the press head of the piezoelectric igniter is pressed down due to mechanical failure, but the monitoring sensor does not monitor the abnormity of temperature and air pressure, the relay control circuit cannot be closed, high-voltage current cannot be conducted to the eruption package, and the eruption device cannot be triggered. The explosion device is triggered only when the battery temperature is out of control and explosion happens, so that the safety of the electric automobile is ensured, and the accuracy of battery management of the electric automobile is also improved.
Further, the power supply battery device comprises a tumbler shell and an automobile battery; the tumbler shell comprises an outer shell and an inner shell, and the automobile battery is arranged in the inner shell;
when the tumbler shell is transversely placed, the inner shell and the outer shell are attached and fixedly connected at the inclined side; a heat pipe is connected between the inner shell and the outer shell; the outer shell and the inner shell are both provided with pressure relief ports; when the tumbler shell is transversely and naturally placed, the pressure relief ports are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the automobile battery, and the pressure relief ports are obliquely and downwards arranged.
Furthermore, the tumbler shell is of a columnar structure; the outer shell comprises a large-radius cambered surface, a small-radius cambered surface and a plane; the two end faces of the outer shell are dome-shaped, when the tumbler shell is transversely placed, the large-radius arc face is arranged on the upper side of the small-radius arc face, and the plane is arranged at the bottom of the tumbler shell;
the plane is provided with viscose, removable protective paper is arranged outside the viscose, a paper-removing iron block is arranged on the protective paper, and a paper-removing magnet is arranged in the battery installation cavity corresponding to the paper-removing iron block;
when the tumbler shell is vertically placed in the battery installation cavity, the paper-uncovering iron block is positioned on the lower side of the protection paper.
According to the system, through the arrangement of the tumbler shell, firstly, when the power supply battery device is popped up, the paper uncovering magnet enables the protective paper to be connected from the viscose, and the specially designed tumbler shell can ensure that the power supply battery device can stably land after falling to the ground. When the power supply battery device falls on the ground with less soil or sand, the power supply battery device can be stuck on the ground, so that the potential safety hazard caused by non-directional displacement due to incapability of fixing after the power supply battery device is popped up is eliminated;
secondly, after power supply battery device falls to the ground, no matter whether the viscose has or not to stand on ground, the arc surface of the different radiuses of the both ends face calotte and the cylinder of tumbler casing to and inside special car battery bias focus structure that leans on down, make the tumbler structure can guarantee to be static (before the battery detonation) with same gesture on the road surface, the pressure release mouth that the symmetry set up can make pressure release to both sides simultaneously, power supply battery device can not remove at subaerial great scope, and the pressure release mouth sets up downwards to one side, when the battery detonation, spout flame to ground, reduce the loss.
And the tumbler shell can keep the posture of the power supply battery device after being popped up, heat generated by the battery working at ordinary times can be well led out due to the arrangement of the heat pipe, and the gravity center in the tumbler shell is offset due to the arrangement of the heat pipe structure, so that the posture is kept.
Furthermore, a power supply contact is arranged at one end of the power supply battery device, a connecting contact is arranged in the battery installation cavity, and the power supply contact is in contact connection with the connecting contact;
the battery bracket is characterized in that a battery supporting sheet is arranged on the upper side face of the battery bracket, one end of the battery supporting sheet is fixedly connected with the battery bracket, the other end of the battery supporting sheet is upwards lifted, and the top of the battery supporting sheet is contacted with the power supply battery device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the system is provided with a main power supply, a standby power supply and a power supply controller, when the main power supply has a problem, the main power supply is timely disconnected and closed through the power supply controller, and the standby power supply is used for carrying out emergency power supply on the electric automobile. The battery unit of the main power supply is provided with a power supply battery device and a battery safety device, the battery safety device monitors the temperature and the air pressure of the main power supply and realizes real-time supervision on a single power supply battery device together with the power supply controller. When one power supply battery device is out of control in temperature to generate deflagration, the power supply battery device of the battery protection device enables the power supply battery which generates deflagration to be separated from the automobile body of the electric automobile, so that other power supply battery devices are prevented from continuing deflagration, and the electric automobile is prevented from being damaged greatly. The power supply battery device can be prevented from moving on a large scale on the ground after falling to the ground through the specially designed tumbler shell, flame generated by battery combustion can be sprayed to the ground, and loss is reduced. The invention solves the technical problems of monitoring and management of the existing electric automobile battery and has good practicability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a detonation management system for a battery of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic axial view of a battery unit in a detonation management system for a battery of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic safety device of a battery detonation management system of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a relay control circuit and an ignition circuit of the detonation management system for the battery of the electric vehicle according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view of a main power supply of an electric vehicle battery detonation management system according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion A in FIG. 5 of a detonation management system for a battery of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of internal structures of a first electromagnetic fixing buckle and a second electromagnetic fixing buckle in a deflagration management system for an electric vehicle battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a power supply battery device of an electric vehicle battery detonation management system according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic plan view of a power supply battery device of an electric vehicle battery detonation management system according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic cut-away view of a portion B in fig. 9 of the detonation management system for the battery of the electric vehicle according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating a location of a glue structure of a deflagration management system for an electric vehicle battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a portion C in FIG. 11 of an electric vehicle battery detonation management system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a flowchart illustrating triggering of a battery safety device of an electric vehicle battery detonation management system according to an embodiment of the invention;
101, a main power supply, 102, a standby power supply, 103, a battery unit, 104, a power supply battery device, 105, a battery safety device, 106, a piezoelectric device, 107, a safety device, 108, a spraying device, 109, a battery mounting plate, 110, a battery mounting cavity, 111 and a power supply controller; 112. an electronic safety device 113, a relay control circuit 114, a monitoring sensor 115 and an ignition circuit;
1. the temperature control device comprises a temperature control cavity, 2, a battery bottom support, 3, a piezoelectric plate, 4, a connecting rod, 5, a thrust frame, 6, a piezoelectric igniter, 7, a pressing head, 8, a high-voltage lead, 9, a second lead, 10, a hair spray package, 11, an inclined surface, 12, an inclined end, 13, a connecting seat, 14, a first electromagnetic fixing buckle, 15, a first connecting needle, 16, a battery bracket, 17, a second electromagnetic fixing buckle, 18, a second connecting needle, 19, a connecting groove, 20, a power supply contact, 21, a connecting contact, 22, a battery supporting sheet, 23, an electromagnet, 24, a supporting spring, 25, an iron ring, 26, a limiting block, 27, a tumbler shell, 28, an automobile battery, 29, an outer shell, 30, an inner shell, 31, a heat pipe, 32, a pressure relief opening, 33, a large-radius cambered surface, 34, a small-radius cambered surface, 35, a plane, 36, adhesive, 37, protective paper, 38, a paper-removing iron block, 39, a hair-iron block, Paper uncovering magnet 40, temperature sensor 41 and air pressure sensor.
Detailed Description
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.
The present embodiment provides an electric vehicle battery detonation management system, as shown in fig. 1, the system includes: a main power supply 101, a backup power supply 102, and a power supply controller 111; the main power supply 101 is used for supplying power to the electric automobile, and the standby power supply 102 is used for supplying power to the electric automobile when the main power supply 101 knocks; the main power supply 101 and the backup power supply 102 are both connected to the power supply controller 111.
The main power supply 101 includes a battery unit 103 and a battery mounting board 109 (there may be a plurality of battery units 103 and battery mounting boards 109); the battery unit 103 comprises a power supply battery device 104 and a battery safety device 105; the battery mounting plate 109 includes a battery mounting cavity 110; the battery supply device 104 is disposed in the battery installation cavity 110.
The battery safety device 105 comprises a piezoelectric device 106, a safety device 107 and a firing device 108; the piezoelectric device 106 is connected with the safety device 107 and the burst device 108; the safety device 107 is connected to the power supply controller 111.
The safety device 107 monitors the temperature and the air pressure in the battery installation cavity 110, and sends the temperature value and the air pressure value in the battery installation cavity 110 to the power controller 111; the power controller 111 determines whether the temperature value and the air pressure value exceed set thresholds.
When the temperature value in the battery installation cavity 110 is greater than a first preset temperature threshold value and the air pressure value is greater than a first preset air pressure threshold value, the power controller 111 cuts off the connection between the main power supply 101 and the electric automobile, and the power supply mode of the electric automobile is changed to be that the standby power supply 102 supplies power to the electric automobile.
When the temperature value in the battery installation cavity 110 is greater than a second preset temperature threshold and the air pressure value is greater than a second preset air pressure threshold, the state of the piezoelectric device 106 changes, and the spraying device 108 is triggered to generate an acting force, so that the power supply battery device 104 is separated from the body of the electric vehicle;
the second preset temperature threshold is greater than the first preset temperature threshold, and the second preset air pressure threshold is greater than the first preset air pressure threshold.
The electric automobile battery detonation management system that this embodiment provided has set up main power supply, stand-by power supply and power supply controller, when the main power supply goes wrong, in time breaks off, closes the main power supply through power supply controller, uses stand-by power supply to carry out emergency power supply to electric automobile. The battery unit of the main power supply is provided with a power supply battery device and a battery safety device, the battery safety device monitors the temperature and the air pressure of the main power supply and realizes real-time supervision on a single power supply battery device together with the power supply controller. When one power supply battery device is out of control in temperature to generate deflagration, the power supply battery device of the battery protection device enables the power supply battery which generates deflagration to be separated from the automobile body of the electric automobile, so that other power supply battery devices are prevented from continuing deflagration, and the electric automobile is prevented from being damaged greatly.
As a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a plurality of battery installation cavities 110 are arranged on the battery installation plate 109, the tops of the battery installation cavities 110 are arranged in a closed manner, the power supply battery device is arranged in the battery installation cavity 110, the power supply battery device and the battery installation cavity 110 are arranged coaxially, and the diameter of the power supply battery device is smaller than that of the battery installation cavity 110; the lower end of the battery installation cavity 110 is connected with a detachable battery bottom support 2.
As a preferred embodiment, the battery mounting plate further comprises a hollow temperature control cavity, the temperature control cavity comprises a temperature control device and a temperature control medium, and the temperature control device is connected with the power supply controller; the temperature control device adjusts the temperature of the temperature control medium.
When the temperature value in the battery installation cavity 110 acquired by the power controller is lower than a third preset temperature threshold value, the power controller sends a heating instruction to the temperature control device, and the temperature control device increases the temperature of the temperature control medium; when the temperature value in the battery installation cavity acquired by the power controller is higher than a fourth preset temperature threshold value, the power controller sends a cooling instruction to the temperature control device, and the temperature control device reduces the temperature of the temperature control medium.
As a specific embodiment, the temperature control device includes a heating wire disposed in the temperature control medium and a heat dissipation bar connected to the temperature control medium, the heating wire is used for heating the temperature control medium, and the heat dissipation bar is used for dissipating heat for the temperature control medium.
As a preferred embodiment, the safety device comprises an electronic safety device.
As shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 is a block diagram of the electronic safety device, and the electronic safety device 112 includes a monitoring sensor 114 and a relay control circuit 113; the monitoring sensor 114 and the relay control circuit 113 are both connected with the power supply controller; the monitoring sensors 114 include a temperature sensor 40 and a gas pressure sensor 41.
The relay control circuit is electrically connected with the piezoelectric device and the eruption device to form an ignition circuit, and the relay control circuit is used for controlling the on-off of the ignition circuit.
As shown in fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the relay control circuit and the ignition circuit; the relay control circuit 113 is a typical relay circuit, and the piezoelectric device 106, the eruption device 108 and a relay switch in the relay control circuit 113 are connected in series through a lead to form an ignition circuit 115; the power controller 111 controls the on-off of the relay control circuit 113; the relay control circuit 113 is used for controlling the on-off of the ignition circuit 115, and the relay switch in the relay control circuit 113 should satisfy the following conditions: in the off condition, the high voltage current from the piezoelectric device 106 cannot break the contact of the relay switch, preventing false triggering of the ignitor 108 after mechanical failure.
The monitoring sensor monitors the temperature and the air pressure of the battery installation cavity and sends the monitored temperature value and the monitored air pressure value to the power supply controller; and the power supply controller judges whether the temperature value and the air pressure value exceed preset threshold values.
When the temperature value in the battery installation cavity is larger than a first preset temperature threshold value and the air pressure value is larger than a first preset air pressure threshold value, the power supply controller provides a closing signal for the relay control circuit, the relay control circuit is connected with the ignition circuit, and the power supply battery device is disconnected from supplying power to the electric automobile; and the power controller starts the standby power supply to supply power for the electric automobile.
In a preferred embodiment, the piezoelectric device includes a piezoelectric plate, a connecting rod, a thrust frame, and a piezoelectric igniter.
The piezoelectric plate is arranged on the upper side of the power supply battery device, and the side wall of the piezoelectric plate is not in contact with the inner wall of the battery installation cavity; one surface of the piezoelectric plate, which is opposite to the power supply battery device, is touched with the lower end of the connecting rod; the upper end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the thrust frame; the upper end of the thrust frame is in contact with a piezoelectric igniter, and the piezoelectric igniter is fixed on the inner wall of the battery installation cavity.
When the air pressure value in the battery installation cavity reaches a second preset threshold value, the piezoelectric plate generates displacement and extrudes the thrust frame, the thrust frame extrudes the pressing head of the piezoelectric igniter, the piezoelectric igniter ignites and triggers the spraying device to generate an acting force, so that the power supply battery device is separated from the electric automobile body.
As a preferred embodiment, the piezoelectric device further comprises a high voltage wire and a second wire.
The high-voltage lead and the second lead are both connected with the piezoelectric igniter;
the high-voltage wire is also connected with the safety device, and the safety device is connected with the eruption device; the second lead is also connected with the hair spray device.
The spraying device comprises a spraying bag, and gunpowder is arranged in the spraying bag;
the high-voltage wire and the second wire are both connected in the spraying package, the high-voltage wire is not connected with the second wire, and the high-voltage wire and the second wire can be broken down by a high-voltage electric arc released by the piezoelectric igniter.
After the piezoelectric igniter is ignited, the current generated by the piezoelectric igniter is conducted to the spraying package through the high-voltage lead and the second lead, high-voltage electric arcs are released between the high-voltage lead and the second lead, gunpowder in the spraying package is broken down, an acting force is generated, and the power supply battery device is separated from the electric automobile body.
As a specific example, as shown in fig. 5, the piezoelectric device includes a piezoelectric plate 3, and the battery mounting plate includes a battery mounting cavity 110 and a temperature-controlled cavity 1; the side wall of the piezoelectric plate 3 is not connected with the inner wall of the battery installation cavity 110, the enlarged structure of the part a in fig. 5 is shown in fig. 6, and as shown in fig. 6, the piezoelectric device further comprises a connecting rod 4, a thrust frame 5 and a piezoelectric igniter 6; the upper end of the connecting rod 4 is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the thrust frame 5, and the lower end of the connecting rod 4 is in contact with the upper side surface of the piezoelectric plate 3; the piezoelectric igniter 6 is fixed on the inner wall of the battery installation cavity 110, and the upper part of the thrust frame 5 is contacted with the pressing head 7 on the piezoelectric igniter 6.
As shown in fig. 5, the monitoring sensors include a temperature sensor 40 and a gas pressure sensor 41; the piezoelectric device also comprises a high-voltage lead wire 8 and a second lead wire 9, wherein the high-voltage lead wire 8 and the second lead wire 9 are both connected with the piezoelectric igniter 6 shown in figure 6; the high-voltage lead 8 is connected with a relay switch in the relay control circuit in series and then is connected with the eruption device, and the second lead 9 is directly connected with the eruption device; the eruption device comprises an eruption package 10, and gunpowder is arranged in the eruption package 10; the high-voltage lead 8 and the second lead 9 are both connected in the spraying package 10, the high-voltage lead 8 is not connected with the second lead 9, and the high-voltage arc released by the piezoelectric igniter 6 can break down between the high-voltage lead 8 and the second lead 9.
As a specific example, as shown in fig. 6, one end of the pressing head 7 connected to the thrust frame 5 is an inclined surface 11, the bottom of the thrust frame 5 is horizontally disposed, one side of the upper portion of the thrust frame 5 connected to the pressing head 7 is an inclined end 12, the inclined surface 11 has an inclined direction and an inclined angle respectively the same as those of the inclined end 12, the inclined surface 11 contacts with the inclined end 12, and the bottom of the inclined end 12 is hinged to the bottom of the piezoelectric igniter 6.
As a preferred embodiment, the safety device further comprises a mechanical safety device.
The mechanical safety device comprises a first magnetic needle structure; the first magnetic needle structure is used for limiting the piezoelectric plate.
As shown in fig. 6, the first magnetic pin structure includes a connecting seat 13 and a first electromagnetic fastener 14; the connecting seat 13 is arranged on the inner wall of the battery mounting cavity 110; the first electromagnetic fixing buckle 14 is arranged on the upper side of the connecting seat 13.
A first connecting pin 15 is arranged on the lower side of the piezoelectric plate 3; the first connecting pin 15 is connected with the first electromagnetic fastener 14 in a matching manner.
As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the upper side of the battery shoe 2 is recessed downward to form a battery bracket 16; the mechanical safety device also comprises a second magnetic needle structure; the second magnetic needle structure comprises a second electromagnetic fixing buckle 17 arranged in the battery bracket 16; a connecting groove 19 is formed in the battery base support 2 on the upper side of the second electromagnetic fixing buckle 17 (the structure of the connecting groove 19 is shown in fig. 7), a second connecting pin 18 is arranged at the lower end of the cavity wall of the battery installation cavity 110, and the second connecting pin 18 penetrates through the connecting groove 19 to be connected with the second electromagnetic fixing buckle 17 in a matching mode.
The second magnetic needle structure is used for limiting the battery bottom support 2.
Through the arrangement, static friction force is provided between the battery installation cavity 110 and the connecting groove 19 of the battery tray 2, the static friction force is greater than the gravity of the power supply battery device 104, and the battery installation cavity 110 is not separated from the battery tray 2 when the electric automobile bumps.
As a specific example, the connection structure of the first connection pin 15 and the first electromagnetic fastener 14, and the connection structure of the second connection pin 18 and the second electromagnetic fastener 17 are the same, and the structures of the first electromagnetic fastener 14 and the second electromagnetic fastener 17 are the same.
As shown in fig. 7, the lower ends of the first connecting pin 15 and the second connecting pin 18 are provided with a connecting groove 19, the bottom of the first electromagnetic fixing buckle 14 is provided with an electromagnet 23, a supporting spring 24, an iron ring 25 and a limiting block 26, the lower end of the supporting spring 24 is connected to the upper portion of the electromagnet 23, the iron ring 25 is connected to the upper end of the supporting spring 24, the limiting block 26 is connected to the upper side of the iron ring 25, and the limiting block 26 is connected to the connecting groove 19 in a matching manner.
As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the power supply battery device 104 includes a cylindrical tumbler housing 27 and a car battery 28; the tumbler housing 27 includes an outer housing 29 and an inner housing 30, and the car battery 28 is disposed in the inner housing 30.
When the tumbler shell 27 is transversely placed, the inner shell 30 and the outer shell 29 are attached and fixedly connected at the inclined side; a heat pipe 31 is connected between the inner shell 30 and the outer shell 29; the outer shell 29 and the inner shell 30 are both provided with a pressure relief port 32; when the tumbler casing 27 is transversely and naturally placed, the pressure relief ports 32 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the automobile battery 28, and the pressure relief ports 32 are obliquely and downwards arranged. The pressure relief port is obliquely arranged downwards, so that pressure can be released to two sides simultaneously, and when the battery knocks, flame generated by battery combustion can be sprayed to the ground, and loss is reduced.
As a specific example, in order to better control the temperature of the battery, the heat pipe 31 is a copper pipe, and the inner casing 30 and the outer casing 29 are both made of copper.
As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, one end of the power supply battery device is provided with a power supply contact 20, a connection contact 21 is arranged inside the battery installation cavity, and the power supply contact 20 is in contact connection with the connection contact 21.
The battery support plate 22 is arranged on the upper side surface of the battery support groove 16, one end of the battery support plate 22 is fixedly connected with the battery support groove 16, the other end of the battery support plate 22 is upwards lifted, and the top of the battery support plate 22 is contacted with the power supply battery device 104.
The power supply battery device 104 is pressed upwards by the elastic force of the battery supporting sheet 22, so that the power supply contact 20 and the connecting contact 21 can be closely contacted and electrified, and the required electric energy is provided for the power consumption of the electric automobile.
As a specific example, the automotive battery 28 includes electrodes that are connected to the power supply contacts 20.
In a preferred embodiment, the tumbler housing 27 has a cylindrical structure; the schematic plan view of the power supply battery device is shown in fig. 9, and the sectional schematic view of part B in the figure is shown in fig. 10; as shown in fig. 10, the outer shell 29 includes a large radius arc 33, a small radius arc 34, and a flat surface 35; the two end faces of the outer shell 29 are dome-shaped, when the tumbler shell 27 is transversely placed, the large-radius arc face 33 is arranged on the upper side of the small-radius arc face 34, and the plane 35 is arranged at the bottom of the tumbler shell 27.
An adhesive 36 is disposed on the plane 35, as shown in fig. 11, fig. 11 is a schematic position diagram of the adhesive structure in the present system; fig. 12 is a partial enlarged view of a portion C in the figure, and as shown in fig. 12, a removable protective paper 37 is disposed outside the adhesive 36, a paper-removing iron block 38 is disposed on the protective paper 37, and a paper-removing magnet 39 is disposed in the battery installation cavity corresponding to the paper-removing iron block 38.
When the tumbler housing 27 is vertically placed in the battery installation cavity, the paper-uncovering iron block 38 is positioned on the lower side of the protective paper 37.
The power supply battery device can be guaranteed through the specially designed tumbler casing that the power supply battery device can not move in a large range on the ground after falling to the ground, and the pressure relief opening is obliquely arranged downwards, so that the pressure can be released to two sides simultaneously, and when the battery deflagrates, the flame generated by battery combustion can be sprayed to the ground, and the loss is reduced.
The working principle of the system of the embodiment is as follows: presetting a temperature critical value (a first preset temperature threshold value) T1, a temperature upper limit value (a second preset temperature threshold value) T2, an air pressure critical value P1 (a first preset air pressure threshold value), an air pressure upper limit value P2 (a second preset air pressure threshold value), a third preset temperature threshold value T3 and a fourth preset temperature threshold value T4 in the power supply controller; wherein, T3< T4< T1< T2, P1< P2; when the temperature in the battery installation cavity 110 reaches T1 and the gas pressure reaches P1, it represents that the power supply battery device 104 has generated combustion; when the temperature in the battery installation chamber 110 reaches T2 and the gas pressure reaches P2, it indicates that the gas pressure caused by the combustion of the power supply battery device 104 reaches a level capable of pushing the piezoelectric plate 3 to press the piezoelectric igniter 6.
The working principle of the system of the embodiment is as follows: the temperature sensor 40 and the air pressure sensor 41 in the battery installation cavity 110 are used for monitoring the temperature near the power supply battery device 104 in real time, monitored temperature and air pressure information are sent to the power supply controller, and when the temperature value is lower than T3, the temperature of a temperature control medium is increased through a temperature control device; when the temperature value is higher than T4, the temperature control device reduces the temperature of the temperature control medium. Through above-mentioned technical scheme come to prevent that power supply battery device from overheating partially in the use, or the battery temperature that leads to because of environmental problem is too low, improve the availability factor and the security performance of battery.
The system executes the following operation flow of the battery safety device, and the operation flow chart when the battery safety device is triggered is shown in fig. 13, which includes:
step S1, the power controller receives the temperature value and the air pressure value of the battery installation cavity;
step S2, the power controller determines whether the temperature value rises and exceeds a first preset temperature threshold T1 and whether the air pressure value is greater than a first preset air pressure threshold P1; if yes, the step S3 is carried out, and if not, the step S1 is carried out to continue to acquire the temperature and air pressure values;
step S3, the temperature and the air pressure in the battery installation chamber 110 reach T1 and P1, and the air pressure on the lower side of the piezoelectric plate 3 increases; the power supply controller is used for electrifying the electromagnet 23, the electromagnet 23 attracts the iron ring 25, the first connecting needle 15 and the second connecting needle 18 are both released, meanwhile, the standby power supply is started, the automobile is powered by the standby power supply, and the main power supply is disconnected; after the electromagnet 23 is electrified, the power supply controller provides a closing signal for the relay control circuit, a relay switch in the relay control circuit is closed and then switched on, the high-voltage lead 8 is switched into the eruption package, and the ignition circuit is ready;
step S4, the power controller continues to receive the temperature value and the air pressure value of the battery installation cavity;
step S5, the power controller determines whether the temperature value rises and exceeds a second preset temperature threshold T2 and whether the air pressure value is greater than a second preset air pressure threshold P2; if yes, the step S6 is carried out, and if not, the step S4 is carried out to continue to acquire the temperature and air pressure values;
step S6, when the temperature and the gas pressure in the battery installation cavity 110 reach T2 and P2, the piezoelectric plate 3 rises under the action of air pressure, the piezoelectric plate 3 extrudes the thrust frame 5, the thrust frame 5 extrudes the pressing head 7, the piezoelectric igniter 6 ignites, the current generated in the piezoelectric igniter 6 is transmitted to the eruption package 10 through the high-voltage lead 8 and the second lead 9, the high-voltage arc is released between the high-voltage lead 8 and the second lead 9, the high-voltage arc breaks through gunpowder in the eruption package 10, and the eruption device is triggered; the explosion device explodes, and the exploded airflow impacts all the components in the battery installation cavity 110 downwards, so that the power supply battery device 104 is ejected out of the battery installation cavity 110 and is separated from the electric automobile body.
When the power supply battery device 104 leaves the battery installation cavity 110, the paper uncovering magnet 39 connects the protective paper 37 to the adhesive 36, the tumbler casing 27 can ensure that the plane 35 of the power supply battery device 104 is grounded, the power supply battery device 104 is adhered to the ground (when the ground conditions allow), after the battery is burnt, gas and flame are discharged from the pressure relief opening 32, the flame is sprayed to the ground, and the loss is reduced.
The invention provides a battery detonation management system of an electric automobile, which is provided with a main power supply and a standby power supply. The battery unit of the main power supply is provided with a power supply battery device and a battery safety device, the battery safety device monitors the temperature and the air pressure of the main power supply and realizes real-time supervision on a single power supply battery device together with the power supply controller. When one power supply battery device is out of control in temperature to generate deflagration, the power supply battery device of the battery protection device enables the power supply battery which generates deflagration to be separated from the automobile body of the electric automobile, so that other power supply battery devices are prevented from continuing deflagration, and the electric automobile is prevented from being damaged greatly. The power supply battery device can be prevented from moving on the ground in a large range after falling to the ground through the specially designed tumbler shell, flame generated by battery combustion is sprayed to the ground, and loss is reduced.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an electric automobile battery detonation management system, sets up in the electric automobile body, its characterized in that includes: the power supply comprises a main power supply, a standby power supply and a power supply controller; the main power supply is used for supplying power to the electric automobile, and the standby power supply is used for supplying power to the electric automobile when the main power supply is subjected to deflagration; the main power supply and the standby power supply are both connected with the power supply controller;
the main power supply comprises a battery unit and a battery mounting plate; the battery unit comprises a power supply battery device and a battery safety device; the battery mounting plate comprises a battery mounting cavity; the power supply battery device is arranged in the battery installation cavity;
the battery safety device comprises a piezoelectric device, a safety device and a spraying device; the piezoelectric device is connected with the safety device and the eruption device; the safety device is connected with the power supply controller;
the safety device monitors the temperature and the air pressure in the battery installation cavity and sends the temperature value and the air pressure value in the battery installation cavity to the power supply controller; the power supply controller judges whether the temperature value and the air pressure value exceed set thresholds or not;
when the temperature value in the battery installation cavity is larger than a first preset temperature threshold value and the air pressure value is larger than a first preset air pressure threshold value, the power supply controller cuts off the connection between the main power supply and the electric automobile, and the power supply mode of the electric automobile is changed into the power supply mode of the standby power supply to supply power to the electric automobile;
when the temperature value in the battery installation cavity is greater than a second preset temperature threshold value and the air pressure value is greater than a second preset air pressure threshold value, the piezoelectric device changes state and triggers the spraying device to generate an acting force, so that the power supply battery device is separated from the body of the electric automobile;
the second preset temperature threshold is greater than the first preset temperature threshold, and the second preset air pressure threshold is greater than the first preset air pressure threshold.
2. The detonation management system for the battery of the electric automobile according to claim 1, wherein the battery mounting plate further comprises a temperature control cavity, and the temperature control cavity comprises a temperature control device and a temperature control medium; the temperature control device is connected with the power supply controller; the temperature control device is used for adjusting the temperature of the temperature control medium;
when the temperature value in the battery installation cavity acquired by the power controller is lower than a third preset temperature threshold value, the power controller sends a heating instruction to the temperature control device, and the temperature control device increases the temperature of the temperature control medium; when the temperature value in the battery installation cavity acquired by the power controller is higher than a fourth preset temperature threshold value, the power controller sends a cooling instruction to the temperature control device, and the temperature control device reduces the temperature of the temperature control medium.
3. The detonation management system for the battery of the electric vehicle as recited in claim 1, wherein the safety device comprises an electronic safety device;
the electronic safety device comprises a monitoring sensor and a relay control circuit; the monitoring sensor and the relay control circuit are both connected with the power supply controller;
the relay control circuit is electrically connected with the piezoelectric device and the eruption device to form an ignition circuit, and the relay control circuit is used for controlling the on-off of the ignition circuit;
the monitoring sensor monitors the temperature and the air pressure of the battery installation cavity and sends the monitored temperature value and the monitored air pressure value to the power supply controller; the power supply controller judges whether the temperature value and the air pressure value exceed preset threshold values or not;
when the temperature value in the battery installation cavity is larger than a first preset temperature threshold value and the air pressure value is larger than a first preset air pressure threshold value, the power supply controller provides a closing signal for the relay control circuit, the relay control circuit is connected with the ignition circuit, and the power supply battery device is disconnected from supplying power to the electric automobile; and the power controller starts the standby power supply to supply power for the electric automobile.
4. The electric vehicle battery detonation management system of claim 3, wherein the piezoelectric device comprises a piezoelectric plate, a connecting rod, a thrust frame and a piezoelectric igniter;
the piezoelectric plate is arranged on the upper side of the power supply battery device, and the side wall of the piezoelectric plate is not in contact with the inner wall of the battery installation cavity; one surface of the piezoelectric plate, which is opposite to the power supply battery device, is touched with the lower end of the connecting rod; the upper end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the thrust frame; the upper end of the thrust frame is in contact with a piezoelectric igniter, and the piezoelectric igniter is fixed on the inner wall of the battery installation cavity;
when the air pressure value in the battery installation cavity reaches a second preset threshold value, the piezoelectric plate generates displacement and extrudes the thrust frame, the thrust frame extrudes the pressing head of the piezoelectric igniter, the piezoelectric igniter ignites and triggers the spraying device to generate an acting force, so that the power supply battery device is separated from the electric automobile body.
5. The detonation management system for the battery of the electric automobile according to claim 4, wherein the piezoelectric device further comprises a high-voltage lead and a second lead;
the high-voltage lead and the second lead are both connected with the piezoelectric igniter;
the high-voltage wire is also connected with the safety device, and the safety device is connected with the eruption device; the second lead is also connected with the eruption device;
the spraying device comprises a spraying bag, and gunpowder is arranged in the spraying bag;
the high-voltage wire and the second wire are both connected in the spraying package, the high-voltage wire is not connected with the second wire, and the high-voltage wire and the second wire can be broken down by a high-voltage electric arc released by the piezoelectric igniter;
after the piezoelectric igniter is ignited, the current generated by the piezoelectric igniter is conducted to the spraying package through the high-voltage lead and the second lead, high-voltage electric arcs are released between the high-voltage lead and the second lead, gunpowder in the spraying package is broken down, an acting force is generated, and the power supply battery device is separated from the electric automobile body.
6. The detonation management system for the battery of the electric vehicle as recited in claim 4, wherein the safety device further comprises a mechanical safety device;
the mechanical safety device comprises a first magnetic needle structure; the first magnetic needle structure is used for limiting the piezoelectric plate;
the first magnetic needle structure comprises a connecting seat and a first electromagnetic fixing buckle; the connecting seat is arranged on the inner wall of the battery mounting cavity; the first electromagnetic fixing buckle is arranged on the upper side of the connecting seat;
a first connecting needle is arranged on the lower side of the piezoelectric plate; the first connecting pin is connected with the first electromagnetic fixing buckle in a matching mode.
7. The detonation management system for the battery of the electric automobile as claimed in claim 6, wherein a battery tray is connected to the lower end of the battery mounting cavity, and a battery bracket is formed by downward sinking of the upper side of the battery tray;
the mechanical safety device also comprises a second magnetic needle structure; the second magnetic needle structure comprises a second electromagnetic fixing buckle arranged in the battery bracket, a connecting groove is formed in a battery base on the upper side of the second electromagnetic fixing buckle, a second connecting needle is arranged at the lower end of the cavity wall of the battery installation cavity, and the second connecting needle penetrates through the connecting groove to be connected with the second electromagnetic fixing buckle in a matched mode;
the second magnetic needle structure is used for limiting the battery bottom support.
8. The electric vehicle battery detonation management system according to claim 1, wherein the power supply battery device comprises a tumbler housing and a vehicle battery; the tumbler shell comprises an outer shell and an inner shell, and the automobile battery is arranged in the inner shell;
when the tumbler shell is transversely placed, the inner shell and the outer shell are attached and fixedly connected at the inclined side; a heat pipe is connected between the inner shell and the outer shell; the outer shell and the inner shell are both provided with pressure relief ports; when the tumbler shell is transversely and naturally placed, the pressure relief ports are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the automobile battery, and the pressure relief ports are obliquely and downwards arranged.
9. The detonation management system for the battery of the electric vehicle according to claim 8,
the tumbler shell is of a columnar structure; the outer shell comprises a large-radius cambered surface, a small-radius cambered surface and a plane; the two end faces of the outer shell are dome-shaped, when the tumbler shell is transversely placed, the large-radius arc face is arranged on the upper side of the small-radius arc face, and the plane is arranged at the bottom of the tumbler shell;
the plane is provided with viscose, removable protective paper is arranged outside the viscose, a paper-removing iron block is arranged on the protective paper, and a paper-removing magnet is arranged in the battery installation cavity corresponding to the paper-removing iron block;
when the tumbler shell is vertically placed in the battery installation cavity, the paper-uncovering iron block is positioned on the lower side of the protection paper.
10. The detonation management system for the battery of the electric automobile according to claim 7, characterized in that one end of the power supply battery device is provided with a power supply contact, a connecting contact is arranged inside the battery installation cavity, and the power supply contact is in contact connection with the connecting contact;
the battery bracket is characterized in that a battery supporting sheet is arranged on the upper side face of the battery bracket, one end of the battery supporting sheet is fixedly connected with the battery bracket, the other end of the battery supporting sheet is upwards lifted, and the top of the battery supporting sheet is contacted with the power supply battery device.
CN202210140026.0A 2022-02-16 2022-02-16 Detonation management system for batteries of electric vehicles Active CN114194066B (en)

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CN118137057A (en) * 2024-05-07 2024-06-04 中建五局第三建设(深圳)有限公司 Explosion-proof battery unit and new energy automobile battery pack thereof
CN118137057B (en) * 2024-05-07 2024-07-02 中建五局第三建设(深圳)有限公司 Explosion-proof battery unit and new energy automobile battery pack thereof

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