CN114192919B - Vacuum brazing device for aviation parts - Google Patents
Vacuum brazing device for aviation parts Download PDFInfo
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- CN114192919B CN114192919B CN202111467394.8A CN202111467394A CN114192919B CN 114192919 B CN114192919 B CN 114192919B CN 202111467394 A CN202111467394 A CN 202111467394A CN 114192919 B CN114192919 B CN 114192919B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
- B23K3/08—Auxiliary devices therefor
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Abstract
The invention provides a vacuum brazing device for aviation parts, which comprises an operation platform; the operation platform is provided with a welding work position, a quartz cover covers the welding work position, the quartz cover and the operation platform are in sealing fit to form a sealed space, and a workpiece is placed in the sealed space; a molecular pump is arranged below the operation platform and corresponds to the welding work position; the mechanical pump is connected with the molecular pump, a through hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the welding working position, of the operating platform, and the molecular pump is communicated with the sealing space through the through hole in the welding working position; the operating platform is also provided with a lifting plate, and the lifting plate is fixed with an induction heater. The vacuum brazing device for the aviation parts can obviously improve the corrosion resistance of products; the yield of the product is improved, and a firm and clean working surface is obtained. The vacuum brazing device can ensure that the whole workpiece is uniformly heated, has small thermal stress, can realize allowance-free processing and precise brazing, and improves the brazing efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vacuum brazing, and particularly relates to a vacuum brazing device for an aviation part.
Background
Vacuum brazing means that workpieces are welded in a vacuum chamber and is mainly used for welding products with high quality requirements and easily-oxidized materials. A vacuum system may be coupled to the workpiece such that the pressure inside the workpiece is less than atmospheric pressure during the brazing process. Vacuum brazing technology has become a promising welding technology since the forty years. The first advent of brazed copper and stainless steel parts in the electronics industry, and later in the aerospace and nuclear industries. At present, the brazing method is widely applied to plate-fin heat exchangers and coolers in industrial departments such as air separation equipment, petrochemical equipment, engineering machinery, vehicles, ships, household appliances and the like, and vacuum brazing is also a main brazing technology in manufacturing of aircraft engines. Vacuum brazing technology has been rapidly developed and widely used in industrially developed countries of the world due to its incomparable advantages.
The brazing belongs to solid phase connection, the base metal is not melted during brazing, and the brazing filler metal with the melting temperature lower than that of the base metal is adopted, so that the heating temperature is a connection method with the temperature lower than the solidus line of the base metal and higher than the liquidus line of the brazing filler metal. When the connected parts and the brazing filler metal are heated to be molten, the liquid brazing filler metal is wetted on the surface of the base metal, spread and mutually dissolved and diffused with the base metal, and wetted in the gap of the base metal, flows in a capillary way, filled and mutually dissolved and diffused with the base metal, so that the parts are connected.
The principle of vacuum brazing is similar to that of ordinary brazing, except that the whole welding process is carried out in a vacuum atmosphere. The method for removing the surface oxide film is also quite different, the common brazing method removes the oxide film by means of a flux or a medium gas, and the vacuum brazing method removes the oxide film by means of a different action mechanism in a vacuum environment. The vacuum brazing device in the prior art has the problems of low machining precision and complex operation.
Therefore, there is a need to provide an improved solution to the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vacuum brazing device for aviation parts, which at least solves the problems of low machining precision, complex operation and the like of the conventional vacuum brazing device.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a vacuum brazing device for aviation parts comprises an operation platform;
the operation platform is provided with a welding work position, a quartz cover covers the welding work position, the quartz cover and the operation platform are in sealing fit to form a sealed space, and a workpiece is placed in the sealed space;
a molecular pump is arranged below the operating platform and corresponds to the welding working position;
the vacuum brazing device further comprises a mechanical pump, the mechanical pump is connected with the molecular pump, a through hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the welding work position, of the operation platform, and the molecular pump is communicated with the sealed space through the through hole in the welding work position;
the operating platform is also provided with a lifting plate, an induction heater is fixed on the lifting plate, and the induction heater is used for heating the workpiece and the brazing filler metal to perform vacuum brazing;
when the lifting plate is located at the lowest position of the moving stroke, the induction heater and the quartz cover are located at the same height, and the induction heater is located on the periphery of the quartz cover; when the lifting plate is located at the highest position of the moving stroke, the induction heater is higher than the quartz cover.
In the vacuum brazing device for aviation parts, preferably, a fixed cooling disc is arranged between the operating platforms of the quartz cover, a through hole is formed in the center of the fixed cooling disc, and the through hole in the fixed cooling disc is communicated with the sealed space;
an outward-turned flange edge is arranged at the opening of the quartz cover and is in contact with the upper surface of the fixed cooling disc; a plurality of clamping blocks are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the fixed cooling disc on the operating platform, and the flange edges are tightly pressed on the upper surface of the fixed cooling disc by the clamping blocks so that the fixed cooling disc, the flange edges and the operating platform are in sealing contact;
preferably, a sealing rubber ring is arranged between the flange edge and the fixed cooling disc;
preferably, a cooling pipeline is arranged in the fixed cooling disc, and two ends of the cooling pipeline extend out of the outer peripheral surface of the fixed cooling disc to form a water inlet nozzle and a water outlet nozzle respectively.
In the vacuum brazing device for aviation parts, preferably, the quartz cover comprises an equal-diameter part and a reduced-diameter part, the cross section of each part of the quartz cover is a circular ring, and the cylindrical reduced-diameter part with the hollow equal-diameter part is a half hollow sphere;
the induction heater is in a ring shape, the inner diameter of the induction heater is larger than the cylindrical outer diameter of the quartz cover, and the axial dimension of the induction heater is larger than the height of the workpiece placed in the sealed space and smaller than the axial height of the quartz cover;
a workpiece table is arranged on the fixed cooling disc inside the quartz cover, and a workpiece is placed on the workpiece table to increase the placing height of the workpiece;
the molybdenum cover covers the workpiece table and covers the workpiece on the workpiece table;
preferably, the workpiece table is made of zirconia.
In the vacuum brazing device for aviation parts, preferably, a coaxial transformer is further fixed on the lifting plate, the coaxial transformer is electrically connected with the induction heater, the vacuum brazing device further comprises an induction power supply, the induction power supply is electrically connected with the coaxial transformer, and the coaxial transformer is used for supplying power supplied by the induction power supply to the induction heater after transformation;
preferably, the lifting plate is further provided with a first support and a second support, the first support is provided with a plurality of temperature measuring instruments, the temperature measuring instruments are used for monitoring the temperature of the workpiece, the second support is provided with a camera, and the camera is used for the vacuum welding state of the workpiece.
The vacuum brazing device for aviation parts as described above preferably further includes a lifting system for driving the lifting plate to perform lifting movement.
The vacuum brazing device for the aviation parts comprises a lifting cylinder, a lifting seat, a lifting nut, a screw rod, a turbine lifter and a motor, wherein the lifting system comprises a lifting cylinder, a lifting seat, a lifting nut, a screw rod, a turbine lifter and a motor; the motor and the turbine lifter are arranged below the operating platform, the output end of the motor is in transmission connection with the input end of the turbine lifter, the screw rod is the output end of the turbine lifter, and the motor drives the turbine lifter to drive the screw rod to rotate;
the lifting nut is screwed on the screw rod in a threaded manner, the lifting cylinder is hollow and cylindrical, the lifting cylinder is sleeved on the screw rod, and the lower end of the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected with the lifting nut;
the lifting seat is in a ring shape and is arranged on the operating platform, the lifting seat is sleeved on the periphery of the lifting cylinder and used for playing a role in guiding the lifting cylinder when the lifting cylinder moves up and down, and the lifting cylinder penetrates through the operating platform.
In the vacuum brazing device for aviation parts, preferably, the lifting cylinder comprises a cylindrical main body and a cuboid, one surface of the cuboid is an arc surface, the arc surface of the cuboid is arranged close to the cylindrical main body, and the cuboid is a rotation stopping part arranged on the lifting cylinder along the axial direction;
the shape of the inner ring of the lifting seat is the same as the radial section of the lifting cylinder, so that the rotation stopping part of the lifting cylinder is matched with the groove in the inner ring of the lifting seat in a stopping way; when the screw rod rotates, the rotation stopping part prevents the lifting cylinder and the lifting nut from rotating, so that the lifting nut drives the lifting cylinder to perform lifting motion.
According to the vacuum brazing device for the aviation parts, preferably, a transition pipe is connected between the molecular pump and the fixed cooling disc, a first branch and a second branch are connected to the transition pipe, and both the first branch and the second branch are connected to a gas solenoid valve;
one of the first branch and the second branch is sequentially connected with an argon gas flowmeter and an argon gas bottle, and the other branch is used as a standby branch.
The vacuum brazing device for the aviation parts preferably further comprises a controller, the controller is electrically connected with the temperature measuring instrument, the induction power supply, the temperature measuring instrument and the motor, and the controller is used for controlling and detecting equipment.
As above vacuum brazing device for aviation parts, preferably, the vacuum brazing device further comprises a water inlet collector and a water outlet collector, the fixed cooling plate, the induction heater and the coaxial transformer are all provided with cooling water paths, inlets of a plurality of cooling water paths are communicated with the water inlet collector, and outlets of a plurality of cooling water paths are communicated with the water outlet collector.
Has the advantages that: the vacuum brazing device for the aviation parts does not have the phenomena of oxidation, carburetion, decarburization, pollution, deterioration and the like, and the brazing seam is attractive in forming; the corrosion resistance of the product is obviously improved. And the vacuum degree in the quartz cover is high, the influence of impurities is avoided, the wettability and the fluidity of the brazing filler metal are good, the yield of products is improved, and a firm and clean working surface is obtained. The vacuum brazing device can ensure that the whole workpiece is uniformly heated, has small thermal stress, can realize allowance-free processing and precise brazing, and improves the brazing efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a vacuum brazing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the upper portion of the operation platform according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a stationary cooling plate and a quartz cover in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a workpiece stage according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional schematic view of an elevator system in the vacuum brazing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the underside of the operation platform according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an exploded view of a mechanical pump, a molecular pump, a stationary cooling plate and a quartz cover in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. an inductive power supply; 2. an equipment box; 3. a control screen; 4. a controller; 5. an operating platform; 6. a lifting plate; 7. a first bracket; 71. a first temperature measuring instrument; 72. a second temperature measuring instrument; 8. a second bracket; 81. a camera; 9. fixing a cooling disc; 91. a water inlet nozzle; 92. a water outlet nozzle; 10. an induction heater; 11. a clamping block; 12. a quartz cover; 13. a workpiece stage; 14. a molybdenum shield; 15. a coaxial transformer; 151. a liquid inlet; 152. a liquid outlet; 16. a lifting cylinder; 17. a lifting seat; 18. a lifting nut; 19. a screw rod; 20. a displacement sensor support; 21. a molecular pump; 22. a mechanical pump; 23. an argon gas flow meter; 24. a turbine lift; 25. a motor; 26. a water intake collector; 27. a water outlet collector; 28. a first branch; 29. a second branch; 30. a transition duct; 31. an argon bottle.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived from the embodiments of the present invention by a person skilled in the art, are within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience of description of the present invention and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The terms "connected" and "connected" as used herein are intended to be broadly construed, and may include, for example, fixed connections and removable connections; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intermediate members, and specific meanings of the above terms will be understood by those skilled in the art as appropriate.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present invention provides a vacuum brazing apparatus for aerospace parts, comprising an operation platform 5; a welding working position is arranged on the operating platform 5, a quartz cover 12 covers the welding working position, the quartz cover 12 and the operating platform 5 are in sealing fit to form a sealed space, and a workpiece to be welded is placed in the sealed space; a molecular pump 21 is arranged below the operation platform 5 corresponding to the welding position, the vacuum brazing device further comprises a mechanical pump 22, the mechanical pump 22 is connected with the molecular pump 21, a through hole is formed in the operation platform 5 corresponding to the welding position, the molecular pump 21 is communicated with a space (namely a sealed space) between the quartz cover 12 above the welding position and an operation plane through the through hole in the welding position, and the mechanical pump 22 is started firstly, and then the molecular pump 21 is started to finish the vacuumizing of the sealed space after the vacuumizing meets the process requirement; the operating platform 5 is also provided with a lifting plate 6, an induction heater 10 is fixed on the lifting plate 6, and the induction heater 10 is used for heating a workpiece and brazing filler metal for vacuum brazing; when the lifting plate 6 drives the induction heater 10 to descend to the lowest position (namely, the lowest position of the lifting stroke), the induction heater 10 and the quartz cover 12 are at the same height, and the induction heater 10 is positioned at the periphery of the quartz cover 12; when the lifting plate 6 drives the induction heater 10 to rise to the highest position (namely, the highest position of the lifting stroke), the induction heater 10 is higher than the quartz cover 12.
A fixed cooling disc 9 is arranged between the operation platforms 5 of the quartz cover 12, a through hole is formed in the center of the fixed cooling disc 9, the fixed cooling disc 9 is placed on the operation platforms 5, and the through hole in the fixed cooling disc 9 is communicated with the sealed space.
A horizontally outward-turned flange edge is arranged at the port part of the quartz cover 12 and is contacted with the upper surface of the fixed cooling disc 9; in this embodiment, a sealed space is enclosed between the fixed cooling plate 9 and the quartz cover 12, a plurality of clamping blocks 11 are uniformly distributed on the operating platform 5 at the periphery of the fixed cooling plate 9, and the flange edges are pressed on the upper surface of the fixed cooling plate 9 by the clamping blocks 11, so that the fixed cooling plate 9, the flange edges and the operating platform 5 are in sealed contact.
In the embodiment, a sealing rubber ring is arranged between the flange edge and the fixed cooling disc 9; thereby ensuring a good sealed space within the quartz envelope 12.
A cooling pipeline is arranged in the fixed cooling disc 9, two ends of the cooling pipeline extend out of the outer peripheral surface of the fixed cooling disc 9, and a water inlet nozzle 91 and a water outlet nozzle 92 are respectively connected to two ends of the cooling pipeline; the water inlet nozzle 91 and the water outlet nozzle 92 extend out of the operating platform, so that the water inlet nozzle and the water outlet nozzle are conveniently connected with an external cooling water path.
The quartz cover 12 comprises an equal-diameter part and a reducing part, the cross section of each part of the quartz cover 12 is a circular ring, and the equal-diameter part is a hollow cylindrical reducing part which is a half hollow sphere; that is, in the present embodiment, the quartz cover 12 is connected to the flange edge in a cylindrical shape, and the upper part of the cylindrical shape is a hemisphere shape; the induction heater 10 is in a ring shape, the inner diameter of the induction heater 10 is larger than the cylindrical outer diameter of the quartz cover 12, and the axial dimension of the induction heater 10 is larger than the height of a workpiece placed in the sealed space and smaller than the axial height of the quartz cover 12.
Inside the quartz cover 12, a workpiece table 13 is arranged on the fixed cooling disc 9, and the workpiece table 13 is used for erecting the workpiece so as to raise the placing height of the workpiece, so that the workpiece is conveniently positioned in the middle position of the quartz cover 12 in the vertical direction. The molybdenum cover 14 is covered on the workpiece table 13, the molybdenum cover 14 is annular, and the annular molybdenum cover 14 covers the workpiece on the workpiece table 13 inside. This arrangement facilitates the induction heater 10 to cover the height range of the workpiece, and more effectively heat the workpiece.
The material of the stage 13 is zirconia. The zirconia material is high temperature resistant and can be suitable for the environment of vacuum brazing. The material of molybdenum cover 14 is molybdenum, and molybdenum's metal melting point is very high, is far above work piece and brazing filler metal, and molybdenum cover 14 not only can avoid the brazing filler metal to fuse the outflow, and molybdenum cover 14 is the metal material moreover, under induction heater 10's heating, can the rapid heating, can play thermal radiating effect to work piece and brazing filler metal, and molybdenum cover 14 still has heat retaining effect simultaneously.
The lifting plate 6 is further fixed with a coaxial transformer 15, the coaxial transformer 15 is electrically connected with the induction heater 10, the vacuum brazing device further comprises an induction power supply 1, the induction power supply 1 is electrically connected with the coaxial transformer 15, and the coaxial transformer 15 is used for supplying power of the induction power supply 1 to the induction heater 10 for use after transformation.
In this embodiment, the lifting plate 6 is further provided with a first bracket 7 and a second bracket 8, the first bracket 7 is provided with a plurality of thermometers, the thermometers are used for monitoring the temperature of the workpiece, and the thermometers include a first thermometer 71 and a second thermometer 72; the second bracket 8 is provided with a camera 81, and the camera 81 is used for the vacuum welding state of the workpiece.
In this embodiment, a cooling water path is disposed in the coaxial transformer 15, and two ends of the cooling water path respectively extend out of the coaxial transformer 15 to form a liquid inlet 151 and a liquid outlet 152. The induction heater is provided with a cooling water channel, the cooling water channel in the induction heater is communicated with the cooling water channel in the coaxial transformer, and the induction heater and the cooling water channel work synchronously, so that the induction heater and the coaxial transformer can synchronously radiate heat, and further, the stable operation of equipment can be ensured.
The vacuum welding apparatus further comprises a lifting system for driving the lifting plate 6 to perform a lifting movement. In the embodiment, the lifting system comprises a lifting cylinder 16, a lifting seat 17, a lifting nut 18, a screw rod 19, a turbine lifter 24 and a motor 25; the motor 25 and the turbine lifter 24 are arranged below the operating platform 5, the output end of the motor 25 is in transmission connection with the input end of the turbine lifter 24, the screw rod 19 is the output end of the turbine lifter 24, and the motor 25 drives the turbine lifter 24 to drive the screw rod 19 to rotate; the lifting nut 18 is screwed on the screw rod 19 in a threaded manner, the lifting cylinder 16 is hollow and cylindrical, the lifting cylinder 16 is sleeved on the screw rod 19, and the lower end of the lifting cylinder 16 is fixedly connected with the lifting nut 18; the lifting seat 17 is annular, the lifting seat 17 is arranged on the operating platform 5, the lifting seat 17 is sleeved on the periphery of the lifting cylinder 16 and used for playing a role in guiding the lifting cylinder 16 when moving up and down, and the lifting cylinder 16 penetrates through the operating platform 5.
In the embodiment, a displacement sensor bracket 20 is arranged on one side of the screw rod 19, the displacement sensor bracket 20 is parallel to the screw rod 19, a displacement sensor is arranged on the displacement sensor bracket 20 and used for detecting the position of the lifting nut 18, when the lifting nut 18 is arranged at the top end of the screw rod 19, the induction heater 10 is positioned above the quartz cover 12, and a workpiece can be taken and placed on the workpiece table 13; when the lifting nut 18 is positioned at the bottom end of the screw rod 19, the induction heater 10 is covered around the quartz cover 12, and the induction heater 10 is in a working state at the moment, so that the workpiece can be subjected to vacuum brazing heating.
The lifting cylinder 16 comprises a cylindrical main body and a cuboid, one surface of the cuboid is an arc surface, the arc surface of the cuboid is arranged close to the cylindrical main body, and the cuboid is a rotation stopping part arranged on the lifting cylinder 16 along the axial direction; the shape of the inner ring of the lifting seat 17 is the same as the radial section of the lifting cylinder 16, so that the rotation stopping part of the lifting cylinder 16 is matched with the groove in the inner ring of the lifting seat 17 in a stopping way; when the screw rod 19 rotates, the rotation stopping part prevents the lifting cylinder 16 and the lifting nut 18 from rotating, so that the lifting nut 18 drives the lifting cylinder 16 to move up and down.
A transition pipe 30 is connected between the molecular pump 21 and the fixed cooling disc 9, a first branch 28 and a second branch 29 are connected on the transition pipe 30, and the first branch 28 and the second branch 29 are both connected with a gas electromagnetic valve; one of the first branch 28 and the second branch 29 is connected with the argon gas flowmeter 23 and the argon gas bottle 31 in sequence, and the other branch is used as a spare branch.
In this embodiment, after the quartz cover 12 is vacuumized, the gas solenoid valve on the second branch 29 is opened, and the sealing space in the quartz cover 12 is in a negative pressure state, so that argon in the argon bottle 31 enters the quartz cover 12, the workpiece is ensured to be welded in an argon range, and the argon is inert gas, so that the workpiece can be ensured to be welded with better quality.
In other embodiments, the fixed cooling plate 9 and the transition pipe 30 are integrally formed, which not only can ensure the sealing performance between the fixed cooling plate 9 and the transition pipe 30, but also can ensure the structural strength between the fixed cooling plate 9 and the transition pipe 30.
The vacuum welding device further comprises a controller 4, the controller 4 is electrically connected with the temperature measuring instrument, the induction power supply 1, the temperature measuring instrument and the motor 25, and the controller 4 is used for controlling and detecting equipment.
In this embodiment, controller 4 is connected with control screen 3, and control screen 3 hangs the case through the cantilever and connects in one side of controller 4, and the cantilever hangs the setting of the control screen 3 of being convenient for more of case, is convenient for operate and observe more, can observe the running state of each equipment through control screen 3.
The vacuum welding device further comprises a water inlet collector 26 and a water outlet collector 27, cooling water paths are arranged in the fixed cooling plate 9, the induction heater 10 and the coaxial transformer 15, inlets of the cooling water paths are communicated with the water inlet collector 26, and outlets of the cooling water paths are communicated with the water outlet collector 27. The cooling water path is arranged to timely dissipate heat of each device, and normal operation of the vacuum welding device is guaranteed.
In this embodiment, the equipment box 2 is arranged below the operation platform 5, and the lifting system, the molecular pump 21, the mechanical pump 22, the argon gas flowmeter 23, the inlet water collector 26 and the outlet water collector 27 are all arranged in the equipment box 2, so that the vacuum brazing device has a higher integration setting, the volume of the vacuum brazing device is convenient to reduce, and the vacuum brazing device is convenient to move and use.
When the vacuum welding device is used, the mechanical pump 22 and the molecular pump 21 are closed, so that the sealed space in the quartz cover 12 is the same as the outside, and the balance between the air pressure in the sealed space and the outside air pressure is ensured, thereby being convenient for taking down the quartz cover 12. Then the motor 25 drives the lifting cylinder 16 to ascend, so that the lifting plate 6 drives the induction heater 10 to ascend to a position higher than the quartz cover 12, then the three clamping blocks 11 are unscrewed, and the quartz cover 12 and the molybdenum cover 14 are taken down; placing a workpiece to be welded and brazing filler metal on a workpiece table 13, and then placing a molybdenum cover 14 on the workpiece table 13, wherein the molybdenum cover 14 covers the periphery of the workpiece and the brazing filler metal; then the quartz cover 12 covers the workpiece table 13, the three clamping blocks 11 are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the quartz cover 12, and the three clamping blocks 11 are tightly pressed on the flange edge of the quartz cover 12, so that a sealed space is formed between the quartz cover 12 and the fixed cooling disc 9. Then, the lifting cylinder 16 is driven to descend by the starting motor 25 through the turbine lifter 24, so that the lifting plate 6 drives the induction heater 10 to descend, the induction heater 10 descends to a position which is approximately at the same height as the quartz cover 12, the induction heater 10 is covered on the periphery of the cylindrical main body of the quartz cover 12, and at the moment, the workpiece and the brazing filler metal are located in the heating range of the induction heater 10.
Then the mechanical pump 22 starts to vacuumize, after the vacuumization meets the process requirement, the molecular pump 21 is started to vacuumize the sealed space, the mechanical pump 22 is closed, an air valve between the molecular pump 21 and the mechanical pump 22 is closed, and after the vacuum degree of the sealed space in the quartz cover 12 meets the requirement, the molecular pump 21 is closed; when the argon gas environment is needed, the gas electromagnetic valve on the second branch 29 is opened, and the sealed space in the quartz cover 12 is in a negative pressure state, so that the argon gas in the argon gas bottle 31 enters the quartz cover 12, and when the vacuum environment is needed, the gas electromagnetic valve needs to be opened. Then, starting an induction power supply 1, starting an induction heater 10 to work, and heating the workpiece and the brazing filler metal to start vacuum brazing; and after the vacuum brazing is finished, repeating the steps to start the vacuum brazing of the next round of workpieces.
In conclusion, the vacuum brazing device for the aviation parts, provided by the invention, does not use brazing flux in the whole brazing process, the brazed parts are in a vacuum condition, the phenomena of oxidation, carburetion, decarburization, pollution, deterioration and the like are avoided, and the brazing seam is attractive in appearance; obviously improves the corrosion resistance of the product, avoids various pollutions and has good safe production conditions.
The vacuum degree in the quartz cover is high, the influence of impurities is avoided, the wettability and the fluidity of the brazing filler metal are good, devices with more complex and narrow channels can be welded, the yield of products is improved, and a firm and clean working surface is obtained.
During vacuum brazing, the induction heater is uniformly covered on the periphery of the workpiece and the brazing filler metal, the whole workpiece is uniformly heated, the thermal stress is small, the deformation can be controlled to the minimum degree, and allowance-free processing and precise brazing can be realized. Multiple adjacent brazing seams can be brazed in the quartz cover at one time, and multiple assemblies can be brazed simultaneously according to the capacity of the vacuum chamber, so that the brazing efficiency is improved. The brazing operation can be performed in an argon atmosphere as required.
The above description is only exemplary of the invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the invention is intended to be covered by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A vacuum brazing device for aviation parts is characterized by comprising an operation platform;
the operation platform is provided with a welding work position, a quartz cover covers the welding work position, the quartz cover and the operation platform are in sealing fit to form a sealed space, and a workpiece is placed in the sealed space;
a molecular pump is arranged below the operating platform and corresponds to the welding working position;
the vacuum brazing device further comprises a mechanical pump, the mechanical pump is connected with the molecular pump, a through hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the welding work position, of the operation platform, and the molecular pump is communicated with the sealed space through the through hole in the welding work position;
the operating platform is also provided with a lifting plate, an induction heater is fixed on the lifting plate, and the induction heater is used for heating a workpiece and brazing filler metal for vacuum brazing;
when the lifting plate is located at the lowest position of the moving stroke, the induction heater and the quartz cover are located at the same height, and the induction heater is located on the periphery of the quartz cover; when the lifting plate is located at the highest position of the moving stroke, the induction heater is higher than the quartz cover, a fixed cooling disc is arranged between the operating platforms of the quartz cover, a through hole is formed in the center of the fixed cooling disc, and the through hole in the fixed cooling disc is communicated with the sealed space;
an outward-turned flange edge is arranged at the opening of the quartz cover and is in contact with the upper surface of the fixed cooling disc; a plurality of clamping blocks are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the fixed cooling disc on the operating platform, and the flange edges are tightly pressed on the upper surface of the fixed cooling disc by the clamping blocks so that the fixed cooling disc, the flange edges and the operating platform are in sealing contact;
a sealing rubber ring is arranged between the flange edge and the fixed cooling disc;
the quartz cover comprises an equal-diameter part and a reducing part, the cross sections of all parts of the quartz cover are circular rings, and the equal-diameter part is a hollow cylindrical reducing part and is a half hollow sphere;
the induction heater is in a ring shape, the inner diameter of the induction heater is larger than the cylindrical outer diameter of the quartz cover, and the axial dimension of the induction heater is larger than the height of the workpiece placed in the sealed space and smaller than the axial height of the quartz cover;
a workpiece table is arranged on the fixed cooling disc inside the quartz cover, and a workpiece is placed on the workpiece table to increase the placing height of the workpiece;
the molybdenum cover covers the workpiece table and covers the workpiece on the workpiece table;
the workpiece platform is made of zirconium oxide, a coaxial transformer is further fixed on the lifting plate and electrically connected with the induction heater, the vacuum brazing device further comprises an induction power supply, the induction power supply is electrically connected with the coaxial transformer, and the coaxial transformer is used for supplying power of the induction power supply to the induction heater after transformation;
the vacuum welding device further comprises a lifting system, and the lifting system is used for driving the lifting plate to perform lifting motion;
the lifting system comprises a lifting cylinder, a lifting seat, a lifting nut, a screw rod, a turbine lifter and a motor; the motor and the turbine lifter are arranged below the operating platform, the output end of the motor is in transmission connection with the input end of the turbine lifter, the screw rod is the output end of the turbine lifter, and the motor drives the turbine lifter to drive the screw rod to rotate;
the lifting nut is screwed on the screw rod in a threaded manner, the lifting cylinder is hollow and cylindrical, the lifting cylinder is sleeved on the screw rod, and the lower end of the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected with the lifting nut;
the lifting seat is annular, is arranged on the operating platform and is sleeved on the periphery of the lifting cylinder for guiding the lifting cylinder when the lifting cylinder moves up and down, and the lifting cylinder penetrates through the operating platform;
the lifting cylinder comprises a cylindrical main body and a cuboid, wherein one surface of the cuboid is an arc surface, the arc surface of the cuboid is arranged close to the cylindrical main body, and the cuboid is a rotation stopping part arranged on the lifting cylinder along the axial direction;
the shape of the inner ring of the lifting seat is the same as the radial section of the lifting cylinder, so that the rotation stopping part of the lifting cylinder is matched with the groove in the inner ring of the lifting seat in a stopping way; when the screw rod rotates, the rotation stopping part prevents the lifting cylinder and the lifting nut from rotating, so that the lifting nut drives the lifting cylinder to perform lifting motion.
2. The vacuum brazing device for the aviation parts according to claim 1, wherein a first support and a second support are further arranged on the lifting plate, a plurality of temperature measuring instruments are arranged on the first support and used for monitoring the temperature of the workpieces, and a camera is arranged on the second support and used for the vacuum welding state of the workpieces.
3. The vacuum brazing device for the aviation parts according to claim 1, wherein a transition pipe is connected between the molecular pump and the fixed cooling disc, a first branch and a second branch are connected to the transition pipe, and both the first branch and the second branch are connected with a gas solenoid valve;
one of the first branch and the second branch is sequentially connected with an argon gas flowmeter and an argon gas bottle, and the other branch is used as a standby branch.
4. The vacuum brazing device for aviation parts according to claim 2, wherein the vacuum brazing device further comprises a controller, the controller is electrically connected with the temperature measuring instrument, the induction power supply and the motor, and the controller is used for controlling and detecting equipment.
5. The vacuum brazing apparatus for aircraft parts according to claim 1, wherein the vacuum brazing apparatus further comprises a water inlet collector and a water outlet collector, the fixed cooling plate, the induction heater and the coaxial transformer are each provided with a cooling water channel, inlets of the plurality of cooling water channels are each communicated with the water inlet collector, and outlets of the plurality of cooling water channels are each communicated with the water outlet collector.
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| CN117415406B (en) * | 2023-12-05 | 2024-04-19 | 山东联创高科自动化有限公司 | Laser welding protection assembly and welding method |
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