CN114179764A - Double-motor leading-trailing-shoe alternating type brake-by-wire and braking method thereof - Google Patents
Double-motor leading-trailing-shoe alternating type brake-by-wire and braking method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114179764A CN114179764A CN202111509914.7A CN202111509914A CN114179764A CN 114179764 A CN114179764 A CN 114179764A CN 202111509914 A CN202111509914 A CN 202111509914A CN 114179764 A CN114179764 A CN 114179764A
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- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 62
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 abstract 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000008713 feedback mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
- B60T8/17—Using electrical or electronic regulation means to control braking
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T1/00—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
- B60T1/02—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
- B60T1/06—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
- B60T8/17—Using electrical or electronic regulation means to control braking
- B60T8/171—Detecting parameters used in the regulation; Measuring values used in the regulation
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Abstract
The invention provides a double-motor leading shoe alternating-type wire control brake and a braking method thereof, wherein the double-motor leading shoe alternating-type wire control brake comprises a braking bottom plate, shoe irons are arranged at the left end and the right end of the braking bottom plate respectively, the shoe irons are arranged in an arc shape, friction plates are fixedly arranged on the outer sides of the shoe irons and arranged in an arc shape, motors are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the braking bottom plate respectively, the motors are arranged between the two shoe irons, and the left end and the right end of each motor are fixedly connected with the shoe irons through push rods.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of brakes, and particularly relates to a double-motor leading-shoe alternating-type brake-by-wire and a braking method thereof.
Background
Since the double-motor leading shoe alternating-type brake-by-wire has been pushed out, the structure is changed greatly, and the currently commonly used brake assembly structure is shown in fig. 1, and the structure thereof comprises: the brake device comprises a cam shaft, a roller shaft, a reset spring pin shaft, a friction plate, a horseshoe fixing pin shaft, a fastening screw, a brake bottom plate, a roller, a spring washer, a cam shaft bushing and a horseshoe bushing. The outer end of the cam shaft is indirectly connected with the brake chamber through the adjusting arm, and the inner end of the cam shaft is directly attached to the two rollers. The driver applies acting force to the brake pedal through the foot part to enable the pedal to generate relative position change, so that the brake chamber completes the pressurizing process, the adjusting arm is pushed to rotate, finally, the two shoes are opened through the inner end of the cam shaft, the friction plate and the brake drum are mutually attached, and the vehicle braking action is completed. The mechanical acting force is manually applied, so that the brake can generate enough brake torque to complete the brake process.
However, the wedge type and cam type structures adopted by the existing brake are complex and heavy in mechanical structure, and cannot meet the requirement of the current automobile industry for light weight development. Meanwhile, the requirements of the brake chamber and the brake chamber on working pressure are high, and the brake is easy to generate the conditions of pressure loss of the brake chamber and force unloading of the brake in the braking process under the condition of long-time braking or frequent braking, so that the failure rate of the brake is improved. In the two structures, the return spring is required to be used for carrying out return control on the shoe iron, so that the shoe iron is easy to break and lose force in the using process, the brake is damaged in different degrees, and the service life of the brake is shortened. Meanwhile, the existing brake cannot switch the use of the leading shoe, so that various advantages of the leading shoe cannot be fully exerted, and the use limitation of the brake is increased. In addition, the existing brake cannot evaluate the abrasion degree of the friction plates on the two sides, so that the balance of the abrasion degree of the friction plates on the two sides cannot be ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a double-motor leading shoe alternating-type brake-by-wire and a braking method thereof, which solve the problems.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the double-motor leading shoe alternating-type brake-by-wire comprises a brake bottom plate, wherein shoes are arranged at the left end and the right end of the brake bottom plate respectively, the shoes are arranged in an arc shape, friction plates are fixedly arranged on the outer sides of the shoes and arranged in an arc shape, motors are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the brake bottom plate respectively, the motors are arranged between the two shoes, and the left end and the right end of each motor are fixedly connected with the shoes through push rods.
As a preferred embodiment, the outer side of the motor is sleeved with a motor bracket, and the motor bracket is fixedly connected with the brake bottom plate.
In a preferred embodiment, a motor controller is fixedly arranged on the back side of the brake base plate, and the motor controller and the motor are electrically connected.
As a preferred embodiment, the brake is further provided with a brake pedal position sensor, a temperature sensor, a wheel speed sensor, and a distance sensor;
the brake pedal position sensor is arranged below the brake pedal;
the two distance sensors are respectively and correspondingly arranged in the fastening holes formed in the two friction plates;
the wheel speed sensor is fixed on the inner side of the brake bottom plate through a sensor bracket;
the temperature sensor is arranged on the inner side of the horseshoe.
In a preferred embodiment, the brake pedal position sensor, the temperature sensor, the wheel speed sensor and the distance sensor are electrically connected with the motor controller.
In a preferred embodiment, the motor controller is further electrically connected to a dashboard console and a DCAC, and the DCAC is electrically connected to a vehicle-mounted battery for supplying low voltages to the brake pedal position sensor, the temperature sensor, the wheel speed sensor, and the distance sensor.
A braking method of a double-motor leading shoe alternating-type brake-by-wire brake comprises the following steps:
and 3, after the motor receives the signal and the voltage sent by the motor controller, the brake is adjusted.
As a preferred embodiment, the method for analyzing each sensor signal by the motor controller in step 2 includes:
step 20, when the position of the brake pedal changes, a sensor below the pedal can quickly detect the variation of the brake pedal, and the variation is converted into a weak point signal to be transmitted to a motor controller;
step 21, obtaining the currently required maximum braking torque through three-dimensional interpolation table interpolation according to the current vehicle speed acquired by the wheel speed sensor, so that the actual extension length of the motor push rod can be obtained according to the relationship between the length of the motor push rod and the braking torque;
step 22, at the moment, the motor pushes the shoe to be opened to generate mutual friction with the brake drum, the wheel speed sensor, the temperature sensor and the distance sensor detect the change of the state of the brake, and the changed state quantity is fed back to the motor controller for analysis;
and step 23, when each state quantity exceeds a set limit value, an instrument panel of the cab sends out a corresponding alarm signal, and meanwhile, a driver can switch the motion mode of the brake by using the motor through the operation console according to different driving environments so as to meet the requirements on braking efficiency under different driving environments.
As a preferred embodiment, the method for adjusting the brake by the motor in step 3 is to freely switch the motion modes by controlling the extension and retraction amount of the push rod of the motor, wherein the motion modes include a leading shoe type, a double leading shoe type and a bidirectional double leading shoe type.
As a preferred embodiment, the motor located at the upper end of the brake bottom plate is an a motor, the push rod at the left end of the a motor is a push rod number 1, the push rod at the right end of the a motor is a push rod number 2, the motor located at the lower end of the brake bottom plate is a B motor, the push rod at the left end of the B motor is a push rod number 3, the push rod at the right end of the B motor is a push rod number 4, and the method for freely switching the motion mode by controlling the stretching amount of the push rod of the motor comprises the following steps:
step 30, the No. 1 push rod and the No. 2 push rod of the motor A realize reciprocating motion, and when the No. 3 push rod and the No. 4 push rod of the motor B do not act, the brake is in a leading shoe type brake motion mode at the moment;
step 31, the No. 1 push rod of the motor A realizes reciprocating motion, the No. 2 push rod does not act, the No. 3 push rod of the motor B does not act, the No. 4 push rod realizes reciprocating motion, and the brake is in a double-collar shoe type brake motion mode at the moment;
step 32, the No. 1 push rod of the motor A does not act, the No. 2 push rod of the motor B realizes reciprocating motion, the No. 3 push rod of the motor B realizes reciprocating motion, the No. 4 push rod does not act, and the brake is in a double-collar shoe type brake motion mode at the moment;
and step 33, the No. 1 push rod and the No. 2 push rod of the motor A realize reciprocating motion, the No. 3 push rod and the No. 4 push rod of the motor B realize reciprocating motion, and the brake is in a bidirectional double-collar shoe type brake motion mode at the moment.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the brake provided by the invention overcomes the problems of heavy mass, large difference of abrasion degrees of friction plates and the like of the conventional brake, and simultaneously avoids the condition that the friction plates are not returned due to failure of the return spring. The brake replaces the traditional mechanical transmission device through the motor, so that the weight of the brake is relatively reduced, and the brake accords with the development direction of the current automobile lightweight research.
Meanwhile, electronic detection elements such as a temperature sensor, a distance sensor and a wheel speed sensor are arranged in the brake, and the brake is powered by a vehicle-mounted storage battery at low voltage. The use of the sensor can realize the real-time monitoring of the braking and driving states of the vehicle, and when the detection amount exceeds the set limit range, an instrument panel in the cab sends out an alarm signal to warn the driver. Meanwhile, the DCAC converts the low-voltage output of the vehicle-mounted storage battery into high-voltage output for supplying power to the motor controller. The motor controller integrates and analyzes the signals of the sensors in the brake and the signals acquired by the brake pedal position sensor, the magnitude of the braking torque required by the current braking can be obtained through the three-dimensional interpolation of the current vehicle running speed and the brake pedal position, and the braking torque is converted into the extension amount of the motor push rod to act on the horseshoe, so that the motor push rod is in contact with the brake drum to generate enough braking torque.
The expansion direction of the leading shoe is always consistent with the movement direction of the brake, so that the braking efficiency of the leading shoe is high, but the sensitivity of the leading shoe to the change of the friction coefficient is high, so that the stability of the braking efficiency of the leading shoe is poor, and the stability of the braking efficiency of the trailing shoe is opposite to that of the leading shoe. Therefore, according to different driving environments, a driver can manually control the movement modes of the brake through the operating platform, so that the brake can be switched among the movement modes such as the bidirectional double leading shoes, the double trailing shoes and the double leading shoes, and the advantages of the movement modes under different use scenes are fully utilized to generate the moment required by braking under the current environment.
Due to the non-uniformity of the running state of each brake, each brake is controlled by a single motor controller, and the control process is not influenced by other brakes. And (3) measuring a gap value in the current braking process through a distance sensor, comparing the gap value with the gap acquired in the last braking process, and if the difference value is larger, calculating the difference value and compensating the difference value in the next braking process in a push rod extending length mode through a closed loop feedback mechanism. Meanwhile, the abrasion degree of the friction plates on the two sides is dynamically evaluated by comparing the sizes of the gaps on the two sides, which are obtained by current measurement, and the abrasion degree is automatically adjusted by a closed-loop feedback mechanism, so that the excessive difference of the abrasion amounts of the friction plates on the two sides is avoided.
The brake controls the opening and closing state of the horseshoe through the motor, and the length of the push rod of the brake is programmable and controllable, so that the brake clearance can be automatically adjusted, and the difference of the abrasion loss of the friction plates on the two sides is reduced. Meanwhile, due to the controllability of the motor push rod, the motion mode of the brake can be switched at any time according to different driving environments, and the required braking torque is output, so that the braking efficiency of the brake is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the operating principle of a dual-motor leading shoe alternative brake-by-wire;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the motor and shoe movement pattern;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a brake clearance and friction plate adjustment process.
In the figure, 1-motor support; 2, a motor; 3-a push rod; 4-friction plate; 5-a shoe; 6-braking the bottom plate; 7-fastening holes; 8-motor controller.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
According to fig. 1 to 3, a double-motor leading shoe alternating-type brake-by-wire, includes a brake bottom plate 6, both ends all are provided with the shoe about brake bottom plate 6, the shoe is the setting of arc, the fixed friction disc 4 that is provided with in the outside of shoe, friction disc 4 is the setting of arc, brake bottom plate 6's upper and lower both ends all are provided with the motor, the motor sets up between two shoes, set up through push rod fixed connection between both ends and the shoe about the motor.
The outside cover of motor is equipped with motor support, fixed connection between motor support and the braking bottom plate 6.
And a motor controller is fixedly arranged on the back side of the brake bottom plate 6, and the motor controller and the motor are electrically connected.
The brake is also provided with a brake pedal position sensor, a temperature sensor, a wheel speed sensor and a distance sensor;
the brake pedal position sensor is arranged below the brake pedal;
the two distance sensors are respectively and correspondingly arranged in the fastening holes 7 formed in the two friction plates 4;
the wheel speed sensor is fixed on the inner side of the brake bottom plate 6 through a sensor bracket;
the temperature sensor is arranged on the inner side of the horseshoe.
The brake pedal position sensor, the temperature sensor, the wheel speed sensor and the distance sensor are electrically connected with the motor controller.
The motor controller is further electrically connected with the instrument panel operating console and the DCAC, the DCAC is electrically connected with the vehicle-mounted storage battery, and the vehicle-mounted storage battery is used for providing low voltage for the brake pedal position sensor, the temperature sensor, the wheel speed sensor and the distance sensor.
A braking method of a double-motor leading shoe alternating-type brake-by-wire brake comprises the following steps:
and 3, after the motor receives the signal and the voltage sent by the motor controller, the brake is adjusted.
As a preferred embodiment, the method for analyzing each sensor signal by the motor controller in step 2 includes:
step 20, when the position of the brake pedal changes, a sensor below the pedal can quickly detect the variation of the brake pedal, and the variation is converted into a weak point signal to be transmitted to a motor controller;
step 21, obtaining the currently required maximum braking torque through three-dimensional interpolation table interpolation according to the current vehicle speed acquired by the wheel speed sensor, so that the actual extension length of the motor push rod can be obtained according to the relationship between the length of the motor push rod and the braking torque;
step 22, at the moment, the motor pushes the shoe to be opened to generate mutual friction with the brake drum, the wheel speed sensor, the temperature sensor and the distance sensor detect the change of the state of the brake, and the changed state quantity is fed back to the motor controller for analysis;
and step 23, when each state quantity exceeds a set limit value, an instrument panel of the cab sends out a corresponding alarm signal, and meanwhile, a driver can switch the motion mode of the brake by using the motor through the operation console according to different driving environments so as to meet the requirements on braking efficiency under different driving environments.
In the step 3, the method for adjusting the brake by the motor is to freely switch the motion modes by controlling the extension amount of the motor push rod, wherein the motion modes comprise a leading shoe type, a double-leading shoe type and a bidirectional double-leading shoe type.
The motor that is located 6 upper ends of brake shoe is the A motor, and the push rod of A motor left end is push rod No. 1, and the push rod of A motor right-hand member is push rod No. 2, and the motor that is located 6 lower extremes of brake shoe is the B motor, and the push rod of B motor left end is push rod No. 3, and the push rod of B motor right-hand member is push rod No. 4, and the method that comes to freely switch over the motion mode through the flexible volume of control motor push rod includes:
step 30, the No. 1 push rod and the No. 2 push rod of the motor A realize reciprocating motion, and when the No. 3 push rod and the No. 4 push rod of the motor B do not act, the brake is in a leading shoe type brake motion mode at the moment;
step 31, the No. 1 push rod of the motor A realizes reciprocating motion, the No. 2 push rod does not act, the No. 3 push rod of the motor B does not act, the No. 4 push rod realizes reciprocating motion, and the brake is in a double-collar shoe type brake motion mode at the moment;
step 32, the No. 1 push rod of the motor A does not act, the No. 2 push rod of the motor B realizes reciprocating motion, the No. 3 push rod of the motor B realizes reciprocating motion, the No. 4 push rod does not act, and the brake is in a double-collar shoe type brake motion mode at the moment;
and step 33, the No. 1 push rod and the No. 2 push rod of the motor A realize reciprocating motion, the No. 3 push rod and the No. 4 push rod of the motor B realize reciprocating motion, and the brake is in a bidirectional double-collar shoe type brake motion mode at the moment.
The brake replaces the existing cam type structure and wedge type structure on the market at present through the motor and the motor support, and the motor controller which is independent of the whole vehicle controller is installed on the back side of the brake bottom plate 6, so that the brake does not interfere with other control signals in the whole vehicle on the premise of ensuring the normal operation of the motor.
The brake is simultaneously provided with a brake pedal position sensor, a temperature sensor, a wheel speed sensor and a distance sensor, the power is supplied by a storage battery of the whole vehicle, and a motor controller and a motor convert low voltage output by the storage battery into high voltage for power supply by a DCAC inverter. The brake pedal position sensor is arranged below the brake pedal and used for ensuring that the change of the brake pedal can be rapidly identified and realizing the overall control of the whole braking process; the number of the distance sensors is 2, the 2 distance sensors are respectively additionally arranged in the fastening holes 7 of the friction plates 4 on the two sides, the distance between the current friction plate 4 and the brake drum can be detected in real time, and the accuracy of brake clearance adjustment and the balance of the friction degree of the friction plate 4 are ensured;
the wheel speed sensor is fixed on the inner side of the brake bottom plate 6 through a sensor bracket, and changes and detects grating structures such as an ABS gear ring and the like, so that the current running speed of the vehicle is obtained; the temperature sensor is additionally arranged on the inner side of the shoe and used for monitoring the working temperature of the inner wall of the brake drum, the friction plate 4 and the like in the braking process of the brake, and the safety of the brake in the using process is enhanced. Finally, the working state of the brake is displayed in real time through an instrument panel of the cab, and meanwhile, a driver can switch the use mode of the brake through the operating console according to different driving environments so as to ensure that the brake can work under the highest braking efficiency.
The working flow and principle are shown in fig. 4, the vehicle-mounted storage battery provides low voltage for each sensor, converts the low voltage into high voltage through the DCAC and outputs the high voltage to supply power for the motor controller, and the motor controller determines whether to transmit signals and voltage for the motor according to the analysis of the signals of the internal sensors. When the position of the brake pedal changes, a sensor below the pedal can quickly detect the variation of the brake pedal and convert the variation into a weak current signal to be transmitted to the motor controller, and meanwhile, the current required maximum braking torque is obtained through interpolation of a three-dimensional interpolation table according to the current vehicle speed acquired by the wheel speed sensor, so that the actual extension length of the motor push rod can be obtained through the relationship between the length of the motor push rod and the braking torque. At the moment, the motor pushes the shoe to be opened to generate mutual friction with the brake drum, the wheel speed sensor, the temperature sensor and the distance sensor detect the change of the state of the brake, the changed state quantity is fed back to the motor controller for analysis, and if the state quantity exceeds a set limit value, an instrument panel of a cab sends out a corresponding alarm signal. Meanwhile, the driver can switch the motion mode of the brake through the operating console according to different driving environments so as to meet the requirements on braking efficiency under different driving environments.
As shown in fig. 5, the brake of the present invention integrates motion modes such as shoe type, double-lead shoe type, and bidirectional double-lead shoe type, and freely switches the motion modes by controlling the extension and retraction amount of the motor push rod. If the No. 1 push rod and the No. 2 push rod of the motor A realize reciprocating motion, the No. 3 push rod and the No. 4 push rod of the motor B do not act, and the brakes are leading shoe type brakes, namely one leading shoe is arranged; if the No. 1 push rod of the motor A realizes reciprocating motion and the No. 2 push rod does not act, and the No. 3 push rod of the motor B does not act and the No. 4 push rod realizes reciprocating motion, the brake is a double-collar shoe type brake, namely two collar shoes are arranged in the brake; if the No. 1 push rod of the motor A does not act and the No. 2 push rod of the motor A realizes reciprocating motion, and the No. 3 push rod of the motor B realizes reciprocating motion and the No. 4 push rod does not act, the brake is a double-trailing-shoe brake, namely two trailing shoes are arranged in the brake; if the push rods of the A, B motor realize reciprocating motion, the brake is a bidirectional double-leading-shoe type brake, namely when the brake rotates forwards and backwards, the two shoes are leading shoes. According to different driving environments, a driver can manually switch the motion mode of the brake through the operating console so as to meet the braking efficiency required under different scenes.
As shown in fig. 6, the brake of the present invention obtains the distance between the shoe and the brake drum through the distance sensors on both sides, compares the obtained current gap with the last brake gap, and if the two gaps are equal in size, it indicates that the brake gap obtained by the current measurement is in a normal state; if the current brake clearance is smaller than the clearance recorded in the last brake, the friction plate 4 is seriously abraded, and the length of the motor push rod cannot generate the brake torque required by the current brake, so that the difference value is obtained as the compensation quantity of the next brake motor push rod, the cyclic check compensation is carried out, and finally the closed-loop automatic adjustment of the brake clearance is realized. Meanwhile, the difference of the abrasion amounts of the friction plates 4 on the two sides can be judged by comparing the sizes of the gaps on the two sides obtained by current measurement, if the difference is smaller, the abrasion amounts of the friction plates 4 on the two sides are considered to be close to the same, and the motor push rod keeps working in the original state; if the difference of the gaps on the two sides is larger, the eccentric wear phenomenon of the friction plate 4 is indicated, so that the difference value is obtained as the compensation quantity of the motor push rod on the side with serious eccentric wear, and the compensation quantity is automatically adjusted when the next brake is carried out.
Therefore, the brake is connected with the two shoes through the motor, the brake can be switched between the motion modes of the two-way double leading shoes, the double trailing shoes and the like by controlling the motor push rod to stretch according to different use environments, the use advantages of the leading shoes and the trailing shoes are fully utilized, and the braking efficiency is improved.
The brake of the invention uses the motor to replace most of mechanical structures such as a cam shaft, an air chamber bracket and the like in the existing brake, so that the dead weight of the brake is reduced, and the lightweight improvement of the brake is realized. The motion loss in a mechanical structure is reduced, the phenomenon of blocking between parts is avoided, the service life of the brake is prolonged, and meanwhile, the acting force manually applied during braking is reduced;
the brake provided by the invention detects the clearance between the friction plate and the inner surface of the brake drum in real time through the distance sensor, and compares the detected clearance with the clearance obtained by the last detection, thereby controlling the extension length of the motor push rod, realizing the adjustment of the brake clearance, and simultaneously solving the problem of eccentric wear of the friction plate.
The brake is provided with a wheel speed sensor and a brake pedal position sensor, and the controller obtains the maximum braking torque required by current braking through three-dimensional interpolation according to the position of the current brake pedal and the current running speed of the vehicle, and converts the maximum braking torque into the extension length of the motor push rod to realize the action of the brake shoe.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience of description and for simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it is to be noted that the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, a communication between two elements, a direct connection, or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium, and specific meanings of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The double-motor leading shoe alternating-type brake-by-wire is characterized by comprising a brake bottom plate, shoes are arranged at the left end and the right end of the brake bottom plate respectively, the shoes are arranged in an arc shape, friction plates are fixedly arranged on the outer sides of the shoes and arranged in an arc shape, motors are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the brake bottom plate respectively, the motors are arranged between the two shoes, and the left end and the right end of each motor are fixedly connected with the shoes through push rods.
2. The double-motor leading shoe alternating-type brake-by-wire of claim 1, wherein a motor bracket is sleeved outside the motor, and the motor bracket is fixedly connected with the brake bottom plate.
3. The double-motor leading shoe alternating-current brake-by-wire of claim 1, wherein a motor controller is fixedly arranged on the back side of the brake bottom plate, and the motor controller and the motor are electrically connected.
4. The dual motor leading shoe alternating-current brake-by-wire of claim 3, wherein said brake is further provided with a brake pedal position sensor, a temperature sensor, a wheel speed sensor, and a distance sensor;
the brake pedal position sensor is arranged below the brake pedal;
the two distance sensors are respectively and correspondingly arranged in the fastening holes formed in the two friction plates;
the wheel speed sensor is fixed on the inner side of the brake bottom plate through a sensor bracket;
the temperature sensor is arranged on the inner side of the horseshoe.
5. The dual motor leading shoe alternating-current brake-by-wire of claim 4, wherein the brake pedal position sensor, the temperature sensor, the wheel speed sensor and the distance sensor are electrically connected to the motor controller.
6. The dual motor leading shoe alternating-current brake-by-wire of claim 5, wherein the motor controller is further electrically connected to a dashboard console and a DCAC, and the DCAC is electrically connected to a vehicle-mounted battery for supplying low voltage to the brake pedal position sensor, the temperature sensor, the wheel speed sensor, and the distance sensor.
7. A braking method of a double-motor leading shoe alternating-type brake-by-wire brake is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, providing low voltage for each sensor by a vehicle-mounted storage battery, converting the low voltage into high voltage through DCAC, and outputting the high voltage to supply power for a motor controller;
step 2, the motor controller determines whether the motor transmits signals and voltage according to the analysis of the signals of the sensors;
and 3, after the motor receives the signal and the voltage sent by the motor controller, the brake is adjusted.
8. The method for braking a double-motor-lead-shoe alternating-current brake-by-wire according to claim 7, wherein the method for analyzing the signals of the sensors by the motor controller in the step 2 comprises the following steps:
step 20, when the position of the brake pedal changes, a sensor below the pedal can quickly detect the variation of the brake pedal, and the variation is converted into a weak point signal to be transmitted to a motor controller;
step 21, obtaining the currently required maximum braking torque through three-dimensional interpolation table interpolation according to the current vehicle speed acquired by the wheel speed sensor, so that the actual extension length of the motor push rod can be obtained according to the relationship between the length of the motor push rod and the braking torque;
step 22, at the moment, the motor pushes the shoe to be opened to generate mutual friction with the brake drum, the wheel speed sensor, the temperature sensor and the distance sensor detect the change of the state of the brake, and the changed state quantity is fed back to the motor controller for analysis;
and step 23, when each state quantity exceeds a set limit value, an instrument panel of the cab sends out a corresponding alarm signal, and meanwhile, a driver can switch the motion mode of the brake by using the motor through the operation console according to different driving environments so as to meet the requirements on braking efficiency under different driving environments.
9. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the motor adjusts the brake in step 3 by freely switching motion modes including a leading shoe type, a double leading shoe type and a bidirectional double leading shoe type by controlling an amount of extension and retraction of a push rod of the motor.
10. The braking method of the double-motor leading shoe alternating-type brake-by-wire of claim 9, wherein the motor located at the upper end of the brake bottom plate is a motor a, the push rod at the left end of the motor a is a push rod No. 1, the push rod at the right end of the motor a is a push rod No. 2, the motor located at the lower end of the brake bottom plate is a motor B, the push rod at the left end of the motor B is a push rod No. 3, the push rod at the right end of the motor B is a push rod No. 4, and the method for freely switching the motion mode by controlling the extension and retraction amount of the push rod of the motor comprises the steps of:
step 30, the No. 1 push rod and the No. 2 push rod of the motor A realize reciprocating motion, and when the No. 3 push rod and the No. 4 push rod of the motor B do not act, the brake is in a leading shoe type brake motion mode at the moment;
step 31, the No. 1 push rod of the motor A realizes reciprocating motion, the No. 2 push rod does not act, the No. 3 push rod of the motor B does not act, the No. 4 push rod realizes reciprocating motion, and the brake is in a double-collar shoe type brake motion mode at the moment;
step 32, the No. 1 push rod of the motor A does not act, the No. 2 push rod of the motor B realizes reciprocating motion, the No. 3 push rod of the motor B realizes reciprocating motion, the No. 4 push rod does not act, and the brake is in a double-collar shoe type brake motion mode at the moment;
and step 33, the No. 1 push rod and the No. 2 push rod of the motor A realize reciprocating motion, the No. 3 push rod and the No. 4 push rod of the motor B realize reciprocating motion, and the brake is in a bidirectional double-collar shoe type brake motion mode at the moment.
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| CN202111509914.7A CN114179764A (en) | 2021-12-10 | 2021-12-10 | Double-motor leading-trailing-shoe alternating type brake-by-wire and braking method thereof |
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| CN202111509914.7A CN114179764A (en) | 2021-12-10 | 2021-12-10 | Double-motor leading-trailing-shoe alternating type brake-by-wire and braking method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20220315 |