CN118205985A

CN118205985A - Elevator traction machine

Info

Publication number: CN118205985A
Application number: CN202410373460.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 姚国江; 陆金菊; 沈华; 闵志强; 丁华平; 刘以亮; 邵敏; 郭德玲
Original assignee: Zhejiang Furder Diving Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Furder Diving Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2024-03-29
Filing date: 2024-03-29
Publication date: 2024-06-18

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of elevator driving, and particularly relates to an elevator traction machine which comprises a traction assembly and a braking assembly, wherein the traction assembly is used for dragging an elevator car to move up and down, and the braking assembly is used for braking the elevator car; the traction assembly comprises a driving motor and a traction wheel, the traction wheel pulls the lift car and the elevator counterweight through the steel cable crane, the braking assembly comprises a braking arm, the braking arm is in contact with the traction wheel, and the braking arm can clamp the traction wheel to brake the lift car; the fixed braking force is kept on the elevator car through the arranged braking component, so that the speed change of the elevator car is uniform during braking, the uncomfortable feeling of passengers can be reduced, and the service life of the elevator can be properly prolonged; through the fixed arm and the position sensor that set up, make elevator car can delay braking under specific condition, prevent that the steel cable from being too taut or lax, increase the life of steel cable, improved the security of elevator.

Description

Elevator traction machine

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of elevator driving, and particularly relates to an elevator traction machine.

Background

The traction machine is one of key components for driving the elevator to move up and down, the safety and reliability of the traction machine are directly related to the service life of the elevator and the life and property safety of a passenger, the traditional elevator traction machine controls the rotation of the traction wheel by controlling the opening and closing of the brake arm, but when braking, the brake arm is the same in closing degree no matter what operating state the elevator is in, so that the magnitude of braking acceleration is different, discomfort can be caused to passengers, the service life of a steel cable can be reduced, and certain potential safety hazards exist.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the above, it is necessary to provide an elevator traction machine against the problems that the acceleration during braking is not determined, and thus the riding experience is poor, the safety performance of the elevator is reduced, and the use cost is increased in the existing traction machine.

The above purpose is achieved by the following technical scheme:

an elevator traction machine, comprising:

The traction assembly is used for traction of the elevator car to move up and down, the traction assembly comprises a traction wheel and a driving motor, the driving motor can drive the traction wheel to rotate, the traction wheel is used for hanging the elevator car and the elevator counterweight through a steel cable, and the traction wheel is rotated to enable the elevator car to move up and down.

The braking assembly is used for braking the elevator car and comprises a braking arm, the braking arm is in contact with the traction sheave, a friction force F is arranged between the braking arm and the traction sheave, the traction sheave is subjected to a pulling force F _{Pulling device}＝G_{Matching with}+G_{Heavy weight} in the gravity direction, G _{Matching with} is the gravity of an elevator counterweight, G _{Heavy weight} is the gravity of the elevator car and the gravity of passengers, the braking assembly provides a braking force F _{Manufacturing process} for the elevator car, F _{Manufacturing process}＝f-|G_{Matching with}-G_{Heavy weight} is the same, the magnitude of F _{Manufacturing process} is kept unchanged by adjusting the braking arm to increase or decrease the friction force F, and the braking assembly enables the elevator car to stop stably with a fixed acceleration.

In the use process, the elevator car is required to be braked, when G _{Matching with}>G_{Heavy weight} is used, G _{Heavy weight} is increased, the friction force F is reduced by adjusting the braking arm, the size of F _{Manufacturing process} is kept unchanged, when G _{Matching with}<G_{Heavy weight} is used, G _{Heavy weight} is increased, the friction force F is increased by adjusting the braking arm, and the size of F _{Manufacturing process} is kept unchanged.

When G _{Matching with}>G_{Heavy weight}, the elevator car is subjected to an upward force component F ₁, when G _{Matching with}<G_{Heavy weight}, the elevator car is subjected to a downward force component F ₂, and when the direction of said F ₁ or said F ₂ is opposite to the actual moving direction of the elevator car, the braking action of the braking assembly on the elevator car is delayed by a preset time.

Further, it also includes a bottom plate, an upper housing, and a lower housing.

The driving motor is arranged in a cavity formed by assembling the upper shell and the lower shell, the bottom plate is fixedly connected to the fixed table top, the lower shell is detachably connected with the upper shell, a telescopic rod body is arranged between the lower shell and the bottom plate and is provided with an upper rod body and a lower rod body, the upper rod body is assembled in the lower rod body in a telescopic guiding manner, the upper rod body is fixedly connected with the lower shell, and the lower rod body is fixedly connected with the bottom plate.

The telescopic rod body is internally provided with a first elastic piece, the first elastic piece can stretch and retract, one end of the first elastic piece is fixedly connected with the upper rod body, and the other end of the first elastic piece is fixedly connected with the lower rod body.

Further, the number of the telescopic rods is multiple, and the telescopic rods are uniformly distributed between the lower shell and the bottom plate.

Further, be provided with displacement sensor and first controller in the telescopic link body, displacement sensor with first controller electricity is connected, displacement sensor can detect the flexible volume of telescopic link body, and turn into electric signal transmission for first controller, first controller can be adjusted the brake arm is right the holding power of traction sheave.

Further, the traction assembly further comprises a first gear and a second gear, the first gear is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the driving motor, the first gear is meshed with the second gear, a transmission shaft body is arranged between the second gear and the traction sheave, one end of the transmission shaft body is fixedly connected with the second gear, the other end of the transmission shaft body is fixedly connected with the traction sheave, the driving motor rotates to drive the first gear to rotate, the first gear rotates to drive the second gear to rotate, and the second gear rotates to drive the traction sheave to rotate.

Further, the brake assembly further comprises a brake shoe disposed between the brake arm and the traction sheave, the brake shoe being detachably connected with the brake arm.

Further, the brake arm is provided with an upper section part, a middle section part and a lower section part, the middle section part is arranged between the upper section part and the lower section part, one end of the middle section part is fixedly connected with the upper section part, the other end of the middle section part is fixedly connected with the lower section part, the middle section part is of an arc-shaped structure, and an inner concave surface of the arc-shaped structure is in contact with the traction sheave.

Further, the brake assembly further comprises a hydraulic brake unit and a pressure sensor.

The hydraulic brake unit is capable of applying a force to the brake arm to adjust the magnitude of the friction force f.

The pressure sensor is arranged between the traction sheave and the brake arm, converts the magnitude of the acting force applied by the brake arm to the traction sheave into an electric signal, and applies the acting force to the brake arm through the hydraulic brake unit so as to adjust the magnitude of the friction force f.

The brake assembly further comprises a second elastic piece, a brake rod body and an electromagnetic coil.

The brake rod body is in contact with the brake arm, and the brake rod body moves to drive the brake arm to move.

The second elastic piece can stretch and retract, and the second elastic piece applies acting force to the braking arm to enable the braking arm to clamp the traction sheave.

When the electromagnetic coil is electrified, the electromagnetic coil applies acting force to the brake rod body to enable the brake rod body to move, the brake rod body moves to drive the brake arm to move, the brake arm reduces the clamping force on the traction wheel, and when the electromagnetic coil is powered off, the second elastic piece enables the brake arm to clamp the traction wheel.

Further, it also comprises a bottom plate.

The brake assembly further comprises an overhanging rod body, a second controller and a fixed arm, wherein the fixed arm is provided with a fixed end and an induction end, the fixed end is fixedly connected with the bottom plate, the brake arm is hinged to the fixed end, one end of the overhanging rod body is in contact with the induction end, the other end of the overhanging rod body is fixedly connected with the electromagnetic coil, the induction end is provided with an upper half part and a lower half part, a first position sensor is arranged on the upper half part, and a second position sensor is arranged on the lower half part.

The second controller is electrically connected with the first position sensor, the second controller is electrically connected with the second position sensor, the second controller is electrically connected with the electromagnetic coil, and the second controller can control the electromagnetic coil to be electrified and powered off.

When G _{Matching with}>G_{Heavy weight} is carried out, the overhanging rod body is contacted with the first position sensor, the first position sensor converts the position information of the overhanging rod body into an electric signal and transmits the electric signal to the second controller, and if the elevator car actually moves downwards and needs to be braked, the brake arm delays the traction sheave for a preset time to brake.

When G _{Matching with}<G_{Heavy weight} is carried out, the overhanging rod body is contacted with the second position sensor, the second position sensor converts the position information of the overhanging rod body into an electric signal and transmits the electric signal to the second controller, and if the elevator car actually moves upwards and needs to be braked, the brake arm delays the traction sheave for a preset time to brake.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

1. The magnitude of the friction force f between the brake arm and the traction sheave can be adjusted according to the total weight of passengers in the elevator car through the arranged brake assembly, the magnitude of braking force is guaranteed to be the same under any condition, the speed change of the car during braking is uniform, uncomfortable feeling of the passengers can be reduced, and the service life of the elevator can be prolonged properly.

2. Through the fixed arm and the position sensor that set up, make elevator car can delay braking under specific condition, prevent that the steel cable from being too taut or lax, increase the life of steel cable, improved the security of elevator.

3. The detachable brake shoe is arranged, so that a new brake shoe can be conveniently and timely replaced after an old brake shoe is worn, maintenance and repair are convenient and simplified, the service life of a brake arm is prolonged, and the safety performance of the brake arm is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of an elevator traction machine of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a front view of one embodiment of the elevator traction machine of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view at A-A in FIG. 2;

fig. 4 is a top view of one embodiment of the elevator traction machine of the present invention with the upper housing hidden;

Fig. 5 is a side view of one embodiment of the elevator traction machine of the present invention with the upper housing removed;

Wherein:

100. a traction assembly; 101. a bottom plate; 102. a connection hole; 103. a telescopic rod body; 104. a first elastic member; 105. a lower housing; 106. an upper housing; 107. a bolt; 108. a nut;

200. A driving motor;

300. Traction sheave; 301. a second gear; 302. a first gear;

400. A brake assembly; 401. an electromagnetic coil; 402. a brake arm; 403. an overhanging rod body; 404. a second elastic member; 405. a fixed arm; 406. a brake shoe; 407. a brake lever body; 410. and a third elastic member.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to examples, which are provided to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

The numbering of components herein, such as "first," "second," etc., is used merely to distinguish between the described objects and does not have any sequential or technical meaning. The term "coupled" as used herein includes both direct and indirect coupling (coupling), unless otherwise indicated. In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element in question must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.

In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

An elevator traction machine provided by an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 5.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, an elevator traction machine includes:

The traction assembly 100, the traction assembly 100 is used for traction of the elevator car to move up and down, the traction assembly 100 comprises a traction sheave 300 and a driving motor 200, the driving motor 200 can drive the traction sheave 300 to rotate, the traction sheave 300 is used for hanging the elevator car and the elevator counterweight through a steel cable, the driving motor 200 is started, the driving motor 200 drives the traction sheave 300 to rotate forward and backward through forward and backward rotation, and the traction sheave 300 rotates forward and backward to realize up and down movement of the elevator car.

Brake assembly 400, brake assembly 400 is used for braking the elevator car, brake assembly 400 includes brake arm 402, brake arm 402 and traction sheave 300 contact setting, have frictional force F between brake arm 402 and the traction sheave 300, traction sheave 300 receives the pulling force F _{Pulling device}＝G_{Matching with}+G_{Heavy weight} in the direction of gravity, wherein G _{Matching with} is the gravity of elevator counter weight, G _{Heavy weight} is elevator car gravity and elevator personnel gravity, brake assembly 400 provides braking force F _{Manufacturing process} for the elevator car, wherein F _{Manufacturing process}＝f-|G_{Matching with}-G_{Heavy weight} is the I, through adjusting brake arm 402 in order to increase or reduce frictional force F, make the size of F _{Manufacturing process} remain unchanged, brake assembly 400 makes the elevator car steadily stop with fixed acceleration, elevator personnel's uncomfortable sense when reducing the elevator braking, the life of elevator has been prolonged properly.

When the elevator is used, the elevator car is required to be braked frequently, when fewer passengers take the elevator, G _{Matching with}>G_{Heavy weight},|G_{Matching with}-G_{Heavy weight}|＝G_{Matching with}-G_{Heavy weight} is adopted, if G _{Heavy weight} is increased, the friction force F is reduced by adjusting the brake arms 402, the size of F _{Manufacturing process} is kept unchanged, when the passengers take the elevator to a certain amount, G _{Matching with}<G_{Heavy weight},|G_{Matching with}-G_{Heavy weight}|＝G_{Heavy weight}-G_{Matching with} is adopted, if G _{Heavy weight} is continuously increased, the friction force F is increased by adjusting the brake arms 402, and the size of F _{Manufacturing process} is kept unchanged; as the passengers gradually increase, the clamping force of the brake arm 402 to the traction sheave 300 becomes smaller from larger to larger, and the friction force f becomes smaller from larger to larger.

When G _{Matching with}>G_{Heavy weight}, the elevator car receives an upward component F ₁, when G _{Matching with}<G_{Heavy weight}, the elevator car receives a downward component F ₂,F₁ or F ₂, and the direction of the downward component F ₂,F₁ or F ₂ is opposite to the actual moving direction of the elevator car, the braking action of the braking component 400 on the elevator car is delayed for a preset time, so that the elevator car can be delayed for braking under specific conditions, the steel cable is prevented from being excessively tensioned or loosened, the service life of the steel cable is prolonged, and the safety of the elevator is improved.

Further, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, it further includes a bottom plate 101, an upper housing 106, and a lower housing 105.

The driving motor 200 is arranged in a cavity formed by assembling the upper shell 106 and the lower shell 105, the bottom plate 101 is fixedly connected on a fixed table surface, the lower shell 105 is detachably connected with the upper shell 106, a telescopic rod body 103 is arranged between the lower shell 105 and the bottom plate 101, the telescopic rod body 103 is provided with an upper rod body and a lower rod body, the upper rod body is assembled in the lower rod body in a telescopic guiding manner, the upper rod body is fixedly connected with the lower shell 105, and the lower rod body is fixedly connected with the bottom plate 101.

The telescopic rod body 103 is internally provided with a first elastic piece 104, the first elastic piece 104 can stretch and retract, one end of the first elastic piece 104 is fixedly connected with the upper rod body, the other end of the first elastic piece 104 is fixedly connected with the lower rod body, and the first elastic piece 104 can help the telescopic rod body 103 to return to an initial telescopic state.

Specifically, a connecting hole 102 is formed in the bottom plate 101, the bottom plate 101 is fixedly connected with the fixed table top through a fixing screw, and the fixing screw penetrates through the connecting hole 102; the fixing screws are uniformly distributed on the bottom plate 101.

The upper casing 106 and the lower casing 105 are coupled by bolts 107 and nuts 108, and a partial volume of the traction sheave 300 is in a chamber formed by the assembly of the upper casing 106 and the lower casing 105. In some embodiments, the outer surfaces of the upper housing 106 and the lower housing 105 are provided with reinforcing ribs to increase the strength of the upper housing 106 and the lower housing 105.

Further, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the number of the telescopic rods 103 is plural, and the telescopic rods 103 are uniformly distributed between the lower housing 105 and the bottom plate 101.

In one embodiment, a displacement sensor and a first controller are disposed in the telescopic rod body 103, the displacement sensor is electrically connected with the first controller, the displacement sensor can detect the telescopic amount of the telescopic rod body 103, and convert the telescopic amount into an electrical signal to be transmitted to the first controller, and the first controller can adjust the holding force of the brake arm 402 on the traction sheave 300.

The more passengers, the greater the amount of shortening of the telescopic rod body 103, the greater the G _{Heavy weight}. F _{Manufacturing process}＝f-|G_{Matching with}-G_{Heavy weight} |, when G _{Matching with}>G_{Heavy weight}, the larger G _{Heavy weight}, the smaller the friction force F required, the smaller the holding force exerted by the brake arm 402 on the traction sheave 300, and when G _{Matching with}<G_{Heavy weight}, the larger G _{Heavy weight}, the larger the friction force F required, the larger the holding force exerted by the brake arm 402 on the traction sheave 300.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 to 5, the traction assembly 100 further includes a first gear 302 and a second gear 301, the first gear 302 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor 200, the first gear 302 is meshed with the second gear 301, a transmission shaft body is disposed between the second gear 301 and the traction sheave 300, one end of the transmission shaft body is fixedly connected with the second gear 301, the other end of the transmission shaft body is fixedly connected with the traction sheave 300, the driving motor 200 rotates to drive the first gear 302 to rotate, the first gear 302 rotates to drive the second gear 301 to rotate, and the second gear 301 rotates to drive the traction sheave 300 to rotate.

The upper housing 106 and the lower housing 105 are assembled to form an upper bearing bush and a lower bearing bush, and the transmission shaft body is rotatably matched with the bearing bushes, and in one embodiment, the upper housing 106 and the lower housing 105 are assembled to form a through hole, a bearing is arranged in the through hole, and the transmission shaft body is arranged in the bearing in a penetrating way.

Specifically, the diameter of the first gear 302 is smaller than the diameter of the second gear 301.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-2, brake assembly 400 further includes a brake shoe 406, brake shoe 406 being disposed between brake arm 402 and traction sheave 300, brake shoe 406 being removably coupled to brake arm 402.

The detachable brake shoe 406 is provided, so that a new brake shoe 406 can be timely replaced after the old brake shoe 406 is worn, maintenance and repair are convenient and simplified, the service life of the brake arm 402 is prolonged, and the safety performance of the brake arm is improved.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the brake arm 402 has an upper section, a middle section and a lower section, the middle section is disposed between the upper section and the lower section, one end of the middle section is fixedly connected with the upper section, the other end of the middle section is fixedly connected with the lower section, the middle section has an arc structure, and an inner concave surface of the arc structure is disposed in contact with the traction sheave 300; in one embodiment, the lower section is hinged to the bottom plate 101.

Brake shoe 406 is disposed on the midsection. The contact surface of the middle section part of the brake arm 402 and the traction sheave 300 is a concave cambered surface, when a passenger gradually increases, the telescopic rod body 103 shortens, and further the contact area of the traction sheave 300 on the brake arm 402 is driven to be changed from small to large, so that the clamping force of the brake arm 402 to the traction sheave 300 is changed from small to large, the friction force f is changed from small to large, and the reliability of the brake assembly 400 is prevented from being reduced due to overlarge load of the elevator.

In one embodiment, brake assembly 400 further includes a hydraulic brake unit and a pressure sensor.

The hydraulic brake unit is capable of applying a force to the brake arm 402 to adjust the magnitude of the friction force f.

A pressure sensor is provided between the traction sheave 300 and the brake arm 402, converts the magnitude of the force applied to the traction sheave 300 by the brake arm 402 into an electric signal, and applies the force to the brake arm 402 through the hydraulic brake unit to adjust the magnitude of the friction force f between the brake arm 402 and the traction sheave 300.

Further, the hydraulic braking unit comprises a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic rod, the hydraulic rod is hinged with the braking arm 402, and the braking arm 402 is driven to move through the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic rod in the hydraulic cylinder so as to adjust the friction force f.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the brake assembly 400 further includes a brake lever 407, a second elastic member 404, and a solenoid 401.

The brake lever 407 is in contact with the brake arm 402, and the brake lever 407 moves to drive the brake arm 402 to move.

The second elastic member 404 is capable of expanding and contracting, and the second elastic member 404 applies a force to the brake arm 402, so that the brake arm 402 clamps the traction sheave 300.

When the electromagnetic coil 401 is electrified, the electromagnetic coil 401 applies acting force to the brake rod body 407, the brake rod body 407 moves to drive the brake arm 402 to move, so that the brake arm 402 reduces the clamping force on the traction sheave 300, and when the electromagnetic coil 401 is powered off, the second elastic piece 404 enables the brake arm 402 to clamp the traction sheave 300, so that the brake arm 402 can brake an elevator car in time after sudden power off is realized.

Further, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, it further includes a bottom plate 101.

Brake assembly 400 also includes an overhanging pole body 403, a second control, and a fixed arm 405.

The fixed arm 405 has a fixed end and an induction end, the fixed end is fixedly connected with the bottom plate 101, the brake arm 402 is hinged with the fixed end, one end of the overhanging rod body 403 is in contact with the induction end, the other end of the overhanging rod body 403 is fixedly connected with the electromagnetic coil 401, the induction end has an upper half part and a lower half part, the upper half part is provided with a first position sensor, and the lower half part is provided with a second position sensor; the second controller is electrically connected with the first position sensor, the second controller is electrically connected with the second position sensor, the second controller is electrically connected with the electromagnetic coil 401, and the second controller can control the electromagnetic coil 401 to be electrified and powered off.

Specifically, the brake assembly 400 further includes a third elastic member 410, the overhanging rod body 403 is disposed through the third elastic member 410, the overhanging rod body 403 moves to drive the third elastic member 410 to move, the length of the third elastic member 410 is greater than the length of the overhanging rod body 403, and the section of the sensing end is semicircular, so that the overhanging rod body 403 makes the overhanging rod body 403 always keep contact with the fixing arm 405.

When G _{Matching with}>G_{Heavy weight}, the overhanging rod body 403 contacts with the first position sensor, the first position sensor converts the position information of the overhanging rod body 403 into an electric signal and transmits the electric signal to the second controller, and if the elevator car actually moves downwards and needs to brake, the second controller makes the brake arm 402 brake the traction sheave 300 after delaying for a preset time.

When G _{Matching with}<G_{Heavy weight}, the overhanging rod body 403 contacts with the second position sensor, the second position sensor converts the position information of the overhanging rod body 403 into an electric signal and transmits the electric signal to the second controller, and if the elevator car actually moves upwards and needs to brake, the second controller makes the brake arm 402 brake the traction sheave 300 after delaying for a preset time.

Through the time delay braking under specific conditions, the steel cable is prevented from being excessively tensioned or loosened, the service life of the steel cable is prolonged, and the safety of the elevator is improved.

The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.

The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention and are described in detail herein without thereby limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An elevator traction machine, characterized in that it comprises:

the traction assembly is used for dragging the elevator car to move up and down, and comprises a traction wheel and a driving motor, the driving motor can drive the traction wheel to rotate, the traction wheel is used for dragging the elevator car and the elevator counterweight through a steel cable, and the traction wheel is rotated to enable the elevator car to move up and down;

the braking assembly is used for braking the elevator car and comprises a braking arm, the braking arm is in contact with the traction sheave, a friction force F is arranged between the braking arm and the traction sheave, the traction sheave is subjected to a pulling force F _{Pulling device}＝G_{Matching with}+G_{Heavy weight} in the gravity direction, G _{Matching with} is the gravity of an elevator counterweight, G _{Heavy weight} is the gravity of the elevator car and the gravity of passengers, the braking assembly provides a braking force F _{Manufacturing process} for the elevator car, F _{Manufacturing process}＝f-|G_{Matching with}-G_{Heavy weight} is the same, the magnitude of F _{Manufacturing process} is kept unchanged by adjusting the braking arm to increase or decrease the friction force F, and the braking assembly enables the elevator car to stop stably at a fixed acceleration;

When the elevator car is used, the elevator car is required to be braked, when G _{Matching with}>G_{Heavy weight} is used, G _{Heavy weight} is increased, the friction force F is reduced by adjusting the brake arm, the size of F _{Manufacturing process} is kept unchanged, when G _{Matching with}<G_{Heavy weight} is used, G _{Heavy weight} is increased, the friction force F is increased by adjusting the brake arm, and the size of F _{Manufacturing process} is kept unchanged;

2. The elevator traction machine according to claim 1, further comprising a floor, an upper housing, and a lower housing;

the driving motor is arranged in a cavity formed by assembling the upper shell and the lower shell, the bottom plate is fixedly connected to the fixed table top, the lower shell is detachably connected with the upper shell, a telescopic rod body is arranged between the lower shell and the bottom plate and is provided with an upper rod body and a lower rod body, the upper rod body is assembled in the lower rod body in a telescopic guiding way, the upper rod body is fixedly connected with the lower shell, and the lower rod body is fixedly connected with the bottom plate;

3. The elevator traction machine according to claim 2, wherein the number of the telescopic rods is plural, and the telescopic rods are uniformly distributed between the lower housing and the bottom plate.

4. The elevator traction machine according to claim 2, wherein a displacement sensor and a first controller are disposed in the telescopic rod body, the displacement sensor is electrically connected with the first controller, the displacement sensor can detect the telescopic amount of the telescopic rod body, and the telescopic amount is converted into an electric signal to be transmitted to the first controller, and the first controller can adjust the holding force of the brake arm on the traction sheave.

5. The elevator traction machine of claim 1, wherein the traction assembly further comprises a first gear and a second gear, the first gear is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the driving motor, the first gear is meshed with the second gear, a transmission shaft body is arranged between the second gear and the traction sheave, one end of the transmission shaft body is fixedly connected with the second gear, the other end of the transmission shaft body is fixedly connected with the traction sheave, the driving motor rotates to drive the first gear to rotate, the first gear rotates to drive the second gear to rotate, and the second gear rotates to drive the traction sheave to rotate.

6. The elevator traction machine of claim 1, wherein the brake assembly further comprises a brake shoe disposed between the brake arm and the traction sheave, the brake shoe being removably connected to the brake arm.

7. The elevator traction machine according to claim 1, wherein the brake arm has an upper section portion, a middle section portion and a lower section portion, the middle section portion is disposed between the upper section portion and the lower section portion, one end of the middle section portion is fixedly connected with the upper section portion, the other end of the middle section portion is fixedly connected with the lower section portion, the middle section portion is of an arc-shaped structure, and an inner concave surface of the arc-shaped structure is disposed in contact with the traction sheave.

8. The elevator traction machine of claim 1, wherein the brake assembly further comprises a hydraulic brake unit and a pressure sensor;

the hydraulic braking unit can apply acting force to the braking arm so as to adjust the magnitude of friction force f;

9. The elevator traction machine of claim 1, wherein the brake assembly further comprises a second elastic member, a brake lever body, and a solenoid;

The brake rod body is in contact with the brake arm, and the brake rod body moves to drive the brake arm to move;

the second elastic piece can stretch and retract, and the second elastic piece applies acting force to the braking arm so that the braking arm clamps the traction sheave;

10. The elevator traction machine according to claim 9, further comprising a floor;

The brake assembly further comprises an overhanging rod body, a second controller and a fixed arm, wherein the fixed arm is provided with a fixed end and an induction end, the fixed end is fixedly connected with the bottom plate, the brake arm is hinged with the fixed end, one end of the overhanging rod body is in contact with the induction end, the other end of the overhanging rod body is fixedly connected with the electromagnetic coil, the induction end is provided with an upper half part and a lower half part, a first position sensor is arranged on the upper half part, and a second position sensor is arranged on the lower half part;

the second controller is electrically connected with the first position sensor, the second controller is electrically connected with the second position sensor, the second controller is electrically connected with the electromagnetic coil, and the second controller can control the electromagnetic coil to be electrified and powered off;

When G _{Matching with}>G_{Heavy weight} is carried out, the overhanging rod body is contacted with the first position sensor, the first position sensor converts the position information of the overhanging rod body into an electric signal and transmits the electric signal to the second controller, and if the elevator car actually moves downwards and needs to be braked, the brake arm delays the traction sheave for a preset time to brake;