CN114158729B

CN114158729B - Composition and solid beverage containing American ginseng extract and rhizoma polygonati extract

Info

Publication number: CN114158729B
Application number: CN202111395503.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张博华; 王丽; 马超; 范琳; 吴茂玉; 张鑫; 冯建华; 张明; 王崇队; 范祺; 孟晓峰; 杨立风
Original assignee: JINAN INSTITUTE OF FRUIT PRODUCTS CHINA COOP; Weihai Vocational College
Current assignee: JINAN INSTITUTE OF FRUIT PRODUCTS CHINA COOP; Weihai Vocational College
Priority date: 2021-11-23
Filing date: 2021-11-23
Publication date: 2024-01-26
Anticipated expiration: 2041-11-23
Also published as: CN114158729A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of food processing, and relates to a composition containing American ginseng extract and rhizoma polygonati extract, and also relates to a solid beverage containing American ginseng extract and rhizoma polygonati extract and a preparation method thereof. The composition provided by the invention comprises the following main raw materials in parts by weight: 5 to 60 parts of American ginseng extract, 10 to 50 parts of rhizoma polygonati extract, 0.05 to 10 parts of guarana extract, 1 to 30 parts of medlar powder and 1 to 30 parts of mulberry powder; and at least one of auxiliary materials sweetener and sour agent. In the invention, the American ginseng extract and the rhizoma polygonati extract are respectively embedded by adopting the embedding agent maltodextrin, and then spray-dried, so that the polysaccharide and saponin components in the American ginseng extract and the rhizoma polygonati extract are effectively protected from loss, and the contents of the two active components are ensured; the American ginseng is subjected to superfine grinding and then steam explosion treatment, so that the dissolution rate of polysaccharide is improved by 3 times, and the composition has remarkable effect of improving the immunity and antioxidation effect.

Description

Composition and solid beverage containing American ginseng extract and rhizoma polygonati extract

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of food processing, and particularly relates to a composition containing American ginseng extract and rhizoma polygonati extract, a solid beverage containing American ginseng extract and rhizoma polygonati extract, and a preparation method of the solid beverage.

Background

The following patent documents disclose compositions prepared from rhizoma Polygonati extract and radix Panacis Quinquefolii extract:

CN103404847a discloses an anti-fatigue health care composition and a preparation method thereof, and the specific scheme is as follows: an anti-fatigue health care composition, which is characterized in that: the composition comprises the following active ingredients in parts by weight: 20-50 parts of icariin, 5-20 parts of astragaloside IV, 20-40 parts of rhizoma polygonati extract and 10-30 parts of American ginseng extract. The preparation method of the anti-fatigue health care composition comprises the steps of firstly weighing according to a proportion, then uniformly mixing icariin, astragaloside IV, american ginseng extract and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent, then adding the rhizoma polygonati extract for granulating according to a conventional method, finally drying, granulating and mixing the intermediate according to a conventional method, and packaging after bagging, capsule filling or tabletting the intermediate to obtain the finished product of the oral solid preparation.

The composition prepared by the method can be used as food or health-care food, can prevent and treat fatigue, strengthen immunity and delay aging, and also has the effects of improving mental labor and physical overworking, tonifying qi and nourishing yin, strengthening spleen and moistening lung, and has obvious effects of refreshing and restoring consciousness, improving memory, enhancing immunity, delaying aging and the like.

The American ginseng extract used in the method is prepared by a common method, the dissolution rate of polysaccharide in the American ginseng extract prepared by a common process is not high, and active ingredients such as polysaccharide, saponin and the like are easy to lose in the preparation process.

Accordingly, there is a need for an improvement in view of the above-mentioned technical drawbacks, and a method for retaining as much as possible of the active ingredients such as polysaccharides and saponins in the composition is invented.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a composition containing American ginseng extract and rhizoma polygonati extract and a specific preparation process, wherein embedding agent maltodextrin is used for embedding during the preparation of the American ginseng extract and the rhizoma polygonati extract, so that the loss of active ingredients such as polysaccharide, saponin and the like is avoided; the composition has excellent immunity enhancing effect and oxidation resistance compared with single radix Panacis Quinquefolii extract.

The invention provides a composition containing American ginseng extract and rhizoma polygonati extract, which comprises the following main raw materials in parts by weight:

american ginseng extract 5-60 and sealwort extract 10-50

0.05 to 10 percent of Guarana extract and 1 to 30 percent of medlar powder

1-30 parts of mulberry powder.

Preferably, in the composition, the main raw materials are as follows in parts by weight:

10 to 30 of American ginseng extract and 5 to 30 of sealwort extract

0.1 to 4 percent of Guarana extract and 1 to 40 percent of medlar powder

1-20 parts of mulberry powder.

american ginseng extract 12-29 sealwort extract 7-28

0.2 to 3 percent of Guarana extract and 3 to 40 percent of medlar powder

3-20 parts of mulberry powder.

american ginseng extract 13-28 and sealwort extract 6-30

0.1 to 3 percent of Guarana extract and 4 to 36 percent of medlar powder

1-19 parts of mulberry powder.

american ginseng extract 12-27 sealwort extract 7-27

0.1 to 3 percent of Guarana extract and 3 to 40 percent of medlar powder

2-18 parts of mulberry powder.

The composition further comprises at least one of a sweetener and a sour agent;

10 to 30 parts of sweetener and 0.1 to 10 parts of acidulant;

the sweetener is selected from at least one of fructo-oligosaccharide, sucralose, sucrose, fructose, glucose, raffinose, stachyose, soybean oligosaccharide, maltitol, mannitol, xylitol, sorbitol, stevioside/glycoside, disodium/trisodium glycyrrhizinate, aspartame, neohesperidin dihydrochalcone, aspartame, thaumatin, kiwi, sucralose, cyclamate, acesulfame potassium, fructo-oligosaccharide, lactulose, erythritol, crystalline fructose, lactulose, glycyrrhizin;

the sour agent is at least one selected from malic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, sorbic acid, potassium sorbate, meta-tartaric acid, sodium carbonate, sodium citrate, tripotassium citrate, trisodium bicarbonate and monosodium citrate.

Other food additives such as stabilizers, flavors, food colors, trace elements such as calcium, iron, zinc, selenium, etc. may of course be included;

a method for preparing a composition comprising American ginseng extract and Polygonatum sibiricum extract, comprising the steps of:

(1) Weighing dry sliced American ginseng, adding water, performing crude extraction by adopting a hot water extraction method, mixing uniformly, heating in water bath, extracting, filtering a sample solution, and taking a supernatant to obtain a American ginseng crude extract; concentrating the crude extract by rotary evaporation, adding embedding medium, and mixing; spray drying to obtain powdered radix Panacis Quinquefolii extract;

(2) Weighing rhizoma Polygonati in dry slices, adding water, performing crude extraction by hot water extraction method, mixing, heating in water bath, and extracting; filtering the sample solution to obtain a supernatant, and obtaining a rhizoma polygonati crude extract; concentrating the crude extract by rotary evaporation, adding embedding medium, and mixing; spray drying to obtain powdery rhizoma Polygonati extract;

(3) Mixing guarana extract, fructus Lycii powder, and Mori fructus powder with radix Panacis Quinquefolii extract prepared in (1) and rhizoma Polygonati extract prepared in (2) to obtain composition.

The embedding agent is preferably maltodextrin, and active ingredients such as polysaccharide, saponin and the like in the American ginseng and the rhizoma polygonati can be effectively prevented from losing through the embedding effect of the maltodextrin.

Preferably, the preparation method of the composition containing American ginseng extract and rhizoma polygonati extract comprises the following steps:

in the step (1), when hot water is extracted, the weight ratio of the American ginseng to the water is 1: 18-22;

heating in water bath to 80-95 deg.c for 1.5-2.5 hr; concentrating to 1/8-1/4 of the original volume;

during spray drying, a centrifugal spray drying unit is selected, the air inlet temperature is 160-180 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 70-90 ℃, and the rotation speed of an atomizer is 24000-26000 r/min to prepare powdery American ginseng extract; the weight ratio of maltodextrin to American ginseng is 1:1 to 1.2;

(2) In the hot water leaching process, the weight ratio of the rhizoma polygonati to the water is 1: 18-22;

during spray drying, a centrifugal spray drying unit is selected, the air inlet temperature is 160-180 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 70-90 ℃, and the rotation speed of an atomizer is 24000-26000 r/min to prepare powdery rhizoma polygonati extract;

the weight ratio of maltodextrin to rhizoma polygonati is 1:1 to 1.2.

Preferably, in (1), the weight ratio of the American participation water in the hot water leaching is 1:20, a step of;

heating in water bath to 90deg.C for 2 hr; concentrating to 1/6 of the original volume;

during spray drying, a centrifugal spray drying unit is selected, the air inlet temperature is 170 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 80 ℃, and the rotation speed of an atomizer is 25000r/min, so that the powdery American ginseng extract is prepared;

(2) In the step (1), when hot water is extracted, the weight ratio of the rhizoma polygonati to the water is 1: 18-22;

during spray drying, a centrifugal spray dryer is selected, the air inlet temperature is 170 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 80 ℃, and the rotation speed of an atomizer is 25000r/min, so that the powdery rhizoma polygonati extract is prepared.

A preparation method of a composition containing American ginseng extract and rhizoma polygonati extract comprises the following steps:

(1) Cleaning American ginseng, slicing, draining, arranging, drying, cooling, pulverizing by a high-speed pulverizer, and performing steam explosion treatment on the powder to obtain steam exploded American ginseng powder;

weighing American ginseng of steam exploded American ginseng powder, adding water, carrying out crude extraction by adopting a hot water extraction method, mixing uniformly, heating in water bath, extracting, filtering a sample solution, and taking a supernatant to obtain a American ginseng crude extract; concentrating the crude extract by rotary evaporation, adding embedding agent maltodextrin, and mixing well for use; spray drying to obtain powdered radix Panacis Quinquefolii extract; the weight ratio of maltodextrin to American ginseng is 1-1.2;

(2) Cleaning rhizoma Polygonati, slicing, adding water, extracting with hot water, mixing, heating in water bath, extracting, filtering the sample solution, and collecting supernatant to obtain rhizoma Polygonati crude extract; concentrating the crude extract by rotary evaporation, adding embedding agent maltodextrin, and mixing well for use; spray drying to obtain powdery rhizoma Polygonati extract; the weight ratio of maltodextrin to American ginseng is 1-1.2.

As an improvement, the method for preparing the composition containing the American ginseng extract and the rhizoma polygonati extract by steam explosion treatment of the American ginseng comprises the following steps:

(1) Cleaning American ginseng, slicing, draining, arranging a tray, drying at 50-70 ℃ until the water content of the material is below 5-7%, superfine grinding the cooled material for 5-7 min, and performing steam explosion treatment on the obtained American ginseng dry powder to obtain steam exploded American ginseng powder, wherein the steam explosion maintenance time is 40-90 s, and the steam explosion pressure is 0.6-1.2 MPa;

preferably, in the step (1), the American ginseng is cleaned, sliced, drained and placed on a tray, the materials are dried at the temperature of 60 ℃ until the water content is less than 6%, the cooled materials are superfine crushed for 7min, the materials are sieved by a sieve with 80 meshes, and the obtained American ginseng dry powder is subjected to steam explosion treatment to obtain steam exploded American ginseng powder, wherein the steam explosion maintenance pressure time is 60s, and the steam explosion pressure is 1.2MPa.

The application of composition containing radix Panacis Quinquefolii extract and rhizoma Polygonati extract in solid beverage is provided. And is also intended to be within the scope of the present invention.

The solid beverage containing the American ginseng extract and the rhizoma polygonati extract comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

american ginseng extract 5-60 and sealwort extract 10-50

0.05 to 10 percent of Guarana extract and 1 to 30 percent of medlar powder

1-30 parts of mulberry powder and 5-40 parts of food additive;

the food additive contains at least one of sour agent, sweetener, edible essence, edible pigment, microelements and food stabilizer. The food stabilizer comprises: at least one of xanthan gum, carrageenan, konjac gum, gelatin, agar, pectin, guar gum, sodium alginate, locust bean gum, curdlan, maltodextrin, cyclodextrin and corn dextrin;

in addition, the solid beverage can be added with milk powder, gamma-aminobutyric acid, non-dairy creamer and other raw materials.

A preparation method of a solid beverage containing American ginseng extract and rhizoma polygonati extract comprises the following steps:

(1) Weighing dry sliced American ginseng, adding water, performing crude extraction by adopting a hot water extraction method, mixing uniformly, heating in water bath, extracting, filtering a sample solution, and taking a supernatant to obtain a American ginseng crude extract; concentrating the crude extract by rotary evaporation, adding embedding agent maltodextrin, and mixing well for use; spray drying to obtain powdered radix Panacis Quinquefolii extract; the weight ratio of maltodextrin to American ginseng is 1:1.2;

(2) Weighing rhizoma Polygonati in dry slices, adding water, performing crude extraction by hot water extraction method, mixing, heating in water bath, and extracting; filtering the sample solution to obtain a supernatant, and obtaining a rhizoma polygonati crude extract; concentrating the crude extract by rotary evaporation, adding embedding agent maltodextrin, and mixing well for use; spray drying to obtain powdery rhizoma Polygonati extract; the weight ratio of maltodextrin to rhizoma polygonati is 1:1.2;

(3) Mixing guarana extract, fructus Lycii powder, mori fructus powder, and food additive with the powdered radix Panacis Quinquefolii extract obtained in (1) and rhizoma Polygonati extract obtained in (2) to obtain solid beverage.

As an improvement, the preparation method of the solid beverage containing the American ginseng extract and the rhizoma polygonati extract comprises the following steps:

weighing American ginseng of steam exploded American ginseng powder, adding water, carrying out crude extraction by adopting a hot water extraction method, mixing uniformly, heating in water bath, extracting, filtering a sample solution, and taking a supernatant to obtain a American ginseng crude extract; concentrating the crude extract by rotary evaporation, adding embedding agent maltodextrin, and mixing well for use; spray drying to obtain powdered radix Panacis Quinquefolii extract; the weight ratio of maltodextrin to American ginseng is 1:1.2;

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) In the invention, the American ginseng extract and the rhizoma polygonati extract are respectively embedded by adopting the embedding agent maltodextrin, and then spray-dried, so that the polysaccharide and saponin components in the American ginseng extract and the rhizoma polygonati extract are effectively protected from loss, and the contents of the two active components are ensured;

(2) In order to further improve the dissolution rate of polysaccharide in American ginseng, the American ginseng is subjected to superfine grinding and then steam explosion treatment, and the result shows that the dissolution rate of polysaccharide after the treatment is improved by more than 3 times, and the immunity and antioxidation effects of the subsequent composition are improved greatly.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of different treatment modes on the crude polysaccharide content of American ginseng powder;

FIG. 2.1 is a microstructure of a conventional American ginseng powder;

FIG. 2.2 is a microstructure of the 60s steam exploded American ginseng powder at 0.6MPa;

FIG. 2.3 is a microstructure of the 60s steam exploded American ginseng powder at 0.9 MPa;

FIG. 2.4 is a microstructure of the 60s steam exploded American ginseng powder at 1.2MPa;

FIG. 2.5 is a microstructure of the 30s steam exploded American ginseng powder at 0.6MPa;

FIG. 2.6 is a microstructure of the 90s steam exploded American ginseng powder at 0.6MPa;

FIG. 2.7 is a microstructure of superfine crushed 3min American ginseng powder;

FIG. 2.8 is a microstructure of ultrafine crushed 5min American ginseng powder;

FIG. 2.9 is a microstructure of superfine crushed American ginseng powder for 7 min;

FIG. 3 shows the DPPH measurement under different processing conditions;

FIG. 4 shows the detection values of ABTS under different processing conditions;

FIG. 5 shows the detection values of superoxide anions under different treatment conditions.

Detailed Description

The present invention will now be further described in connection with specific embodiments in order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the invention.

Example 1

(1) Weighing dry sliced American ginseng, adding water, wherein the weight ratio of the American ginseng to the water is 1:20, a step of; carrying out crude extraction by adopting a hot water extraction method, mixing uniformly, heating to about 90 ℃ in water bath, extracting for 2 hours, extracting, filtering a sample liquid, and taking a supernatant to obtain a American ginseng crude extract; carrying out rotary evaporation concentration on the crude extract, and concentrating to 1/6 of the original volume; adding embedding agent maltodextrin (the weight ratio of maltodextrin to American ginseng is 1:1, and the following examples are the same), and uniformly mixing for later use; spray drying to obtain powdered radix Panacis Quinquefolii extract; during spray drying, a centrifugal spray drying unit is selected, the air inlet temperature is 170 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 80 ℃, and the rotation speed of an atomizer is 25000r/min, so that the powdery American ginseng extract is prepared;

(2) Weighing the dried sliced rhizoma polygonati, adding water, wherein the weight ratio of the rhizoma polygonati to the water is 1:20, carrying out crude extraction by adopting a hot water extraction method, uniformly mixing, heating to 90 ℃ in a water bath, and extracting for 2 hours; concentrating to about 1/6 of the original volume, and extracting; filtering the sample solution to obtain a supernatant, and obtaining a rhizoma polygonati crude extract; concentrating the crude extract by rotary evaporation, adding embedding medium (the weight ratio of maltodextrin to rhizoma Polygonati is 1:1, and the following examples are the same), and mixing well for use; spray drying to obtain powdery rhizoma Polygonati extract;

(3) Mixing guarana extract, fructus Lycii powder, mori fructus powder, and food additive with the powdered radix Panacis Quinquefolii extract obtained in (1) and rhizoma Polygonati extract obtained in (2) to obtain solid beverage;

wherein the American ginseng extract is 20 parts, the rhizoma polygonati extract is 15 parts, the medlar powder is 15 parts, the guarana extract is 0.3 part, the mulberry powder is 10 parts, the fructo-oligosaccharide is 20 parts, the sucralose is 0.1 part, and the malic acid is 0.8 part.

Example 2

(1) Weighing dry sliced American ginseng, adding water, wherein the weight ratio of the American ginseng to the water is 1:18; carrying out crude extraction by adopting a hot water extraction method, mixing uniformly, heating to 85 ℃ in a water bath, extracting for 2.5 hours, filtering a sample liquid, and taking a supernatant to obtain a American ginseng crude extract; carrying out rotary evaporation concentration on the crude extract, and concentrating to 1/5 of the original volume; adding embedding agent maltodextrin, and uniformly mixing for later use; spray drying to obtain powdered radix Panacis Quinquefolii extract; during spray drying, a centrifugal spray drying unit is selected, the air inlet temperature is 170 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 80 ℃, and the rotation speed of an atomizer is 25000r/min, so that the powdery American ginseng extract is prepared;

(2) Weighing the dried sliced rhizoma polygonati, adding water, wherein the weight ratio of the rhizoma polygonati to the water is 1:19, carrying out crude extraction by adopting a hot water extraction method, uniformly mixing, heating to 90 ℃ in a water bath, and extracting for 2 hours; concentrating to about 1/6 of the original volume, and extracting; filtering the sample solution to obtain a supernatant, and obtaining a rhizoma polygonati crude extract; concentrating the crude extract by rotary evaporation, adding embedding medium, and mixing; spray drying to obtain powdery rhizoma Polygonati extract; during spray drying, a centrifugal spray drying unit is selected, the air inlet temperature is 170 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 80 ℃, and the rotation speed of an atomizer is 25000r/min to prepare powdery rhizoma polygonati extract;

wherein the American ginseng extract is 22 parts, the rhizoma polygonati extract is 16 parts, the medlar powder is 14 parts, the guarana extract is 0.4 part, the mulberry powder is 13 parts, the fructo-oligosaccharide is 22 parts, the sucralose is 0.1 part, and the malic acid is 1 part.

Example 3

(1) Weighing dry sliced American ginseng, adding water, wherein the weight ratio of the American ginseng to the water is 1:21, a step of; carrying out crude extraction by adopting a hot water extraction method, mixing uniformly, heating to 92 ℃ in a water bath, extracting for 2 hours, filtering a sample solution, and taking a supernatant to obtain a American ginseng crude extract; carrying out rotary evaporation concentration on the crude extract, and concentrating to 1/6 of the original volume; adding embedding agent maltodextrin, and uniformly mixing for later use; spray drying to obtain powdered radix Panacis Quinquefolii extract; during spray drying, a centrifugal spray drying unit is selected, the air inlet temperature is 170 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 80 ℃, and the rotation speed of an atomizer is 25000r/min, so that the powdery American ginseng extract is prepared;

(2) Weighing the dried sliced rhizoma polygonati, adding water, wherein the weight ratio of the rhizoma polygonati to the water is 1:20, carrying out crude extraction by adopting a hot water extraction method, uniformly mixing, heating to 90 ℃ in a water bath, and extracting for 2.5h; concentrating to about 1/5 of the original volume, and extracting; filtering the sample solution to obtain a supernatant, and obtaining a rhizoma polygonati crude extract; concentrating the crude extract by rotary evaporation, adding embedding agent maltodextrin, and mixing well for use; spray drying to obtain powdery rhizoma Polygonati extract; during spray drying, a centrifugal spray drying unit is selected, the air inlet temperature is 170 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 80 ℃, and the rotation speed of an atomizer is 25000r/min to prepare powdery rhizoma polygonati extract;

wherein the American ginseng extract is 20 parts, the rhizoma polygonati extract is 14 parts, the medlar powder is 14.5 parts, the guarana extract is 0.4 part, the mulberry powder is 12 parts, the fructo-oligosaccharide is 22 parts, the sucralose is 0.1 part, and the malic acid is 1 part.

Example 4

wherein the American ginseng extract is 19 parts, the rhizoma polygonati extract is 14 parts, the medlar powder is 15 parts, the guarana extract is 0.4 part, the mulberry powder is 12 parts, the fructo-oligosaccharide is 22 parts, the stevioside is 0.1 part, and the malic acid is 1 part.

Example 5

(1) Cleaning American ginseng, slicing, draining, placing on a tray, drying at 60 ℃ until the water content of the material is below 6%, pulverizing the cooled material by a pulverizer, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, and performing superfine grinding to obtain dried American ginseng powder, and performing steam explosion treatment to obtain steam exploded American ginseng powder;

the steam explosion maintenance time, the steam explosion pressure and the superfine grinding time are shown in figures 1, 3, 4 and 5;

weighing steam-exploded American ginseng powder, and adding water, wherein the weight ratio of the steam-exploded American ginseng powder to the water is 1:20, a step of; carrying out crude extraction by adopting a hot water extraction method, mixing uniformly, heating to 90 ℃ in water bath, extracting for 2 hours, filtering a sample solution, and taking a supernatant to obtain a American ginseng crude extract; carrying out rotary evaporation concentration on the crude extract, and concentrating to 1/6 of the original volume; adding embedding agent maltodextrin, and uniformly mixing for later use; spray drying to obtain powdered radix Panacis Quinquefolii extract; during spray drying, a centrifugal spray drying unit is selected, the air inlet temperature is 170 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 80 ℃, and the rotation speed of an atomizer is 25000r/min, so that the powdery American ginseng extract is prepared;

(2) Weighing the dried sliced rhizoma polygonati, adding water, wherein the weight ratio of the rhizoma polygonati to the water is 1:20, carrying out crude extraction by adopting a hot water extraction method, uniformly mixing, heating to 90 ℃ in a water bath, and extracting for 2 hours; concentrating to about 1/6 of the original volume, and extracting; filtering the sample solution to obtain a supernatant, and obtaining a rhizoma polygonati crude extract; concentrating the crude extract by rotary evaporation, adding embedding agent maltodextrin, and mixing well for use; spray drying to obtain powdery rhizoma Polygonati extract;

Example 6

Regarding whether or not the steam explosion treatment of American ginseng in example 5 has a remarkable promoting effect on the elution of polysaccharide, the present inventors conducted the following experiments:

6.1 examining the influence of different treatment modes on the content of crude polysaccharide in American ginseng, wherein the specific results are as follows:

as can be seen from the figure 1, the crude polysaccharide content is increased after the steam explosion and the ultra-micro treatment. The crude polysaccharide is greatly increased in the steam explosion treatment of the American ginseng powder, the steam explosion of the American ginseng powder is 1.2MPa,60s of the American ginseng powder, the crude polysaccharide content reaches 206.67mg/g, and the crude polysaccharide content is 50.32mg/g compared with that of the common American ginseng powder, and is improved by 3.107 times.

Meanwhile, as the steam explosion maintenance time and the steam explosion pressure are gradually increased, the dissolution rate of the crude polysaccharide is gradually increased, because the steam is more fully permeated into the material along with the increase of the steam explosion maintenance time, and the expansion force of the steam is fully acted on the material during sudden decompression, so that the dissolution rate of the crude polysaccharide is improved. As the steam explosion pressure is increased, the dissolution rate of crude polysaccharide is gradually increased, and as the steam pressure is increased, the holes for dissolving substances in American ginseng can be effectively opened, the dissolution of crude polysaccharide can be accelerated, the generation and the amplification of a porous network in the material are promoted by steam explosion, and the porous property is changed, so that the extraction process is improved.

The superfine powder can lead dietary fibers in the American ginseng powder to be redistributed, the content of crude polysaccharide is obviously increased, the content of the crude polysaccharide in the American ginseng powder is 108.28mg/g which is higher than that of the common American ginseng powder by 115 mg/g, the analysis reasons show that the superfine powder is more favorable for breaking the cell wall of the American ginseng powder, thereby reducing mass transfer resistance and promoting the release of intracellular substances. In general, steam explosion and superfine energy can effectively promote the release of bioactive substances in American ginseng powder, and the nutritional value of the American ginseng powder is fully utilized.

6.2 examining the influence of different treatment modes on the microstructure of the American ginseng powder

Figures 2.1-2.9 show the effect of the microstructure of American ginseng after steam explosion treatment. As can be seen from the figure, compared with the control, the American ginseng fiber bundle is sheared and deformed after steam explosion treatment, and the surface of the fiber is gradually changed from the original smooth and flat structure into a rough irregular structure with gaps. Because of the steam explosion treatment, the American ginseng fiber bundles become loose, have rough surfaces, are more likely to break and crush, and are easier to dissolve out internal substances.

The common powder and the superfine powder have more complete tissue structures, wherein the common powder has larger and uneven particles, and most of the common powder is observed to be in a block shape; the particle size of the superfine powder is reduced, the shape is changed into round particles from a block shape, but the agglomeration phenomenon is serious, the surface adsorption of the superfine powder is enhanced after the particle size is reduced, the interaction force between the powder is increased, and the phenomena of dense distribution and increased apparent particle size are shown. In addition, the tissue destruction degree of the superfine powder is also observed to be obviously higher than that of the common powder, which can be used for explaining the reason that the cell wall breakage rate of the superfine powder is obviously higher than that of the common powder.

In the attached figures 2.1-2.9, the microscopic structure pictures of the scanning electron microscope of the common American ginseng powder, the steam exploded 0.6MPa, the 60s American ginseng powder, the steam exploded 0.9MPa, the 60s American ginseng powder, the steam exploded 1.2MPa, the 60s American ginseng powder, the steam exploded 0.6MPa, the 30s American ginseng powder, the steam exploded 0.6MPa, the 90s American ginseng powder, the superfine 3min American ginseng powder, the superfine 5min American ginseng powder and the superfine 7min American ginseng powder are sequentially from top to bottom, the left side is enlarged by 5000 times, and the right side is enlarged by 1000 times.

DPPH clearance, ABTS clearance, superoxide anion clearance and hydroxyl radical clearance of products obtained under different treatment conditions are shown in tables 1-3 and figures 3-5 respectively.

TABLE 1 detection values of DPPH under different treatment conditions

Numbering device	Treatment conditions	Concentration (mg/ml)	Clearance (%)
				1	No treatment	25	75.9
2	Steam explosion of 0.6MPa,60s	25	89
				3	Steam explosion of 0.9MPa,60s	25	74.7
4	Steam explosion of 1.2MPa,60s	25	86.9
				5	Steam explosion of 0.6MPa,30s	25	77.3
6	Steam explosion of 0.6MPa,90s	25	87.3
				7	Ultramicro 3min	25	70.6
8	Ultramicro 5min	25	79.8
				9	Ultramicro 7min	25	75.1

Note that: the no treatment in table 1 refers to: the process of example 5 was used to extract common American ginseng powder without steam explosion treatment or ultrafine pulverization, as follows.

As can be seen from Table 1, under the condition of maintaining 0.6MPa and 60s during steam explosion treatment, the DPPH clearance of the product is highest and reaches about 89 percent; when the pressure of the steam explosion is further increased, the DPPH clearance rate of the product is reduced (number 4); when the steam explosion time is further prolonged, the DPPH clearance of the product is also reduced.

TABLE 2 detection values of ABTS under different treatment conditions

Numbering device	Treatment conditions	Concentration (mg/ml)	Clearance (%)
				1	No treatment	100	83.5
2	Steam explosion of 0.6MPa,60s	100	88.2
				3	Steam explosion of 0.9MPa,60s	100	87.5
4	Steam explosion of 1.2MPa,60s	100	87.6
				5	Steam explosion of 0.6MPa,30s	100	88.2
6	Steam explosion of 0.6MPa,90s	100	91
				7	Ultramicro 3min	100	83.7
8	Ultramicro 5min	100	82.8
				9	Ultramicro 7min	100	83.7

As can be seen from Table 2, the clearance of ABTS was highest at 0.6MPa and 90s, and it was found that the clearance was about 91%.

TABLE 3 detection values of superoxide anions under different treatment conditions

As can be seen from Table 3, the removal rate of superoxide anions is highest and reaches 74.1% when the steam explosion is carried out at 0.6MPa for 60 s. When the steam explosion pressure is further increased to 0.9 and 1.2MPa, the removal rate of superoxide anions is reduced.

From the above results, the oxidation resistance was good when the steam explosion was 0.6MPa,60s or 0.6MPa,90 s. The longer the duration is, the larger the steam explosion pressure is, which is not beneficial to the improvement of the oxidation resistance of the product.

Example 7

A preparation method of a composition containing American ginseng extract and rhizoma polygonati extract is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) Cleaning 300g of American ginseng, slicing, draining, arranging a tray, drying at 60 ℃ until the water content of the material is less than 6%, crushing the cooled material, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, superfine crushing for 7min, sieving with the 80-mesh sieve, and performing steam explosion treatment on the obtained American ginseng dry powder to obtain steam exploded American ginseng powder;

the steam explosion maintenance time is 60s, and the steam explosion pressure is 0.6MPa;

(2) Weighing 300g of dry sliced rhizoma polygonati, adding water, wherein the weight ratio of the rhizoma polygonati to the water is 1:20, carrying out crude extraction by adopting a hot water extraction method, uniformly mixing, heating to 90 ℃ in a water bath, and extracting for 2 hours; concentrating to about 1/6 of the original volume, and extracting; filtering the sample solution to obtain a supernatant, and obtaining a rhizoma polygonati crude extract; concentrating the crude extract by rotary evaporation, adding embedding agent maltodextrin, and mixing well for use; spray drying to obtain powdery rhizoma Polygonati extract;

(3) Mixing 20g of Guarana extract, 20g of medlar powder and 20g of mulberry powder with the American ginseng extract prepared in the step (1) and the rhizoma polygonati extract prepared in the step (2) to obtain a composition.

Example 8

The difference from example 7 is that (3) 20g of guarana extract, 20g of medlar powder, 20g of mulberry powder, 20g of maltitol, 30g of sorbitol, 5g of citric acid are mixed with the American ginseng extract prepared in (1) and the sealwort extract prepared in (2), to obtain a composition.

Claims

1. A composition comprising an extract of American ginseng and an extract of Polygonatum sibiricum, characterized in that said composition is prepared by the following steps:

(1) Cleaning 300g American ginseng, slicing, draining, arranging a tray, drying at 60 ℃ until the water content of the material is less than 6%, crushing the cooled material, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, superfine crushing for 7min, sieving with the 80-mesh sieve, and performing steam explosion treatment on the obtained American ginseng dry powder to obtain steam exploded American ginseng powder;

weighing steam-exploded American ginseng powder, and adding water, wherein the weight ratio of the steam-exploded American ginseng powder to the water is 1:20, a step of; carrying out crude extraction by adopting a hot water extraction method, mixing uniformly, heating to 90 ℃ in a water bath, extracting for 2h, filtering a sample liquid, and taking a supernatant to obtain a American ginseng crude extract; carrying out rotary evaporation concentration on the crude extract, and concentrating to 1/6 of the original volume; adding embedding agent maltodextrin, and uniformly mixing for later use; spray drying to obtain powdered radix Panacis Quinquefolii extract; during spray drying, a centrifugal spray drying unit is selected, the air inlet temperature is 170 ℃, the air outlet temperature is 80 ℃, and the rotation speed of an atomizer is 25000r/min to prepare powdery American ginseng extract;

(2) Weighing dried sliced rhizoma polygonati 300g, adding water, wherein the weight ratio of the rhizoma polygonati to the water is 1:20, carrying out crude extraction by adopting a hot water extraction method, mixing uniformly, heating to 90 ℃ in a water bath, extracting for 2h, concentrating to 1/6 of the original volume, and extracting; filtering the sample solution to obtain a crude extract of rhizoma Polygonati, concentrating the crude extract by rotary evaporation, adding embedding medium maltodextrin, mixing, and spray drying to obtain a powdery rhizoma Polygonati extract;

(3) Mixing guarana extract 20g, fructus Lycii powder 20g, and Mori fructus powder 20g with radix Panacis Quinquefolii extract prepared in (1) and rhizoma Polygonati extract prepared in (2) to obtain composition.