CN114147996B - Composite material structure containing internal channel with large slenderness ratio and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composite material structure containing internal channel with large slenderness ratio and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114147996B CN114147996B CN202111405003.XA CN202111405003A CN114147996B CN 114147996 B CN114147996 B CN 114147996B CN 202111405003 A CN202111405003 A CN 202111405003A CN 114147996 B CN114147996 B CN 114147996B
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- composite material
- teflon
- internal channel
- slenderness ratio
- channel
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XQUPVDVFXZDTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[[4-(2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)phenyl]methyl]phenyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C(C=C1)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N2C(C=CC2=O)=O)C=C1 XQUPVDVFXZDTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000840 ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013007 heat curing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003192 poly(bis maleimide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009704 powder extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- PEVRKKOYEFPFMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoroprop-1-ene;1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)F.FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F PEVRKKOYEFPFMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001774 Perfluoroether Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920009441 perflouroethylene propylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920011301 perfluoro alkoxyl alkane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007723 die pressing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
- B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
- B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
- B29C70/342—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation using isostatic pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
- B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
- B29C70/345—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation using matched moulds
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a composite material structure containing a large slenderness ratio internal channel and a preparation method thereof, which belong to the technical field of composite material application and manufacture.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite material application and manufacturing, and particularly relates to a composite material structure containing a large slenderness ratio internal channel and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The large length-diameter ratio composite material part refers to a hollow thin-wall part with the ratio of the length dimension to the transverse dimension exceeding 30, has the characteristics of light weight, high strength, high rigidity, difficult deformation, good channel tightness and the like, and is widely applied to various fields of aviation, aerospace, automobiles and the like.
At present, a soluble mold curing molding or rubber expansion molding method is generally adopted for the large slenderness ratio composite material part. The large-long-thin ratio composite material pipe has the defects of large processing error, poor surface quality, large deformation amount, difficult demoulding and the like due to the long length and the small width of the composite material pipe; by adopting the rubber expansion molding method, the silicone rubber core has the characteristics of low strength, poor temperature resistance, low rigidity and the like, and the cured rubber is easy to fail or is broken, so that the demolding and other phenomena are difficult to realize.
Therefore, how to manufacture a composite material structure with a large slenderness ratio internal channel is a technical problem to be solved by related industries.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a composite material structure containing a large slenderness ratio internal channel and a preparation method thereof, and by adopting a teflon core material with self-demolding property, thermal expansion property and high temperature resistance property, the composite material structure containing the large slenderness ratio internal channel can be molded at a high efficiency and low cost in a wider curing temperature range.
In order to solve the above-mentioned purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the preparation method of the composite material structure with the large slenderness ratio internal channel comprises the following steps:
1) According to the shape of an internal channel of the composite material to be prepared, carrying out sheet mechanical processing molding or powder extrusion molding on the teflon material to obtain a teflon core material with a smooth surface; cutting out a composite material sheet of the prepreg according to the structural shape of the composite material to be prepared; machining, solidifying and forming a mould for manufacturing according to the structural shape of the composite material to be manufactured;
2) Wrapping a plurality of layers of composite material sheets on the teflon core material, wherein the wrapping process should be continuous, so as to avoid the occurrence of layering process boundaries;
3) Firstly, paving a whole layer of composite material sheet in a forming die to form an integral bearing layer at the bottom of the channel; then placing the teflon core material wrapped in the step 2) at a corresponding position, and additionally paving a composite material tablet or foam between the adjacent teflon core materials; then, continuously paving a whole layer of composite material sheet above to form an integral bearing layer at the upper part of the channel, and finishing paving the composite material structure of the inner channel with a large slenderness ratio; finally, making bags and sealing;
4) Heating, solidifying and forming the materials laid in the die in the step 3), applying the pressure required by solidifying the upper and lower composite material sheets of the cooling channel by utilizing the thermal expansion characteristic of the teflon material, and adopting corresponding composite material solidifying technological parameters during solidification;
5) After heating, solidifying and forming, cooling and demoulding, wherein the teflon material still has higher strength after being subjected to high temperature, and the teflon core material is pulled out by utilizing the self-demoulding characteristic of the teflon material, so that the composite material structure containing the internal channel with the large slenderness ratio is obtained.
Preferably, the shape of the composite material internal channel is circular or any polygon such as triangle, quadrangle, pentagon and the like.
Preferably, the teflon core material is Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkoxy vinyl ether copolymer (PFA), perfluoroethylene propylene copolymer (FEP), or ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (ETFE).
Preferably, the composite material is selected from high-strength medium-mode carbon fibers such as T300, T700, T800, T1100 and the like, or selected from high-strength high-mode carbon fibers such as M40J, M J and the like; the resin system of the composite material is selected from medium-temperature epoxy, high-temperature epoxy, bismaleimide resin, cyano resin, polyimide and the like.
Preferably, for better surface forming quality, a pressure equalizing pad, such as silicone rubber or other sheet material with better surface quality characteristics, can be arranged above the bag when the bag is sealed.
Preferably, the heat curing molding uses a vacuum bagging, autoclave or compression molding process.
Preferably, the curing temperature of the heat curing molding is from room temperature to 300 ℃.
Preferably, the teflon core material is exposed at both ends relative to the composite web and at least one end is at least 20mm longer when laid in the mold.
Preferably, during demolding, pliers are used for clamping one end of the teflon core material, which is exposed by at least 20mm, the teflon core material is pulled out along the length direction, and a special pulling tool with a guiding function can be independently prepared if necessary.
The composite material structure containing the internal channel with the large slenderness ratio is prepared by the method.
Aiming at the problem that the prior art is not feasible to form the composite material structure containing the internal channel with the large slenderness ratio by adopting a soluble die or rubber expansion, the invention provides the composite material structure containing the internal channel with the large slenderness ratio and the preparation method thereof, and the composite material structure containing the internal channel with the large slenderness ratio is prepared with high quality and high precision by adopting the teflon core material with the self-demoulding characteristic.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a composite material structure with a large slenderness ratio internal channel.
Detailed Description
In order to make the above features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
The preparation method provided by the invention is adopted to prepare the composite material structure containing the internal channel with the large slenderness ratio shown in the figure 1, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) According to the shape of an internal channel of the composite material to be prepared, the shape is a circle or any polygon such as a triangle, a quadrangle, a pentagon and the like, the embodiment is a quadrangle, and the teflon material is subjected to sheet mechanical processing molding or powder extrusion molding to obtain a teflon core material with a smooth surface; the teflon core material is PTFE, PFA, FEP or ETFE, and PTFE is selected in the embodiment; cutting out a composite material sheet of the prepreg according to the structural shape of the composite material to be prepared; the composite material is selected from high-strength medium-mode carbon fibers such as T300, T700, T800, T1100 and the like, or selected from high-strength high-mode carbon fibers such as M40J, M J and the like; the resin system of the composite material is selected from medium-temperature epoxy, high-temperature epoxy, bismaleimide resin, cyano resin, polyimide and the like; t300 and bismaleimide resin are selected in the embodiment; machining, solidifying and forming a mould for manufacturing according to the structural shape of the composite material to be manufactured;
2) Wrapping a plurality of layers of composite material sheets on the teflon core material, wherein the wrapping process should be continuous, so as to avoid the occurrence of layering process boundaries;
3) Firstly, paving a whole layer of composite material sheet in a forming die to form an integral bearing layer at the bottom of the channel; then placing the teflon core material wrapped in the step 2) at a corresponding position, and additionally paving a composite material tablet or foam between the adjacent teflon core materials; then, continuously paving a whole layer of composite material sheet above, wherein the teflon core material is exposed relative to the two ends of the composite material sheet, at least one end of the teflon core material grows at least 20mm, and paving an integral bearing layer at the upper part of the channel to finish paving a composite material structure of an internal channel with a large slenderness ratio; finally, making bags and sealing; when the bag is made and sealed, a pressure equalizing pad such as silicon rubber or other sheet materials with good surface quality characteristics is arranged above the bag to obtain good surface molding quality;
4) Heating, curing and forming the materials laid in the die in the step 3), wherein one of vacuum bag pressing (a baking oven), an autoclave or a die pressing process can be adopted, the temperature is controlled to be between room temperature and 300 ℃, the pressure required by curing the upper and lower composite material sheets of the cooling channel is applied by utilizing the thermal expansion characteristic of the teflon material, and corresponding composite material curing technological parameters are adopted during curing;
5) After heating, solidifying and forming, cooling and demolding, clamping one end of the teflon core material, which is exposed by at least 20mm, by using pliers, pulling the teflon core material out along the length direction, and independently preparing a special pulling-out tool with a guiding function when necessary; the teflon material still has higher strength after high temperature, and the teflon core material is pulled out by utilizing the self-demolding characteristic of the teflon material, so that the composite material structure containing the internal channel with the large slenderness ratio is obtained.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood that the invention is not limited thereto, and that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto by those skilled in the art, which modifications and equivalents are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The preparation method of the composite material structure containing the internal channel with the large slenderness ratio is characterized in that the composite material structure containing the internal channel with the large slenderness ratio is a hollow thin-wall structure with the ratio of the length dimension to the transverse dimension exceeding 30, and the composite material structure is used in the fields of aviation, aerospace and automobiles, and comprises the following steps:
1) According to the shape of the internal channel of the composite material to be prepared, carrying out sheet mechanical processing molding or powder extrusion molding on the teflon material to obtain a teflon core material with a smooth surface, wherein the teflon core material is polytetrafluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkoxy vinyl ether copolymer, perfluoroethylene propylene copolymer or ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer; cutting out a composite material sheet of the prepreg according to the structural shape of the composite material to be prepared; machining, solidifying and forming a mould for manufacturing according to the structural shape of the composite material to be manufactured;
2) Wrapping a plurality of layers of composite material sheets on the teflon core material, wherein the wrapping process should be continuous, so as to avoid the occurrence of layering process boundaries;
3) Firstly, paving a whole layer of composite material sheet in a mould to form an integral bearing layer at the bottom of the channel; then placing the teflon core material wrapped in the step 2) at a corresponding position, and additionally paving a composite material tablet or foam between the adjacent teflon core materials; then, continuously paving a whole layer of composite material sheet above to form an integral bearing layer at the upper part of the channel, and finishing paving the composite material structure of the inner channel with a large slenderness ratio; finally, making bags and sealing;
4) Heating, solidifying and forming the materials laid in the die in the step 3), applying the pressure required by solidifying the upper and lower composite material sheets of the cooling channel by utilizing the thermal expansion characteristic of the teflon material, and adopting corresponding composite material solidifying technological parameters during solidification;
5) After heating, solidifying and forming, cooling and demoulding, wherein the teflon material still has higher strength after being subjected to high temperature, and the teflon core material is pulled out by utilizing the self-demoulding characteristic of the teflon material, so that the composite material structure containing the internal channel with the large slenderness ratio is obtained.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the composite material internal channel is circular or any polygonal in shape.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the composite material is selected from the group consisting of high strength medium mode carbon fibers, including T300, T700, T800, and T1100; or selecting high-strength high-modulus carbon fiber comprising M40J or M55J; the resin system of the composite material is selected from medium-temperature epoxy, high-temperature epoxy, bismaleimide resin, cyano resin or polyimide.
4. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure equalizing pad is arranged above the bag when the bag is sealed.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the heat curing is performed using a vacuum bagging, autoclave, or compression molding process.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the heat cure molding has a cure temperature of from room temperature to 300 ℃.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the teflon core material is exposed at both ends relative to the composite web and is at least 20mm longer at least one end when laid in the mold.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the teflon core is pulled out in the length direction by clamping the end of the teflon core that is exposed by at least 20mm with pliers at the time of demolding.
9. A composite structure comprising internal channels of high slenderness ratio, prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-8.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111405003.XA CN114147996B (en) | 2021-11-24 | 2021-11-24 | Composite material structure containing internal channel with large slenderness ratio and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111405003.XA CN114147996B (en) | 2021-11-24 | 2021-11-24 | Composite material structure containing internal channel with large slenderness ratio and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114147996A CN114147996A (en) | 2022-03-08 |
| CN114147996B true CN114147996B (en) | 2024-01-09 |
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