CN114145386A - Environment-friendly type predigested nutrition-enriched feed and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Environment-friendly type predigested nutrition-enriched feed and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114145386A
CN114145386A CN202111561699.5A CN202111561699A CN114145386A CN 114145386 A CN114145386 A CN 114145386A CN 202111561699 A CN202111561699 A CN 202111561699A CN 114145386 A CN114145386 A CN 114145386A
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parts
fermentation
feed
raw materials
enzyme
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王润之
伍冠锁
郗正林
匡伟
何宗亮
崔超
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Nanjing Institute Of Animal Husbandry And Poultry Science
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Nanjing Institute Of Animal Husbandry And Poultry Science
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
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    • A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/174—Vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
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    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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    • A23K20/22—Compounds of alkali metals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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    • A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
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    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

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Abstract

The invention discloses an environment-friendly predigested nutrition-enriched feed and a preparation method thereof, wherein the feed comprises the following raw materials: the feed comprises a fungus enzyme fermentation product, transfer factor freeze-dried powder, compound vitamins, amino acid chelated trace elements, fluorite powder, sodium humate, charcoal residue and salt. According to the invention, a puffing technology is adopted to predigest a protein raw material, then a fermentation raw material is sterilized by microwave, then a bacterium enzyme synergistic fermentation technology is adopted to ferment the protein raw material and a traditional Chinese medicine formula raw material, then a nutrition enhancer is added into a fermentation product, and finally a special rice grain feed in the shape of artificial rice is formed by molding through a granulator. The feed contains a large amount of probiotics, a complex enzyme preparation, active peptides and amino acids which are easy to absorb and utilize, and other metabolites, can adjust the balance of poultry intestinal flora, enhance the organism immunity function, simultaneously greatly improve the digestion utilization rate of poultry to protein, reduce the feeding amount, thereby reducing the ammonia discharge amount in excrement, reducing the harmful gas content in air, and purifying the poultry breeding environment.

Description

Environment-friendly type predigested nutrition-enriched feed and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological feed, and particularly relates to environment-friendly predigested nutrition-enriched feed and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the continuous increase of livestock and poultry breeding scale and the rapid development of intensive breeding mode, a large amount of livestock and poultry excrement and urine intensively discharges volatile ammoniaGas (NH)-) Not only causes great pollution to the environment, but also seriously affects the health of livestock and poultry, induces various diseases and reduces the production benefit. Ammonia gas is a toxic, colorless and strongly irritating odorous gas, and is perceived at a minimum concentration of 5.3 ppm. Ammonia gas has water solubility of 907g in 1L water at 0 deg.C, and is adsorbed on skin mucosa and eye conjunctiva of chicken, thereby causing irritation and inflammation. The data show that when the ammonia concentration in the chicken house reaches 20ppm and lasts for 6 weeks, congestion and edema of the chicken lungs, appetite reduction of chicken flocks and laying rate reduction can be caused; when the concentration reaches 50ppm, the chicken can suffer from larynx edema, necrotic bronchitis, pulmonary hemorrhage, respiratory rate reduction and death after several days; up to 80ppm and lasting for 2 months can result in a 90% reduction in laying rate and an increase in mortality rate; up to 100ppm, the mortality rate will increase significantly. It can be said that the presence of ammonia has a great threat to the growth of poultry, and the ammonia concentration in poultry houses should generally be kept below 20 ppm.
The poultry housing is capable of smelling, and the poultry digestive tract is short, so that chyme stays in the poultry housing for a short time, the digestion rate is low, 20% -25% of nutrients cannot be digested and absorbed by organisms and are discharged out of the poultry housing along with excrement, and part of sulfur-containing protein is decomposed by microorganisms under the conditions of proper temperature and humidity, and a large amount of ammonia gas and hydrogen sulfide gas are discharged, so that air in the poultry housing is polluted. The nitrogen content in the poultry manure is up to 70%, and uric acid and urea in the poultry manure are easily decomposed into ammonia by urease. According to investigation, the concentration and discharge amount of ammonia in poultry houses are generally higher than those in livestock houses. The ammonia nitrogen discharge pollution seriously restricts the sustainable development of livestock and poultry breeding in China.
Since the odor of the excrements in the poultry house is related to the food it takes, if the feed structure is changed, the composition of the excrements of the poultry can be changed, thereby fundamentally reducing the peculiar smell. The feed pre-digestion technology is a novel feed processing technology which simulates the digestion process of animals according to the specific characteristics of different raw materials and carries out specific pre-digestion treatment on the feed, can reduce the content of antinutritional factors in the feed, relieve the digestion pressure of livestock and poultry, increase the digestion and absorption of the livestock and poultry on the feed, improve the conversion efficiency of the feed, reduce the fermentation effect of harmful microorganisms in the rear intestinal section of the livestock and poultry on the feed, further improve the growth performance of the livestock and poultry, and reduce the waste of the feed raw materials and the content of excrement; can relieve the stress of newborn livestock and poultry caused by gastrointestinal tract insufficiency to a certain extent, and the predigestion of raw materials is also an important way for reducing the use of antibiotics, which opens up a new nutrition field outside the traditional nutrition field, has great advantages for the sustainable development of animal husbandry, and has wide application prospect in the feed industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems solved by the invention are as follows: provides an environment-friendly predigested nutrition-enriched feed and a preparation method thereof.
Specifically, the environment-friendly type predigested nutrition-enriched feed is composed of a pretreated protein raw material, traditional Chinese medicines fermented by the synergy of bacteria and enzymes, transfer factor freeze-dried powder, compound vitamins, amino acid chelated trace elements, a small amount of fluorite powder, sodium humate and charcoal residues. According to the invention, firstly, a puffing technology is adopted to pre-digest protein raw materials, then a microwave heating technology is adopted to heat and sterilize fermentation raw materials, then a bacterium enzyme synergistic fermentation technology is adopted to ferment the protein raw materials and traditional Chinese medicine formula raw materials, then a nutrition enhancer is added into a fermentation product, and finally a granulator is used to mould to form the characteristic granulated feed in the shape of artificial rice grains.
The environment-friendly type predigested nutrition-enriched feed contains a large amount of probiotics, a complex enzyme preparation, active peptides and amino acids which are easy to absorb and utilize after being subjected to predigestion treatment such as puffing, enzymolysis, biological fermentation and the like, so that the digestion utilization rate of poultry to feed protein is greatly improved, the feeding amount is reduced, a large amount of excessive amino acids are prevented from being accumulated in the body, the waste of protein feed is avoided, the discharge amount of ammonia in excrement can be reduced, bacteria are inhibited from generating harmful gas, the content of harmful gas in the air is reduced, and the poultry breeding environment is purified. Meanwhile, the feed formula provided by the invention is used for preparing the nutrition-enhanced daily ration according to the nutritional requirements of the poultry, so that the lack, deficiency or surplus of nutrient substances in the daily ration is avoided, the balance of intestinal flora of the poultry can be maintained, the organism immunity function is further enhanced, the health level of the poultry can be improved, and the quality of meat and eggs is improved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an environment-friendly type predigested nutrition-enriched feed is composed of the following raw materials by weight: 70-90 parts of a fungal enzyme fermentation product, 0.5-1 part of a transfer factor freeze-dried powder, 1-3 parts of a compound vitamin, 0.5-2 parts of an amino acid chelated trace element, 1-5 parts of fluorite powder, 0.1-0.6 part of sodium humate, 0.5-2 parts of charcoal residue and 0.5-1 part of salt.
The compound vitamin comprises vitamin A, beta-carotene, vitamin D, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, nicotinamide, nicotinic acid and pantothenic acid.
The amino acid chelated microelements comprise amino acid chelated iron, amino acid chelated copper, amino acid chelated zinc, amino acid chelated manganese, amino acid chelated selenium and amino acid chelated calcium.
The preparation method of the environment-friendly pre-digested nutrition-enhanced feed is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) preparation of bacterial enzyme fermentation product:
a: pretreatment of raw materials: firstly, respectively pretreating 100 portions of wheat bran, 100 portions of soybean, 220 portions of pea, 100 portions of corn, 220 portions of bean pulp, 220 portions of corn protein powder, 220 portions of barley, 300 portions of red date, 50-150 portions of radix codonopsitis, 50-150 portions of glossy privet fruit, 50-150 portions of radix astragali and 50-150 portions of angelica by adopting conventional means of impurity picking, separation and the like, removing non-raw material foreign matters and crushing the foreign matters to pass through 40-80 meshes;
b: puffing: weighing the coarse cereals and the traditional Chinese medicine raw materials prepared in the step a according to the using amount and the proportion, uniformly mixing, and putting into an extrusion type bulking machine for bulking at the temperature of 120-130 ℃ under the pressure of 3-5 MPa, wherein the time of the raw materials in a machine chamber is not more than 30S, and the duration of the highest temperature is 5-6S;
c: microwave sterilization: b, putting the raw materials puffed in the step b into microwave sterilization equipment to perform microwave sterilization on the mixed materials, wherein the sterilization temperature is 75-80 ℃, and the sterilization time is 3-8 min for later use;
d: preparing compound bacterial liquid required by fermentation: the compound bacteria comprise lactobacillus acidophilus, clostridium butyricum, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus butyricum, lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus butyrus, and lactobacillus acidophilus,The composite material comprises saccharomycetes, bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus plantarum, and the weight parts of the components are respectively as follows: 22-38 parts of lactobacillus acidophilus, 8-24 parts of clostridium butyricum, 15-30 parts of microzyme, 22-34 parts of bacillus subtilis and 15-30 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, and the composite bacteria are all added into warm water at the temperature of 32-40 ℃ to be activated for 0.5-1.5 hours to prepare the bacteria with the bacteria number of 0.5 multiplied by 107～1.0×109cfu/mL of composite bacterial liquid;
e: preparing compound enzyme liquid required by fermentation: the complex enzyme comprises phytase, xylanase, mannase, cellulase, protease, amylase and NSP complex enzyme, and the weight parts of the components are respectively as follows: 8-20 parts of phytase, 5-20 parts of xylanase, 10-20 parts of mannase, 10-25 parts of cellulase, 10-30 parts of protease, 15-26 parts of amylase and 10-18 parts of NSP complex enzyme. Adding the complex enzymes into warm water at the temperature of 40-45 ℃ to activate for 0.5-2 hours to prepare a complex enzyme solution with the enzyme activity of 500-2200U/mL;
f: mixing bacterial enzyme fermentation materials: and c, putting the materials sterilized by the microwaves in the step c into a charging bucket, adding the compound bacterial liquid prepared in the step d and accounting for 3-5% of the weight of the added raw materials into the charging bucket, adding the compound enzyme liquid prepared in the step e and accounting for 0.1-0.5% of the weight of the added raw materials into the charging bucket, adding warm water accounting for 30% of the weight of the raw materials into the fermentation material (the water temperature is 35-50 ℃), adding water for a small amount of times, stirring for 30-60min, and uniformly mixing.
g: constant-temperature fermentation: c, filling the uniformly stirred raw materials in the step f into a fermentation container, compacting, sealing to completely seal the fermentation container, making the fermentation container airtight, and making an anaerobic environment for anaerobic fermentation; pushing the well-filled fermentation container into a fermentation chamber, wherein the temperature in the fermentation chamber is 35-40 ℃; continuously fermenting for 5-7 days; obtaining the bacterial enzyme fermentation product.
(2) Preparation of transfer factor freeze-dried powder:
a: thawing spleen of healthy animals (such as pig, cattle, sheep, chicken, duck, goose, etc.), cleaning bloodstain and spot with tap water, cleaning with sterilized normal saline for 2-3 times, removing mesentery and fat, and weighing;
b: mincing with a meat mincer, adding physiological saline with the same volume, mixing uniformly, crushing with a colloid mill, and repeatedly freezing and thawing for 3-4 times, wherein the temperature does not exceed 38 deg.C;
c: adding distilled water with the same volume, mixing, and centrifuging at 4000r/min for 15 min. Filtering the supernatant with gauze, and discarding the lower filter residue;
d: dialyzing the supernatant with dialysis bag with molecular weight cutoff of 8000-1 ten thousand at 4 deg.C in refrigerator for 24 hr, filtering the dialyzed supernatant with 0.22 μm membrane for sterilization, lyophilizing at low temperature to obtain transfer factor lyophilized powder, and storing at low temperature for use.
(3) The preparation of the environment-friendly pre-digestion nutrition-enriched feed comprises the following steps:
a: mixing materials: weighing the bacterial enzyme fermentation product prepared in the step (1), the transfer factor freeze-dried powder prepared in the step (2), compound vitamins, amino acid chelated trace elements, fluorite powder, sodium humate, charcoal slag and salt according to the weight ratio, and mixing and stirring until the raw materials are uniformly blended together; adding 30-50 parts of water, mixing the slurry and then homogenizing in a homogenizer;
b: and (3) granulating: pressing the homogenized material in the step a into a belt shape, feeding the belt into a granulator to be pressed into rice grains, then adding a proper amount of water into the starch and the gelling agent according to the use amount of 0.1-0.3mg of starch and 0.3-0.5mg of gelling agent namely konjac refined powder per kilogram of material, spraying the starch and the gelling agent on the surface of the rice grains, wrapping the rice grains to prevent the loss of the starch and the gelling agent, screening the powder by a screening machine, and screening the rice grains with good formability; obtaining artificial rice feed with diameter of 1.5-2.0mm and length of 3-5 mm;
c: and (3) drying: drying the cooled artificial rice grain feed by adopting hot air at 50-60 ℃, wherein the water content in the dried artificial rice is 7-12%; packaging to obtain the environment-friendly type predigested nutrition-enriched feed prepared by the invention.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the environment-friendly type predigested nutrition-enriched feed is subjected to predigestion treatment such as puffing, microwave sterilization, enzymolysis, biological fermentation and the like, contains a large amount of probiotics, a complex enzyme preparation, active peptides and amino acids which are easy to absorb and utilize, and other metabolites, greatly improves the digestion utilization rate of poultry to feed protein, reduces the feeding amount, avoids the accumulation of a large amount of excessive amino acids in the body, avoids the waste of protein feed, can reduce the discharge amount of ammonia in excrement, inhibits bacteria from generating harmful gas, reduces the content of harmful gas in the air, and purifies the poultry breeding environment.
(2) According to the invention, a plurality of biological enzymes and probiotics are combined to ferment Chinese medicines such as red dates, Chinese angelica, astragalus, codonopsis pilosula, glossy privet fruit and the like, so that effective components in the Chinese medicines are fully released, and the Chinese medicine and probiotics integrated Chinese medicine immunomodulator is finally prepared, so that the probiotics and the Chinese medicines have a synergistic effect, the utilization rate of the effective components of the Chinese medicines is increased, the medicine effect of the Chinese medicines is improved, the traditional Chinese medicine has the function of maintaining the balance of gastrointestinal flora of poultry organisms, and meanwhile, the immunity of the poultry organisms can be well improved.
(3) The invention adopts the feed pre-digestion technology to carry out specific pre-digestion treatment on the feed, can degrade a part of macromolecular substances in the raw materials, eliminate or degrade most anti-nutritional factors and toxic and harmful substances, and improve the content of digestible nutrients. The digestion and absorption of livestock and poultry on the feed are increased, the conversion efficiency of the feed is improved, the fermentation effect of harmful microorganisms in the rear intestine section of the livestock and poultry on the feed is reduced, and the content of excrement is reduced; can relieve the stress of newborn livestock and poultry caused by gastrointestinal tract insufficiency to a certain extent, and the predigestion of raw materials is an important way for reducing the use of antibiotics, which opens up a new nutrition field outside the traditional nutrition field.
(4) The invention adopts the puffing physical predigestion technology, changes the physical properties of the feed raw materials, reduces the digestion pressure, improves the palatability of the feed, can denature the chemical structures of starch and protein, destroys the activity of most anti-nutritional factors in the feed raw materials, increases the contact area and the action efficiency of digestive enzymes, and improves the utilization rate of the feed.
(5) The feed fermented by the bacterial enzymes in a synergistic mode is a new high-efficiency, safe and green alternative-resistance feed, and the bacterial enzymes in the synergistic mode have the functions of reducing anti-nutritional factors in the feed, improving the intestinal health of animals, improving the digestibility of the feed, protecting the ecological environment and the like. The feed is rich in lactic acid, small molecular peptides, reducing sugar, free amino acid, vitamins, enzyme and other products after being subjected to bacterium and enzyme synergistic treatment, and the products can improve the digestibility and the utilization rate of poultry on nutrient substances, and further improve the growth performance of the poultry.
(6) The transfer factor added in the formula of the invention is a mixture consisting of polypeptide and nucleotide with biological activity, can transfer the cellular immune function of donor cells to recipient cells, nonspecifically enhance the general cellular immunity and improve the immune function of the recipient, is safe and nontoxic, has no drug residue, and is a novel immunomodulator. The traditional Chinese medicine obtained by the synergistic fermentation of the bacteria and the enzymes is perfectly combined with the protein raw material, the probiotics and the transfer factor freeze-dried powder, so that the synergistic effect is exerted, the immune synergistic effect is strong, no toxic or side effect is caused, the growth of animals can be promoted, and the health state of the animals is improved.
(7) The fluorspar powder, the sodium humate and the charcoal slag are added in the formula, so that the feed digestion utilization rate of poultry can be improved, the water content of excrement can be reduced, the excrement can be dried, and the odor in the excrement can be reduced.
(8) The invention adopts microwave sterilization technology for the fermentation substrate, the microwave has penetrating performance, the heating is uniform, the sterilization effect is good, and the pollution of mixed bacteria in the fermentation is avoided.
(9) The artificial rice pellet prepared by the feed has the advantages of similar appearance and shape to real rice, rich nutrition and good palatability for poultry, is convenient to package, transport and feed, and provides a novel special feed for poultry breeding industry.
(10) According to the feed formula, the compound vitamins and the amino acid chelated trace elements are added according to the nutritional requirements of the poultry to prepare the nutrition-enhanced daily ration, so that the lack, the deficiency or the surplus of nutrient substances in the daily ration are avoided, the balance of intestinal flora of the poultry can be maintained, the immunity function of the organism is further enhanced, the health level of the poultry can be improved, and the quality of meat and eggs is improved.
Detailed Description
The above-mentioned aspects of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following specific examples. It should not be understood that the scope of the above-described subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations according to the general knowledge and conventional practice in the art are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention as described above.
Example 1
An environment-friendly type predigested nutrition-enriched feed is composed of the following raw materials by weight: 70 parts of bacterial enzyme fermentation product; 0.5 part of transfer factor freeze-dried powder; 1 part of compound vitamin, 0.5 part of amino acid chelated trace element, 1 part of fluorite powder, 0.1 part of sodium humate, 0.5 part of charcoal residue and 0.5 part of salt.
The compound vitamin comprises 0.2 part of vitamin A, 0.1 part of vitamin D, 0.1 part of vitamin C, 0.2 part of vitamin E, 10.1 parts of vitamin B, 20.1 parts of vitamin B, 60.1 parts of vitamin B and 0.1 part of nicotinamide.
The amino acid chelated trace elements comprise 0.1 part of amino acid chelated iron, 0.1 part of amino acid chelated copper, 0.1 part of amino acid chelated zinc, 0.1 part of amino acid chelated manganese and 0.1 part of amino acid chelated calcium.
The preparation method of the environment-friendly pre-digested nutrition-enhanced feed is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) preparation of bacterial enzyme fermentation product:
a: pretreatment of raw materials: firstly, respectively pretreating 100 parts of wheat bran, 100 parts of soybean, 100 parts of pea, 100 parts of corn, 100 parts of bean pulp, 100 parts of corn protein powder, 100 parts of barley, 300 parts of red date, 50 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 50 parts of glossy privet fruit, 50 parts of astragalus and 50 parts of angelica by adopting conventional means such as impurity picking, separation and the like, removing foreign matters which are not raw materials, crushing the crushed materials and sieving the crushed materials by 40 meshes;
b: puffing: weighing the coarse cereals and the traditional Chinese medicine raw materials prepared in the step a according to the using amount and proportion, uniformly mixing, and putting into an extrusion type bulking machine for bulking at the temperature of 120 ℃ and the pressure of 3MPa, wherein the time of the raw materials in a machine chamber is not more than 30S, and the duration of the highest temperature is 5S;
c: microwave sterilization: b, putting the raw materials puffed in the step b into microwave sterilization equipment to perform microwave sterilization on the mixed materials, wherein the sterilization temperature is 75 ℃, and the sterilization time is 3min for later use;
d: preparing compound bacterial liquid required by fermentation: the compound bacteria comprise Lactobacillus acidophilusClostridium butyricum, microzyme, bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus plantarum, and the components in parts by weight are respectively as follows: 22 parts of acidophilic lactobacillus, 8 parts of clostridium butyricum, 15 parts of microzyme, 22 parts of bacillus subtilis and 15 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, and the composite bacteria are all added into warm water at the temperature of 32 ℃ to be activated for 0.5 hour to prepare the bacteria number of 0.5 multiplied by 107cfu/mL of composite bacterial liquid;
e: preparing compound enzyme liquid required by fermentation: the complex enzyme comprises phytase, xylanase, mannase, cellulase, protease, amylase and NSP complex enzyme, and the weight parts of the components are respectively as follows: 8 parts of phytase, 5 parts of xylanase, 10 parts of mannase, 10 parts of cellulase, 10 parts of protease, 15 parts of amylase and 10 parts of NSP complex enzyme. Adding the complex enzymes into warm water at 40 ℃ to activate for 0.5 hour to prepare a complex enzyme solution with the enzyme activity of 500U/mL;
f: mixing bacterial enzyme fermentation materials: and c, putting the materials sterilized by the microwaves in the step c into a charging bucket, adding the compound bacterial liquid prepared in the step d and accounting for 3 percent of the weight of the added raw materials into the charging bucket, adding the compound enzyme liquid prepared in the step e and accounting for 0.1 percent of the weight of the added raw materials into the charging bucket, adding warm water accounting for 30 percent of the weight of the raw materials into the fermentation material (the water temperature is 35 ℃), adding a small amount of water for multiple times, stirring for 30min, and uniformly mixing.
g: constant-temperature fermentation: c, filling the uniformly stirred raw materials in the step f into a fermentation container, compacting, sealing to completely seal the fermentation container, making the fermentation container airtight, and making an anaerobic environment for anaerobic fermentation; pushing the well-filled fermentation container into a fermentation chamber, wherein the temperature in the fermentation chamber is 35 ℃; continuously fermenting for 5 d; obtaining the bacterial enzyme fermentation product.
(2) Preparation of transfer factor freeze-dried powder:
a: thawing healthy spleen of pig, cleaning blood stain and stain with tap water, cleaning with sterilized normal saline for 3 times, removing mesentery, and weighing fat;
b: mincing with a meat mincer, adding physiological saline with the same volume, mixing uniformly, crushing with a colloid mill, and repeatedly freezing and thawing for 3 times, wherein the temperature in the operation is not more than 38 ℃;
c: adding distilled water with the same volume, mixing, and centrifuging at 4000r/min for 15 min. Filtering the supernatant with gauze, and discarding the lower filter residue;
d: dialyzing the supernatant with dialysis bag with molecular weight cutoff of 8000-1 ten thousand at 4 deg.C in refrigerator for 24 hr, filtering the dialyzed supernatant with 0.22 μm membrane for sterilization, lyophilizing at low temperature to obtain transfer factor lyophilized powder, and storing at low temperature for use.
(3) The preparation of the environment-friendly pre-digestion nutrition-enriched feed comprises the following steps:
a: mixing materials: weighing the bacterial enzyme fermentation product prepared in the step (1), the transfer factor freeze-dried powder prepared in the step (2), compound vitamins, amino acid chelated trace elements, fluorite powder, sodium humate, charcoal slag and salt according to the weight ratio, and mixing and stirring until the raw materials are uniformly blended together; adding 30 parts of water, mixing the slurry and then homogenizing the mixture in a homogenizer;
b: and (3) granulating: pressing the homogenized material in the step a into a belt shape, feeding the belt into a granulator to be pressed into rice grains, adding starch and a gelatinizer into a proper amount of water according to the use amount of 0.1mg of starch and 0.3mg of gelatinizer namely konjac fine powder per kilogram of material, spraying the starch and the gelatinizer onto the surfaces of the rice grains to coat the surfaces of the rice grains so as to prevent the rice grains from running off, and screening out powder through a screening machine to screen out the rice grains with good formability; obtaining the artificial rice feed with the diameter of 1.5mm and the length of 3 mm;
c: and (3) drying: drying the cooled artificial rice grain feed by adopting hot air at 50 ℃, wherein the water content in the dried artificial rice is 7%; and packaging to obtain the environment-friendly type predigested nutrition-enriched feed prepared by the embodiment.
Example 2
An environment-friendly type predigested nutrition-enriched feed is composed of the following raw materials by weight: 90 parts of a bacterial enzyme fermentation product; 1 part of transfer factor freeze-dried powder; 3 parts of compound vitamin, 2 parts of amino acid chelated trace elements, 5 parts of fluorite powder, 0.6 part of sodium humate, 2 parts of charcoal residue and 1 part of salt.
The compound vitamin comprises 0.5 part of vitamin A, 0.2 part of vitamin D, 0.5 part of vitamin C, 0.3 part of vitamin E, 10.5 parts of vitamin B, 20.5 parts of vitamin B and 60.5 parts of vitamin B.
The amino acid chelated trace elements comprise 0.5 part of amino acid chelated iron, 0.5 part of amino acid chelated copper, 0.5 part of amino acid chelated zinc and 0.5 part of amino acid chelated calcium.
The preparation method of the environment-friendly pre-digested nutrition-enhanced feed is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) preparation of bacterial enzyme fermentation product:
a: pretreatment of raw materials: firstly, respectively pretreating 220 parts of wheat bran, 220 parts of soybean, 220 parts of pea, 220 parts of corn, 220 parts of soybean meal, 220 parts of corn protein powder, 220 parts of barley, 450 parts of red date, 50-150 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 150 parts of glossy privet fruit, 150 parts of astragalus and 150 parts of angelica by adopting conventional means such as impurity picking, separation and the like, removing foreign matters in non-raw materials, crushing the powder, and sieving the powder with 80 meshes;
b: puffing: weighing the coarse cereals and the traditional Chinese medicine raw materials prepared in the step a according to the using amount and proportion, uniformly mixing, and putting into an extrusion type bulking machine for bulking at the temperature of 130 ℃ and the pressure of 5MPa, wherein the time of the raw materials in a machine chamber is not more than 30S, and the duration of the highest temperature is 6S;
c: microwave sterilization: b, putting the raw materials puffed in the step b into microwave sterilization equipment to perform microwave sterilization on the mixed materials, wherein the sterilization temperature is 80 ℃, and the sterilization time is 8min for later use;
d: preparing compound bacterial liquid required by fermentation: the compound bacteria comprise lactobacillus acidophilus, clostridium butyricum, saccharomycetes, bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus plantarum, and the weight parts of the components are respectively as follows: 38 parts of acidophilic lactobacillus, 24 parts of clostridium butyricum, 30 parts of microzyme, 34 parts of bacillus subtilis and 30 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, and the composite bacteria are all added into warm water at the temperature of 40 ℃ to be activated for 1.5 hours to prepare the bacteria number of 1.0 multiplied by 109cfu/mL of composite bacterial liquid;
e: preparing compound enzyme liquid required by fermentation: the complex enzyme comprises phytase, xylanase, mannase, cellulase, protease, amylase and NSP complex enzyme, and the weight parts of the components are respectively as follows: 20 parts of phytase, 20 parts of xylanase, 20 parts of mannase, 25 parts of cellulase, 30 parts of protease, 26 parts of amylase and 18 parts of NSP complex enzyme. Adding the complex enzymes into warm water at 45 ℃ to activate for 2 hours to prepare a complex enzyme solution with the enzyme activity of 2200U/mL;
f: mixing bacterial enzyme fermentation materials: and c, putting the materials sterilized by the microwaves in the step c into a charging bucket, adding the compound bacterial liquid prepared in the step d and the compound enzyme liquid prepared in the step e, wherein the weight of the compound bacterial liquid is 5% of that of the added raw materials, adding the compound enzyme liquid prepared in the step e and the weight of the added raw materials is 0.5%, adding warm water (the water temperature is 50 ℃) which is 30% of that of the raw materials into the fermentation material, adding a small amount of warm water for multiple times when adding water, stirring for 60min, and uniformly mixing.
g: constant-temperature fermentation: c, filling the uniformly stirred raw materials in the step f into a fermentation container, compacting, sealing to completely seal the fermentation container, making the fermentation container airtight, and making an anaerobic environment for anaerobic fermentation; pushing the well-filled fermentation container into a fermentation chamber, wherein the temperature in the fermentation chamber is 40 ℃; continuously fermenting for 7 d; obtaining the bacterial enzyme fermentation product.
(2) Preparation of transfer factor freeze-dried powder:
a: thawing healthy spleen of goose, washing blood stain and stain with tap water, washing with sterilized normal saline for 3 times, removing mesentery, and weighing fat;
b: mincing with a meat mincer, adding physiological saline with the same volume, mixing uniformly, crushing with a colloid mill, and repeatedly freezing and thawing for 4 times, wherein the temperature in the operation is not more than 38 ℃;
c: adding distilled water with the same volume, mixing, and centrifuging at 4000r/min for 15 min. Filtering the supernatant with gauze, and discarding the lower filter residue;
d: dialyzing the supernatant with dialysis bag with molecular weight cutoff of 8000-1 ten thousand at 4 deg.C in refrigerator for 24 hr, filtering the dialyzed supernatant with 0.22 μm membrane for sterilization, lyophilizing at low temperature to obtain transfer factor lyophilized powder, and storing at low temperature for use.
(3) The preparation of the environment-friendly pre-digestion nutrition-enriched feed comprises the following steps:
a: mixing materials: weighing the bacterial enzyme fermentation product prepared in the step (1), the transfer factor freeze-dried powder prepared in the step (2), compound vitamins, amino acid chelated trace elements, fluorite powder, sodium humate, charcoal slag and salt according to the weight ratio, and mixing and stirring until the raw materials are uniformly blended together; adding 50 parts of water, mixing the slurry and then homogenizing the mixture in a homogenizer;
b: and (3) granulating: pressing the homogenized material in the step a into a belt shape, feeding the belt into a granulator to be pressed into rice grains, then adding starch and a gelatinizer into a proper amount of water according to the use amount of 0.2mg of starch and 0.4mg of gelatinizer namely konjac fine powder per kilogram of material, spraying the starch and the gelatinizer onto the surfaces of the rice grains to coat the surfaces of the rice grains so as to prevent the rice grains from running off, screening out powder through a screening machine, and screening out the rice grains with good formability; obtaining the artificial rice feed with the diameter of 2.0mm and the length of 5 mm;
c: and (3) drying: drying the cooled artificial rice grain feed by adopting hot air at 60 ℃, wherein the water content in the dried artificial rice is 12%; and packaging to obtain the environment-friendly type predigested nutrition-enriched feed prepared by the embodiment.
Example 3
An environment-friendly type predigested nutrition-enriched feed is composed of the following raw materials by weight: 80 parts of bacterial enzyme fermentation product; 0.8 part of transfer factor freeze-dried powder; 2 parts of compound vitamin, 1 part of amino acid chelated trace element, 3 parts of fluorite powder, 0.4 part of sodium humate, 1 part of charcoal residue and 0.8 part of salt.
The compound vitamin comprises 0.4 part of vitamin E, 10.4 parts of vitamin B, 20.4 parts of vitamin B, 60.4 parts of vitamin B and 0.4 part of pantothenic acid.
The amino acid chelated trace elements comprise 0.1 part of amino acid chelated iron, 0.1 part of amino acid chelated manganese, 0.2 part of amino acid chelated selenium and 0.6 part of amino acid chelated calcium.
The preparation method of the environment-friendly pre-digested nutrition-enhanced feed is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) preparation of bacterial enzyme fermentation product:
a: pretreatment of raw materials: firstly, respectively pretreating 150 parts of wheat bran, 150 parts of soybean, 150 parts of pea, 150 parts of corn, 150 parts of bean pulp, 150 parts of corn protein powder, 150 parts of barley, 400 parts of red date, 100 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 100 parts of glossy privet fruit, 100 parts of astragalus and 100 parts of angelica by adopting conventional means such as impurity picking, separation and the like, removing foreign matters which are not raw materials, crushing the materials and sieving the crushed materials with a 60-mesh sieve;
b: puffing: weighing the coarse cereals and the traditional Chinese medicine raw materials prepared in the step a according to the using amount and proportion, uniformly mixing, and putting into an extrusion type bulking machine for bulking at the temperature of 125 ℃ under the pressure of 4MPa, wherein the time of the raw materials in a machine chamber is not more than 30S, and the duration of the highest temperature is 5.5S;
c: microwave sterilization: b, putting the raw materials puffed in the step b into microwave sterilization equipment to perform microwave sterilization on the mixed materials, wherein the sterilization temperature is 75 ℃, and the sterilization time is 5min for later use;
d: preparing compound bacterial liquid required by fermentation: the compound bacteria comprise lactobacillus acidophilus, clostridium butyricum, saccharomycetes, bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus plantarum, and the weight parts of the components are respectively as follows: 30 parts of acidophilic lactobacillus, 15 parts of clostridium butyricum, 25 parts of microzyme, 28 parts of bacillus subtilis and 25 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, and the composite bacteria are all added into warm water at 36 ℃ to be activated for 1 hour to prepare the bacteria number of 0.5 multiplied by 108cfu/mL of composite bacterial liquid;
e: preparing compound enzyme liquid required by fermentation: the complex enzyme comprises phytase, xylanase, mannase, cellulase, protease, amylase and NSP complex enzyme, and the weight parts of the components are respectively as follows: 10 parts of phytase, 15 parts of xylanase, 15 parts of mannase, 15 parts of cellulase, 20 parts of protease, 20 parts of amylase and 15 parts of NSP complex enzyme. Adding the complex enzymes into warm water at 42 ℃ to activate for 1 hour to prepare a complex enzyme solution with the enzyme activity of 1200U/mL;
f: mixing bacterial enzyme fermentation materials: and c, putting the materials sterilized by the microwaves in the step c into a charging bucket, adding the compound bacterial liquid prepared in the step d and accounting for 4% of the weight of the added raw materials into the charging bucket, adding the compound enzyme liquid prepared in the step e and accounting for 0.3% of the weight of the added raw materials into the charging bucket, adding warm water accounting for 30% of the weight of the raw materials into the fermentation material (the water temperature is 40 ℃), adding water for several times in a small amount, stirring for 45min, and uniformly mixing.
g: constant-temperature fermentation: c, filling the uniformly stirred raw materials in the step f into a fermentation container, compacting, sealing to completely seal the fermentation container, making the fermentation container airtight, and making an anaerobic environment for anaerobic fermentation; pushing the well-filled fermentation container into a fermentation chamber, wherein the temperature in the fermentation chamber is 38 ℃; continuously fermenting for 6 d; obtaining the bacterial enzyme fermentation product.
(2) Preparation of transfer factor freeze-dried powder:
a: thawing healthy spleen of chicken, cleaning blood stain and stain with tap water, cleaning with sterilized normal saline for 3 times, removing mesentery, and weighing fat;
b: mincing with a meat mincer, adding physiological saline with the same volume, mixing uniformly, crushing with a colloid mill, and repeatedly freezing and thawing for 3 times, wherein the temperature in the operation is not more than 38 ℃;
c: adding distilled water with the same volume, mixing, and centrifuging at 4000r/min for 15 min. Filtering the supernatant with gauze, and discarding the lower filter residue;
d: dialyzing the supernatant with dialysis bag with molecular weight cutoff of 8000-1 ten thousand at 4 deg.C in refrigerator for 24 hr, filtering the dialyzed supernatant with 0.22 μm membrane for sterilization, lyophilizing at low temperature to obtain transfer factor lyophilized powder, and storing at low temperature for use.
(3) The preparation of the environment-friendly pre-digestion nutrition-enriched feed comprises the following steps:
a: mixing materials: weighing the bacterial enzyme fermentation product prepared in the step (1), the transfer factor freeze-dried powder prepared in the step (2), compound vitamins, amino acid chelated trace elements, fluorite powder, sodium humate, charcoal slag and salt according to the weight ratio, and mixing and stirring until the raw materials are uniformly blended together; adding 40 parts of water, mixing the slurry and then homogenizing the mixture in a homogenizer;
b: and (3) granulating: pressing the homogenized material in the step a into a belt shape, feeding the belt into a granulator to be pressed into rice grains, then adding starch and a gelatinizer into a proper amount of water according to the use amount of 0.3mg of starch and 0.5mg of gelatinizer namely konjac fine powder per kilogram of material, spraying the starch and the gelatinizer onto the surfaces of the rice grains to coat the surfaces of the rice grains so as to prevent the rice grains from running off, screening out powder through a screening machine, and screening out the rice grains with good formability; obtaining the artificial rice feed with the diameter of 1.8mm and the length of 4 mm;
c: and (3) drying: drying the cooled artificial rice grain feed by adopting hot air at 55 ℃, wherein the water content in the dried artificial rice is 10%; packaging to obtain the environment-friendly type predigested nutrition-enriched feed prepared by the embodiment.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and therefore, all equivalent changes made by the contents of the claims of the present invention should be included in the claims of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The environment-friendly predigested nutrition-enriched feed is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-90 parts of a fungal enzyme fermentation product, 0.5-1 part of a transfer factor freeze-dried powder, 1-3 parts of a compound vitamin, 0.5-2 parts of an amino acid chelated trace element, 1-5 parts of fluorite powder, 0.1-0.6 part of sodium humate, 0.5-2 parts of charcoal residue and 0.5-1 part of salt.
2. The environment-friendly pre-digested nutrient-enriched feed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vitamin complex comprises vitamin A, β -carotene, vitamin D, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, nicotinamide, nicotinic acid, pantothenic acid.
3. The environment-friendly pre-digested nutrient-fortified feed of claim 1, wherein the amino acid chelated trace elements comprise amino acid chelated iron, amino acid chelated copper, amino acid chelated zinc, amino acid chelated manganese, amino acid chelated selenium and amino acid chelated calcium.
4. The method for preparing the environment-friendly pre-digested nutrient-enriched feed as claimed in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
a: mixing materials: weighing various raw materials of a fungus enzyme fermentation product, transfer factor freeze-dried powder, compound vitamins, amino acid chelated trace elements, fluorite powder, sodium humate, charcoal slag and salt according to a weight ratio, and mixing and stirring until the various raw materials are uniformly fused together; adding 30-50 parts of water, mixing the slurry and then homogenizing in a homogenizer;
b: and (3) granulating: pressing the homogenized material in the step a into a belt shape, feeding the belt into a granulator to be pressed into rice grains, then adding a proper amount of water into the starch and the gelling agent according to the use amount of 0.1-0.3mg of starch and 0.3-0.5mg of gelling agent namely konjac refined powder per kilogram of material, spraying the starch and the gelling agent on the surface of the rice grains, wrapping the rice grains to prevent the loss of the starch and the gelling agent, screening the powder by a screening machine, and screening the rice grains with good formability; obtaining artificial rice grain feed with diameter of 1.5-2.0mm and length of 3-5 mm;
c: and (3) drying: drying the cooled artificial rice grain feed by adopting hot air at 50-60 ℃, wherein the water content in the dried artificial rice grain feed is 7-12%; and packaging to obtain the environment-friendly type predigested nutrition-enriched feed prepared by the invention.
5. The method for preparing environment-friendly pre-digested nutrient-enriched feed as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method for preparing the fermentation product of the bacterial enzyme comprises the following steps:
a: pretreatment of raw materials: firstly, respectively pretreating 100 portions of wheat bran, 100 portions of soybean, 220 portions of pea, 100 portions of corn, 220 portions of bean pulp, 220 portions of corn protein powder, 220 portions of barley, 300 portions of red date, 50-150 portions of radix codonopsitis, 50-150 portions of glossy privet fruit, 50-150 portions of radix astragali and 50-150 portions of angelica by adopting conventional means of impurity picking, separation and the like, removing non-raw material foreign matters and crushing the foreign matters to pass through 40-80 meshes;
b: puffing: weighing the coarse cereals and the traditional Chinese medicine raw materials prepared in the step a according to the using amount and the proportion, uniformly mixing, and putting into an extrusion type bulking machine for bulking at the temperature of 120-130 ℃ under the pressure of 3-5 MPa, wherein the time of the raw materials in a machine chamber is not more than 30S, and the duration of the highest temperature is 5-6S;
c: microwave sterilization: b, putting the raw materials puffed in the step b into microwave sterilization equipment to perform microwave sterilization on the mixed materials, wherein the sterilization temperature is 75-80 ℃, and the sterilization time is 3-8 min for later use;
d: preparing compound bacterial liquid required by fermentation: the compound bacteria comprise lactobacillus acidophilus, clostridium butyricum, saccharomycetes, bacillus subtilis and lactobacillus plantarum, and the weight parts of the components are respectively as follows: 22-38 parts of lactobacillus acidophilus, 8-24 parts of clostridium butyricum, 15-30 parts of microzyme, 22-34 parts of bacillus subtilis and 15-30 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, and the composite bacteria are all added into warm water at the temperature of 32-40 ℃ to be activated for 0.5-1.5 hours to prepare the bacteria with the bacteria number of 0.5 multiplied by 107～1.0×109cfu/mL of composite bacterial liquid;
e: preparing compound enzyme liquid required by fermentation: the complex enzyme comprises phytase, xylanase, mannase, cellulase, protease, amylase and NSP complex enzyme, and the weight parts of the components are respectively as follows: 8-20 parts of phytase, 5-20 parts of xylanase, 10-20 parts of mannosidase, 10-25 parts of cellulase, 10-30 parts of protease, 15-26 parts of amylase and 10-18 parts of NSP (non-catalytic reduction) complex enzyme, and adding the complex enzyme into warm water at the temperature of 40-45 ℃ to activate for 0.5-2 hours to prepare a complex enzyme solution with the enzyme activity of 500-2200U/mL;
f: mixing bacterial enzyme fermentation materials: c, putting the materials sterilized by the microwaves in the step c into a charging bucket, adding the compound bacterial liquid prepared in the step d and accounting for 3-5% of the weight of the added raw materials into the charging bucket, adding the compound enzyme liquid prepared in the step e and accounting for 0.1-0.5% of the weight of the added raw materials into the charging bucket, adding warm water with the water temperature of 35-50 ℃ and accounting for 30% of the weight of the raw materials into the fermentation material, adding a small amount of warm water for multiple times when adding water, stirring for 30-60min, and uniformly mixing;
g: constant-temperature fermentation: c, filling the uniformly stirred raw materials in the step f into a fermentation container, compacting, sealing to completely seal the fermentation container, making the fermentation container airtight, and making an anaerobic environment for anaerobic fermentation; pushing the well-filled fermentation container into a fermentation chamber, wherein the temperature in the fermentation chamber is 35-40 ℃; continuously fermenting for 5-7 days; obtaining the bacterial enzyme fermentation product.
6. The method for preparing environment-friendly pre-digested nutrition-enriched feed as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method for preparing the transfer factor freeze-dried powder comprises the following steps:
a: thawing spleen of healthy animals such as pig, cattle, sheep, chicken, duck, goose, etc., cleaning bloodstain and spot with tap water, cleaning with sterilized normal saline for 2-3 times, removing mesentery and fat, and weighing;
b: mincing with a meat mincer, adding physiological saline with the same volume, mixing uniformly, crushing with a colloid mill, and repeatedly freezing and thawing for 3-4 times, wherein the temperature does not exceed 38 deg.C;
c: adding distilled water with the same volume, mixing, centrifuging at 4000r/min in a low-temperature refrigerated centrifuge for 15min, filtering the supernatant with gauze, and pouring off the lower filter residue;
d: dialyzing the supernatant with dialysis bag with molecular weight cutoff of 8000-1 ten thousand at 4 deg.C in refrigerator for 24 hr, filtering the dialyzed supernatant with 0.22 μm membrane for sterilization, lyophilizing at low temperature to obtain transfer factor lyophilized powder, and storing at low temperature for use.
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CN111011643A (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-04-17 山西大禹生物工程股份有限公司 Bacterium enzyme fermented traditional Chinese medicine for improving growth performance of broiler chicken and preparation method thereof
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CN112806497A (en) * 2021-01-21 2021-05-18 乐山市农业科学研究院 Broiler tea residue bacterium enzyme synergistic fermented feed and preparation method thereof
CN113082204A (en) * 2021-03-25 2021-07-09 河南省健达动保有限公司 Animal placenta immunoglobulin, spleen transfer factor compound immunopotentiator

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