CN114136792B - Dynamic load and dynamic water pressure dual power coupling test device and operation method - Google Patents
Dynamic load and dynamic water pressure dual power coupling test device and operation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114136792B CN114136792B CN202111183476.XA CN202111183476A CN114136792B CN 114136792 B CN114136792 B CN 114136792B CN 202111183476 A CN202111183476 A CN 202111183476A CN 114136792 B CN114136792 B CN 114136792B
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
- G01N3/36—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of seepage field-stress field power coupling test equipment, in particular to a dynamic load and dynamic water pressure dual power coupling test device and an operation method. The bottom of test platform is provided with the connecting seat in this test device. And a limiting block is arranged on the test platform. The model box is placed on a test platform. The interior of the mold box has a cavity for receiving the test piece. A hydraulic boundary is arranged between the test piece and the inner wall of the model box. The side wall of the model box is provided with a valve. The output end of the power device is communicated with the pipeline and is connected with the valve. The top of model case is provided with the seal groove. The sealing cover of the cover plate component is provided with a groove. The bottom of the groove is provided with a pressure-bearing block. The pressure block is connected with the telescopic end of the loading device through a connecting block. The test device simulates the water-rich working condition of the tunnel bottom structure, realizes the dual power coupling effect of dynamic load and dynamic water pressure on the test piece, and provides guidance suggestion for engineering design of the water-rich tunnel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seepage field-stress field power coupling test equipment, in particular to a dynamic load and dynamic water pressure dual power coupling test device and an operation method.
Background
At present, in traffic engineering such as tunnels and roadbeds with water-rich sections, substrate diseases such as slurry-turning mud and substrate cavities, which seriously endanger driving safety, often occur. For the water-rich tunnel and roadbed engineering, on one hand, the surrounding rock or filler at the bottom of the water-rich tunnel can suffer from the cyclic impact of high-frequency, low-amplitude and high-cycle fatigue load, so that the base rock particles are gradually crushed and pulverized; on the other hand, the dynamic overload of the vehicle can also cause the base rock mass to generate dynamic excess pore water pressure, namely, the dynamic water pressure is generated, the base water can not only soften the base rock mass, but also generate the hydraulic actions such as scouring, hollowing and the like on the water flow formed by the corresponding dynamic water pressure by reciprocating suction, so that pulverized fine particles are taken away, the water-rich tunnel and the roadbed engineering substrate gradually generate holes, the supporting state is continuously deteriorated, and the driving safety is endangered.
Engineering technicians in the prior art often survey and survey the tunnel on site and combine numerical simulation calculation to further analyze the structural characteristics of the tunnel bottom, thereby obtaining the mechanism of generating defects of the tunnel bottom structure. As such, a large number of engineering practical cases are required to verify and analyze, and it is difficult to intuitively present the defect change process of the tunnel bottom structure at a laboratory level. According to field defect investigation and literature reports, the probability of the defect and the defect degree of the tunnel and the roadbed engineering substrate of the water-rich section are obviously higher than those of the dry section.
Through searching, chinese patent document CN206095660U discloses a multifunctional reduced scale tunnel structure static and dynamic response characteristic indoor test system. The test system comprises a static and dynamic loading subsystem, an observation recording subsystem, a flange assembly and a flexible boundary assembly. The test system can apply different types of mechanical boundary conditions according to the burial depth, the bias state, the surrounding rock grade and the water-rich condition of the tunnel. Although, the test system is respectively connected with the static loading system and the vibrating table through the static and dynamic loading subsystem, the static load and the earthquake load can be conveniently applied, and the parameters can be adjusted according to actual conditions to simulate different load conditions. However, the experimental system is difficult to meet the requirement of simulating working conditions under the consideration of dynamic water pressure, dynamic load and other dual power coupling effects.
For another example, chinese patent document CN106053234a discloses a power model test device and a test method for a railway tunnel bottom structure. The test device comprises a base, a base surrounding rock simulation structure, a tunnel bottom simulation structure, a static loading device and a dynamic loading device. Although, the test device can simulate the static and dynamic load coupling effect of the inverted arch structure, can simulate the surrounding rock condition of the substrate and the existing damage of the structure, and can truly simulate the actual service environment and the stress characteristic of the tunnel inverted arch structure. However, the test device is difficult to simulate the working condition of the water-rich tunnel, and further difficult to simulate the process of defect change of the tunnel substrate mechanism under the double power coupling effects of dynamic water pressure, dynamic load and the like.
Therefore, the researches on the tunnel in the water-rich section and the roadbed engineering substrate diseases are still insufficient at present, most of related researches are still concentrated on the aspects of the mechanical property, the fatigue performance and the like of the dry tunnel substrate structure, the experimental researches considering the adverse effects of double dynamic coupling effects such as dynamic water pressure, dynamic load and the like are less, the researches on the dynamic coupling experiments of the seepage field-stress field aiming at the expansion of the substrate rock mass or the filler are less reported, and the corresponding experimental devices and experimental methods are not reported.
In summary, in the process of researching the substrate defect mechanisms such as the tunnel in the water-rich section, the substrate cavity of the roadbed, the slurry-turning and mud-pumping, and the like, how to design a test device for simulating the water-rich working condition of the tunnel bottom structure, the dual power coupling effect of dynamic load and dynamic water pressure is applied to the test piece, so that the defect forming process of the test piece in the dual power coupling environment is intuitively displayed, and further instruction suggestion is provided for the engineering design of the water-rich tunnel, which is a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a test device for simulating the water-rich working condition of a tunnel bottom structure in the process of researching the substrate defect mechanism of a water-rich section tunnel, a roadbed substrate cavity, slurry-turning mud and the like, and the test device is used for realizing the double dynamic coupling effect of dynamic load and dynamic water pressure on a test piece, so that the defect forming process of the test piece under the double dynamic coupling environment is intuitively displayed, and further guiding suggestions are provided for engineering design of the water-rich tunnel.
According to a first aspect of the invention: the utility model provides a dynamic load and dynamic water pressure dual power coupling test device, which comprises a test platform, a model box, a power device for providing dynamic water pressure, a loading device for providing circulating load and a cover plate component;
the bottom of the test platform is provided with a connecting seat connected with the platform of the loading device, and the test platform is provided with a limiting block for positioning the model box;
the model box is arranged on the test platform, a cavity for accommodating a test piece is formed in the model box, a hydraulic boundary is formed between the test piece and the inner wall of the model box, a valve is arranged on the side wall of the model box, the output end of the power device is communicated with the valve through a pipeline, and a sealing groove matched with the cover plate assembly is formed in the top of the model box;
the cover plate assembly comprises a sealing cover, a groove for the telescopic end of the loading device to extend in is formed in the sealing cover, a pressure bearing block is arranged at the bottom of the groove, and the pressure bearing block is connected with the telescopic end of the loading device through a connecting block.
Preferably, the cover plate assembly is provided with a locking structure for applying locking force to the sealing cover, the locking structure comprises a pressing bar and a counter-pulling rod, the pressing bar is arranged at the top of the sealing cover, a through hole for the tail end of the counter-pulling rod to pass through is formed in the pressing bar, and the tail end of the counter-pulling rod is connected with the test platform through a fastener. By the arrangement, the tightness of the model box is greatly improved, the dynamic water pressure and the hydrostatic pressure which can be born by the model box are further improved, and the simulation range of the test device is further enlarged.
Preferably, the connecting seat comprises a base, the base is connected with the test platform through a first bolt, a mounting hole for the tail end of the first bolt to pass through is formed in the bottom plate of the test platform, a screw is welded at the bottom of the base, and a nut and a sleeve are sequentially screwed on the screw. So set up, be favorable to improving the joint strength between base and the test platform, further improved the rigidity of connecting seat, the side of base is used for playing preliminary positioning action when being connected with loading device, is favorable to the sleeve to spin to close and realizes test platform's quick installation on the screw rod, and loading device of being convenient for is loaded test piece, and then has guaranteed analogue test's validity.
Preferably, a second threaded hole is formed in the side edge of the bottom plate of the test platform, and the limiting block is connected with the second threaded hole through a second bolt. So set up, the stopper not only can form the location to the lateral wall of model case, closes the degree of depth through adjusting the soon of second bolt, and the stopper can also be through exerting clamping force to the lateral wall of model case, has avoided the model case to take place the position skew in experimental process, and then has improved the efficiency of experimental collection effective data.
Preferably, the head end of the pressure-bearing block is provided with a positioning step embedded in the connecting block, and the tail end of the pressure-bearing block is provided with round steel. So set up, the location step is used for playing the guide effect to the draw-in groove of connecting block in the butt joint in-process to the installation of the pressure-bearing piece of being convenient for, the load that loading device applyed passes through the round steel and transmits to on the test piece, is favorable to reducing the local stress concentration of test piece, has improved the atress homogeneity of test piece, accords with the circumstances that simulate vehicle was carried more.
Preferably, the bottom of the sealing cover is provided with a cover plate sealing groove matched with the sealing groove, a sealing strip is arranged in the cover plate sealing groove, and a loading pad is adhered to the bottom of the groove. By the arrangement, when the test piece bears cyclic load, the stress is more uniform, and the situation that the surface of the test piece is cracked due to local stress concentration is avoided.
Preferably, the power device is a water pump, the output end of the water pump is connected with a valve through a pipeline, a pressure gauge is arranged on the valve, the loading device is a movable triaxial apparatus, a platform of the movable triaxial apparatus is connected with the connecting seat, and the telescopic end of the movable triaxial apparatus is connected with the connecting block. By the arrangement, the cyclic load is loaded on the test piece by the dynamic triaxial apparatus, the application scene of the dynamic triaxial apparatus is enriched, the use value and the use efficiency of the dynamic triaxial apparatus are improved, and the manometer is used for recording the dynamic water pressure generated by the test piece due to the cyclic dynamic load in real time.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an operation method using the dynamic load and dynamic water pressure dual power coupling test apparatus, comprising:
step one, connecting a base of a test platform to a platform of a loading device so that the axis of a telescopic end of the loading device is perpendicular to the test platform;
step two, placing the model box on a test platform, and fixing the model box by an adjusting limiting block;
step three, connecting the output end of the power device with a valve of the model box by utilizing a pipeline, and opening a sealing cover at the top of the model box;
and fourthly, placing the test piece in a model box, and adjusting the position of the test piece to form a hydraulic boundary to be simulated by taking the inner wall of the model box as a reference, wherein the telescopic end of the adjusting and loading device is positioned right above the test piece, so as to finish the preparation step of test operation.
Preferably, the operation method of the dynamic load and dynamic water pressure dual power coupling test device further comprises the following steps:
closing the valve, setting the hydraulic boundary as a water closing boundary, and starting the loading device to apply a cyclic load to the test piece until the dynamic response and the durability test data of the test piece are obtained.
Preferably, the operation method of the dynamic load and dynamic water pressure dual power coupling test device further comprises the following steps:
and opening a valve, starting a power device to inject fluid into the model box until the fluid submerges the upper surface of the test piece, soaking the test piece, setting a corresponding hydraulic boundary according to the structure of the test piece, and then starting a loading device to apply a cyclic load to the test piece until the power response and the durability test data of the test piece are obtained.
Preferably, the operation method of the dynamic load and dynamic water pressure dual power coupling test device further comprises the following steps:
closing the sealing cover, starting the loading device, enabling the telescopic end of the loading device to extend into the groove of the sealing cover, applying pre-pressing load to the test piece through the pressure bearing block, starting the power device, providing water pressure in the model box, setting corresponding hydraulic boundaries according to the structure of the test piece, and then applying circulating load to the test piece by using the loading device until power response and durability test data of the test piece are obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the dynamic load and dynamic water pressure dual power coupling test device and the operation method provided by the invention have the following outstanding substantive characteristics and remarkable progress:
1. according to the dynamic load and dynamic water pressure dual-power coupling test device, dynamic water pressure and circulating load are respectively applied to test pieces in a model box by utilizing a power device and a loading device, the dynamic load and dynamic water pressure dual-power coupling effect of a tunnel bottom structure under a water-rich condition is simulated, the defect forming process of the test pieces under a dual-power coupling environment is intuitively shown under laboratory conditions, and guiding suggestions are provided for engineering design of a water-rich tunnel;
2. according to the dynamic load and dynamic water pressure dual-power coupling test device, the cover plate component is arranged at the top of the model box, so that the tightness of the model box is greatly improved, the dynamic water pressure effect caused by the dynamic load of a vehicle is better simulated, the dynamic water pressure caused by the dynamic load of the vehicle is recorded in real time by utilizing the pressure gauge, the water flow exchange inside and outside the model box is regulated by combining the opening and closing of the valve, and more hydraulic boundary conditions are simulated;
3. the dynamic load and dynamic water pressure dual power coupling test device simulates the dynamic load and dynamic water pressure dual power coupling action of a vehicle, reflects the scouring and hollowing action generated by hydraulic suction of the tunnel substrate under the dynamic load action, is beneficial to researching the long-term deformation evolution rule of surrounding rock of the tunnel substrate, and reveals the mechanism of substrate cavity generation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a dynamic load and dynamic water pressure dual power coupling test device in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a dynamic load and dynamic water pressure dual-power coupling test device in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an assembled structure of the connecting base;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an assembled structure of the mold box;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a cover plate assembly;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an assembled structure of the sealing cover;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of an assembly structure of the pressure-bearing block.
Reference numerals: the connecting seat 1, the sleeve 2, the test platform 3, the model box 4, the test piece 5, the hydraulic boundary 6, the cover plate assembly 7, the bearing block 8, the connecting block 9, the base 11, the screw rod 12, the nut 13, the first threaded hole 14, the bottom plate 31, the mounting hole 32, the first bolt 33, the limiting block 34, the second bolt 35, the second threaded hole 36, the sealing groove 41, the valve 42, the pressure gauge 43, the tunnel floor 51, the interface layer 52, the bedrock layer 53, the sealing cover 71, the groove 72, the loading pad 73, the cover plate sealing groove 74, the sealing strip 75, the pressing strip 76, the counter pull rod 77, the locking bolt 78, the positioning step 81 and the round steel 82.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
The dynamic load and dynamic water pressure dual dynamic coupling test device shown in figures 1-7 is used for researching the process of substrate disease mechanisms such as a tunnel in a water-rich section, a roadbed substrate cavity, slurry-turning mud-pumping and the like under laboratory conditions. According to the test device, dynamic water pressure and circulating load are respectively applied to the test piece in the model box by using the power device and the loading device, the double dynamic coupling effect of the dynamic load and the dynamic water pressure, which is applied to the tunnel bottom structure under the water-rich condition, is simulated, the defect forming process of the test piece under the double dynamic coupling environment is intuitively displayed, and further guidance suggestion is provided for engineering design of the water-rich tunnel.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a dynamic load and dynamic water pressure dual power coupling test device comprises a test platform 3, a model box 4, a power device for providing dynamic water pressure, a loading device for providing circulating load and a cover plate assembly 7.
The bottom of the test platform 3 is provided with a connecting seat 1 connected with the platform of the loading device. The test platform 3 is provided with a limiting block 34 for positioning the model box 4. As shown in fig. 3, the connection base 1 includes a base 11. The base 11 is connected to the test platform 3 by means of a first bolt 33. The bottom plate 31 of the test platform 3 is provided with a mounting hole 32 through which the tail end of the first bolt 33 passes. The bottom of the base 11 is welded with a screw rod 12, and a nut 13 and a sleeve 2 are screwed on the screw rod 12 in sequence. So set up, be favorable to improving the joint strength between base 11 and the test platform 3, further improved the rigidity of connecting seat 1, the side of base 11 is used for playing preliminary positioning action when being connected with loading device, is favorable to sleeve 2 to spin to close and realizes test platform 3's quick installation on screw rod 12, and loading device is convenient for to test piece 5 loading, and then has guaranteed analogue test's validity. The base 11 is provided with a first threaded hole 14 matched with the first bolt 32, so that the base 11 and the test platform 3 are conveniently locked.
As shown in FIG. 1, the test piece 5 may alternatively be a layered structure. The test piece 5 includes a tunnel floor layer 51, an interface layer 52, and a bedrock layer 53. The uppermost layer is a tunnel paving layer 51, the middle layer is an interface layer 52 formed by blasting residues of a tunnel substrate, the lowermost layer is a bedrock layer 53 at the bottom of the tunnel, and structural parameters of each layer can be determined according to actual geological conditions of related engineering.
As shown in fig. 4, the model box 4 is placed on the test bed 3. The interior of the mold box 4 has a cavity for accommodating the test piece 5. A hydraulic boundary 6 is provided between the test piece 5 and the inner wall of the mold box 4. A valve 42 is provided on the side wall of the mold box 4. The output end of the power device is connected with a valve 42 through a pipeline. The top of the mold box 4 is provided with a seal groove 41 that mates with the cover plate assembly 7.
Wherein the hydraulic boundary 6 comprises a water-closure boundary and a drainage boundary. When the base rock mass of the test piece 5 is a cohesive soil or dense rock mass, the permeability coefficient thereof is smaller, and the hydraulic boundary is a water-blocking boundary. And hard rubber is arranged in the water-closing boundary, the hard rubber is closely adhered to the side wall of the model box to prevent water, and the valve 42 is closed during test. When the base rock of the test piece 5 is broken rock or gravel rock, the permeability coefficient is large, and the hydraulic boundary is a drainage boundary. A geotechnical mat is provided within the drainage boundary and valve 42 is opened during testing.
As shown in fig. 5, the cover plate assembly 7 includes a sealing cover 71. The sealing cover 71 is provided with a recess 72 into which the telescopic end of the loading device extends. The bottom of the groove 72 is provided with a pressure-bearing block 8. The pressure-bearing block 8 is connected with the telescopic end of the loading device through a connecting block 9.
As shown in fig. 6, a cover plate sealing groove 74 matched with the sealing groove 41 is arranged at the bottom of the sealing cover 71, a sealing strip 75 is arranged in the cover plate sealing groove 74, and a loading pad 73 is adhered to the bottom of the groove 72. By the arrangement, when the test piece 5 bears cyclic load, the stress is more uniform, and the situation that the surface of the test piece 5 is cracked due to local stress concentration is avoided.
As shown in fig. 7, the head end of the pressure-bearing block 8 is provided with a positioning step 81 embedded in the connecting block 9, and the tail end of the pressure-bearing block 8 is provided with round steel 82. So set up, location step 81 is used for playing the guide effect to the draw-in groove of connecting block 9 in the butt joint in-process to the installation of the pressure-bearing piece 8 of being convenient for, the load that loading device applyed passes through round steel 82 and transmits to on the test piece 5, is favorable to reducing the local stress concentration of test piece 5, has improved the atress homogeneity of test piece 5, accords with the circumstances that the simulation vehicle moved the load more.
As shown in fig. 2, the cover plate assembly 7 has a locking structure that applies a locking force to the sealing cover 71. The locking structure includes a bead 76 and a counter pull 77. The bead 76 is placed on top of the seal cap 71. The pressing bar 76 is provided with a through hole for the tail end of the opposite pull rod 77 to pass through. The tail end of the opposite pull rod 77 is connected with the test platform 3 through a fastener. By the arrangement, the tightness of the model box 4 is greatly improved, so that the dynamic pressure and the hydrostatic pressure which can be borne by the model box 4 are improved, and the simulation range of the test device is further enlarged.
For example, the top of the sealing cap 71 and the bottom of the test platform 3 are each provided with a bead 76. The tail end of the pull rod 77 sequentially passes through the pressing bar of the sealing cover 71 and the pressing bar of the test platform from top to bottom, and then is locked by the fastener, so that the locking force applied to the sealing cover 71 by the locking structure is further improved. A threaded hole can be formed at the tail end of the pull rod 77, and a locking bolt 78 can be screwed into the threaded hole to lock the pull rod.
As shown in fig. 4, the side of the bottom plate 31 of the test platform 3 is provided with a second screw hole 36. The stopper 34 is connected to the second screw hole 36 by a second bolt 35. So set up, stopper 34 not only can form the location to the lateral wall of mold box 4, closes the degree of depth through adjusting second bolt 35 soon. The limiting block 34 can apply clamping force to the side wall of the model box 4, so that the position deviation of the model box 4 in the test process is avoided, and the efficiency of collecting effective data in the test is improved.
The power device is optionally a water pump, and the output end of the water pump is connected with the valve 42 through a pipeline. The valve 42 is provided with a pressure gauge 43. The loading device may be a dynamic triaxial apparatus. The platform of the dynamic triaxial apparatus is connected with the connecting seat 1. The telescopic end of the dynamic triaxial apparatus is connected with the connecting block 9. By the arrangement, the cyclic load is loaded on the test piece 5 by the dynamic triaxial apparatus, the application scene of the dynamic triaxial apparatus is enriched, the use value and the use efficiency of the dynamic triaxial apparatus are improved, and the pressure gauge 43 is used for recording the dynamic water pressure generated by the test piece 5 due to the cyclic dynamic load in real time.
In order to facilitate the observers to observe and record the change of the test piece 5 immersed in water during the test, the test progress is adjusted in time, and the model box 4 is optionally a transparent plastic box. The mold box 3 may preferably be an acrylic plate made of a side transparent box.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an operation method using the dynamic load and dynamic water pressure dual power coupling test device, which comprises the following steps:
the base 11 of the test platform 3 is connected to the platform of the loading device, the output end of the power device is connected with the valve 42 of the model box 4 by a pipeline, and the sealing cover 71 at the top of the model box 4 is opened;
placing the test piece 5 in the model box 4, taking the inner wall of the model box 4 as a reference, adjusting the position of the test piece 5 to form a hydraulic boundary 6 to be simulated, closing the sealing cover 71, starting the loading device, extending the telescopic end of the loading device into the groove 72 of the sealing cover 71, and applying a pre-pressing load to the test piece 5 through the pressure bearing block 8;
starting a power device to provide water pressure to the inside of the model box 4;
the loading device applies a cyclic load to the test piece 5 until the durability test is completed.
For example, when the dynamic triaxial apparatus and the water pump are respectively used as a loading device and a power device, and the installation operation is specifically implemented, firstly, the screw rod 12 is screwed into the bolt sleeve 2 of the actuator at the bottom of the dynamic triaxial apparatus, and the position of the test platform 3 is adjusted and finally fixed through the nut 13, so that the test platform 3 is vertically and top loaded with the round steel 82, and the loading position and the accurate application of the load are ensured. The 4 mounting holes 32 on the bottom plate 31 of the test platform 3 are aligned with the 4 first threaded holes 14 on the base 11, and then the first bolts 33 are used for penetrating, locking and fixing the test platform 3, and preventing the test platform from shaking and shifting.
And then the model box 4 is placed on the test platform 3, and then the limiting block 34 is rotated to enable the inner wall of the limiting block to be attached to the outer side of the model box 4, at the moment, the second bolt 35 is screwed down, the position of the limiting block 34 is fixed, the degree of freedom of the model box 4 is limited, and the shifting during the test is prevented. The test piece 5 is placed in the model box 4, and then the test is performed according to different test conditions.
Dry power model test: when no water pressure is required, the test model is only affected by the load, the plate assembly 7 may not be capped. At this time, the model box 4 is not closed, the upper part is open, and the holes around the test piece 5 are filled by adopting a water-closed boundary so as to fix the position of the test model and ensure accurate loading, and the simulated train dynamic load is directly applied to the midspan part of the tunnel pavement layer 51 through the loading round steel 82. And acquiring corresponding dynamic response and durability test data according to the test purpose.
And (3) soaking dynamic model test: the test did not cover the plate assembly 7 and at this time the upper part of the mold box 4 was open. Injecting clear water or selected slurry into the model box to enable the liquid to submerge the upper surface of the tunnel floor layer 51, and soaking according to the test design soaking time. Selecting a model hydraulic boundary 6 according to actual conditions, adopting a water closing boundary when the permeability coefficient of the base rock mass is smaller, and closing a valve 42; when the base rock mass is broken rock mass and gravel rock, adopting a drainage boundary, and opening a valve; in the case of a combined rock mass, the water yield of the drain valve 42 is adjusted according to the actual situation. And then the simulated train dynamic load is directly applied to the midspan part of the tunnel pavement layer 51 through the loading round steel 82, and the power loading and durability test is carried out, so that test data are obtained.
Dynamic water pressure dual dynamic coupling model test: the sealing strip 75 is placed in the preset sealing groove 41 of the model box 4, the sealing cover 71 is covered, the opposite pull rod 77 and the pressing strip 76 are installed at the same time, and the sealing cover 71 is applied with pretightening force so that the sealing cover can bear the water pressure generated by the test. And selecting a model hydraulic boundary 6 according to actual conditions.
Then, the water pump is used to inject clean water or liquid into the mold box 4 through the valve 42, and when the pressure gauge 43 displays that the preset water pressure value is reached, the water injection is stopped, and the valve 42 is closed.
The simulated train dynamic load is then applied to the loading pad 73 at the bottom of the groove 72 by the loading round steel 82 and transferred to the tunnel floor 51 by the loading pad 73 for dynamic loading and durability testing, and test data are obtained.
The present invention is not limited to the specific technical solutions described in the above embodiments, and other embodiments may be provided in addition to the above embodiments. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made by those skilled in the art, which are within the spirit and principles of the present invention, are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The dynamic load and dynamic water pressure dual-power coupling test device is characterized by comprising a test platform, a model box, a power device for providing dynamic water pressure, a loading device for providing circulating load and a cover plate assembly;
the bottom of the test platform is provided with a connecting seat connected with the platform of the loading device, and the test platform is provided with a limiting block for positioning the model box;
the model box is arranged on the test platform, a cavity for accommodating a test piece is formed in the model box, a hydraulic boundary is formed between the test piece and the inner wall of the model box, a valve is arranged on the side wall of the model box, the output end of the power device is connected with the valve through a pipeline, and a sealing groove matched with the cover plate assembly is formed in the top of the model box;
the cover plate assembly comprises a sealing cover, a groove for extending in the telescopic end of the loading device is formed in the sealing cover, a pressure bearing block is arranged at the bottom of the groove, and the pressure bearing block is connected with the telescopic end of the loading device through a connecting block;
wherein the hydraulic boundary comprises a water-closure boundary and a drainage boundary;
when the base rock mass of the test piece is cohesive soil or compact rock mass, the hydraulic boundary is a water-closing boundary, and hard rubber is arranged in the water-closing boundary and is closely adhered to the side wall of the model box to prevent water;
when the base rock mass of the test piece is broken rock mass and gravel rock, the hydraulic boundary is a drainage boundary, and a geotechnical mat is arranged in the drainage boundary.
2. The dynamic load and dynamic water pressure dual power coupling test device according to claim 1, wherein the cover plate assembly is provided with a locking structure for applying locking force to the sealing cover, the locking structure comprises a pressing bar and a counter-pulling bar, the pressing bar is arranged at the top of the sealing cover, a through hole for allowing the tail end of the counter-pulling bar to pass through is formed in the pressing bar, and the tail end of the counter-pulling bar is connected with the test platform through a fastener.
3. The dynamic load and dynamic water pressure dual power coupling test device according to claim 1, wherein the connecting seat comprises a base, the base is connected with the test platform through a first bolt, a mounting hole for the tail end of the first bolt to pass through is formed in a bottom plate of the test platform, a screw is welded at the bottom of the base, and a nut and a sleeve are screwed on the screw in sequence.
4. The dynamic load and dynamic water pressure dual power coupling test device according to claim 1, wherein a second threaded hole is formed in the side edge of the bottom plate of the test platform, and the limiting block is connected with the second threaded hole through a second bolt.
5. The dynamic load and dynamic water pressure dual power coupling test device according to claim 1, wherein a positioning step embedded in a connecting block is arranged at the head end of the pressure-bearing block, and round steel is arranged at the tail end of the pressure-bearing block.
6. The dynamic load and dynamic water pressure dual power coupling test device according to claim 1, wherein a cover plate sealing groove matched with the sealing groove is arranged at the bottom of the sealing cover, a sealing strip is arranged in the cover plate sealing groove, and a loading pad is bonded at the bottom of the groove.
7. A method of operation using the dynamic load and dynamic water pressure dual power coupling test apparatus of any one of claims 1-6, comprising the steps of:
step one, connecting a base of a test platform to a platform of a loading device so that the axis of a telescopic end of the loading device is perpendicular to the test platform;
step two, placing the model box on a test platform, and fixing the model box by an adjusting limiting block;
step three, connecting the output end of the power device with a valve of the model box by utilizing a pipeline, and opening a sealing cover at the top of the model box;
and fourthly, placing the test piece in a model box, and adjusting the position of the test piece to form a hydraulic boundary to be simulated by taking the inner wall of the model box as a reference, wherein the telescopic end of the adjusting and loading device is positioned right above the test piece, so as to finish the preparation step of test operation.
8. The method of operating a dual dynamic load and dynamic hydraulic coupling test device according to claim 7, comprising the steps of:
closing the valve, setting the hydraulic boundary as a water closing boundary, and starting the loading device to apply a cyclic load to the test piece until the dynamic response and the durability test data of the test piece are obtained.
9. The method of operating a dual dynamic load and dynamic hydraulic coupling test device according to claim 7, comprising the steps of:
and opening a valve, starting a power device to inject fluid into the model box until the fluid submerges the upper surface of the test piece, soaking the test piece, setting a corresponding hydraulic boundary according to the structure of the test piece, and then starting a loading device to apply a cyclic load to the test piece until the power response and the durability test data of the test piece are obtained.
10. The method of operating a dual dynamic load and dynamic hydraulic coupling test device according to claim 7, comprising the steps of:
closing the sealing cover, starting the loading device, enabling the telescopic end of the loading device to extend into the groove of the sealing cover, applying pre-pressing load to the test piece through the pressure bearing block, starting the power device, providing water pressure in the model box, setting corresponding hydraulic boundaries according to the structure of the test piece, and then applying circulating load to the test piece by using the loading device until power response and durability test data of the test piece are obtained.
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| CN102778396A (en) * | 2012-06-12 | 2012-11-14 | 河海大学 | Full-graduation concrete fracture expanding test testing machine under action of high water pressure and mobile load |
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