CN114106480A - Nano-silica modified polystyrene high-strength insulation board and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Nano-silica modified polystyrene high-strength insulation board and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of polystyrene and discloses a nano-silica modified polystyrene high-strength insulation board, wherein nano-silica is reacted with 5-isocyanate isopeptide acid chloride to obtain acid chloride silica, the acid chloride silica is reacted with glycidol to obtain epoxy silica, the epoxy silica is further reacted with amino-terminated polybutadiene to obtain polybutadiene modified silica, the polybutadiene modified silica is mixed with polystyrene, and the polybutadiene modified polystyrene high-strength insulation board is pressed by a flat vulcanizing machine to finally obtain the nano-silica modified polystyrene high-strength insulation board.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of polystyrene, in particular to a nano silicon dioxide modified polystyrene high-strength insulation board and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In modern buildings, the requirement for the heat-insulating plate is higher and higher, in numerous polymer heat-insulating plates, the polystyrene heat-insulating plate has good heat-insulating property, and therefore more and more applications and researches are obtained in recent years, but the toughness of polystyrene is poorer, the mechanical properties such as bending strength and impact strength cannot meet the market demands, so that the use of the polystyrene heat-insulating plate by consumers has concerns, and further the application and the development of the polystyrene heat-insulating plate are limited by a larger degree, therefore, the polystyrene base body needs to be modified, in recent years, the polystyrene base body is filled with the inorganic nano material, the excellent performance of the inorganic nano material is integrated into the polystyrene base body, the comprehensive performances such as the toughness of the polystyrene are improved, and the polystyrene heat-insulating plate becomes a research hotspot.
With the recent intense fire of organic-inorganic hybrid materials, nano-silica is used as a functional filler to fill organic polymer materials, so that comprehensive properties of the organic polymer materials, such as mechanics, machinery, toughness and the like, become research hot, Chinese patents such as CN112876801A and the like disclose a feasible method for filling the nano-silica into a polystyrene matrix to form a composite material with excellent comprehensive properties, but most of the patents do not modify the nano-silica, ignore the problem that the nano-silica is easy to agglomerate in the organic polymer material matrix, and the functions of the nano-silica are not rich, so that the modification effect of the organic polymer materials is not obvious in practice, and therefore the nano-silica needs to be modified, the functionality is enhanced, and great convenience is provided for further application of the product.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a nano-silica modified polystyrene high-strength insulation board and a preparation method thereof, and solves the problem that the polystyrene insulation board has poor performances such as impact strength, compression strength and the like.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a preparation method of a nano-silica modified polystyrene high-strength insulation board comprises the following steps:
(1) adding anhydrous toluene solvent and nano-silica into a reactor, ultrasonically dispersing uniformly, and continuously adding 5-isocyanate isopeptide acyl chloride (C)9H3NO3Cl2) Uniformly mixing, transferring to an oil bath kettle, and stirring at a constant temperature of 50-70 ℃ for reaction for 4-12h to obtain the acyl chloride silicon dioxide;
(2) adding a tetrahydrofuran solvent and acylchlorinated silicon dioxide into a reactor, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 20-40min, continuously adding glycidol and a catalyst, uniformly mixing, transferring into an oil bath kettle, stirring and reacting at 20-40 ℃ for 12-24h, centrifuging, washing and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain epoxidized silicon dioxide;
(3) adding an N, N-dimethylformamide solvent and epoxidized silica into a reactor, ultrasonically dispersing uniformly, continuously adding amino-terminated polybutadiene, mechanically stirring until the amino-terminated polybutadiene is completely dissolved, transferring the mixture into an oil bath for reaction, and centrifuging, washing and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain polybutadiene modified silica;
(4) adding polystyrene, polybutadiene modified silica, 2-6% of filler talcum powder and 0.6-1.5% of antioxidant 1010 into a high-speed mixer, uniformly mixing at a high speed, transferring the mixture into a double-screw extruder for granulation, and pressing the mixture by using a flat vulcanizing machine to obtain the nano silica modified polystyrene high-strength insulation board.
Preferably, the anhydrous toluene solvent, the nano-silica and the 5-isocyanate isopeptide acyl chloride (C) in the step (1)9H3NO3Cl2) The mass ratio of (1) is 200-650:10: 4.5-8.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the tetrahydrofuran solvent, the acylchlorinated silica, the glycidol and the catalyst in the step (2) is 300-750:10:2-6.5: 0.02-0.06.
Preferably, the catalyst in the step (2) is pyridine.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the N, N-dimethylformamide solvent, the epoxidized silica and the amino-terminated polybutadiene in the step (3) is 450-1200:10: 6-15.
Preferably, the reaction temperature in the step (3) is 60-80 ℃ and the reaction time is 6-18 h.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the polystyrene to the polybutadiene modified silica in the step (4) is 100: 1-4.5.
(III) advantageous technical effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the nano silicon dioxide modified polystyrene high-strength insulation board has the advantages that the surface of the nano silicon dioxide contains abundant hydroxyl groups, under the catalytic action of a catalyst dibutyltin dilaurate, the silicon dioxide can react with isocyanate groups in 5-isocyanate isopeptide acyl chloride to obtain acyl chloride silicon dioxide, under the action of catalyst pyridine, acyl chloride group in acyl chloride silicon dioxide can be esterified with hydroxyl in glycidol to obtain epoxy silicon dioxide, and the amino group in the amino-terminated polybutadiene structure can perform ring-opening reaction with the epoxy group in the epoxidized silica to obtain polybutadiene modified silica, so that through a chemical connection mode, polybutadiene macromolecules are covalently grafted on the surface of the nano silicon dioxide, so that the functionality of the nano silicon dioxide is effectively enhanced, and the nano silicon dioxide is further applied to the field of additives of organic polymer materials.
The nano-silica modified polystyrene high-strength insulation board blends polystyrene, polybutadiene modified silica and various additives, and is pressed by a plate vulcanizing machine to finally obtain the nano-silica modified polystyrene high-strength insulation board, when the composite insulation board is acted by external force, the nano-silica can play a heterogeneous nucleation role to promote the crystallization behavior of a polystyrene matrix, so that molecular chains are regularly arranged, and the expansion of cracks can be hindered and passivated when the composite insulation board is acted by the external force, thereby improving and improving the mechanical properties such as impact strength and the like of the composite insulation board, polybutadiene rubber particles can generate a large amount of silver stripes and shear bands when the composite insulation board is acted by the external force, cavities in the silver stripes can consume a large amount of stress energy in the stress process of the composite insulation board, and the further diffusion of the silver stripes to form cracks is prevented, the termination of the silver lines is facilitated, so that the comprehensive properties of toughness and the like of the composite insulation board are further enhanced.
Detailed Description
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following embodiments and examples: a preparation method of a nano-silica modified polystyrene high-strength insulation board comprises the following steps:
(1) adding anhydrous toluene solvent and nano-silica into a reactor, ultrasonically dispersing uniformly, and continuously adding 5-isocyanate isopeptide acyl chloride (C)9H3NO3Cl2) Wherein the solvent is anhydrous toluene solvent, nano silicon dioxide and 5-isocyanate isopeptide acyl chloride (C)9H3NO3Cl2) The mass ratio of 200-650:10:4.5-8, transferring the mixture into an oil bath kettle after uniform mixing, and stirring and reacting for 4-12h at the constant temperature of 50-70 ℃ to obtain the acyl chloride silicon dioxide;
(2) adding a tetrahydrofuran solvent and acylchlorinated silicon dioxide into a reactor, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion for 20-40min, then continuously adding glycidol and pyridine, wherein the tetrahydrofuran solvent, the acylchlorinated silicon dioxide, the glycidol and the pyridine are 300-;
(3) adding an N, N-dimethylformamide solvent and epoxidized silica into a reactor, performing ultrasonic dispersion uniformly, continuously adding amino-terminated polybutadiene, wherein the mass ratio of the N, N-dimethylformamide solvent to the epoxidized silica to the amino-terminated polybutadiene is 450: 1200: 6-15, mechanically stirring until the N, N-dimethylformamide solvent to the epoxidized silica to the amino-terminated polybutadiene is completely dissolved, transferring the mixture into an oil bath, reacting for 6-18h at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, centrifuging, washing and drying after the reaction is finished, thus obtaining polybutadiene modified silica;
(4) adding polystyrene, polybutadiene modified silica, 2-6% of filler talcum powder and 0.6-1.5% of antioxidant 1010 in a mass ratio of 100:1-4.5 into a high-speed mixer, uniformly mixing at a high speed, transferring the mixture into a double-screw extruder for granulation, and pressing the mixture by using a flat vulcanizing machine to obtain the nano silica modified polystyrene high-strength insulation board.
Example 1
(1) Adding 120mL of anhydrous toluene solvent and 5g of nano-silica into a reactor, uniformly dispersing by ultrasonic, and continuously adding 2.25g of 5-isocyanate isopeptide acyl chloride (C)9H3NO3Cl2) Uniformly mixing, transferring the mixture into an oil bath kettle, and stirring and reacting at the constant temperature of 50 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain the acyl chloride silicon dioxide;
(2) adding 170mL of tetrahydrofuran solvent and 5g of acylchlorinated silicon dioxide into a reactor, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion for 20min, then continuously adding 1g of glycidol and 0.01g of pyridine, uniformly mixing, transferring into an oil bath kettle, stirring and reacting at 20 ℃ for 12h, centrifuging, washing and drying after the reaction is finished, thus obtaining the epoxidized silicon dioxide;
(3) adding 240mL of N, N-dimethylformamide solvent and 5g of epoxidized silica into a reactor, ultrasonically dispersing uniformly, continuously adding 3g of amino-terminated polybutadiene, mechanically stirring until the amino-terminated polybutadiene is completely dissolved, transferring the mixture into an oil bath kettle, reacting for 6 hours at 60 ℃, centrifuging, washing and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain polybutadiene modified silica;
(4) adding 50g of polystyrene, 0.5g of polybutadiene modified silica, 1g of filler talcum powder and 0.3g of antioxidant 1010 into a high-speed mixer, uniformly mixing at a high speed, transferring the mixture into a double-screw extruder for granulation, and pressing the mixture by using a flat vulcanizing machine to obtain the nano-silica modified polystyrene high-strength insulation board.
Example 2
(1) 160mL of anhydrous toluene solvent and 5g of nano-silica are added into a reactor, the mixture is uniformly dispersed by ultrasonic, and 2.8g of 5-isocyanate isopeptide acyl chloride (C) is continuously added9H3NO3Cl2) Uniformly mixing, transferring the mixture into an oil bath kettle, and stirring and reacting for 6 hours at the constant temperature of 55 ℃ to obtain the acyl chloride silicon dioxide;
(2) adding 200mL of tetrahydrofuran solvent and 5g of acyl chloride silicon dioxide into a reactor, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion for 25min, then continuously adding 1.6g of glycidol and 0.015g of pyridine, uniformly mixing, transferring into an oil bath kettle, stirring and reacting for 16h at 25 ℃, centrifuging, washing and drying after the reaction is finished, thus obtaining the epoxidized silicon dioxide;
(3) adding 300mL of N, N-dimethylformamide solvent and 5g of epoxidized silica into a reactor, ultrasonically dispersing uniformly, continuously adding 4g of amino-terminated polybutadiene, mechanically stirring until the amino-terminated polybutadiene is completely dissolved, transferring the mixture into an oil bath kettle, reacting for 8 hours at 65 ℃, centrifuging, washing and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain polybutadiene modified silica;
(4) adding 50g of polystyrene, 0.8g of polybutadiene modified silica, 1.5g of filler talcum powder and 0.4g of antioxidant 1010 into a high-speed mixer, uniformly mixing at a high speed, transferring the mixture into a double-screw extruder for granulation, and pressing the mixture by using a flat vulcanizing machine to obtain the nano-silica modified polystyrene high-strength insulation board.
Example 3
(1) Adding 240mL of anhydrous toluene solvent and 5g of nano-silica into a reactor, uniformly dispersing by ultrasonic, and continuously adding 3.2g of 5-isocyanate isopeptide acyl chloride (C)9H3NO3Cl2) Uniformly mixing, transferring the mixture into an oil bath kettle, and stirring and reacting at the constant temperature of 60 ℃ for 8 hours to obtain the acyl chloride silicon dioxide;
(2) adding 260mL of tetrahydrofuran solvent and 5g of acylchlorinated silicon dioxide into a reactor, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion for 30min, then continuously adding 2.2g of glycidol and 0.02g of pyridine, uniformly mixing, transferring into an oil bath kettle, stirring and reacting at 30 ℃ for 18h, centrifuging, washing and drying after the reaction is finished, thus obtaining the epoxidized silicon dioxide;
(3) adding 400mL of N, N-dimethylformamide solvent and 5g of epoxidized silica into a reactor, ultrasonically dispersing uniformly, continuously adding 5g of amino-terminated polybutadiene, mechanically stirring until the amino-terminated polybutadiene is completely dissolved, transferring the mixture into an oil bath kettle, reacting for 12 hours at 70 ℃, centrifuging, washing and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain polybutadiene modified silica;
(4) adding 50g of polystyrene, 1.4g of polybutadiene modified silica, 2g of filler talcum powder and 0.5g of antioxidant 1010 into a high-speed mixer, uniformly mixing at a high speed, transferring the mixture into a double-screw extruder for granulation, and pressing the mixture by using a flat vulcanizing machine to obtain the nano-silica modified polystyrene high-strength insulation board.
Example 4
(1) Adding 300mL of anhydrous toluene solvent and 5g of nano-silica into a reactor, uniformly dispersing by ultrasonic, and continuously adding 3.6g of 5-isocyanate isopeptide acyl chloride (C)9H3NO3Cl2) Uniformly mixing, transferring the mixture into an oil bath kettle, and stirring and reacting at the constant temperature of 65 ℃ for 9 hours to obtain the acyl chloride silicon dioxide;
(2) adding 320mL of tetrahydrofuran solvent and 5g of acylchlorinated silicon dioxide into a reactor, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion for 35min, then continuously adding 2.6g of glycidol and 0.025g of pyridine, uniformly mixing, transferring into an oil bath kettle, stirring and reacting for 20h at 35 ℃, centrifuging, washing and drying after the reaction is finished, thus obtaining the epoxidized silicon dioxide;
(3) adding 500mL of N, N-dimethylformamide solvent and 5g of epoxidized silica into a reactor, ultrasonically dispersing uniformly, continuously adding 6g of amino-terminated polybutadiene, mechanically stirring until the amino-terminated polybutadiene is completely dissolved, transferring the mixture into an oil bath kettle, reacting for 16 hours at 75 ℃, centrifuging, washing and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain polybutadiene modified silica;
(4) adding 50g of polystyrene, 1.8g of polybutadiene modified silica, 2.5g of filler talcum powder and 0.6g of antioxidant 1010 into a high-speed mixer, uniformly mixing at a high speed, transferring the mixture into a double-screw extruder for granulation, and pressing the mixture by using a flat vulcanizing machine to obtain the nano-silica modified polystyrene high-strength insulation board.
Example 5
(1) Adding 375mL of anhydrous toluene solvent and 5g of nano-silica into the reactor, uniformly dispersing by ultrasonic, and continuously adding 4g of 5-isocyanate isopeptide acyl chloride (C)9H3NO3Cl2) Uniformly mixing, transferring the mixture into an oil bath kettle, and stirring and reacting at the constant temperature of 70 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain the acyl chloride silicon dioxide;
(2) adding 430mL of tetrahydrofuran solvent and 5g of acylchlorinated silicon dioxide into a reactor, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 40min, then continuously adding 3.25g of glycidol and 0.03g of pyridine, uniformly mixing, transferring into an oil bath kettle, stirring and reacting for 24h at 40 ℃, centrifuging, washing and drying after the reaction is finished, thus obtaining the epoxidized silicon dioxide;
(3) adding 630mL of N, N-dimethylformamide solvent and 5g of epoxidized silica into a reactor, ultrasonically dispersing uniformly, continuously adding 7.5g of amino-terminated polybutadiene, mechanically stirring until the amino-terminated polybutadiene is completely dissolved, transferring the mixture into an oil bath pot, reacting for 24 hours at 80 ℃, centrifuging, washing and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain polybutadiene modified silica;
(4) adding 50g of polystyrene, 2.25g of polybutadiene modified silica, 3g of filler talcum powder and 0.75g of antioxidant 1010 into a high-speed mixer, uniformly mixing at a high speed, transferring the mixture into a double-screw extruder for granulation, and pressing the mixture by using a flat vulcanizing machine to obtain the nano-silica modified polystyrene high-strength insulation board.
Comparative example 1
(1) Adding 140mL of anhydrous toluene solvent and 5g of nano-silica into a reactor, uniformly dispersing by ultrasonic, and continuously adding 2.3g of 5-isocyanate isopeptide acyl chloride (C)9H3NO3Cl2) Uniformly mixing, transferring the mixture into an oil bath kettle, and stirring and reacting for 5 hours at the constant temperature of 55 ℃ to obtain the acyl chloride silicon dioxide;
(2) adding 50g of polystyrene, 0.6g of acyl chloride silica, 1.2g of filler talcum powder and 0.4g of antioxidant 1010 into a high-speed mixer, uniformly mixing at a high speed, transferring the mixture into a double-screw extruder for granulation, and pressing the mixture by using a flat vulcanizing machine to obtain the silica modified polystyrene insulation board.
The composite insulation boards in the examples and comparative examples were injection molded into square samples having a specification of 4mm × 6cm × 6cm, and the bending strength thereof was tested using a BLD-1028A tensile strength tester.
The composite insulation boards of the examples and comparative examples were injection molded into square patterns of 4mm × 6cm × 6cm, and their compressive strength was tested using a BLD-1028A tensile strength tester.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of a nano silicon dioxide modified polystyrene high-strength insulation board is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) adding nano silicon dioxide into anhydrous toluene solvent, uniformly dispersing by ultrasonic wave, and continuously adding 5-isocyanate isopeptide acyl chloride (C)9H3NO3Cl2) Uniformly mixing, transferring to an oil bath kettle, and stirring at a constant temperature of 50-70 ℃ for reaction for 4-12h to obtain the acyl chloride silicon dioxide;
(2) adding acylchlorinated silicon dioxide into tetrahydrofuran solvent, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 20-40min, continuously adding glycidol and catalyst, uniformly mixing, transferring into an oil bath kettle, stirring and reacting at 20-40 ℃ for 12-24h, centrifuging, washing and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain epoxidized silicon dioxide;
(3) adding epoxidized silicon dioxide into an N, N-dimethylformamide solvent, uniformly dispersing by ultrasonic, continuously adding amino-terminated polybutadiene, mechanically stirring until the amino-terminated polybutadiene is completely dissolved, transferring the mixture into an oil bath pot for reaction, and centrifuging, washing and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain polybutadiene modified silicon dioxide;
(4) adding polystyrene, polybutadiene modified silica, 2-6% of filler talcum powder and 0.6-1.5% of antioxidant 1010 into a high-speed mixer, uniformly mixing at a high speed, transferring the mixture into a double-screw extruder for granulation, and pressing the mixture by using a flat vulcanizing machine to obtain the nano silica modified polystyrene high-strength insulation board.
2. The preparation method of the nano-silica modified polystyrene high-strength insulation board according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step (1), anhydrous toluene solvent, nano silicon dioxide and 5-isocyanate isopeptide acyl chloride (C)9H3NO3Cl2) The mass ratio of (1) is 200-650:10: 4.5-8.
3. The preparation method of the nano-silica modified polystyrene high-strength insulation board according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the mass ratio of the tetrahydrofuran solvent, the acyl chloride silicon dioxide, the glycidol and the catalyst in the step (2) is 300-750:10:2-6.5: 0.02-0.06.
4. The preparation method of the nano-silica modified polystyrene high-strength insulation board according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the catalyst in the step (2) is pyridine.
5. The preparation method of the nano-silica modified polystyrene high-strength insulation board according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the mass ratio of the N, N-dimethylformamide solvent, the epoxidized silica and the amino-terminated polybutadiene in the step (3) is 450: 1200:10: 6-15.
6. The preparation method of the nano-silica modified polystyrene high-strength insulation board according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the reaction temperature in the step (3) is 60-80 ℃, and the reaction time is 6-18 h.
7. The preparation method of the nano-silica modified polystyrene high-strength insulation board according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step (4), the mass ratio of the polystyrene to the polybutadiene modified silica is 100: 1-4.5.
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