CN114101711A - Metal component 3D printing device and method in microgravity environment - Google Patents

Metal component 3D printing device and method in microgravity environment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114101711A
CN114101711A CN202111267103.0A CN202111267103A CN114101711A CN 114101711 A CN114101711 A CN 114101711A CN 202111267103 A CN202111267103 A CN 202111267103A CN 114101711 A CN114101711 A CN 114101711A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
printing
metal
cavity
microgravity environment
sealed
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Pending
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CN202111267103.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈祯
张树哲
姚森
魏培
李敏
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Priority to CN202111267103.0A priority Critical patent/CN114101711A/en
Publication of CN114101711A publication Critical patent/CN114101711A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/38—Housings, e.g. machine housings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/22—Direct deposition of molten metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/32—Process control of the atmosphere, e.g. composition or pressure in a building chamber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/38—Process control to achieve specific product aspects, e.g. surface smoothness, density, porosity or hollow structures
    • B22F10/385—Overhang structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/50—Treatment of workpieces or articles during build-up, e.g. treatments applied to fused layers during build-up
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/80—Data acquisition or data processing
    • B22F10/85—Data acquisition or data processing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/20—Cooling means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/30—Platforms or substrates
    • B22F12/33—Platforms or substrates translatory in the deposition plane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Abstract

The invention discloses a 3D printing device and a method for a metal component in a microgravity environment, which adopts a sealed forming cavity structure, wherein a metal smelting unit is arranged at the top in the sealed forming cavity, a printing spray head of the metal smelting unit is positioned in the sealed forming cavity, a translation table and a graph acquisition device are arranged in the sealed forming cavity, the sealed forming cavity is utilized to form a printing sealed cavity, a cooling device is arranged in the sealed forming cavity to form a cooling circulation mechanism, the metal smelting unit 14 is adopted to melt metal, molten metal melted by the translation table and the printing spray head is spread and formed, meanwhile, the cooling device below the printing spray head is utilized to cool, the translation table is adopted to move and reversely form, the problem that the printing spray head moves to cause free movement of liquid is avoided, metal forming printing in the microgravity environment can be realized, and meanwhile, the influence of gas thermal convection phenomenon on a forming area is also avoided, the printing precision is improved.

Description

Metal component 3D printing device and method in microgravity environment
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a metal component 3D printing device and method in a microgravity environment.
Background
With the development of aerospace technology, people gradually explore more remote space, so that the problems of maintenance of aerospace equipment and replacement and repair of damaged parts are more important. Damaged parts of an aerospace ship and an international space station need to be manufactured from the earth, then are launched and lifted off through a carrier rocket, and then are repaired or replaced by astronauts; for complex and precise workpieces or experimental instruments, the vibration in the launching process can have adverse effects on the precision, the performance and the like of the workpieces or the experimental instruments. Scientists of all countries have therefore proposed the on-track manufacture of parts and even precision instruments.
3D printing (3DP), a rapid prototyping technique, is a technique that constructs an object by printing layer-by-layer using an adhesive material, such as powdered metal or plastic, based on a digital model file. The 3D printing technology has the greatest advantages that a cutter or a die is not needed, and objects in any shapes can be directly obtained according to computer graphic data, so that the quality of parts is reduced, and the production and development period of products is shortened. In a ground environment, 3D printing has gained wide application in various fields. The biggest challenge of space 3D printing is the microgravity, and in the space microgravity environment, the deposition phenomenon caused by density difference and the convection phenomenon caused by gravity almost disappear; the spreading and solidification phenomena of the printing substrate are also very different on earth, and the thermal convection phenomenon of gas is also ineffective. Due to the limiting factors, the existing 3D printer cannot be directly applied to the field of space 3D printing, and cannot effectively realize the forming under the microgravity vacuum.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a 3D printing device and a method for a metal component in a microgravity environment, so as to overcome the defects of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a metal component 3D printing device under microgravity environment, including sealed shaping cavity, the unit is smelted to the metal installed at top in the sealed shaping cavity, the printing shower nozzle that the unit was smelted to the metal is located sealed shaping cavity, be equipped with translation platform and figure collection system in the sealed shaping cavity, the translation platform is located and prints the shower nozzle below, figure collection system is used for acquireing translation bench forming image, the outer lane of printing the shower nozzle is equipped with cooling device, sealed shaping cavity lateral wall is equipped with gets a storehouse.
Further, the metal smelting unit comprises a smelting cavity, the smelting cavity is of a through structure, a printing spray head is arranged at one end of the smelting cavity, a piston rod is arranged in the smelting cavity, the end of the smelting cavity is sealed with the piston rod, and an electromagnetic induction heating coil is arranged on the outer side of the smelting cavity.
Furthermore, the end part of the smelting cavity is provided with a sealing cover, the sealing cover is in threaded connection with the smelting cavity, and a sealing gasket is arranged between the sealing cover and the piston rod.
Furthermore, a thermocouple for detecting the temperature of the molten metal liquid is arranged on the side wall of the smelting cavity, which is provided with the printing nozzle.
Further, still including the control system who is used for controlling translation platform, control system is connected with the power, and the power is connected with solar panel, and translation platform adopts air pressure pole or lead screw transmission structure.
Further, cooling device is including encircling the cooling tube who locates the print nozzle outer lane, and cooling tube is connected with air compressor through the trachea, and air compressor connects and prints the air supply.
Furthermore, a plurality of cooling pipelines are arranged at intervals on the outer ring of the printing nozzle, an annular structure is formed by the plurality of cooling pipelines, each cooling pipeline is connected to the air compressor through an independent air pipe, and the cooling pipelines are connected with electromagnetic valves.
Furthermore, one side of the sealed forming cavity is provided with a glove operation opening.
A3D printing method for a metal component in a microgravity environment comprises the following steps:
s1, before 3D printing, setting the forming cavity into inert gas atmosphere, adjusting the water oxygen content in the forming cavity to a set printing numerical range, and putting the metal base material to be formed into a metal melting device;
and S2, moving the translation table to a printing layer thickness position below the printing spray head according to the slice structure of the part to be formed, conveying molten metal, moving the translation table according to data information of a printing graph, cooling the forming layer by using a cooling device to finish the printing of one layer thickness, and repeating the steps until the printing of the part is finished.
Furthermore, for a cantilever or a suspension structure, the printing spray head is separated from the forming surface by 0-3 mm, molten metal is extruded out by the printing nozzle, one end of the molten metal is combined with the forming surface of the previous layer through metallurgical bonding, the other end of the molten metal is connected with the molten metal in the crucible, the translation table is moved, the molten metal is pulled into a wire shape and stretches across the suspension structure, and unsupported printing is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention relates to a 3D printing device for a metal component in a microgravity environment, which adopts a sealed forming cavity structure, wherein a metal smelting unit is arranged at the top in the sealed forming cavity, a printing nozzle of the metal smelting unit is positioned in the sealed forming cavity, a translation table and a graph acquisition device are arranged in the sealed forming cavity, the sealed forming cavity is used for forming a printing sealed cavity, a cooling device is arranged in the sealed forming cavity to form a cooling circulation mechanism, the metal smelting unit 14 is used for melting metal, molten metal melted by the translation table and the printing nozzle is spread and formed by moving, meanwhile, the cooling device below the printing nozzle is used for cooling, the translation table is used for moving and reversely forming, the problem that the printing nozzle moves to cause free movement of liquid is avoided, the metal forming and printing in the microgravity environment can be realized, and the influence of gas heat convection phenomenon on a forming area is also avoided, the printing precision is improved.
Furthermore, the metal smelting unit comprises a smelting cavity which is of a through structure, a printing nozzle is arranged at one end of the smelting cavity, the structure is simple, and sealing can be achieved while metal melting is achieved.
Furthermore, the side wall of the smelting cavity, which is provided with the printing nozzle, is provided with the thermocouple, so that the melting temperature feedback can be realized, and the heating precision is improved.
According to the metal 3D printing method in the microgravity environment, the metal component 3D printing device in the microgravity environment can be used for realizing part forming in the microgravity environment, the support structure is used as a suspension support in the microgravity environment, printing of the suspension part is realized, and forming efficiency and forming precision are greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a printing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a metal melting unit and an extrusion structure in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a nozzle cooling ring configuration in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a printing forming process in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the principle of the invention without support.
Wherein, 1, an air pipe; 4. a cooling duct; 5. a thermocouple; 6. a piston rod; 7. an electromagnetic induction heating coil; 8. a sealing cover; 9. an air compressor; 10. a translation stage; 11. sealing the forming cavity; 12. printing a spray head; 13. a glove operating opening; 14. a metal melting unit; 15. a solar panel; 16. a pattern acquisition device; 17. a power source; 18. a pickup bin; 19. a control system; 20. a metal layer; 21. an air outlet; 22. a suspended structure; 23. and (5) forming surface.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, a 3D printing device for a metal component in a microgravity environment comprises a sealed forming cavity 11, a metal smelting unit 14 is installed at the top inside the sealed forming cavity 11, a printing nozzle 12 of the metal smelting unit 14 is located inside the sealed forming cavity 11, a translation table 10 and a pattern acquisition device 16 are arranged inside the sealed forming cavity 11, the translation table 10 is located below the printing nozzle 12, the pattern acquisition device 16 is used for acquiring a forming image on the translation table 10, a cooling device is arranged on the outer ring of the printing nozzle 12, and a pickup bin 18 is arranged on the side wall of the sealed forming cavity 11. This application utilizes sealed shaping cavity 11 to form and prints sealed chamber, set up cooling device in sealed shaping cavity 11, form the cooling circulation mechanism, adopt metal melting unit 14 to fuse the metal, adopt translation platform 10 to remove and print shower nozzle 12 fused molten metal and spread the shaping, utilize the cooling device who prints shower nozzle 12 below to cool off simultaneously, adopt translation platform 10 to remove reverse shaping, the problem of printing the shower nozzle removal and causing liquid free movement has been avoided, can realize that metal forming prints under the microgravity environment, the influence that gas heat convection phenomenon caused the shaping region has also been avoided simultaneously, the printing precision has been improved.
As shown in fig. 2, the metal smelting unit 14 includes a smelting cavity, the smelting cavity is a hollow structure, one end of the smelting cavity is provided with a printing nozzle 12, a piston rod 6 is arranged in the smelting cavity, a space between the end of the smelting cavity and the piston rod 6 is sealed, an electromagnetic induction heating coil 7 is arranged outside the smelting cavity, the smelting cavity is used for placing materials used by parts to be formed, heating and melting are performed through a power supply of the electromagnetic induction heating coil 7, and molten metal droplets are extruded by the piston rod 6 and enter the sealed forming cavity 11 through the printing nozzle 12. The end part of the smelting cavity is provided with a sealing cover 8, the sealing cover 8 is in threaded connection with the smelting cavity, and a sealing gasket is arranged between the sealing cover 8 and the piston rod 6. The interior of the smelting cavity is a smelting crucible, and the exterior is provided with an electromagnetic induction heating coil 7 for heating metal to a molten state. The piston rod 6 is driven by a driving source which adopts a pneumatic rod or a lead screw for transmission.
The side wall of the smelting cavity, which is provided with one end of the printing nozzle 12, is provided with a thermocouple 5 for detecting the temperature of the molten metal liquid.
The metal smelting unit 14 is connected with the sealed forming cavity 11 in a sealing mode. Before 3D printing, the forming cavity is replaced by inert gas, the water oxygen content is adjusted to be within a set printing numerical range, the used 3D printing metal base material is placed into a metal smelting device 14, a sealing cover 8 is closed, and then a power supply of an electromagnetic induction heating coil 7 is turned on to heat and melt the metal base material.
Still including the control system 19 that is used for controlling translation platform 10, control system 19 is connected with power 17, and power 17 is connected with solar panel 15, and translation platform 10 adopts pneumatic rod or screw drive structure, realizes translation platform 10's lift. The pattern acquisition device 16 is arranged on one side of the translation stage 10 and is lifted synchronously with the translation stage 10. The pattern acquisition device 16 adopts a high-speed camera for observing the forming process and feeding back records in real time, and the thermocouple 5 is connected to the control system 19 for feeding back the temperature of the molten metal liquid.
As shown in fig. 4, the cooling device includes a cooling pipeline 4 annularly arranged on the outer ring of the printing nozzle 12, the cooling pipeline 4 is connected with an air compressor 9 through an air pipe, the air compressor 9 is connected with a printing air source (adopting an inert gas air source), the cooling pipeline 4 is provided with a plurality of air outlets 21, the direction of the air outlets is consistent with the outlet direction of the printing nozzle, and the cooling pipeline is used for rapidly cooling the printed metal layer 20, printing a layer thickness, and lowering the translation table 10 by a distance of one layer thickness to print the next layer.
Specifically, printing 12 outer lane intervals of shower nozzle and being provided with a plurality of cooling tube 4, a plurality of cooling tube 4 arrays form the loop configuration, and every cooling tube 4 is connected to air compressor 9 through independent trachea 1, 2, 3 for the direction of control gas cools off to different positions, improves cooling efficiency, reaches the purpose of practicing thrift.
An air inlet of the air compressor 9 is arranged in the molding cavity, an air outlet of the air compressor is connected with the cooling pipeline 4, and the cooling pipeline 4 is connected with an electromagnetic valve; one side of the sealed forming cavity 11 is provided with a glove operation opening 13, and the rubber gloves are used for realizing the sealing of the inert gas protection device, thereby facilitating the manual operation.
As shown in fig. 3, the three cooling pipeline lines are respectively connected with solenoid valve switches, and the control system judges the forming direction and opens the solenoid valve of the pipeline behind the forming.
Based on the printing device, the 3D printing method for the metal in the microgravity environment comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, before 3D printing, the forming cavity is replaced by inert gas, the water oxygen content is adjusted to be within a set printing numerical range, the used 3D printing metal base material is placed into a metal smelting device 14, a sealing cover 8 is closed, and then a power supply of an electromagnetic induction heating coil 7 is turned on for heating.
2) And adjusting the distance between the substrate of the translation table 10 and the end face of the 3D printing nozzle 12 to a proper value, opening the image acquisition device 16 to monitor the printing condition in real time, and starting the printing work. The control system enables the actuating mechanism to push the piston rod 6 according to data information of a printed graph, the piston rod 6 pushes molten metal to extrude the molten metal along the 3D printing nozzle 12, the molten metal is spread between the end face of the nozzle 11 and the 3D displacement translation table, meanwhile, the air compressor 9 is started, the control system judges the forming direction in real time, the electromagnetic valve on the rear forming path is opened, air is blown from the rear air hole, and therefore the printed metal layer 20 is cooled rapidly. After one layer is printed, the translation stage 10 is lowered by one layer to print the next layer.
For a workpiece with a cantilever or suspended structure, the workpiece is formed by adopting a self-supporting method, which specifically comprises the following steps: the control system enables the spray head to leave the forming surface by 0-3 mm according to the cantilever or the suspension structure 22, after the molten metal is extruded by the nozzle, one end of the molten metal is combined with the forming surface 23 on the upper layer through metallurgical bonding, the other end of the molten metal is connected with the molten metal in the crucible, and in the moving process of the translation table, the molten metal is pulled into a filament shape and stretches across the suspension structure, so that unsupported printing is realized.
According to the invention, the metal component 3D printing device under the microgravity environment can realize part molding under the microgravity environment, and the printing of the suspended part is realized by utilizing the microgravity environment and adopting the support structure as a suspended support, so that the molding efficiency and the molding precision are greatly improved.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a metal component 3D printing device under microgravity environment, a serial communication port, including sealed cavity (11) that takes shape, top is installed metal and is smelted unit (14) in sealed cavity (11) that takes shape, the printing shower nozzle (12) of metal smelting unit (14) are located sealed cavity (11) that takes shape, be equipped with translation platform (10) and figure collection system (16) in sealed cavity (11) that takes shape, translation platform (10) are located and print shower nozzle (12) below, figure collection system (16) are used for acquireing the shaping image on translation platform (10), the outer lane of printing shower nozzle (12) is equipped with cooling device, sealed cavity (11) lateral wall that takes shape is equipped with gets a storehouse (18).
2. The 3D printing device for the metal component in the microgravity environment according to claim 1, wherein the metal smelting unit (14) comprises a smelting cavity, the smelting cavity is of a through structure, a printing nozzle (12) is arranged at one end of the smelting cavity, a piston rod (6) is arranged in the smelting cavity, the end of the smelting cavity is sealed with the piston rod (6), and an electromagnetic induction heating coil (7) is arranged outside the smelting cavity.
3. The 3D printing device for the metal component in the microgravity environment according to claim 2 is characterized in that a sealing cover (8) is arranged at the end part of the smelting cavity, the sealing cover (8) is in threaded connection with the smelting cavity, and a sealing gasket is arranged between the sealing cover (8) and the piston rod (6).
4. 3D printing device for metal components in microgravity environment according to claim 2, characterized in that the side wall of the melting chamber at the end provided with the printing nozzle (12) is provided with a thermocouple (5) for detecting the temperature of the molten metal.
5. The 3D printing device for the metal components in the microgravity environment according to claim 1, further comprising a control system (19) for controlling the translation stage (10), wherein the control system (19) is connected with a power supply (17), the power supply (17) is connected with a solar panel (15), and the translation stage (10) adopts a pneumatic rod or lead screw transmission structure.
6. The 3D printing device for the metal component in the microgravity environment according to claim 1, wherein the cooling device comprises a cooling pipeline (4) which is arranged around the outer ring of the printing nozzle (12), the cooling pipeline (4) is connected with an air compressor (9) through an air pipe, and the air compressor (9) is connected with a printing air source.
7. The 3D printing device for the metal component in the microgravity environment according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of cooling pipelines (4) are arranged at intervals on the outer ring of the printing nozzle (12), the plurality of cooling pipelines (4) form an annular structure in an array mode, each cooling pipeline (4) is connected to an air compressor (9) through an independent air pipe, and an electromagnetic valve is connected to each cooling pipeline (4).
8. The 3D printing device for the metal component in the microgravity environment according to claim 1, wherein a glove operation opening (13) is formed in one side of the sealed forming cavity (11).
9. The printing device based on claim 1 is used for 3D printing of the metal component in the microgravity environment, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, before 3D printing, setting the forming cavity into inert gas atmosphere, adjusting the water oxygen content in the forming cavity to a set printing numerical range, and putting the metal base material to be formed into a metal melting device;
and S2, moving the translation table to a printing layer thickness position below the printing spray head according to the slice structure of the part to be formed, conveying molten metal, moving the translation table according to data information of a printing graph, cooling the forming layer by using a cooling device to finish the printing of one layer thickness, and repeating the steps until the printing of the part is finished.
10. The method for 3D printing the metal component in the microgravity environment according to claim 9, wherein for a cantilever or a suspended structure, a printing spray head is separated from a forming surface by 0-3 mm, molten metal is extruded from a printing nozzle, one end of the molten metal is combined with the forming surface of the previous layer through metallurgical bonding, the other end of the molten metal is connected with the molten metal in a crucible, and a translation table is moved, so that the molten metal is drawn into a wire shape and spans over the suspended structure, and unsupported printing is realized.
CN202111267103.0A 2021-10-28 2021-10-28 Metal component 3D printing device and method in microgravity environment Pending CN114101711A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115625342A (en) * 2022-11-11 2023-01-20 江南大学 3D printing manufacturing device and method for wide continuous melt flow laying

Citations (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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Application publication date: 20220301