CN114085010A - Inorganic ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment system and process - Google Patents
Inorganic ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment system and process Download PDFInfo
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- CN114085010A CN114085010A CN202111492830.7A CN202111492830A CN114085010A CN 114085010 A CN114085010 A CN 114085010A CN 202111492830 A CN202111492830 A CN 202111492830A CN 114085010 A CN114085010 A CN 114085010A
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- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 184
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000019109 Patrinia villosa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 41
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000009267 Patrinia scabiosaefolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 241000868211 Patrinia scabiosifolia Species 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 11
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- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000606264 Patrinia Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000001546 nitrifying effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 9
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
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- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 241001050789 Patrinia scabra Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005842 biochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010063409 Acarodermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000108664 Nitrobacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000447727 Scabies Species 0.000 description 1
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- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011045 prefiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5281—Installations for water purification using chemical agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2203/006—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/14—NH3-N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/16—Total nitrogen (tkN-N)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/04—Flow arrangements
- C02F2301/046—Recirculation with an external loop
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/14—Maintenance of water treatment installations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
An inorganic ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment system comprises a basin regulation and storage unit, a pretreatment unit, a percolation biochemical treatment unit, a reflux unit and an auxiliary unit; the system also comprises a pre-filtering unit, wherein the pre-filtering unit is arranged in front of the watershed regulating and storing unit, or behind the watershed regulating and storing unit and in front of the preprocessing unit; the pre-filtering unit is enclosed into a closed lattice cage by a filter screen and is provided with a water inlet end, two ends of the pre-filtering unit are provided with collecting chambers, a through flushing pipe is arranged on the lattice cage, and a water baffle is arranged below the flushing pipe after the flushing pipe is connected to the pre-processing unit; and the wastewater after being pumped by the pump is refluxed and impacts the water baffle to form a water wall overflowing the bottom of the lattice cage. The invention abandons the arrangement of the grid canal, intercepts the withered branches and patrinia leaves in the wastewater through the arrangement of the pre-filtering unit, and simultaneously forms a hydraulic jump scouring lattice cage by the wastewater after passing through the drainage basin regulating and storing unit and before the pre-treating unit to impact the water baffle plate, thereby avoiding the occurrence of blockage and maintaining the continuity of the process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of inorganic ammonia nitrogen treatment, in particular to an inorganic ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment system and process.
Background
The rare earth resource is one of important mineral resources in China, the south of China is typically ion type rare earth ore which exists in a mud layer in an ion state, the mining generally comprises the steps of soaking the mud by ammonium sulfate, replacing the ion type rare earth element into a solution, and then precipitating by oxalic acid or ammonium bicarbonate to obtain rare earth concentrate with the grade of more than 92%; in the concrete operation, the in-situ leaching method is adopted in the concrete production process of the mining, and considerable rare earth tail water can be formed, has the characteristics of high ammonia nitrogen, low COD, high salinity, high turbidity, large change of water quality and water quantity and the like, and can greatly influence the water circulation of the natural environment if the mining is not properly treated.
The rare earth mine tail water is characterized in that mineral leaching liquid ((NH4)2SO4 solution) used by rare earth in the mining process cannot be completely collected in an ore body, and then precipitation or underground water is continuously seeped out from the ore body, SO that natural water in a rare earth mining area forms special sewage with non-point source pollution, the non-point source pollution rare earth tail water is influenced by factors such as mining age limit, mining degree and climate of the ore area, the property difference of the rare earth tail water with different non-point source pollution is large, and the main characteristics of the rare earth mine tail water comprise: 1. the main pollution factors are ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, the concentration range of the ammonia nitrogen is mainly between 30 and 300mg/L, and the concentration range of the nitrate nitrogen is mainly between 20 and 80 mg/L; 2. the content of organic matters is small, the COD concentration range is mainly between 10 and 20mg/L, the BOD5 concentration range is mainly between 3 and 8mg/L, and the biochemical compound is basically free from biodegradability and lacks of phosphorus which is a nutrient required by biochemistry; 3. the rainfall is large, the fluctuation is large under the influence of seasonal climate, the rainfall is mainly influenced, the rainfall is more and more in spring and summer, and the rainfall is less and less in autumn and winter; 4. the water quality fluctuation is large, and the concentration of pollutants is different by 1-3 times in the rich water period and the dry water period; 5. due to the damage influence of the surface planting of the mining area, the content of silt in the rare earth tail water is large in the period of heavy rainfall; 6. the water temperature of the rare earth tail water is greatly influenced by seasons, the water temperature is as low as about 8-10 ℃ in winter, and the water temperature is about 24-28 ℃ in summer.
The main pollutants of the rare earth tail water are ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, the biochemical treatment is the most economic mode, the main principle is to convert the ammonia nitrogen into the nitrate nitrogen by nitrifying and denitrifying, short-range nitrifying and denitrifying or anaerobic ammonia oxidation, the nitrifying is to convert the ammonia nitrogen into the nitrate nitrogen by nitrifying bacteria, and the main biochemical reaction conditions are water temperature, dissolved oxygen and alkalinity; denitrification refers to the conversion of nitrate nitrogen into nitrogen by denitrifying bacteria, and the main biochemical reaction conditions are water temperature and carbon source.
In the prior art, on one hand, due to strict technological parameter control of shortcut nitrification and denitrification, high requirement on water temperature and stricter technological parameter control of anaerobic ammonia oxidation, both are difficult to be practically applied to treatment of non-point source polluted rare earth tail water at present; on the other hand, in practice, a large amount of silt and patrinia scabiosaefolia are wrapped in the fluid and have a blocking effect on process pipelines or channels, for example, a rare earth mine tail water surface source pollution high-efficiency percolation treatment system and a process thereof disclosed in publication number CN112390461A, when the fluid flows through a grid channel, the patrinia scabiosaefolia in the fluid often blocks the channel, so that not only the flow is gradually reduced to affect the subsequent process links, but also the fluid overflows through the grid channel when the flow is large, and particularly when the rainfall is large in summer, the channel must be frequently patrolled and cleaned, even if the channel cannot be ensured to be stable, on the one hand, the required patrolling and cleaning frequency is different due to the diversity of climate and different time periods, the requirement of the continuous treatment process cannot be met, and on the other hand, the sediment cannot be completely removed in practice although the sediment precipitation step is performed, the sediment is deposited after flowing through the grating channel, and because the treatment process has intermittence, when the device does not work, especially in the open air and high temperature weather, the sediment and the blocked branches and patrinia leaves are hardened together to completely block the grating channel, and even if the process is started, the hardened blocked parts cannot be dispersed by the fluid flowing through the grating channel, and the fluid can only be washed by a high-pressure water gun, so that the continuous process is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an inorganic ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment system and process according to the problems of the background art, and the invention is further explained below.
An inorganic ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment system comprises a basin regulation and storage unit, a pretreatment unit, a percolation biochemical treatment unit, a reflux unit and an auxiliary unit; the watershed regulating and storing unit comprises a regulating and storing pool and a sand blocking dam, and is used for respectively regulating the water quantity of the surface source polluted rare earth tail water and settling sand, reducing the sand content of the rare earth tail water and regulating the water quantity in the water-rich period; the pretreatment unit comprises a precipitation reaction tank, a sedimentation tank and a cloth filter, wherein the precipitation reaction tank is used for adjusting the pH value of the rare earth tail water and forming larger floccules; the percolation biochemical treatment unit comprises a nitrification regulating tank, a nitrification percolation tank, a denitrification regulating tank and a denitrification percolation tank; the reflux unit is used for refluxing the effluent of the denitrification infiltration tank to the nitrification regulating tank through a reflux pump, recovering the alkalinity of the system, reducing the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the influent water and playing a role in retreatment under the condition of low water temperature; the auxiliary unit comprises an alkali adding system, a carbon source adding system, a temperature and gas adjusting system, a sludge treatment system and an electric automatic control system;
the system also comprises a pre-filtering unit, wherein the pre-filtering unit is arranged in front of the watershed regulating and storing unit, or behind the watershed regulating and storing unit and in front of the preprocessing unit; the pre-filtering unit is enclosed into a closed lattice cage by a filter screen and is provided with a water inlet end, two ends of the pre-filtering unit are provided with collecting chambers, a through flushing pipe is arranged on the lattice cage, and a water baffle is arranged below the flushing pipe after the flushing pipe is connected to the pre-processing unit; and the wastewater after being pumped by the pump is refluxed and impacts the water baffle to form a water wall overflowing the bottom of the lattice cage.
Preferably, the pump is started continuously or intermittently, and a continuous or discontinuous hydraulic jump is generated on the water baffle; the interval time is related to the content of the patrinia scabiosaefolia wrapped in the wastewater.
Preferably, the pump is configured such that the height of the water wall generated by the hydraulic jump always overflows the bottom of the crate and such that the water wall reciprocates back and forth at the bottom of the crate; the effect of the device is that the bottom of the lattice cage can be positioned in the scouring range of the water wall, and the reciprocating water wall has more thrust on dead branches of the blockage, so that the scouring effect is ensured.
Preferably, the flushing pipe penetrates through the lattice cage, two ends of the flushing pipe are fixed on the lattice cage through flange plates, and the edge of the water retaining plate is connected to the flange plate positioned below through a pull rope; more criss-cross keels are arranged on the lattice cage;
preferably, the flushing pipe penetrates through the lattice cage, an installation plate flows through the beam, the two flange plates are respectively positioned on the installation plate and below the lattice cage and connected through bolts, and two ends of the flushing pipe are clamped and fixed by the flange plates; the edge of the water retaining plate is connected to the flange plate positioned below through a stay cable; form a stable unit independent relative to the lattice cage, so that the force generated by the guy cable is transferred to the flange plate by the lattice cage.
Preferably, the water inlet end of the grid cage is opposite to the flushing pipe, a closed net table enclosed by the filter screen is arranged on the grid cage, and one side of the net table is an arc surface close to the flushing pipe; after the flushing pipe is installed, the net table occupies an area which is difficult to impact after the flushing pipe is installed, accumulation of the patrinia scabiosaefolia leaves in the area is avoided, and meanwhile, acting force of the net table on the flushing pipe is beneficial to resisting bending moment generated by impact of fluid on the flushing pipe.
Preferably, one side of the collection chamber is provided with an openable sealing door; accomplish the closure to collecting the room through parts such as hasp, when needs are cleared up the backwood herba patriniae leaf in the collecting chamber, only need open and seal the door and can clear up the backwood herba patriniae leaf of gathering in the collecting chamber.
Preferably, the bottom of the collection chamber is an open surface, the side surface of the collection chamber is also provided with an open surface with the same width as the bottom surface, and the collection chamber is also provided with a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is provided with four L-shaped filter screens which synchronously rotate, and the rotating shaft is arranged on one ratchet wheel component; the ratchet wheel enables the rotating shaft to rotate only in the direction from the open surface at the bottom of the collecting chamber to the open surface at the side surface, the rotating shaft has four action positions under the action of the ratchet wheel, and each rotation ensures that one L-shaped filter screen just closes the open surface of the collecting chamber; and the patrinia scabiosaefolia collected on the L-shaped filter screen is pushed out of the lattice cage in the rotating process, so that the effect of quickly and conveniently cleaning the patrinia scabiei scabiess is achieved.
An inorganic ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment process comprises the following steps:
s1, allowing the non-point source polluted rare earth mine wastewater to enter a storage tank, and performing water quantity adjustment and sand setting to reduce the sand content in the wastewater;
s2, enabling the water discharged from the storage tank to enter a pre-filtering unit, intercepting patrinia scabiosaefolia by the pre-filtering unit, pumping the wastewater by a pump, impacting the wastewater on a water baffle to generate hydraulic jump impact lattice cage, and flushing the patrinia scabiefolia to a collecting chamber;
s3, enabling the pre-filtering unit to enter a reaction tank, adding alkali into a quick mixing tank, quickly mixing the alkali with the wastewater through a stirrer, adjusting the pH value of the wastewater and supplementing the alkalinity required by nitrification, further forming larger granular suspended matters in a flocculation tank through stirring, and performing sludge-water separation;
s4, enabling the effluent of the reaction tank to enter a sedimentation tank, carrying out mud-water separation under the action of gravity, and enabling sludge at the bottom and sludge generated by the cloth filter to enter a sludge treatment system for dehydration treatment;
s5, enabling supernatant effluent of the sedimentation tank to enter a cloth filter for further removing suspended matters in wastewater, and then entering a nitrification regulating tank;
s6, in the nitrification regulating tank, mixing the wastewater with the wastewater which is treated by the system and is refluxed by the reflux tank to reach the standard, recovering partial alkalinity and reducing the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the inlet water, and intermittently, regularly and quantitatively lifting the wastewater to the nitrification percolation tank by using a lifting pump to reduce the concentration of pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater;
s7, enabling effluent of the nitrification percolation pool to enter a denitrification regulating pool, mixing a carbon source added by a carbon source adding system with wastewater in the denitrification regulating pool, and intermittently, regularly and quantitatively lifting the wastewater to the denitrification percolation pool by using a lifting pump to reduce the concentration of pollutants such as total nitrogen in the wastewater;
s8, enabling the effluent of the denitrification percolation pool to enter a reflux pool, enabling the wastewater in the reflux pool to flow back to a nitrification regulating pool through a reflux pump in a certain proportion, and enabling the rest wastewater to pass through a Parshall metering tank and then be discharged after reaching the standard.
Preferably, the proportion of the wastewater in the reflux pool which is refluxed to the nitrification regulating pool is different according to the difference of the dry period and the rich period, according to the experience, the reflux proportion is 50-100% under the normal condition, no reflux is generated in the rich period, and the reflux proportion in the dry period is 150-200%.
Preferably, in a water-rich period, in step 7, the effluent of the nitrification percolation tank enters a denitrification regulation tank, a carbon source added by a carbon source adding system is mixed with wastewater in the denitrification regulation tank, the wastewater is intermittently, regularly and quantitatively lifted to the denitrification percolation tank by using a lifting pump, and meanwhile, a denitrification one-layer, two-layer and three-layer water inlet and distribution system is started to reduce the concentration of pollutants such as total nitrogen in the wastewater.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the arrangement of the grid canal is abandoned, the dead branches and the patrinia leaves in the wastewater are intercepted through the arrangement of the pre-filtering unit, and the wastewater after passing through the drainage basin storage regulating unit and before the pretreatment unit collides with the water baffle to form a hydraulic jump scouring cage, so that the blockage is avoided, and the continuity of the process is maintained.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the invention relates to a process flow chart of inorganic ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment;
FIG. 2: the structure of the pre-filtering unit in the invention is schematically shown in the front view;
FIG. 3: the structure of the lattice cage in the invention is schematically viewed from the top;
FIG. 4: the structure schematic diagram of the nitrification percolation tank of the invention;
FIG. 5: the structure of the denitrification infiltration tank is shown schematically.
Detailed Description
A specific embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1-5.
An inorganic ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment system comprises a basin regulation and storage unit, a pre-filtering unit, a pretreatment unit, a percolation biochemical treatment unit, a reflux unit and an auxiliary unit; wherein,
the watershed regulating and storing unit comprises a regulating and storing pool and a sand blocking dam, and is used for respectively regulating the water quantity of the surface source polluted rare earth tail water and settling sand, reducing the sand content of the rare earth tail water and regulating the water quantity in the rich water period;
the pre-filtering unit 100 is enclosed into a closed lattice cage by a filter screen, and is provided with a water inlet end 101, collecting chambers 102 are arranged at two ends of the lattice cage, wastewater to be treated enters the lattice cage from the water inlet end, the lattice cage intercepts wrapped branches and leaves, a through flushing pipe 104 is arranged on the lattice cage through a flange plate 103, and a water baffle plate 105 is arranged below the flushing pipe;
the pretreatment unit comprises a precipitation reaction tank, a sedimentation tank and a cloth filter, wherein the precipitation reaction tank is used for adjusting the pH value of the rare earth tail water and forming larger floccules;
the percolation biochemical treatment unit comprises a nitrification regulating tank, a nitrification percolation tank, a denitrification regulating tank and a denitrification percolation tank;
the reflux unit is used for refluxing the effluent of the denitrification infiltration tank to the nitrification regulating tank through a reflux pump, recovering the alkalinity of the system, reducing the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the influent water and playing a role in retreatment under the condition of low water temperature;
the auxiliary unit comprises an alkali adding system, a carbon source adding system, a temperature and gas adjusting system, a sludge treatment system and an electric automatic control system.
One end of the flushing pipe is connected to the pretreatment unit through a pipeline, fluid treated by the pretreatment unit flows back to the flushing pipe through a pump, is sprayed downwards by the flushing pipe and impacts on the water baffle plate to generate a hydraulic jump phenomenon, namely a water wall with obviously increased height is generated at a certain distance from a fluid impact point, the height of the water wall overflows the lattice cage to play a role in upwards flushing the lattice cage, the top of the lattice cage is hung on the beam through the lifting lugs 106 and is kept stable under the flushing of the water wall. The closed lattice cage has an interception effect on the patrinia scabiosaefolia which is wrapped by the waste water fluid, the waste water entering the lattice cage has an impact effect on the patrinia scabieae retained in the lattice cage, the patrinia scabieae is pushed to the collection chambers 102 at two ends, the patrinia scabieae is actually clamped on grids on the lattice cage, the deadwood cannot be moved by the thrust in the flow direction of the waste water fluid, the water wall which is generated by water jump and passes through the bottom of the lattice cage generates upward thrust on one hand and acts on the bottom of the lattice cage on the other hand, so that the lattice cage has certain deformation and vibration, the deadwood blocked by the blocking is loosened together, and the patrinia scabieae is pushed to the collection chambers at two ends.
According to the actual existence interval of the wastewater treatment process, the patrinia scabiosaefolia leaves and the silt which are retained in the lattice cage can be hardened during the interval, under the condition, the patrinia scabiosaefolia leaves and the silt can be cleaned before the next process is started, or in the embodiment, the patrinia scabiosaefolia leaves and the silt can not be cleaned independently before the next process is started, the treatment process is directly started, the waste water is soaked in the plate knots in advance, then the pump flows back the waste water and impacts the water jump generated by the water baffle 105 to disperse the hardened substances, and the continuity of the process is not influenced.
The pre-filtering unit 100 may be disposed before the drainage basin regulation and storage unit, or behind the drainage basin regulation and storage unit and before the pretreatment unit, that is, the present embodiment does not require silt treatment in advance when wastewater enters the pre-filtering unit 100, and when silt treatment is not performed in advance, only when wastewater flows through the pre-filtering unit 100, the degree of silt blocking the lattice cage and hardening with the backbranches and patrilages during the process interval is more serious, and the continuity of the process is not affected under the scouring of the waterwalls generated by the water jump, and the action principle is as described above. In this embodiment, it is preferable to dispose the pre-filtering unit 100 after the watershed storage unit and before the pre-treatment unit based on the modification cost of the existing system and the reduction of the risk of clogging of the cages as much as possible.
The hydraulic jump can be generated continuously or intermittently, namely the starting of the pump can be continuous or intermittent, the interval time is related to the content of the patrinia scabiosaefolia entrapped in the wastewater, and the pump can be continuously started under the condition of high content of the patrinia scabiosaefolia, such as luxuriant vegetation in a mining area or at the time of fallen leaves and the like.
The fluid for forming the hydraulic jump washing lattice cage is wastewater to be treated before entering the pretreatment unit, other fluids with different physical and chemical properties are not introduced, the physical and chemical properties of the wastewater are ensured, particularly the physicochemical properties of the wastewater in the same mining area at different seasons such as flood season and dry season are different, and the subsequent process is not influenced.
According to the principle of hydraulic jump generation, the height of a water wall generated by the hydraulic jump and the distance between the water wall and an impact point of wastewater on the water baffle 105 are related to the flow speed of the wastewater, and the distance and the height of the hydraulic jump can be controlled by controlling the power of a pump.
The scouring pipe 104 penetrates through the lattice cage, in one embodiment, two ends of the scouring pipe 104 are fixed on the lattice cage through flanges 103, the edge of the water baffle 105 is connected to the flange 103 below through a stay cable 107, in this embodiment, a waste water fluid impacting on the water baffle 105 generates a large impact force, and the impact force acts on the lattice cage to generate a large deformation, so that more criss-cross keels are arranged on the lattice cage to enhance the stability, however, the denser keels enable the stability of the lattice cage to be higher, but the interception and filtration effects on the waste water are poorer, and the technical contradiction is met. Therefore, the present embodiment adopts the following preferred technical solutions: the installation plate 108 flows between the cross beams 113, the two flange plates 103 are respectively positioned on the installation plate 108 and under the lattice cage and connected through bolts 109, two ends of the flushing pipe 104 are clamped and fixed by the flange plates 103, the edge of the water baffle 105 is connected to the flange plate 103 positioned below through the inhaul cable 107, and a stable unit independent of the lattice cage is formed, so that the force generated by the inhaul cable is transferred to the flange plate through the lattice cage.
Referring to fig. 3, a water inlet end 101 of a lattice cage faces a flushing pipe 104, incoming wastewater to be treated is divided into left and right two parts by the flushing pipe 104 and flows to collecting chambers on two sides, at this time, a region where fluid is difficult to reach is formed on one surface of the flushing pipe 104 back to the water inlet end by the lattice cage, and backbranches and patrinia leaves are accumulated and then difficult to clean.
The collection chamber 102 is used for collecting patrinia scabiosaefolia trapped by the lattice cage, in one embodiment, an openable sealing door is arranged on one side of the collection chamber 102, the collection chamber is sealed through a hasp and other parts, and when the patrinia scabiosaefolia in the collection chamber needs to be cleaned, the patrinia scabiosaefolia accumulated in the collection chamber can be cleaned only by opening the sealing door. In this embodiment, for the convenience washs the collection room, the bottom of collecting room 102 is the face of opening, and the side also is provided with the face of opening with the bottom surface isopachous, is provided with pivot 111 simultaneously, is provided with four synchronous pivoted L type filter screens 112 on the pivot 111, pivot 111 sets up on a ratchet part, and the ratchet makes pivot 111 can only unidirectional rotation, and its direction of rotation be by the open face of collection room bottom to the rotation direction of the face of opening of side, there are four action positions in the pivot under the effect of ratchet, and it then guarantees the face of opening that an L type filter screen seals the collection room just once also to rotate once, and collects the husbandry leaf on L type filter screen and then outside the rotation in-process is pushed to the check cage, has reached the quick convenient clearance effect to husbandry leaf. The ratchet wheel component is a conventional existing component, the structure and the working principle of the ratchet wheel component are the prior art, and the structure of the ratchet wheel component is not described too much in the embodiment.
For the percolation biochemical treatment unit, the nitrification regulating tank is used for storing the incoming water of the pretreatment unit, regulating the water quantity and the water quality of the tank, placing a water inlet lifting pump of the nitrification percolation tank, and conveying the rare earth tail water to the nitrification percolation tank intermittently, regularly and quantitatively through the lifting pump; the nitrification and percolation tank is provided with a water distribution system, an air supply system and a drainage system, the rare earth tail water uniformly enters the percolation tank through the water distribution system and passes through a filter material layer from top to bottom, ammonia nitrogen is intercepted and adsorbed by a biological membrane on the filter material and then undergoes nitrification reaction, oxygen is derived from dissolved oxygen brought by the rare earth tail water, oxygen brought into air in the percolation process and oxygen intermittently provided by an air blower through a low-pressure and medium-pressure air supply system, the main source of alkalinity and the rare earth tail water are added with alkalinity and alkaline gravels in the nitrification and percolation tank, and the process conditions required by the nitrification reaction are fully ensured; the denitrification adjusting tank is used for storing the effluent of the nitrification percolation tank, adding part of carbon source required by denitrification, placing a water inlet lifting pump of the denitrification percolation tank, and conveying the rare earth tail water to the denitrification percolation tank intermittently, regularly and quantitatively through the lifting pump; the denitrification percolation pool is provided with a water distribution system and a drainage system, the rare earth tail water after nitration enters the percolation pool through the water distribution system uniformly, the tail water passes through a filter material layer from top to bottom, nitrate nitrogen is adsorbed by a biological membrane on the filter material and then undergoes denitrification reaction, and the required carbon source mainly comes from a carbon source added by a denitrification regulating pool and a slow-release carbon source in the denitrification percolation pool.
As for the auxiliary unit, the alkali adding system is used for adding alkali into the reaction tank to form flocculent suspended matters so as to facilitate sludge-water separation in the sedimentation tank, and simultaneously adjust the pH value of tail water and supplement alkalinity required by nitrification; the sludge treatment system is used for treating sludge generated by backwashing of the sedimentation tank and the cloth filter; the temperature-adjusting air supply system is used for providing oxygen for the nitrification and percolation tank; the carbon source adding system is used for providing a carbon source for the denitrification infiltration tank; the electric automatic control system is used for providing power for the whole treatment system and realizing full-automatic operation of the system.
Referring to the attached figure 4, the nitrification percolation tank is mainly composed of a nitrification percolation tank wall 1, a geomembrane I2 and a geotextile I3 are arranged on the inner wall of the nitrification percolation tank wall 1, and a nitrification water inlet distribution system 8, a nitrification composite biological filter material 5, a nitrification water outlet water collection system 9, a nitrification one-layer air supply system 14, a nitrification two-layer air supply system 18 and a nitrification three-layer air supply system 21 are arranged in the nitrification percolation tank wall 1; the rare earth mining area tail water lifted from the nitrification regulating reservoir lifting pump is subjected to manual flow regulation through a nitrification water inlet manual butterfly valve 6 and automatic opening and closing of a nitrification water inlet electric butterfly valve 7, is intermittently, time-divisionally, sectionally, regularly and quantitatively and uniformly distributed on the surface of the nitrification percolation pool through a nitrification water inlet water distribution system 8, and is further subjected to suspended matters in the water removal through a geotextile II 4 laid on the surface; the uniformly distributed rare earth mining area tail water slowly passes through the nitrifying composite biological filter material 5 from top to bottom, ammonia nitrogen is firstly intercepted and adsorbed by the nitrifying composite biological filter material 5, and the ammonia nitrogen is converted into nitrate nitrogen through nitrification reaction by a large amount of nitrifying bacteria attached to the nitrifying composite biological filter material 5, so that the concentration of the ammonia nitrogen is reduced; oxygen required by the upper layer nitration reaction is manually adjusted in air flow by a low-pressure fan through a nitration first-layer air supply manual butterfly valve 12 and automatically opened and closed by a nitration first-layer air supply electric butterfly valve 13, and is intermittently supplied by a nitration first-layer air supply system 14 in a time-sharing, sectional, timing and quantitative manner; oxygen required by the middle-layer nitration reaction is manually adjusted in air flow by a medium pressure fan through a manual nitration second-layer air supply butterfly valve 16 and automatically opened and closed through an electric nitration second-layer air supply butterfly valve 17, and is intermittently, regularly and quantitatively supplied through a nitration second-layer air supply system 18; oxygen required by the lower layer nitration reaction is manually adjusted in air flow by a medium pressure fan through a nitration three-layer air supply manual butterfly valve 19 and automatically opened and closed through a nitration three-layer air supply electric butterfly valve 20, and is intermittently, regularly and quantitatively supplied through a nitration three-layer air supply system 21; the low-pressure nitrification air supply heating device 11 and the medium-pressure nitrification air supply heating device 15 are started at a low temperature to heat air provided by the low-pressure and medium-pressure fans, so that the treatment efficiency of the system is ensured; the rare earth mine area tail water permeating through the nitrifying composite biological filter material 5 from top to bottom is discharged to the denitrifying percolation pool in a timed and quantitative manner through the intermittent opening and closing of a nitrifying water outlet electric butterfly valve 10 by a nitrifying water outlet water collecting system 9 arranged at the bottom of the nitrifying percolation pool.
The nitrified composite biological filter material is composed of fine sand, medium sand, coarse sand, volcanic rock, alkaline broken stone, neutral broken stone, zeolite and cobble which are in different grades according to different proportions and layers, has the characteristics of large surface area attached by a biological membrane and large containable biomass, and can reduce the addition amount of a carbon source required for maintaining activated sludge zoogloea in an activated sludge process, reduce the consumption of the carbon source and reduce the consumption of the carbon sourceThe cost of treatment; the alkaline macadam in different filter material layer ratios can provide alkalinity for nitrobacteria in different filter layers in time, so that the requirement of nitration reaction is met, and the treatment efficiency of the nitrification percolation tank is improved; according to different water quality of inlet water and water quality of outlet water, the filler load of the nitrified composite biological filter material is 60-150gNH4 +-N/m3D.
Referring to fig. 5, the denitrification infiltration tank uses a denitrification infiltration tank wall 22 as a main body, a geomembrane II 23 and a geotextile III 24 are arranged on the inner wall of the denitrification infiltration tank wall 22, and a denitrification one-layer inlet water distribution system 29, a denitrification two-layer inlet water distribution system 32, a denitrification three-layer inlet water distribution system 35 and a denitrification composite biological filter material 26 and a denitrification outlet water collection system 36 are arranged in the denitrification infiltration tank wall 22; the rare earth mining area tail water which is lifted from a denitrification adjusting tank lift pump and passes through nitrification and denitrification carbon source is automatically opened and closed through a manual flow adjusting valve 27 for water inflow of a denitrification layer and an electric butterfly valve 28 for water inflow of a denitrification layer, is uniformly distributed on the surface of a denitrification percolation tank through a water inflow distribution system 29 for time-sharing, segmentation, timing and quantification, and further removes suspended matters in the water through geotextile four 25 laid on the surface; if necessary, the rare earth mine area tail water which is lifted from the denitrification adjusting tank lift pump and passes through the nitrification and the denitrification carbon source supplement passes through the manual flow adjustment of the denitrification two-layer water inlet manual butterfly valve 30 and the automatic opening and closing of the denitrification two-layer water inlet electric butterfly valve 31, and is uniformly distributed on the upper layer in the denitrification infiltration tank in a time-sharing, segmented, timed and quantitative manner through the denitrification two-layer water inlet distribution system 32; if necessary, rare earth mine area tail water which is subjected to nitrification and denitrification carbon source supplementation is lifted by a lifting pump of the denitrification adjusting tank, the flow is manually adjusted by a denitrification three-layer water inlet manual butterfly valve 33, and the denitrification three-layer water inlet electric butterfly valve 34 is automatically opened and closed, and the tail water is intermittently, regularly and quantitatively uniformly distributed in the middle layer in the denitrification infiltration tank by a denitrification three-layer water inlet and distribution system 35; the nitrate nitrogen is firstly intercepted and adsorbed by the denitrification composite biological filter material 26, and the nitrate nitrogen is converted into nitrogen through denitrification reaction by a large amount of denitrification bacteria attached to the denitrification composite biological filter material 26, so that the total nitrogen concentration is reduced; the rare earth mine area tail water permeating through the denitrification composite biological filter material 26 from top to bottom is discharged in a timed and quantitative manner through the intermittent opening and closing of a denitrification water outlet electric butterfly valve 37 by a denitrification water outlet water collecting system 36 arranged at the bottom of the denitrification infiltration tank.
The denitrification composite biological filter material is composed of fine sand, medium sand, coarse sand, volcanic rock, a slow-release carbon source, neutral crushed stone and cobblestones with different grades according to different proportions and layers, has the characteristics of large surface area attached by a biological membrane and large containable biomass, and can reduce the carbon source adding amount required for maintaining activated sludge zoogloea in an activated sludge process and reduce the treatment cost; the slow-release carbon source in different filter material layer ratios can provide carbon source for the denitrifying bacteria in different filter layers, so as to meet the requirement of denitrification reaction; according to different water quality of inlet water and water quality of outlet water, the filler load of the denitrification composite biological filter material is 30-80gNO3 --N/m3D.
The residence time of the nitrification regulating tank and the denitrification regulating tank is optimally 3 hours and not less than 1.5 hours.
The reflux unit comprises a storage tank and a reflux pump, and the optimal residence time is 2 hours and not less than 1 hour.
The invention also provides an inorganic ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment process, which comprises the following steps,
1. the non-point source pollution rare earth mine wastewater enters a regulation and storage tank to carry out water quantity regulation and sand setting, so that the sand content in the wastewater is reduced;
2. the effluent of the storage tank enters a pre-filtering unit, the pre-filtering unit intercepts Patrinia scabra, a pump pumps the wastewater to impact a water deflector to generate hydraulic jump impact lattice cages, and the Patrinia scabra is flushed to a collection chamber;
3. the pre-filtering unit enters a reaction tank, alkali is added into a quick mixing tank, the quick mixing tank is quickly mixed with the wastewater through a stirrer, the pH value of the wastewater is adjusted, the alkalinity required by nitrification is supplemented, and a large granular suspended substance is further formed in a flocculation tank through stirring to perform mud-water separation;
4. the effluent of the reaction tank enters a sedimentation tank, sludge and water are separated under the action of gravity, the sludge at the bottom and the sludge generated by the cloth filter enter a sludge treatment system for dehydration treatment, and the separated sludge contains a small amount of rare earth and can be further processed and recovered;
5. supernatant effluent of the sedimentation tank enters a cloth filter for further removing suspended matters in wastewater and then enters a nitrification regulating tank;
6. in the nitrification regulating tank, the wastewater is mixed with the wastewater which is treated by the system and flows back to reach the standard in the return tank, part of alkalinity is recycled, the ammonia nitrogen concentration of inlet water is reduced, and the wastewater is intermittently, regularly and quantitatively lifted to the nitrification percolation tank by using a lifting pump, so that the concentrations of pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen and the like in the wastewater are reduced;
7. the effluent of the nitrification percolation tank enters a denitrification regulating tank, a carbon source added by a carbon source adding system is mixed with the wastewater in the denitrification regulating tank, and the wastewater is intermittently, regularly and quantitatively lifted to the denitrification percolation tank by using a lifting pump so as to reduce the concentration of pollutants such as total nitrogen in the wastewater;
8. and (3) enabling the effluent of the denitrification percolation tank to enter a reflux tank, enabling the wastewater in the reflux tank to flow back to the nitrification regulating tank through a reflux pump according to a certain proportion, and enabling the rest of wastewater to reach the standard after passing through a Parshall metering tank and then be discharged.
The proportion of the wastewater in the reflux pool flowing back to the nitrification regulating pool is different according to the difference of the dry period and the rich period, according to the experience, the reflux proportion under the normal condition is 50-100%, the reflux is not generated in the rich period, and the reflux proportion in the dry period is 150-200%.
And in the case of a water-rich period, in the step 7, the effluent of the nitrification percolation tank enters a denitrification regulating tank, a carbon source added by a carbon source adding system is mixed with the wastewater in the denitrification regulating tank, the wastewater is intermittently, regularly and quantitatively lifted to the denitrification percolation tank by using a lifting pump, and meanwhile, a denitrification one-layer, two-layer and three-layer water inlet and distribution system is started to reduce the concentration of pollutants such as total nitrogen in the wastewater.
The technical scheme of the invention maintains the advantages of the prior art, such as: the nitrification percolation tank adopts fine sand, medium sand, coarse sand, volcanic rock, alkaline macadam, neutral macadam, zeolite and cobblestone which are in different grades and layers as nitrification composite biological filter materials, the surface area attached by a biological membrane is large, the containable biomass is large, the addition amount of a carbon source required for maintaining activated sludge zoogloea in an activated sludge method can be reduced, the treatment cost is reduced, and the alkaline macadam in different filter material layer ratios can provide alkalinity for nitrifying bacteria in different filter layers to meet the requirement of nitrification reaction; meanwhile, the cloth filter device is arranged in the process unit design, so that water inflow suspended matters of the nitrification percolation tank and the denitrification percolation tank are reduced, and the percolation tank is ensured not to be blocked; and the geotextile is laid on the surface of the infiltration tank, so that the water inflow suspended matters are further reduced, and the function of preventing weeds on the surface of the infiltration tank from growing is achieved. Both the two functions ensure the stable operation of the infiltration tank and reduce the labor intensity of maintenance.
Most importantly, the drainage basin regulating and storing unit, the pretreatment unit, the percolation biochemical treatment unit, the reflux unit and the auxiliary unit are published and mature prior art, but the invention abandons the arrangement of a lower grid channel in the prior art, intercepts the withered branches and the patrolled leaves in the wastewater through the arrangement of the prefiltration unit, and simultaneously prevents the blockage from happening and maintains the continuity of the process because the wastewater after the drainage basin regulating and storing unit and before the pretreatment unit collides a water baffle to form a hydraulic jump scouring grid cage.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An inorganic ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment system comprises a basin regulation and storage unit, a pretreatment unit, a percolation biochemical treatment unit, a reflux unit and an auxiliary unit; wherein,
the watershed regulating and storing unit comprises a regulating and storing pool and a sand blocking dam, and is used for respectively regulating the water quantity of the surface source polluted rare earth tail water and settling sand, reducing the sand content of the rare earth tail water and regulating the water quantity in the rich water period;
the pretreatment unit comprises a precipitation reaction tank, a sedimentation tank and a cloth filter, wherein the precipitation reaction tank is used for adjusting the pH value of the rare earth tail water and forming larger floccules;
the percolation biochemical treatment unit comprises a nitrification regulating tank, a nitrification percolation tank, a denitrification regulating tank and a denitrification percolation tank;
the reflux unit is used for refluxing the effluent of the denitrification infiltration tank to the nitrification regulating tank through a reflux pump, recovering the alkalinity of the system, reducing the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in the influent water and playing a role in retreatment under the condition of low water temperature;
the auxiliary unit comprises an alkali adding system, a carbon source adding system, a temperature and gas adjusting system, a sludge treatment system and an electric automatic control system;
the method is characterized in that:
the system also comprises a pre-filtering unit, wherein the pre-filtering unit is arranged in front of the watershed regulating and storing unit, or behind the watershed regulating and storing unit and in front of the preprocessing unit;
the pre-filtering unit is enclosed into a closed lattice cage by a filter screen and is provided with a water inlet end, two ends of the pre-filtering unit are provided with collecting chambers, a through flushing pipe is arranged on the lattice cage, and a water baffle is arranged below the flushing pipe after the flushing pipe is connected to the pre-processing unit; and the wastewater after being pumped by the pump is refluxed and impacts the water baffle to form a water wall overflowing the bottom of the lattice cage.
2. The inorganic ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment system of claim 1, which is characterized in that:
the pump is started continuously or intermittently, and a continuous or discontinuous hydraulic jump is generated on the water baffle.
3. The inorganic ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment system of claim 1, which is characterized in that:
the pump is configured to cause the height of the water wall created by the hydraulic jump to always run over the bottom of the crate and cause the water wall to reciprocate back and forth across the bottom of the crate.
4. The inorganic ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment system of claim 1, which is characterized in that:
the flushing pipe penetrates through the lattice cage, two ends of the flushing pipe are fixed on the lattice cage through flange plates, and the edge of the water retaining plate is connected to the lower flange plate through a pull rope; more criss-cross keels are arranged on the lattice cage.
5. The inorganic ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment system of claim 1, which is characterized in that:
the mounting plate flows between the beams, the two flange plates are respectively positioned on the mounting plate and below the lattice cage and connected through bolts, and the two ends of the scouring pipe are clamped and fixed by the flange plates; the edge of the water baffle is connected to the flange plate positioned below through a guy cable.
6. The inorganic ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment system of claim 5, characterized in that:
the water inlet end of the lattice cage is right opposite to the flushing pipe, a closed net table enclosed by the filter screen is arranged on the lattice cage, and one side of the net table is an arc surface close to the flushing pipe.
7. The inorganic ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment system of claim 6, characterized in that:
the bottom of the collecting chamber is an open surface, the side surface of the collecting chamber is also provided with an open surface with the same width as the bottom surface, and the collecting chamber is also provided with a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is provided with four L-shaped filter screens which synchronously rotate, and the rotating shaft is arranged on a ratchet wheel component;
the ratchet wheel enables the rotating shaft to rotate only in the direction from the open surface at the bottom of the collecting chamber to the open surface at the side surface, the rotating shaft has four action positions under the action of the ratchet wheel, and each rotation ensures that one L-shaped filter screen just closes the open surface of the collecting chamber.
8. An inorganic ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, allowing the non-point source polluted rare earth mine wastewater to enter a storage tank, and performing water quantity adjustment and sand setting to reduce the sand content in the wastewater;
s2, enabling the water discharged from the storage tank to enter a pre-filtering unit, intercepting patrinia scabiosaefolia by the pre-filtering unit, pumping the wastewater by a pump, impacting the wastewater on a water baffle to generate hydraulic jump impact lattice cage, and flushing the patrinia scabiefolia to a collecting chamber;
s3, enabling the pre-filtering unit to enter a reaction tank, adding alkali into a quick mixing tank, quickly mixing the alkali with the wastewater through a stirrer, adjusting the pH value of the wastewater and supplementing the alkalinity required by nitrification, further forming larger granular suspended matters in a flocculation tank through stirring, and performing sludge-water separation;
s4, enabling the effluent of the reaction tank to enter a sedimentation tank, carrying out mud-water separation under the action of gravity, and enabling sludge at the bottom and sludge generated by the cloth filter to enter a sludge treatment system for dehydration treatment;
s5, enabling supernatant effluent of the sedimentation tank to enter a cloth filter for further removing suspended matters in wastewater, and then entering a nitrification regulating tank;
s6, in the nitrification regulating tank, mixing the wastewater with the wastewater which is treated by the system and is refluxed by the reflux tank to reach the standard, recovering partial alkalinity and reducing the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the inlet water, and intermittently, regularly and quantitatively lifting the wastewater to the nitrification percolation tank by using a lifting pump to reduce the concentration of pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater;
s7, enabling effluent of the nitrification percolation pool to enter a denitrification regulating pool, mixing a carbon source added by a carbon source adding system with wastewater in the denitrification regulating pool, and intermittently, regularly and quantitatively lifting the wastewater to the denitrification percolation pool by using a lifting pump to reduce the concentration of pollutants such as total nitrogen in the wastewater;
s8, enabling the effluent of the denitrification percolation pool to enter a reflux pool, enabling the wastewater in the reflux pool to flow back to a nitrification regulating pool through a reflux pump in a certain proportion, and enabling the rest wastewater to pass through a Parshall metering tank and then be discharged after reaching the standard.
9. The inorganic ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment process according to claim 8, characterized in that:
the proportion of the wastewater in the reflux pool flowing back to the nitrification regulating pool is different according to the difference of the dry period and the rich period, according to the experience, the reflux proportion under the normal condition is 50-100%, the reflux is not generated in the rich period, and the reflux proportion in the dry period is 150-200%.
10. The inorganic ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment process according to claim 9, characterized in that:
in the case of a water-rich period, in step S7, the effluent of the nitrification percolation tank enters a denitrification regulating tank, a carbon source added by a carbon source adding system is mixed with wastewater in the denitrification regulating tank, the wastewater is lifted to the denitrification percolation tank intermittently, regularly and quantitatively by using a lifting pump, and meanwhile, a denitrification one-layer, two-layer and three-layer water inlet and distribution system is started to reduce the concentration of pollutants such as total nitrogen in the wastewater.
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