CN114082967A - Preparation method of aluminum-titanium-based multi-component alloy powder and obtained alloy powder - Google Patents
Preparation method of aluminum-titanium-based multi-component alloy powder and obtained alloy powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN114082967A CN114082967A CN202110779014.8A CN202110779014A CN114082967A CN 114082967 A CN114082967 A CN 114082967A CN 202110779014 A CN202110779014 A CN 202110779014A CN 114082967 A CN114082967 A CN 114082967A
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- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
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- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 12
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- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 6
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 229910000542 Sc alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- -1 aluminum-titanium-zinc-iron-scandium Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003181 co-melting Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical class [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/10—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying using centrifugal force
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of aluminum-titanium-based multicomponent alloy powder and the obtained alloy powder, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step 1, smelting raw materials comprising aluminum metal and titanium metal in magnetic suspension vacuum smelting to obtain mixed smelting liquid, wherein the weight ratio of metal titanium to metal aluminum is (10-55) to (45-90); and 2, sequentially carrying out centrifugal atomization and post-treatment on the mixed smelting liquid under the back blowing of inert gas to obtain the aluminum-titanium-based multi-component alloy powder. The invention adopts a high-speed butterfly centrifugal atomization method to produce powder, ensures the fog drops to be compact by controlling the diameter and the rotating speed of a butterfly turntable and the centrifugal linear velocity of the rotating disk, and controls the size distribution of the fog drops by controlling the rotating speed and the liquid temperature. No hollow spheres appear; the outer surface of the ball is ensured to be smooth. Argon gas back blowing is adopted to prevent the collision wall from forming an incomplete sphere.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of alloy powder, particularly relates to aluminum-titanium alloy powder, and particularly relates to a preparation method of aluminum-titanium-based multicomponent alloy powder and the obtained alloy powder.
Background
High-energy propellants, pyrotechnic materials and the like require aluminum alloy spherical powder with high heat value density, high heat enthalpy density and high activity, and metal elements forming alloy with aluminum are required to have high density and high heat value.
Aluminum has a high energy density and a fast oxidation rate, and is widely used as a combustible agent in an energetic material system. During the reaction process of the energetic material system, the aluminum particles and water, carbon dioxide, oxygen and the like in the combustion products of the energetic material are subjected to gas-gas phase reaction. Since the vaporization of aluminum particles is surface vaporization, the combustion rate of aluminum powder is mainly dependent on the size of aluminum particles. To increase the burn rate, the size of the aluminum particles must be reduced. The nano-sized aluminum particles have low activity, are easy to spontaneously agglomerate into large particles, have poor manufacturability in compounding with the energetic material, and are difficult to realize the effect of improving the energy release rate of the energetic material.
The alloying preparation of the aluminum and other metals or nonmetals effectively expands the application of the aluminum in the field of energetic materials, and enables the aluminum to have special properties in the aspects of energy release and ignition characteristics. The atomization method is a method for directly crushing and rapidly condensing molten metal liquid into powder under the action of external force, and is the mainstream method for preparing titanium and alloy powder thereof at present. The melting point of aluminum is 660 ℃, the melting point of titanium is 1246 ℃, and if the aluminum and the titanium are made into an alloy, the technical difficulty of mixing high-melting-point and poor-melting-point multi-element metals is encountered.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention provides spherical atomized AlTi-based multi-element alloy powder and a preparation method thereof, wherein the high-density characteristic of titanium is used, so that the density of aluminum is improved, and the required high heat value can be achieved by lower titanium content.
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a preparation method of aluminum-titanium-based multicomponent alloy powder, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, smelting raw materials comprising aluminum metal and titanium metal in magnetic suspension vacuum smelting to obtain mixed smelting liquid, wherein the weight ratio of metal titanium to metal aluminum is (10-55) to (45-90);
and 2, sequentially carrying out centrifugal atomization and post-treatment on the mixed smelting liquid under the back blowing of inert gas to obtain the aluminum-titanium-based multi-component alloy powder.
The powder prepared by the method has the following characteristics: the air flow mixing is more uniform, and the purity of the powder is high; the centrifugal atomization increases the spraying speed of the liquid, the shape sphericity of the liquid drops is high, the size of the liquid drops can be controlled to be high, and the liquid drops are back blown and rapidly quenched to form the prealloy. Not only keeps the macroscopic uniformity of each element in the sphere, but also keeps the independent characteristic.
In a preferred embodiment, step 1' is performed before step 1:
step 1': and (4) removing impurities on the surface of the metal raw material.
Wherein the impurity removal is carried out as follows: firstly, sanding the metal raw material by using sand paper to expose metal with metallic luster. Secondly, placing the metal raw material in a sodium hydroxide solution: the temperature is 50-60 ℃, the concentration of sodium hydroxide is 5%, and the time is 0.5-1 minute; meanwhile, ultrasonic oscillation is adopted, the power of the ultrasonic oscillation is 10-60 KW, and the frequency is 160 KHZ. Thirdly, washing the metal raw material with water and drying in inert atmosphere.
The melting point of the aluminum is 660 ℃, the boiling point is 2327 ℃, and the density is 2.7g/cm3While the heat of combustion of aluminum was 822.9 kJ/mol. The melting point of the metal titanium is 1668 ℃, the boiling point of the metal titanium is 3287 ℃, and the density of the metal titanium is 4.51g/cm3. Therefore, titanium is suitable for forming an alloy with aluminum, and the ignition characteristics of titanium are used to improve the combustion heat of aluminum.
The preparation method of the metal aluminum titanium alloy powder adopts magnetic suspension vacuum melting-argon suspension stirring, is produced by an anaerobic closed loop and high-speed butterfly centrifugal atomization method in an inert gas environment, and controls crystallization through non-equilibrium condensation. The invention is carried out under the protection of high-purity inert gas in the whole process of metal heating melting, spraying and condensation molding, thereby avoiding oxidation under high temperature condition and improving the content of active metal in the aluminum-titanium alloy powder.
In a preferred embodiment, in step 1, the raw material optionally further comprises at least one other element selected from the group consisting of zinc, iron, copper, magnesium and rare earth metals.
In a further preferred embodiment, the rare earth metal is selected from at least one of samarium, lanthanum, cerium and scandium.
In a further preferred embodiment, the further element is used in an amount of 4% or less, preferably 2% or less, based on 100% by weight of the starting material.
In a preferred embodiment, the weight amounts of the components in the feed are as follows:
the heat value of the alloy powder is more than 82kJ/cm within the range of 10-55 percent of titanium content3The density is 3.0g/cm3And 3.46g/cm3In between, much higher than aluminum, especially addMore than 52 percent of titanium can reach 3.4g/cm3The above.
In the prior art, two or more metals with larger melting point difference are considered by those skilled in the art to be incapable of melting together, especially components which can mutually react, such as aluminum and titanium, and therefore, the aluminum and the titanium are respectively melted and mixed for atomization in the prior art. However, the inventor finds out through a large number of experiments that the aluminum and the titanium with high melting point difference can be melted together without interaction reaction by adopting the magnetic suspension vacuum melting technology, and the technical bias is overcome.
In a preferred embodiment, in step 1, the inert gas is selected from argon.
In a further preferred embodiment, in the step 1, the temperature of the smelting is 1300-1800 ℃, preferably 1500-1700 ℃, and the liquid phase viscosity is controlled.
The inventor finds that the coexistence time of the liquid aluminum and the liquid titanium is shortened by the magnetic suspension vacuum melting technology, so that the quantity of the liquid aluminum and the liquid titanium participating in the interaction reaction is reduced, and the co-melting of two or more substances with larger melting point difference can be realized.
In a preferred embodiment, in step 2, during centrifugal atomization, inert gas is blown into the centrifugal atomization system in the direction opposite to the centrifugal direction. The inventor finds that the effect of back blowing in the centrifugal direction by using inert gas is obviously caused by blowing the inert gas in the same direction as the centrifugal direction through a great deal of experimental research.
Wherein the centrifugal direction is a shearing direction during centrifugation, and the reverse blowing is: when the centrifugal shear is carried out clockwise, inert gas is blown into the tank wall along the anticlockwise direction; when the centrifugal shear is performed in the anticlockwise direction, inert gas is blown in from the tank wall in the clockwise direction. In the centrifugal atomization process, inert gas is used for carrying out back flushing on the high-speed fog drops to form vortex, and alloy powder is guaranteed to be in heterogeneous alloy. Meanwhile, the atomized liquid drops can be protected from being polluted by inert gas back blowing.
In a further preferred embodiment, the temperature of the inert gas in step 2 is 0 to 50 ℃, preferably 0 to 30 ℃, and more preferably, the inert gas is selected from argon.
Wherein, the rapid nonequilibrium condensation crystallization is realized by controlling the temperature of argon, and the alloy of aluminum and titanium is controlled to have amorphous alloy metal property. If ultra-low temperature nitrogen (such as liquid nitrogen cooling nitrogen gas and-80 ℃) is adopted, the performance of the powder is influenced due to too large temperature difference, and the inventor finds that the temperature difference between the high temperature and 0-50 ℃ is high enough to realize cooling when the powder is smelted, and meanwhile, the performance of the powder is not influenced.
In a preferred embodiment, in step 2, the centrifugal linear velocity is controlled to be 30m/s to 90m/s (e.g., 30m/s, 40m/s, 50m/s, 60m/s, 70m/s, 80m/s, or 90m/s) to ensure droplet densification, and the droplet size distribution is controlled by controlling the rotation speed and the liquid temperature.
In the invention, the powder is produced by adopting a high-speed butterfly centrifugal atomization method, the diameter and the rotating speed of a butterfly rotating disc are controlled, the centrifugal linear speed of the rotating disc is 30-90 m/s, the fog drops are ensured to be compact, and the size distribution of the fog drops is controlled by controlling the rotating speed and the liquid temperature. No hollow spheres appear; the outer surface of the ball is ensured to be smooth. Argon gas back blowing is adopted to prevent the collision wall from forming an incomplete sphere.
In a preferred embodiment, in step 2, the post-treatment comprises cooling, buffering and collecting.
In a further preferred embodiment, the post-treatment is carried out in a cooler, a buffer tank and a bag collector.
In a further preferred embodiment, after collecting the multicomponent high-density calorific value aluminum-titanium alloy powder, screening and grading are optionally carried out to obtain a product with a required particle size.
In step 1 and step 2, the inert gas is selected from argon.
The preparation method is carried out by adopting the device shown in FIG. 1, wherein the device comprises a magnetic suspension smelting furnace, an atomizing tank, a cooler, a buffer tank, a cloth bag powder collector and a water cooler which are connected in sequence.
Wherein, the raw material melted by the magnetic suspension smelting furnace is directly input into an atomization tank for atomization treatment, the atomized powder enters a cooler for further cooling, then enters a buffer tank for buffering, and enters a cloth bag powder collector for collecting the powder after buffering; the water cooler arranged at the tail end can adjust the internal and external atmospheric pressures of the cloth bag powder collecting device, and meanwhile, the cold water can block external oxygen outside the water cooler, so that the water seal effect can be achieved on the cloth bag powder collecting device, and the oxidation of the alloy powder inside the cloth bag powder collecting device is prevented. In particular, through a great deal of experiments, the inventor finds that adding the buffer tank before the cloth bag powder collector can obviously provide the collection amount of the powder, because if the buffer tank is not added, the powder flowing out of the cooler is high in flow rate (which can be understood as high in forward momentum), and the powder collection amount of the cloth bag powder collector is influenced through the cloth bag powder collector quickly. After the buffer tank is added, the buffer speed reduction of the flowing powder can be realized, so that the flowing powder slowly enters the cloth bag powder collecting device, and the powder collecting effect is further obviously improved.
In a preferred embodiment, the various parts of the apparatus of the invention are evacuated and filled with an inert gas.
In a preferred embodiment, a butterfly centrifugal atomizing disk, a blanking pipe, a powder storage bin and a powder collection tank are sequentially arranged in the atomizer from top to bottom.
Wherein, there is a little part powder directly to fall into the receipts powder jar of atomizing jar in centrifugal atomization process, but this part is the particle size generally great or particle size distributes unevenly, because the powder of little particle size can directly get into the cooler, gets into the sack at last and receives the powder ware and collect. However, the powder collected by the atomizer can be used as the next raw material to enter the magnetic suspension smelting furnace again.
In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of inert gas blowing ports are provided in a wall of the atomization tank.
In a further preferred embodiment, a plurality of inert gas blowing openings are circumferentially (uniformly) provided in the middle of the wall of the atomizing pot (preferably on the wall of the disc-type centrifugal atomizing disc on the same level).
In a preferred embodiment, the cooler is filled with argon, and the temperature of the argon is 0-50 ℃, preferably 0-30 ℃.
In a preferred embodiment, an inert gas addition valve and a vacuum valve are provided between the atomization tank and the cooler.
In a further preferred embodiment, the inert gas added through the inert gas addition valve is an inert gas at 0 to 50 ℃, preferably an inert gas at 0 to 30 ℃.
In a preferred embodiment, an inert gas, preferably argon, is blown into the bag collector.
The inventor finds that inert gas is blown into the bag collector to enable powder falling to be more uniform through experiments.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide the aluminum-titanium-based multi-component alloy powder obtained by the preparation method of the first purpose of the invention, and the theoretical density of the aluminum-titanium-based multi-component alloy powder is 3.0g/cm3～3.46g/cm3The heat value is more than or equal to 82kJ/cm3。
In a preferred embodiment, the powder contains titanium and aluminum, the content of titanium is 10 wt% to 55 wt%, and the content of aluminum is 45 wt% to 90 wt%.
In a further preferred embodiment, the powder contains titanium and aluminum, the content of titanium is 15 wt% to 45 wt%, and the content of aluminum is 55 wt% to 85 wt%.
In a preferred embodiment, the powder optionally further contains at least one of zinc, iron or copper, magnesium, and rare earth.
The zinc element can improve the density value of the multi-element alloy; the magnesium element has high oxidation activity, so that the combustion activity of the alloy powder can be increased; the iron or copper elements may produce iron oxides or copper oxides in the combustion products of the alloy powder, which oxides may catalyze the combustion of aluminum-containing explosives, aluminum-containing propellants.
In a further preferred embodiment, the rare earth element is selected from at least one of samarium, lanthanum, cerium and scandium.
Wherein, the rare earth elements can promote the elements to be combined more tightly and play a role in viscosity.
In a further preferred embodiment, the total content of zinc, iron or copper, magnesium, rare earth is less than or equal to 4%, preferably less than or equal to 2%.
In a preferred embodiment, in the aluminum-titanium alloy powder, the content of zinc is less than or equal to 2.5 wt%, the content of iron or copper is less than or equal to 0.35 wt%, the content of magnesium is less than or equal to 1.5 wt%, and the total content of rare earth elements is less than or equal to 0.35 wt%.
In a further preferred embodiment, in the aluminum-titanium alloy powder, the content of zinc element is less than or equal to 2 wt%, the content of iron element or copper element is less than or equal to 0.3 wt%, the content of magnesium is less than or equal to 1.2 wt%, and the total content of rare earth elements is less than or equal to 0.32 wt%.
Wherein, zinc with the content of not more than 2.5 percent is added to improve the density value of the multi-element alloy; adding not more than 0.35% of iron or copper, and catalyzing the combustion of aluminum-containing explosive aluminum-containing propellant by using iron oxide in combustion products of the alloy powder; in order to improve the activity of the aluminum-titanium double element, not more than 1.5 percent of magnesium is added for catalytic activation; the rare earth elements with the content of not more than 0.35 percent are added, so that the grain refinement of the multi-component alloy is promoted, and the component uniformity is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) by the magnetic suspension vacuum melting technology, the coexistence time of the liquid aluminum and the liquid titanium is reduced, so that the amount of the liquid aluminum and the liquid titanium participating in the interaction reaction is reduced, and the co-melting of two or more substances with larger melting point difference can be realized;
(2) the powder is produced by adopting a high-speed butterfly centrifugal atomization method, the diameter and the rotating speed of a butterfly turntable are controlled, the centrifugal linear speed of the rotating disk is 30-90 m/s, the compactness of fog drops is ensured, and the size distribution of the fog drops is controlled by controlling the rotating speed and the liquid temperature. No hollow spheres appear; the outer surface of the ball is ensured to be smooth. Argon gas back blowing is adopted to prevent the collision wall from forming an incomplete sphere.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of an apparatus used in the production method of the present invention;
1-a magnetic suspension melting furnace and 11-a feeder; 2-an atomizer, 21-a butterfly centrifugal atomizing disk, 22-a blanking pipe, 23-a powder storage bin, 24-a powder collection tank and 25-an inert gas blowing inlet; 3-a cooler; 4-a buffer tank; 5-bag powder collector; 6-a water cooler; a-adding argon; b, vacuumizing.
FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an in-situ butterfly centrifugal atomization in the atomizer;
a-centrifugal direction, B inert gas blowing direction.
Detailed Description
While the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples, it should be understood that the following examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The raw materials used in the examples and comparative examples are disclosed in the prior art if not particularly limited, and may be, for example, directly purchased or prepared according to the preparation methods disclosed in the prior art.
[ example 1 ]
The spherical aluminum-titanium alloy powder is prepared by adopting the device shown in FIG. 1 according to the following steps:
(1) placing an aluminum raw material and a titanium raw material with the size of 2:1 in a vacuum smelting furnace, and purging by adopting high-temperature inert gas to remove gas containing oxidizing atmosphere adsorbed on the surfaces;
(2) smelting an aluminum raw material and a titanium raw material at 1600 ℃ by using a magnetic suspension smelting furnace, and performing suspension stirring in the magnetic suspension smelting furnace by using argon;
(3) producing the aluminum-titanium alloy powder by adopting a high-speed butterfly centrifugal atomization method in an anaerobic closed loop in an atomization tank under an inert gas environment, wherein the centrifugal linear velocity is controlled to be 60m/s, normal-temperature argon is blown in along the reverse direction of the centrifugal direction, and non-equilibrium condensation crystallization control is carried out to form low-oxidation solid spherical aluminum-titanium alloy powder;
(4) most of the powder enters a cooler, a buffer tank and a cloth bag powder collector in sequence after centrifugal atomization.
(5) And grading the alloy powder by using a vibrating screen, and then sealing and packaging.
Wherein, the sieved powder is sieved by a 325-mesh sieve, the particle size of the sieved aluminum-titanium alloy powder is several microns to several hundred microns, the roundness value is 0.94, and the density is 3.1g/cm3The heat value is more than or equal to 82kJ/cm3. The alloy powder comprises 63.3 percent of Al and 36.7 percent of Ti.
[ example 2 ]
Preparing spherical aluminum-titanium alloy powder according to the following steps:
(1) placing an aluminum raw material and a titanium raw material with the size of 1:1 in a vacuum smelting furnace, and purging by adopting high-temperature inert gas to remove gas containing oxidizing atmosphere adsorbed on the surfaces;
(2) smelting an aluminum raw material and a titanium raw material at 1600 ℃ by using a magnetic suspension smelting furnace 1, and carrying out suspension stirring in the magnetic suspension smelting furnace by using argon;
(3) producing the aluminum-titanium alloy powder by adopting a high-speed butterfly centrifugal atomization method in an anaerobic closed loop in an atomization tank under an inert gas environment, wherein the centrifugal linear velocity is controlled to be 60m/s, normal-temperature argon is blown in along the reverse direction of the centrifugal direction, and non-equilibrium condensation crystallization control is carried out to form low-oxidation solid spherical aluminum-titanium alloy powder;
(4) most of the powder enters a cooler, a buffer tank and a cloth bag powder collector in sequence after centrifugal atomization.
(5) And grading the alloy powder by using a vibrating screen, and then sealing and packaging.
Wherein, the sieved powder is sieved by a 325-mesh sieve, the particle size of the sieved aluminum-titanium alloy powder is several microns to several hundred microns, the roundness value is 0.95, and the density is 3.4g/cm3The heat value is more than or equal to 82kJ/cm3. The alloy powder comprises 46.5 percent of Al and 53.5 percent of Ti.
[ example 3 ]
The aluminum-titanium-zinc-iron-scandium alloy powder was prepared using the apparatus shown in fig. 1 by the following steps:
(1) placing an aluminum raw material, a titanium raw material, a zinc raw material, an iron raw material and a scandium raw material with the size of 2:1:0.045:0.03:0.0015 into a vacuum smelting furnace, and adopting high-temperature inert gas to sweep so as to remove gas containing oxidizing atmosphere adsorbed on the surface;
(2) smelting an aluminum raw material and a titanium raw material at 1600 ℃ by using a magnetic suspension smelting furnace, and performing suspension stirring in the magnetic suspension smelting furnace by using argon;
(3) producing the aluminum-titanium alloy powder by adopting a high-speed butterfly centrifugal atomization method in an anaerobic closed loop in an atomization tank under an inert gas environment, wherein the centrifugal linear velocity is controlled to be 60m/s, normal-temperature argon is blown in along the reverse direction of the centrifugal direction, and non-equilibrium condensation crystallization control is carried out to form low-oxidation solid spherical aluminum-titanium alloy powder;
(4) most of the powder is subjected to centrifugal atomization and then sequentially subjected to a cooler, a buffer tank and a cloth bag powder collector.
(5) And grading the alloy powder by using a vibrating screen, and then sealing and packaging.
Wherein, the sieved powder is sieved by a 325-mesh sieve to obtain the aluminum-titanium-based multi-component alloy powder with high roundness value and high density, and the theoretical density of the aluminum-titanium-based multi-component alloy powder is 3.0g/cm3～3.46g/cm3The heat value is more than or equal to 82kJ/cm3。
[ example 4 ]
The aluminum-titanium-magnesium-copper-samarium-scandium alloy powder was prepared by using the apparatus shown in fig. 1 according to the following procedure:
(1) placing an aluminum raw material, a titanium raw material, a magnesium raw material, a copper raw material, a samarium raw material and a scandium raw material with the sizes of 2:1:0.04:0.03:0.001:0.001 in a vacuum smelting furnace, and adopting high-temperature inert gas to sweep so as to remove gas containing oxidizing atmosphere adsorbed on the surface;
(2) smelting an aluminum raw material and a titanium raw material at 1600 ℃ by using a magnetic suspension smelting furnace, and performing suspension stirring in the magnetic suspension smelting furnace by using argon;
(3) producing the aluminum-titanium alloy powder by adopting a high-speed butterfly centrifugal atomization method in an anaerobic closed loop in an atomization tank under an inert gas environment, wherein the centrifugal linear velocity is controlled to be 60m/s, normal-temperature argon is blown in along the reverse direction of the centrifugal direction, and non-equilibrium condensation crystallization control is carried out to form low-oxidation solid spherical aluminum-titanium alloy powder;
(4) most of the powder is subjected to centrifugal atomization and then sequentially subjected to a cooler, a buffer tank and a cloth bag powder collector.
(5) And grading the alloy powder by using a vibrating screen, and then sealing and packaging.
Wherein, the sieved powder is sieved by a 325-mesh sieve to obtain the aluminum-titanium-based multi-component alloy powder with high roundness value and high density, and the theoretical density of the aluminum-titanium-based multi-component alloy powder is 3.0g/cm3～3.46g/cm3The heat value is more than or equal to 82kJ/cm3。
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of aluminum-titanium-based multicomponent alloy powder comprises the following steps:
step 1, smelting raw materials comprising aluminum metal and titanium metal in magnetic suspension vacuum smelting to obtain mixed smelting liquid, wherein the weight ratio of metal titanium to metal aluminum is (10-55) to (45-90);
and 2, sequentially carrying out centrifugal atomization and post-treatment on the mixed smelting liquid under the back blowing of inert gas to obtain the aluminum-titanium-based multi-component alloy powder.
2. The production method according to claim 1,
step 1' is performed before step 1: removing impurities on the surface of the raw material; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
in step 1, the raw material optionally further comprises at least one other element selected from the group consisting of metallic zinc, iron or copper, magnesium, rare earth metals, preferably the rare earth metals are selected from at least one of samarium, lanthanum, cerium and scandium, more preferably the other element is used in an amount of 4% or less based on 100 wt% of the raw material.
3. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein the raw materials comprise the following components in amounts by weight:
4. the production method according to claim 1,
in the step 1, the smelting temperature is 1300-1800 ℃, and 1500-1700 ℃ is preferable; and/or
Step 1 is carried out under an inert gas, preferably selected from argon.
5. The production method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, an inert gas is blown into the centrifugally atomized system in a direction opposite to the centrifugal direction during centrifugal atomization, preferably, the inert gas is blown in a direction opposite to the centrifugal direction, and more preferably, the temperature of the inert gas is 0 to 50 ℃.
6. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
in the step 2, the centrifugal linear speed is controlled to be 30-90 m/s; and/or
In step 2, the post-treatment comprises cooling, buffering and collecting, and preferably, the post-treatment is carried out in a cooler, a buffer tank and a bag collector.
7. An aluminum-titanium-based multicomponent alloy powder, preferably obtained by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 6, the theoretical density of the aluminum-titanium-based multicomponent alloy powder being 3.0g/cm3～3.4g/cm3The heat value is more than or equal to 82kJ/cm3。
8. The aluminum-titanium-based multicomponent alloy powder according to claim 7, wherein the powder contains a titanium element and an aluminum element,
the content of the titanium element is 10 to 55 weight percent, and preferably 15 to 45 weight percent; and/or
The content of the aluminum element is 45 wt% to 90 wt%, preferably 55 wt% to 85 wt%.
9. The AlTi-based multi-component alloy powder of claim 7, wherein the AlTi-based multi-component alloy powder optionally further comprises at least one of Zn, Fe or Cu, Mg, and RE; preferably, the rare earth metal is selected from at least one of samarium, lanthanum, cerium, and scandium; more preferably, the total content of zinc, iron or copper, magnesium and rare earth elements is less than or equal to 4 percent.
10. The aluminum-titanium-based multicomponent alloy powder according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the aluminum-titanium alloy powder contains not more than 2.5 wt% of zinc, not more than 0.35 wt% of iron or copper, not more than 1.5 wt% of magnesium, and not more than 0.35 wt% of rare earth elements in total.
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