CN114080087B - Plasma generating system and drilling method - Google Patents
Plasma generating system and drilling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114080087B CN114080087B CN202010837593.2A CN202010837593A CN114080087B CN 114080087 B CN114080087 B CN 114080087B CN 202010837593 A CN202010837593 A CN 202010837593A CN 114080087 B CN114080087 B CN 114080087B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 129
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
- H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
- H05H1/42—Plasma torches using an arc with provisions for introducing materials into the plasma, e.g. powder, liquid
Abstract
The invention provides a plasma generation system and a drilling method. The plasma generation system includes: a plasma generator and a rock discharging mechanism; wherein the plasma generator is used for breaking rock; the rock discharging mechanism is arranged on the plasma generator and is used for discharging rock scraps generated after rock breaking. According to the invention, the plasma arc is generated through the plasma generator, and the plasma arc acts on the rock at the bottom of the well to break the rock, so that the well drilling is realized, the mechanical well drilling in the prior art is not needed, and the drill bit is not needed to be replaced, so that the well drilling efficiency is greatly improved, the well drilling period is shortened, and the rock debris after breaking the rock is removed by the rock discharging mechanism, so that the rock debris is effectively prevented from blocking the bottom of the well, the well drilling is ensured to be smoothly carried out, and the well drilling efficiency is further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling, in particular to a plasma generation system and a method for drilling by using the same.
Background
In the drilling industry, mechanical drilling is commonly employed. However, the abrasion of the drill bit in mechanical drilling is faster, frequent drill lifting and bit replacement are required, and the whole drill lifting process is long, so that the drilling efficiency is low, and the labor is also consumed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides a plasma generation system, which aims to solve the problem that mechanical drilling is easy to cause low drilling efficiency in the prior art. The invention also provides a method for drilling well by using the plasma generation system.
In one aspect, the present invention provides a plasma generation system comprising: a plasma generator and a rock discharging mechanism; wherein the plasma generator is used for breaking rock; the rock discharging mechanism is arranged on the plasma generator and is used for discharging rock scraps generated after rock breaking.
Further, in the above-described plasma generating system, the plasma generator includes: a cathode mechanism and an anode mechanism; wherein, the positive pole mechanism includes: a housing and an anode; the first part of the shell is sleeved outside the cathode mechanism, the second part of the shell is sleeved outside the anode, and the anode and the cathode mechanism are arranged oppositely; the rock discharging mechanism comprises: at least one exhaust gas conveying channel for conveying exhaust gas; each rock exhaust conveying channel penetrates through the shell along the length direction of the shell, so that the rock exhaust is conveyed to the bottom of the well, and rock scraps are driven to move outwards.
Further, in the above-mentioned plasma generating system, the first end of the anode is disposed opposite to the cathode mechanism, and the anode is flared near the second end to be flared.
Further, in the plasma generating system, the second end of the anode is connected with the shell; the anode is provided with a gas cavity near the second end, the wall surface of the second end of the anode, which faces the cathode mechanism, is provided with at least one input port communicated with the gas cavity, and each input port corresponds to and is communicated with each rock exhaust gas conveying channel one by one so as to convey the rock exhaust gas into the gas cavity; the wall surface of the second end of the anode, which faces the bottom of the well, is provided with a plurality of exhaust holes communicated with the gas cavity so as to convey the exhaust gas to the bottom of the well.
Further, in the above plasma generating system, the anode mechanism further includes: an anode cooling mechanism; the anode cooling mechanism is arranged on the shell and used for cooling the anode.
Further, in the above-described plasma generating system, the anode cooling mechanism includes: the input channel and the output channel are both arranged on the shell; wherein, a gap is arranged between the anode and the inner wall of the shell to form a cooling cavity; the input channel and the output channel extend from the first part to the second part of the shell and are communicated with the cooling cavity, the input channel is used for conveying anode cooling water into the cooling cavity, and the output channel is used for outputting the anode cooling water.
Further, in the above-described plasma generating system, the cathode mechanism includes: a cathode, a cathode cooling mechanism, and an insulator; wherein, the cathode is arranged at the end part of the cathode cooling mechanism and corresponds to the anode; the insulator is disposed outside the cathode cooling mechanism.
Further, in the above-described plasma generating system, the cathode cooling mechanism includes: an inner pipe with both ends being open ends and an outer pipe with both ends being closed ends; the outer wall of the first end of the outer tube is connected with the cathode, and the second end of the outer tube is a free end; the inner pipe penetrates through the end wall of the second end of the outer pipe and is partially arranged in the outer pipe, a preset distance is reserved between the end part of the inner pipe, which is arranged in the outer pipe, and the first end of the outer pipe, and a gap between the inner pipe and the outer pipe forms an annular space; the inner pipe is used for inputting cathode cooling water, and the output port is used for outputting cathode cooling water.
Further, in the above plasma generating system, the plasma generator further includes: a working medium gas input mechanism; the anode is provided with a discharge channel penetrating through the anode along the length direction of the anode, and the discharge channel corresponds to the cathode mechanism; the working medium gas conveying mechanism is clamped between the cathode mechanism and the first part of the shell and is used for conveying working medium gas into the discharge channel so that the cathode mechanism and the anode mechanism generate an electric arc after being electrified; the discharge channel is used to deliver the arc to the bottom of the well to break down the rock at the bottom of the well.
According to the invention, the plasma arc is generated through the plasma generator, and acts on rock at the bottom of the well to break the rock, so that the well drilling is realized, mechanical well drilling in the prior art is not needed, and the well drilling efficiency is greatly improved, the well drilling period is shortened, the problem that the mechanical well drilling is easy to cause low well drilling efficiency in the prior art is solved, and the rock debris after breaking the rock is removed by the rock removing mechanism, so that the bottom of the well is effectively prevented from being blocked by the rock debris, the well drilling is ensured to be smoothly carried out, and the well drilling efficiency is further improved.
In another aspect, the present invention also provides a method of drilling a well using a plasma generating system, the method comprising the steps of: placing, namely placing the plasma generating system at the bottom of a well; a drilling step, namely conveying working medium gas to a discharge channel, and electrifying an anode mechanism and a cathode mechanism to generate plasma arc which acts on rock at the bottom of a well; a rock discharging step of outputting rock scraps generated by rock breaking
Further, in the drilling method, in the rock discharging step, rock discharging gas is conveyed to the bottom of the well, and the rock discharging gas blows rock debris and drives the rock debris to move out of the well.
In the invention, the cathode mechanism and the anode mechanism generate plasma arc after being electrified and under the action of working medium gas, the plasma arc acts on the rock at the bottom of the well to break the rock, thus realizing well drilling, greatly improving the well drilling efficiency, removing the rock scraps after breaking the rock, effectively avoiding the rock scraps from blocking the bottom of the well, ensuring well drilling to be carried out smoothly, and further improving the well drilling efficiency.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the figures. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a plasma generating system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a rock discharge mechanism in the plasma generating system according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the circulation of anode cooling water and cathode cooling water in the plasma generating system according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of a drilling method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
Plasma generation system embodiment:
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a plasma generating system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the plasma generation system is placed downhole for drilling. The plasma generation system includes: a plasma generator and a rock discharging mechanism. The plasma generator is used for breaking rocks, specifically, the plasma generator generates plasma arcs, the plasma arcs act on the surface of the rocks at the bottom of the well, and the rocks at the bottom of the well are broken through high-temperature ablation, so that drilling is realized.
As the electric arc continuously acts on the rock at the bottom of the well, too much rock scraps generated by the rock can plug the bottom of the well, thereby affecting the well drilling. In order to avoid the blocking of rock scraps, a rock discharging mechanism is arranged and is arranged on the plasma generator, and the rock scraps generated after the rock is broken are discharged by the rock discharging mechanism.
Preferably, the rock discharging mechanism is used for conveying the rock discharging gas to the bottom of the well, and the rock scraps are blown through the rock discharging gas and driven to move outwards of the well through the rock discharging gas, so that the rock scraps can be discharged efficiently, and the situation that the rock scraps block the bottom of the well to further influence drilling is avoided.
It can be seen that in this embodiment, the plasma arc is generated by the plasma generator, and the plasma arc acts on the rock at the bottom of the well to break the rock, so that drilling is achieved, mechanical drilling in the prior art is not required, and drilling lifting and bit changing are not required, so that drilling efficiency is greatly improved, drilling period is shortened, the problem that mechanical drilling is easy to cause low drilling efficiency in the prior art is solved, and the rock debris after breaking the rock is removed by the rock removing mechanism, so that the bottom of the well is effectively prevented from being blocked by the rock debris, smooth drilling is ensured, and further drilling efficiency is improved.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in the above embodiment, the plasma generator includes: a cathode mechanism 1, an anode mechanism 2 and a working medium gas input mechanism 3. Wherein the cathode mechanism 1 and the anode mechanism 2 are oppositely arranged and connected. The anode mechanism 2 is provided with a discharge channel 4, the discharge channel 4 penetrates through the anode mechanism 2, one end (the left end shown in fig. 1) of the discharge channel 4 corresponds to the cathode mechanism 1, and the other end (the right end shown in fig. 1) of the discharge channel 4 faces to the bottom of the well.
The working medium gas input mechanism 3 is used for conveying the working medium gas into the discharge channel 4, so that the cathode mechanism 1 and the anode mechanism 2 are electrified and generate plasma arc in the discharge channel 4 under the action of the working medium gas. The discharge channel 4 is used to transport the arc to the bottom of the well to break down the rock at the bottom of the well.
The anode mechanism 2 may include: a housing 21 and an anode 22. Wherein a first portion (a portion located on the left in fig. 1) of the housing 21 is sleeved outside the cathode mechanism 1, and a second portion (a portion located on the right in fig. 1) of the housing 21 is sleeved outside the anode 22. Specifically, both ends of the housing 21 are open ends, and the housing 21 may be integrally formed, or may include: the first split body and the second split body are detachably connected, the first split body corresponds to the first portion of the housing 21, and the cathode mechanism 1 is disposed inside the first split body. The second division corresponds to a second portion of the case 21, and the anode 22 is disposed inside the second division. The structure of the housing 21 may be determined according to the actual situation, and this embodiment is not limited in any way.
The anode 22 is disposed opposite to the cathode mechanism 1, specifically, the anode 22 is elongated, and the length direction (left-to-right direction shown in fig. 1) of the anode 22 coincides with the length direction (left-to-right direction shown in fig. 1) of the casing 21, the first end (left end shown in fig. 1) of the anode 22 is disposed close to the cathode mechanism 1 and opposite to the cathode mechanism 1, and the second end (right end shown in fig. 2) of the anode 22 is disposed toward the bottom of the well. The discharge channel 4 penetrates through the anode 22 along the length direction of the anode 22, so that the discharge channel 4 communicates the cathode mechanism 1 with the bottom of the well, and further, the plasma arc can be conveyed to the bottom of the well after being generated.
Preferably, the anode 22 flares outwardly to be flared near the second end. When the arc is output from the second end of the anode 22, the bell-mouth structure ensures that the arc better acts on the rock at the bottom of the well, thereby expanding the plasma arc and improving the rock breaking efficiency.
Referring to fig. 1, the working fluid gas input mechanism 3 is sandwiched between the cathode mechanism 1 and the first portion of the housing 21. Specifically, the working fluid gas input mechanism 3 may be an annular body, the body is sleeved outside the cathode mechanism 1, and the first portion of the housing 21 is sleeved outside the body. The inside of body is provided with the gas-supply passageway, and the gas-supply passageway is linked together with discharge channel 4, and the gas-supply passageway is used for carrying working medium gas to discharge channel 4.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the rock discharge mechanism may include: at least one exhaust gas conveying channel 5. Wherein each of the exhaust gas conveying passages 5 is used for conveying exhaust gas to the bottom of the well. In practice, the number of the rock exhaust gas conveying passages 5 may be determined according to practical situations, and this embodiment is not limited in any way. In the present embodiment, the number of the rock exhaust gas conveying passages 5 is two.
Each of the rock exhaust gas conveying passages 5 penetrates through the casing 21 along the length direction of the casing 21 so as to convey the rock exhaust gas to the bottom of the well and further drive rock fragments to move out of the well. Arrows in fig. 2 indicate the flow direction of the exhaust gas. Specifically, the casing 21 has a predetermined wall thickness, and each of the rock exhaust gas conveying passages 5 is provided at the wall thickness of the casing 21, that is, the rock exhaust gas conveying passage 5 is opened from the end wall at one end of the casing 21 and extends in the length direction of the casing 21 until reaching the end wall at the other end of the casing 21. In specific implementation, the preset wall thickness may be determined according to practical situations, and this embodiment does not limit this.
Preferably, when there are at least two of the exhaust gas conveying passages 5, each of the exhaust gas conveying passages 5 is uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the housing 21.
It can be seen that in this embodiment, the anode 22 is disposed opposite to the cathode mechanism 1, and the exhaust gas conveying channel 5 can convey the exhaust gas to the bottom of the well, so as to ensure stable conveying of the exhaust gas, avoid plugging of the bottom of the well, and improve drilling efficiency.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in the above embodiments, the second end of the anode 22 is connected to the housing 21, specifically, the second end of the anode 22 does not protrude from the housing 21, but is disposed entirely inside the housing 21, and the second end of the anode 22 is connected to the inner wall of the housing 21.
The inside of the anode 22 near the second end is provided with a gas chamber, and specifically, the anode 22 near the second end has a preset wall thickness, which may be determined according to the actual situation, and this embodiment is not limited in any way. The gas chamber is disposed inside the anode at the wall thickness. The thickness of the end of the housing 21 near the bottom of the well is smaller than the wall thickness of the rest of the housing 21 and the inner wall of the housing 21 is inclined smoothly, since the anode 22 is flared near the second end, i.e. the anode 22 is also inclined, the anode 22 near the second end will be in contact with the inner wall of the housing 21. The wall of the second end of the anode 22 facing the cathode means 1 is provided with at least one inlet, in particular each inlet being provided at a point of the anode 22 close to the second end and in contact with the housing 21. The number of the input ports is the same as that of the rock exhaust gas conveying channels 5, the input ports are in one-to-one correspondence with and are communicated with the rock exhaust gas conveying channels 5, and the input ports are communicated with the gas cavity, so that the rock exhaust gas in the rock exhaust gas conveying channels 5 is conveyed into the gas cavity through the input ports.
The wall surface of the second end of the anode 22 facing the bottom of the well is provided with a plurality of exhaust holes 221, and each exhaust hole 221 is communicated with the gas cavity, so that the rock exhaust gas in the gas cavity is conveyed to the bottom of the well through each exhaust hole 221. Preferably, the exhaust holes 221 are uniformly distributed along the bell-mouth-shaped wall surface of the anode 22.
It can be seen that in this embodiment, the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas conveying channel 5 is firstly conveyed into the gas cavity at the second end of the anode, and then conveyed to the bottom of the well through the exhaust holes 221 at the second end of the anode 22, so that the exhaust gas can act on the rock at the bottom of the well in a dispersed manner, the concentration of the exhaust gas is avoided, the acting surface of the exhaust gas on the rock at the bottom of the well is enlarged, and the drilling efficiency is improved.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in each of the above embodiments, the anode mechanism 2 may further include: an anode cooling mechanism. Wherein, the anode cooling mechanism is arranged on the shell 21, and the anode cooling mechanism is used for cooling the anode 22. Preferably, the anode cooling mechanism cools the anode 22 by anode cooling water.
Referring to fig. 3, the anode cooling mechanism may include: an input channel 6 and an output channel 7. Wherein the input channel 6 and the output channel 7 are both arranged in the housing 21, specifically, the input channel 6 and the output channel 7 are both arranged at the wall thickness of the housing 21. The input channel 6 and the output channel 7 each extend from a first portion of the housing 21 to a second portion, the input channel 6 extending to the end of the second portion of the housing 21, the output channel 7 extending into the second portion of the housing 21 but close to the first portion.
A gap is formed between the anode 22 and the inner wall of the casing 21 to form a cooling chamber 8, an input passage 6 and an output passage 7 are both communicated with the cooling chamber 8, the input passage 6 is used for conveying anode cooling water into the cooling chamber 8, and the output passage 7 is used for outputting the anode cooling water. Specifically, the second part of the housing 21 is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet at the position corresponding to the cooling cavity 8, the water inlet and the water outlet are both communicated with the cooling cavity 8, the water inlet is communicated with the input channel 6, the water outlet is communicated with the output channel 7, then anode cooling water is conveyed into the cooling cavity 8 through the input channel 6, the anode cooling water exchanges heat with the anode 22 so as to enable the anode 22 to exchange heat and cool, and the cooling water after heat exchange and temperature rise is output to the housing 21 through the output channel 7.
In particular, the water inlet is disposed adjacent the second end of the anode 22 and the water outlet is disposed adjacent the cathode mechanism 1.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the cathode mechanism 1 may include: a cathode 11, a cathode cooling mechanism 12, and an insulator 13. Wherein, the cathode 11 is arranged at the end part of the cathode cooling mechanism 12, and the cathode 11 corresponds to the anode 22, the cathode 11 corresponds to the discharge channel 4, and the cathode 11 and the anode 22 generate plasma arc under the action of working medium gas after being electrified. In practice, cathode 11 is highly capable of spilling electrons and emitting electrons to anode 22 to form a stable arc.
The insulator 13 is disposed outside the cathode cooling mechanism 12, specifically, the insulator 13 is sandwiched between the cathode cooling mechanism 12 and the working medium gas delivery mechanism, more specifically, the insulator 13 is annular, the insulator 13 is sleeved outside the cathode cooling mechanism 12, and the body of the working medium gas input mechanism 3 is sleeved outside the insulator 13.
Preferably, the cathode cooling mechanism 12 cools the cathode 11 with cathode cooling water. Specifically, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the cathode cooling mechanism 12 may include: an inner tube 121 and an outer tube 122. Wherein both ends of the inner tube 121 are open ends, and both ends of the outer tube 122 are closed ends. An outer wall of a first end (right end shown in fig. 3) of the outer tube 121 is connected to the cathode 11, and a second end (left end shown in fig. 3) of the outer tube 122 is a free end. The inner tube 121 is provided through an end wall of the second end of the outer tube 122, and the inner tube 121 is partially disposed inside the outer tube 122 and partially disposed outside the outer tube 122. The end of the inner tube 121 disposed within the outer tube 122 is spaced a predetermined distance from the first end of the outer tube, with a gap between the inner tube 121 and the outer tube 122 to form an annular space. The pipe wall of the outer pipe 122 is provided with an output port, the inner pipe 121 inputs cathode cooling water, the cathode cooling water exchanges heat with the cathode 11 and cools, the cathode cooling water after heat exchange and temperature rise flows to a gap between the inner pipe 121 and the outer pipe 122, and finally, the cathode cooling water is output through the output port.
Specifically, the cathode 11 is connected to the outer tube 122 through a cathode holder.
In summary, in this embodiment, the plasma arc is generated by the plasma generator, and the plasma arc acts on the rock at the bottom of the well to break the rock, so that drilling is achieved, mechanical drilling in the prior art is not required, and drilling lifting and bit changing are not required, so that drilling efficiency is greatly improved, drilling period is shortened, and the rock debris after breaking the rock is removed by the rock removing mechanism, so that the rock debris is effectively prevented from blocking the bottom of the well, smooth drilling is ensured, and further drilling efficiency is improved.
Drilling method embodiment:
the embodiment also provides a method for drilling by using the plasma generation system, referring to fig. 4, and fig. 4 is a flowchart of the drilling method provided by the embodiment of the invention. As shown, the drilling method comprises the steps of:
and a placing step S1, placing the plasma generating system at the bottom of the well.
Specifically, the discharge channel 4 in the plasma generating system faces to the bottom of the well, wherein the specific implementation process of the plasma generating system is just described, and the description of this embodiment is omitted here.
And S2, conveying working medium gas to the discharge channel, and electrifying the anode mechanism and the cathode mechanism to generate plasma arc, wherein the plasma arc acts on rocks at the bottom of a well.
Specifically, in the discharge channel 4, the cathode mechanism 1 and the anode mechanism 2 generate plasma arcs after being electrified and under the action of working medium gas, and the plasma arcs are conveyed through the discharge channel 4 and reach the bottom of the well.
And S3, outputting rock scraps generated by rock breaking.
Specifically, the electric arc output by the discharge channel 4 acts on the surface of the rock at the bottom of the well, and the rock at the bottom of the well is broken through high-temperature ablation, so that the well drilling is realized.
Preferably, the rock exhaust gas is conveyed to the bottom of the well, the rock exhaust gas blows rock debris, and the rock debris is driven to move outwards of the well by the rock exhaust gas, so that the rock debris is prevented from blocking the bottom of the well and affecting drilling.
It can be seen that in this embodiment, through cathode mechanism and positive pole mechanism after the circular telegram and under the effect of working medium gas, the electric arc produces, and the electric arc acts on shaft bottom rock in order to break rock, has realized the well drilling, has improved drilling efficiency greatly to, get rid of the detritus behind the rock breakage, avoided the detritus shutoff shaft bottom effectively, guaranteed that the well drilling goes on smoothly, and then improved drilling efficiency.
The principle of the plasma generating system and the method of drilling using the same in the present invention is the same, and the related parts can be referred to each other.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. A plasma generation system, comprising: a plasma generator and a rock discharging mechanism; wherein,
The plasma generator is used for breaking rock;
The rock discharging mechanism is arranged on the plasma generator and is used for discharging rock scraps generated after rock is broken;
The plasma generator includes: a cathode mechanism (1) and an anode mechanism (2); wherein the anode mechanism (2) comprises: a housing (21) and an anode (22); the first part of the shell (21) is sleeved outside the cathode mechanism (1), the second part of the shell (21) is sleeved outside the anode (22), and the anode (22) and the cathode mechanism (1) are oppositely arranged;
the rock discharging mechanism comprises: at least one exhaust gas conveying channel (5) for conveying exhaust gas; each rock exhaust conveying channel (5) penetrates through the shell along the length direction of the shell (21) so as to convey the rock exhaust to the bottom of the well and further drive the rock fragments to move outwards;
The first end of the anode (22) is opposite to the cathode mechanism (1), and the position, close to the second end, of the anode (22) is outwards expanded to be in a horn mouth shape;
a second end of the anode (22) is connected with the shell (21);
a gas cavity is formed in the anode (22) close to the second end, at least one input port communicated with the gas cavity is formed in the wall surface, facing the cathode mechanism (1), of the second end of the anode (22), and each input port corresponds to and is communicated with each rock exhaust gas conveying channel (5) one by one so as to convey the rock exhaust gas into the gas cavity; the wall surface of the second end of the anode (22) facing the bottom of the well is provided with a plurality of exhaust holes (221) communicated with the gas cavity so as to convey the rock exhaust gas to the bottom of the well.
2. The plasma generation system according to claim 1, wherein the anode mechanism (2) further comprises: an anode cooling mechanism; the anode cooling mechanism includes: an input channel (6) and an output channel (7) both provided to the housing (21); wherein,
-A gap is provided between the anode (22) and the inner wall of the housing (21) to form a cooling chamber (8);
The input channel (6) and the output channel (7) extend from a first part to a second part of the shell (21) and are communicated with the cooling cavity (8), the input channel (6) is used for conveying anode cooling water into the cooling cavity (8), and the output channel (7) is used for outputting the anode cooling water.
3. The plasma generation system according to claim 1, wherein the cathode mechanism (1) comprises: a cathode (11), a cathode cooling mechanism (12) and an insulator (13); wherein,
The cathode (11) is arranged at the end part of the cathode cooling mechanism (12) and corresponds to the anode (22);
the insulator (13) is provided outside the cathode cooling mechanism (12).
4. A plasma generation system according to claim 3, wherein the cathode cooling mechanism (12) comprises: an inner tube (121) with both ends being open ends and an outer tube (122) with both ends being closed ends; wherein,
An outer wall of a first end of the outer tube (122) is connected with the cathode (11), and a second end of the outer tube (122) is a free end;
The inner pipe (121) is arranged on the end wall of the second end of the outer pipe (122) in a penetrating way and is partially arranged in the outer pipe (122), a preset distance is reserved between the end part of the inner pipe (121) arranged in the outer pipe and the first end of the outer pipe, an annular space is formed by a gap between the inner pipe (121) and the outer pipe (122), and an output port is formed in the pipe wall of the outer pipe (122); the inner pipe (121) is used for inputting cathode cooling water, and the output port is used for outputting the cathode cooling water.
5. The plasma generation system of claim 1, wherein the plasma generator further comprises: a working medium gas input mechanism (3);
the anode (22) is provided with a discharge channel (4) penetrating through the anode (22) along the length direction of the anode, and the discharge channel (4) corresponds to the cathode mechanism (1);
The working medium gas conveying mechanism (3) is clamped between the cathode mechanism (1) and the first part of the shell (21) and is used for conveying working medium gas into the discharge channel (4) so as to enable the cathode mechanism (1) and the anode mechanism (2) to generate an electric arc after being electrified; the discharge channel (4) is used for conveying the electric arc to the bottom of the well to break down the rock at the bottom of the well.
6. A method of drilling a well using the plasma generation system of any of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
Placing, namely placing the plasma generating system at the bottom of a well;
A drilling step, namely conveying working medium gas to a discharge channel, and electrifying the anode mechanism and the cathode mechanism to generate plasma arc, wherein the plasma arc acts on rocks at the bottom of a well;
And a rock discharging step, namely outputting rock scraps generated by rock breaking.
7. The method of drilling according to claim 6, wherein, in the step of removing rock,
And conveying rock exhaust gas to the bottom of the well, wherein the rock exhaust gas blows the rock cuttings and drives the rock cuttings to move out of the well.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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| CN114080087A (en) | 2022-02-22 |
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