CN114057437A - Electric heating and heat preservation integrated plate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Electric heating and heat preservation integrated plate and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114057437A
CN114057437A CN202010787001.0A CN202010787001A CN114057437A CN 114057437 A CN114057437 A CN 114057437A CN 202010787001 A CN202010787001 A CN 202010787001A CN 114057437 A CN114057437 A CN 114057437A
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heat
electric heating
raw material
fine aggregate
layer
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CN114057437B (en
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王炯辉
王斌
陈道贵
张喜
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Minmetals Exploration & Development Co ltd
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Minmetals Exploration & Development Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
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    • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
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    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
    • C04B41/5076—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with masses bonded by inorganic cements
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    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
    • C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
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    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/90—Electrical properties
    • C04B2111/94—Electrically conducting materials
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/38—Non-oxide ceramic constituents or additives
    • C04B2235/3817—Carbides
    • C04B2235/3826—Silicon carbides
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
    • C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
    • C04B2235/5418—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof
    • C04B2235/5436—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof micrometer sized, i.e. from 1 to 100 micron
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
    • C04B2235/6562—Heating rate
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
    • C04B2235/6567—Treatment time
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Abstract

The invention provides an electric heating and heat preservation integrated plate and a preparation method thereof. The integrated plate is prepared from the raw material composition of an electric heating heat-insulation plate and comprises an integrated electric heating layer and a heat-insulation layer; the raw material composition of the electric heating layer comprises 5-30% of spherical graphite tailings, 15-35% of cement and 45-85% of fine aggregate; the heat insulating layer material composition includes waste stone and/or graphite tailing 20-90 wt%, clay material 20-80 wt% and foaming agent 1-5 wt%. The preparation method comprises the following steps: ball-milling and mixing the waste stone and/or graphite tailings, the clay material and the foaming agent to obtain a raw material of the heat-insulating layer, and sintering and forming to obtain the heat-insulating layer; mixing graphite tailings, cement, fine aggregate and water to obtain slurry, coating the slurry on the surface of the heat insulation layer, and drying to obtain the electric heating heat insulation integrated plate. The invention comprehensively prepares the multifunctional integrated building board by utilizing the multisource solid waste produced by graphite exploitation, and realizes the comprehensive utilization of the graphite exploitation waste.

Description

Electric heating and heat preservation integrated plate and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral waste resource utilization, and particularly relates to an electric heating and heat preservation integrated plate and a preparation method thereof.
Background
As a strategic characteristic resource in China, the solid waste yield of crystalline graphite in the mining and processing process is very high, at present, most of waste rocks generated in mining, graphite tailings generated in mineral separation and spherical graphite tailings generated in spheroidization can be treated only by stacking, a good resource utilization method is not provided, and the comprehensive utilization rate is very low. The treatment mode mainly based on stacking at present occupies a large amount of land resources, can cause serious environmental protection and safety risks, and becomes a bottleneck for restricting high-quality development and upgrading of the industry.
The spherical graphite tailing is broken fine crystalline flake graphite, and no case for industrial recycling exists temporarily. The waste stone and the tailings are made of SiO2Mainly, with a small amount of Al2O3And minerals such as graphite and carbonate can be used as raw materials of building materials. At present, building materials prepared by using waste rocks/tailings mainly comprise cement, concrete, building bricks, heat insulation materials and the like, but the additional value of the building materials is low, and the transportation radius and the utilization rate of the building materials are limited for main graphite production places in China.
The application of the energy-saving building material and the popularization of the assembly mode can greatly reduce the energy consumption and the carbon dioxide emission, and become one of the development directions of building materials in China. Aiming at the composition characteristics of graphite multi-source solid waste, the building board prepared by utilizing graphite multi-source solid waste and having the electric heating and heat preservation integration has great popularization prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide an electric heating and heat preservation integrated plate, and a raw material and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a raw material composition of an electric heating layer, which comprises, by mass, 5-30% of spherical graphite tailings, 15-35% of cement and 45-85% of fine aggregate; the sum of the percentages of the components is 100 percent.
According to the specific embodiment of the invention, preferably, the raw material composition of the electric heating layer comprises 5-25% of spherical graphite tailings, 20-35% of cement and 50-80% of fine aggregate, wherein the sum of the percentages of the components is 100%; more preferably, the spherical graphite tailing is 5-20%, the cement is 20-25%, the fine aggregate is 55-75%, and the sum of the percentages of the components is 100%.
In the raw material composition for the electric heating layer, the fine aggregate can be all fine aggregate commonly used in the building field, such as silica sand and the like, and the fine aggregate prepared from waste stone and/or graphite tailings can be used for replacing all or part of the fine aggregate, namely the fine aggregate can comprise the fine aggregate prepared from waste stone and/or graphite tailings. According to a particular embodiment of the present invention, the fine aggregate prepared from waste rock and/or graphite tailings preferably accounts for 5 to 90%, more preferably 30 to 80% of the total amount of the fine aggregate.
In the above-mentioned raw material composition for the electric heating layer, preferably, the fine aggregate prepared from the used waste rock and/or graphite tailings has a particle size of 100 meshes or more, that is, the fine aggregate is sieved by a 100-mesh sieve.
According to a particular embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the fine aggregate prepared from waste rock and/or graphite tailings is prepared by crushing, pulverizing, grinding, sieving, etc.
According to the specific embodiment of the invention, the raw material composition of the electric heating layer takes the spherical graphite tailings as one of the components, is combined with cement, fine aggregate and the like, can be used for preparing the electric heating layer, and realizes the recycling of the ball-milled graphite tailings. The spherical graphite tailings can be uniformly distributed in the electric heating layer to form a conductive network, so that resistance heating is realized, and the electric heating layer prepared from the raw material composition of the electric heating layer has good heating performance.
The invention also provides a raw material composition of the heat-insulating layer, which comprises 20-90% of waste stone and/or graphite tailings, 5-80% of clay substances and 1-5% of foaming agents by mass percent, wherein the sum of the percentages of the components is 100%.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the insulation layer raw material composition may include: 30-80% of waste stone and/or graphite tailings, 15-65% of clay substances and 1-5% of foaming agents, wherein the sum of the percentages of the components is 100%; or 40-70% of waste stone and/or graphite tailings, 25-55% of clay substances and 1-5% of foaming agents, wherein the sum of the percentages of the components is 100%; or 40-60% of waste stone and/or graphite tailings, 30-60% of clay substances and 1-5% of foaming agents, wherein the sum of the percentages of the components is 100%.
According to the specific embodiment of the invention, the waste stone and/or graphite tailings are used as the components of the heat insulation layer after being treated by crushing, grinding, sieving and the like, and preferably, the particle size of the waste stone and/or graphite tailings is less than 100 meshes, namely, the waste stone and/or graphite tailings are sieved by a 100-mesh sieve, and undersize materials are used as raw materials of the heat insulation layer. More preferably, the particle size is 200 mesh or less. When the waste rock and the graphite tailings are adopted at the same time, the proportion between the waste rock and the graphite tailings can be controlled according to the requirement.
In the above insulation course material composition, preferably, the clay material includes kaolin and/or shale soil and the like.
In the above insulating layer raw material composition, preferably, the foaming agent includes silicon carbide or the like.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, an auxiliary agent, such as a grinding aid (e.g., alcohol) in an amount of 1% to 2%, and/or a foam stabilizer (e.g., cellulose) in an amount of 1% to 2%, may be further included in the insulation layer raw material composition, based on the total weight of the insulation layer raw material composition.
According to the specific embodiment of the invention, the heat-insulating layer raw material composition takes waste stone generated by exploiting graphite ore and powder prepared from graphite tailings as one of the components, is combined with clay substances, foaming agents and the like, can be used for preparing a foamed heat-insulating layer, and the prepared heat-insulating layer has good heat-insulating property and strength. Wherein, the graphite component in the graphite tailings can also play a foaming role.
The waste stone, graphite tailings and spherical graphite tailings adopted by the invention are formed in the process of graphite ore mining and mineral dressing, wherein the waste stone is generated in the process of graphite mining, and the main component of the waste stone is SiO2And contains a small amount of Al2O3Carbonate, the graphite tailings are generated in the graphite beneficiation process, and the main component is SiO2And contains a small amount of Al2O3Carbonate and 1-4% graphite, wherein the spherical graphite tailing is generated after the spheroidization process of the crystalline flake graphite, the particle size ranges from 0.5 to 15 microns, and a scanning electron microscope image of the spherical graphite tailing is shown in figure 1. The volume of the waste stone is generally larger, and the waste stone is mainly used as a general basic building material at present, for example, the waste stone is used for replacing a large stone in the building field, and the utilization value is lower; the amount of the graphite tailings generated in the mineral separation process is very large, the particle size of the graphite tailings is small, and the graphite tailings contain certain graphite components, but for the waste, research institutions try to prepare building materials such as foamed ceramics and the like at present, but the graphite tailings are limited by the transportation radius of a graphite production place, no industrialization case exists, and the graphite tailings are mainly stacked in the open air at present; the particle size of the spherical graphite tailing is smaller, the spherical graphite tailing is mainly used in the pencil industry, the demand is less, and a suitable high-valued utilization method is not available at present.
The invention also provides a raw material composition of the electric heating heat-insulating plate, which comprises the raw material composition of the electric heating layer and the raw material composition of the heat-insulating layer.
The invention also provides an electric heating and heat preservation integrated plate which is prepared from the raw material composition of the electric heating and heat preservation plate and comprises an integrated electric heating layer and a heat preservation layer. Wherein, the thickness of the electric heating layer can be 3-8mm, and the thickness of the heat insulation layer can be determined according to the requirement, and generally can be 4-8 cm.
In the electric heating and heat preservation integrated plate, graphite components in the spherical graphite tailings form a network, so that resistance heating is realized, and the spherical graphite tailings are preferably distributed in a three-dimensional continuous phase in an electric heating layer. The more uniform the distribution of the interconnected graphite components, the more uniform the heating performance of the electric heating layer and the higher the heating efficiency.
In the electric heating and heat preservation integrated plate, bubbles are preferably distributed in the heat preservation layer, and the particle size is 50-2000 microns. Carbonate, graphite and silicon carbide in the waste stone and graphite tailings can form gas in the sintering process, and can be fixed in the heat-insulating layer after being cooled and uniformly distributed, so that the heat-insulating performance of the heat-insulating layer is improved.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the electric heating and heat preservation integrated plate, which comprises the following steps:
ball-milling and mixing waste stone and/or graphite tailings, clay substances and a foaming agent to obtain a raw material of the heat-insulating layer, and then sintering and forming to obtain the heat-insulating layer; when the raw materials contain the auxiliary agent, the nodular graphite mixing is carried out in the step;
and mixing graphite tailings, cement, fine aggregate and water to obtain slurry, coating the slurry on the surface of the heat-insulating layer, and drying to obtain the electric-heating heat-insulating integrated plate.
In the above preparation method, preferably, the preparation method further comprises: when the raw material of the heat-insulating layer is prepared, the waste rocks are crushed, ground and sieved, and the part which can pass through a 100-mesh sieve is used as the raw material; and screening the graphite tailings to obtain a part which can pass through a 100-mesh sieve as a raw material.
In the above preparation method, preferably, the time of the ball milling is 2 to 8 hours.
In the above preparation method, preferably, the preparation method further comprises: after the ball milling is finished, screening the material obtained by the ball milling, and taking undersize materials which can pass through a 100-mesh sieve as raw materials of the heat insulation layer.
In the above preparation method, preferably, the drying is performed under constant temperature and humidity conditions; more preferably, the constant temperature and humidity conditions include a temperature of 20-60 ℃ and a humidity of 40-90%. And the cement is solidified after being kept for a certain time under the condition, so that the electric heating layer and the heat insulation layer form coupling combination to form an integrated plate.
In the above preparation method, preferably, the sintering is performed by raising the temperature to 700-1250 ℃ at a temperature raising rate of 4-10 ℃/min, and maintaining the temperature for 0.5-10 hours (preferably 2-8 hours, more preferably 3-6 hours).
According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the above preparation method can be performed according to the following specific steps:
step 1: raw material treatment:
crushing and grinding the waste stone, and sieving the crushed waste stone with a 100-mesh sieve;
sieving the graphite tailings with a 100-mesh sieve;
step 2: burdening of the heat preservation layer:
grinding the undersize materials of the waste stone and the graphite tailings with clay substances, foaming agents and auxiliaries in a ball mill for 2-8 hours according to a proportion to ensure that all components are uniformly mixed;
the ground materials are sequentially screened by a 100-mesh sieve, oversize products are returned to be ball-milled, and undersize products are used in the next step;
and step 3: sintering and forming of materials of the heat preservation layer:
putting the materials into a mould for drying;
sintering the dried material in an electric furnace, heating to 700-1250 ℃ at the heating rate of 4-10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 0.5-3 hours, and cooling along with the furnace;
after demoulding, cutting to obtain a foamed ceramic plate, namely a heat-insulating layer;
and 4, step 4: preparing materials for the electric heating layer:
mixing the oversize products of the waste stone and the graphite tailings, spherical graphite tailings (used as fine aggregate) and cement in proportion, and adding water for mechanical stirring to form slurry; when other types of fine aggregate are contained, mixing is carried out together, such as silica sand;
and 5: compounding the electric heating layer and the heat insulating layer;
and (3) uniformly coating the slurry prepared in the step (4) on the heat-insulating layer plate prepared in the step (3), and drying at constant temperature and constant humidity (the temperature is 20-60 ℃ and the humidity is 40-90%) to form the electric-heating heat-insulating integrated plate.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the following advantages:
1. the method fully utilizes the characteristics of the solid waste components of the graphite ore, the carbonate and the graphite existing in the solid waste play a role of a certain foaming agent in the sintering process, and the graphite components in the spherical graphite tailings can be mutually connected to form a conductive path, so that the electric energy is converted into heat energy in a resistance heating mode.
2. The electric heating layer, the heat insulation layer and the electric heating and heat insulation integrated plate are a building plate, can be prepared and used in a large scale, provide a huge outlet for comprehensive utilization of multi-source solid wastes in the graphite industry, and have good strength, heating and heat insulation properties.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron microscope image of a spherical graphite tail.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below in order to clearly understand the technical features, objects, and advantages of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the practical scope of the present invention.
Example 1
This embodiment provides an electric heat preservation integration panel, wherein:
the heat-insulating layer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 55% of waste stone and graphite tailings (1: 1), 40% of kaolin, 3% of foaming agent (silicon carbide), 1% of grinding aid (ethanol) and 1% of foam stabilizer (cellulose);
the raw materials of the electric heating layer comprise, by mass, 20% of spherical graphite tailings, 25% of cement and 55% of fine aggregate; wherein the fine aggregate prepared from the waste rocks and/or the graphite tailings accounts for 20 percent of the total amount of the fine aggregate, and the balance is silica sand.
The electric heating and heat preservation integrated plate of the embodiment can be prepared according to the following specific steps:
step 1: raw material treatment:
crushing and grinding the waste stone, and sieving the crushed waste stone with a 100-mesh sieve;
sieving the graphite tailings with a 100-mesh sieve;
step 2: burdening of the heat preservation layer:
grinding the undersize materials of the waste stone and the graphite tailings with kaolin, a foaming agent, a grinding aid and a foam stabilizer in a ball mill for 4.5 hours according to a proportion to ensure that all components are uniformly mixed;
the ground materials are sequentially screened by a 200-mesh sieve, oversize products are returned to be ball-milled, and undersize products are used in the next step;
and step 3: sintering and forming of materials of the heat preservation layer:
putting the materials into a mould for drying;
putting the dried material into an electric furnace for sintering, heating to 1000 ℃ at the heating rate of 8 ℃/min, preserving heat for 5 hours, and then cooling along with the furnace;
after demoulding, cutting to obtain a foamed ceramic plate, namely a heat-insulating layer;
and 4, step 4: preparing materials for the electric heating layer:
mixing the oversize products of the waste stone and the graphite tailings, spherical graphite tailings (used as fine aggregate), cement and fine aggregate (silica sand) in proportion, and adding water for mechanical stirring to form slurry;
and 5: compounding the electric heating layer and the heat insulating layer;
and (3) uniformly coating the slurry prepared in the step (4) on the heat-insulating layer plate prepared in the step (3), and drying at room temperature and humidity of 60% to form the electric-heating heat-insulating integrated plate.
And (3) testing:
the performance of the single insulating layer prepared according to the method of the embodiment is tested according to GB/T23451-.
From the test results shown in table 1 above, it can be seen that: the heat-insulating layer prepared by the invention has higher compressive strength and softening coefficient, and simultaneously has lower surface density, thereby being beneficial to realizing the lightweight of building materials while ensuring the strength. Meanwhile, the heat-insulating layer has proper heat transfer coefficient and thermal resistance and can well play a role in heat insulation.
The electric heating layer alone, prepared according to the method of this example, was measured to have a resistivity of 20 Ω · m. From this test result, it can be seen that: the electric heating layer prepared by the invention has good heating effect, and can play a good heating role after being compounded with the heat-insulating layer to form an integrated plate.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0002622362570000071
Figure BDA0002622362570000081
Example 2
This embodiment provides an electric heat preservation integration panel, wherein:
the heat-insulating layer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 40% of waste stone and graphite tailings (1: 1), 56% of kaolin, 2% of foaming agent (silicon carbide), 1% of grinding aid (ethanol) and 1% of foam stabilizer (cellulose);
the raw materials of the electric heating layer comprise, by mass, 15% of spherical graphite tailings, 20% of cement and 65% of fine aggregate; wherein the fine aggregate prepared from the waste rocks and/or the graphite tailings accounts for 30 percent of the total amount of the fine aggregate, and the balance is silica sand.
The electric heating and heat preservation integrated plate of the embodiment can be prepared according to the following specific steps:
step 1: raw material treatment:
crushing and grinding the waste stone, and sieving the crushed waste stone with a 100-mesh sieve;
sieving the graphite tailings with a 100-mesh sieve;
step 2: burdening of the heat preservation layer:
grinding the undersize materials of the waste stone and the graphite tailings with kaolin, a foaming agent, a grinding aid and a foam stabilizer in a ball mill for 4.5 hours according to a proportion to ensure that all components are uniformly mixed;
the ground materials are sequentially screened by a 200-mesh sieve, oversize products are returned to be ball-milled, and undersize products are used in the next step;
and step 3: sintering and forming of materials of the heat preservation layer:
putting the materials into a mould for drying;
putting the dried material into an electric furnace for sintering, heating to 1000 ℃ at the heating rate of 6 ℃/min, preserving heat for 6 hours, and then cooling along with the furnace;
after demoulding, cutting to obtain a foamed ceramic plate, namely a heat-insulating layer;
and 4, step 4: preparing materials for the electric heating layer:
mixing the oversize products of the waste stone and the graphite tailings, spherical graphite tailings (used as fine aggregate), cement and fine aggregate (silica sand) in proportion, and adding water for mechanical stirring to form slurry;
and 5: compounding the electric heating layer and the heat insulating layer;
and (3) uniformly coating the slurry prepared in the step (4) on the heat-insulating layer plate prepared in the step (3), and drying at room temperature and 70% of humidity to form the electric-heating heat-insulating integrated plate.
Example 3
This embodiment provides an electric heat preservation integration panel, wherein:
the heat-insulating layer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 65% of waste stone and graphite tailings (1: 1), 40% of kaolin, 3% of foaming agent (silicon carbide), 1% of grinding aid (ethanol) and 1% of foam stabilizer (cellulose);
the raw materials of the electric heating layer comprise 10% of spherical graphite tailings, 20% of cement and 70% of fine aggregate by mass percentage; wherein the fine aggregate prepared from the waste rocks and/or the graphite tailings accounts for 50 percent of the total amount of the fine aggregate, and the balance is silica sand.
The electric heating and heat preservation integrated plate of the embodiment can be prepared according to the following specific steps:
step 1: raw material treatment:
crushing and grinding the waste stone, and sieving the crushed waste stone with a 100-mesh sieve;
sieving the graphite tailings with a 100-mesh sieve;
step 2: burdening of the heat preservation layer:
grinding the undersize materials of the waste stone and the graphite tailings with kaolin, a foaming agent, a grinding aid and a foam stabilizer in a ball mill for 5 hours according to a proportion to ensure that all components are uniformly mixed;
the ground materials are sequentially screened by a 200-mesh sieve, oversize products are returned to be ball-milled, and undersize products are used in the next step;
and step 3: sintering and forming of materials of the heat preservation layer:
putting the materials into a mould for drying;
putting the dried material into an electric furnace for sintering, heating to 1000 ℃ at the heating rate of 7 ℃/min, preserving heat for 5 hours, and then cooling along with the furnace;
after demoulding, cutting to obtain a foamed ceramic plate, namely a heat-insulating layer;
and 4, step 4: preparing materials for the electric heating layer:
mixing the oversize products of the waste stone and the graphite tailings, spherical graphite tailings (used as fine aggregate), cement and fine aggregate (silica sand) in proportion, and adding water for mechanical stirring to form slurry;
and 5: compounding the electric heating layer and the heat insulating layer;
and (3) uniformly coating the slurry prepared in the step (4) on the heat-insulating layer plate prepared in the step (3), and drying at room temperature and humidity of 60% to form the electric-heating heat-insulating integrated plate.
Example 4
This embodiment provides an electric heat preservation integration panel, wherein:
the heat-insulating layer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 55% of waste stone and graphite tailings (1: 1), 40% of kaolin, 3% of foaming agent (silicon carbide), 1% of grinding aid (ethanol) and 1% of foam stabilizer (cellulose);
the raw materials of the electric heating layer comprise, by mass, 20% of spherical graphite tailings, 25% of cement and 55% of fine aggregate; wherein the fine aggregate prepared from the waste rocks and/or the graphite tailings accounts for 60 percent of the total amount of the fine aggregate, and the balance is silica sand.
The electric heating and heat preservation integrated plate of the embodiment can be prepared according to the following specific steps:
step 1: raw material treatment:
crushing and grinding the waste stone, and sieving the crushed waste stone with a 100-mesh sieve;
sieving the graphite tailings with a 100-mesh sieve;
step 2: burdening of the heat preservation layer:
grinding the undersize materials of the waste stone and the graphite tailings with kaolin, a foaming agent, a grinding aid and a foam stabilizer in a ball mill for 5 hours according to a proportion to ensure that all components are uniformly mixed;
the ground materials are sequentially screened by a 200-mesh sieve, oversize products are returned to be ball-milled, and undersize products are used in the next step;
and step 3: sintering and forming of materials of the heat preservation layer:
putting the materials into a mould for drying;
putting the dried material into an electric furnace for sintering, heating to 1000 ℃ at the heating rate of 6 ℃/min, preserving heat for 4.5 hours, and then cooling along with the furnace;
after demoulding, cutting to obtain a foamed ceramic plate, namely a heat-insulating layer;
and 4, step 4: preparing materials for the electric heating layer:
mixing the oversize products of the waste stone and the graphite tailings, spherical graphite tailings (used as fine aggregate), cement and fine aggregate (silica sand) in proportion, and adding water for mechanical stirring to form slurry;
and 5: compounding the electric heating layer and the heat insulating layer;
and (3) uniformly coating the slurry prepared in the step (4) on the heat-insulating layer plate prepared in the step (3), and drying at room temperature and humidity of 40% to form the electric-heating heat-insulating integrated plate.
Example 5
This embodiment provides an electric heat preservation integration panel, wherein:
the heat-insulating layer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 80% of waste stone and graphite tailings (1: 1), 16% of kaolin, 2% of foaming agent (silicon carbide), 1% of grinding aid (ethanol) and 1% of foam stabilizer (cellulose);
the raw materials of the electric heating layer comprise 30% of spherical graphite tailing, 35% of cement and 35% of fine aggregate by mass percentage; wherein the fine aggregate prepared from the waste rocks and/or the graphite tailings accounts for 10 percent of the total amount of the fine aggregate, and the balance is silica sand.
The electric heating and heat preservation integrated plate of the embodiment can be prepared according to the following specific steps:
step 1: raw material treatment:
crushing and grinding the waste stone, and sieving the crushed waste stone with a 100-mesh sieve;
sieving the graphite tailings with a 100-mesh sieve;
step 2: burdening of the heat preservation layer:
grinding the undersize materials of the waste stone and the graphite tailings with kaolin, a foaming agent, a grinding aid and a foam stabilizer in a ball mill for 5 hours according to a proportion to ensure that all components are uniformly mixed;
the ground materials are sequentially screened by a 200-mesh sieve, oversize products are returned to be ball-milled, and undersize products are used in the next step;
and step 3: sintering and forming of materials of the heat preservation layer:
putting the materials into a mould for drying;
putting the dried material into an electric furnace for sintering, heating to 1000 ℃ at the heating rate of 7 ℃/min, preserving heat for 5 hours, and then cooling along with the furnace;
after demoulding, cutting to obtain a foamed ceramic plate, namely a heat-insulating layer;
and 4, step 4: preparing materials for the electric heating layer:
mixing the oversize products of the waste stone and the graphite tailings, spherical graphite tailings (used as fine aggregate), cement and fine aggregate (silica sand) in proportion, and adding water for mechanical stirring to form slurry;
and 5: compounding the electric heating layer and the heat insulating layer;
and (3) uniformly coating the slurry prepared in the step (4) on the heat-insulating layer plate prepared in the step (3), and drying at room temperature and humidity of 60% to form the electric-heating heat-insulating integrated plate.
Example 6
This embodiment provides an electric heat preservation integration panel, wherein:
the heat-insulating layer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 55% of waste stone and graphite tailings (1: 1), 40% of kaolin, 3% of foaming agent (silicon carbide), 1% of grinding aid (ethanol) and 1% of foam stabilizer (cellulose);
the raw materials of the electric heating layer comprise, by mass, 20% of spherical graphite tailings, 25% of cement and 55% of fine aggregate; wherein the fine aggregate is silica sand.
The electric heating and heat preservation integrated plate of the embodiment can be prepared according to the following specific steps:
step 1: raw material treatment:
crushing and grinding the waste stone, and sieving the crushed waste stone with a 100-mesh sieve;
sieving the graphite tailings with a 100-mesh sieve;
step 2: burdening of the heat preservation layer:
grinding the undersize materials of the waste stone and the graphite tailings with kaolin, a foaming agent, a grinding aid and a foam stabilizer in a ball mill for 4.5 hours according to a proportion to ensure that all components are uniformly mixed;
the ground materials are sequentially screened by a 200-mesh sieve, oversize products are returned to be ball-milled, and undersize products are used in the next step;
and step 3: sintering and forming of materials of the heat preservation layer:
putting the materials into a mould for drying;
putting the dried material into an electric furnace for sintering, heating to 1000 ℃ at the heating rate of 8 ℃/min, preserving heat for 5 hours, and then cooling along with the furnace;
after demoulding, cutting to obtain a foamed ceramic plate, namely a heat-insulating layer;
and 4, step 4: preparing materials for the electric heating layer:
mixing the oversize products of the waste stone and the graphite tailings, spherical graphite tailings (used as fine aggregate), cement and fine aggregate (silica sand) in proportion, and adding water for mechanical stirring to form slurry;
and 5: compounding the electric heating layer and the heat insulating layer;
and (3) uniformly coating the slurry prepared in the step (4) on the heat-insulating layer plate prepared in the step (3), and drying at room temperature and humidity of 60% to form the electric-heating heat-insulating integrated plate.
Example 7
This embodiment provides an electric heat preservation integration panel, wherein:
the heat-insulating layer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 55% of waste stone and graphite tailings (1: 1), 40% of kaolin, 3% of foaming agent (silicon carbide), 1% of grinding aid (ethanol) and 1% of foam stabilizer (cellulose);
the raw materials of the electric heating layer comprise, by mass, 20% of spherical graphite tailings, 25% of cement and 55% of fine aggregate; wherein the fine aggregate is prepared from waste rocks and/or graphite tailings.
The electric heating and heat preservation integrated plate of the embodiment can be prepared according to the following specific steps:
step 1: raw material treatment:
crushing and grinding the waste stone, and sieving the crushed waste stone with a 100-mesh sieve;
sieving the graphite tailings with a 100-mesh sieve;
step 2: burdening of the heat preservation layer:
grinding the undersize materials of the waste stone and the graphite tailings with kaolin, a foaming agent, a grinding aid and a foam stabilizer in a ball mill for 4.5 hours according to a proportion to ensure that all components are uniformly mixed;
the ground materials are sequentially screened by a 200-mesh sieve, oversize products are returned to be ball-milled, and undersize products are used in the next step;
and step 3: sintering and forming of materials of the heat preservation layer:
putting the materials into a mould for drying;
putting the dried material into an electric furnace for sintering, heating to 1000 ℃ at the heating rate of 8 ℃/min, preserving heat for 5 hours, and then cooling along with the furnace;
after demoulding, cutting to obtain a foamed ceramic plate, namely a heat-insulating layer;
and 4, step 4: preparing materials for the electric heating layer:
mixing the oversize products of the waste stone and the graphite tailings, spherical graphite tailings (used as fine aggregate), cement and fine aggregate (silica sand) in proportion, and adding water for mechanical stirring to form slurry;
and 5: compounding the electric heating layer and the heat insulating layer;
and (3) uniformly coating the slurry prepared in the step (4) on the heat-insulating layer plate prepared in the step (3), and drying at room temperature and humidity of 60% to form the electric-heating heat-insulating integrated plate.

Claims (10)

1. The raw material composition of the electric heating layer comprises, by mass, 5-30% of spherical graphite tailings, 15-35% of cement and 45-85% of fine aggregate, wherein the sum of the percentages of the components is 100%;
preferably, the raw material composition of the electric heating layer comprises 5-25% of spherical graphite tailings, 20-35% of cement and 50-80% of fine aggregate, wherein the sum of the percentages of the components is 100%;
more preferably, the raw material composition of the electric heating layer comprises 5-20% of spherical graphite tailings, 20-25% of cement and 55-75% of fine aggregate, wherein the sum of the percentages of the components is 100%.
2. The electrothermal layer raw material composition according to claim 1, wherein the fine aggregate comprises fine aggregate prepared from waste rock and/or graphite tailings;
preferably, the amount of the fine aggregate prepared from the waste rocks and/or the graphite tailings accounts for 5-90% of the total amount of the fine aggregate; more preferably 30-80%;
preferably, the fine aggregate further comprises silica sand;
preferably, the particle size of the fine aggregate prepared from the waste rock and/or the graphite tailings is over 100 meshes.
3. The heat-insulating layer raw material composition comprises, by mass, 20-90% of waste stone and/or graphite tailings, 5-80% of clay substances and 1-5% of foaming agents, wherein the sum of the percentages of the components is 100%;
preferably, the heat-insulating layer raw material composition comprises 40-70% of waste stone and/or graphite tailings, 25-55% of clay substances and 1-5% of foaming agents, wherein the sum of the percentages of the components is 100%.
4. An insulation course material composition according to claim 3, wherein the particle size of the waste rock and/or graphite tailings is 100 mesh or less, preferably 200 mesh or less.
5. A raw material composition for an electric heating insulation board, comprising the raw material composition for an electric heating layer according to claim 1 or 2 and the raw material composition for an insulation layer according to claim 3 or 4.
6. An electric heating and heat preservation integrated plate, which is prepared by the raw material composition of the electric heating and heat preservation plate of claim 5 and comprises an integrated electric heating layer and a heat preservation layer;
preferably, the spherical graphite tailings are distributed in a three-dimensional continuous phase in the electric heating layer.
7. An electric-thermal insulation integrated plate according to claim 6, wherein the insulation layer is distributed with air bubbles, and the particle size is 50-2000 microns.
8. The preparation method of the electric-heating heat-preservation integrated plate of claim 6 or 7, which comprises the following steps:
ball-milling and mixing waste stone and/or graphite tailings, clay substances and a foaming agent to obtain a raw material of the heat-insulating layer, and then sintering and forming to obtain the heat-insulating layer; preferably, the time of ball milling is 2 to 8 hours;
mixing graphite tailings, cement, fine aggregate and water to obtain slurry, then coating the slurry on the surface of the heat-insulating layer, and drying to obtain the electric-heating heat-insulating integrated plate;
preferably, the drying is carried out under constant temperature and humidity conditions; more preferably, the constant temperature and humidity conditions include a temperature of 20-60 ℃ and a humidity of 40-90%.
9. The production method according to claim 8, wherein the production method further comprises: when the raw material of the heat-insulating layer is prepared, the waste rocks are crushed, ground and sieved, and the part which can pass through a 100-mesh sieve is used as the raw material; screening the graphite tailings to obtain a part which can pass through a 100-mesh sieve as a raw material; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
after the ball milling is finished, screening the material obtained by the ball milling, and taking undersize materials which can pass through a 100-mesh sieve as raw materials of the heat insulation layer.
10. The preparation method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the sintering is performed by raising the temperature to 700-1250 ℃ at a temperature raising rate of 4-10 ℃/min and maintaining the temperature for 0.5-10 hours.
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