CN114051961B - Large-scale deep open sea fixed type wind wave resistance cultivation platform - Google Patents

Large-scale deep open sea fixed type wind wave resistance cultivation platform Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114051961B
CN114051961B CN202111324407.6A CN202111324407A CN114051961B CN 114051961 B CN114051961 B CN 114051961B CN 202111324407 A CN202111324407 A CN 202111324407A CN 114051961 B CN114051961 B CN 114051961B
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netting
pipe structure
vertical
horizontal
outer frame
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CN114051961A (en
Inventor
李顺
刘刚
石强
刘祥建
姜福洪
王硕
邹文潇
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Dalian Shipbuilding Industry Co Ltd
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Dalian Shipbuilding Industry Co Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/60Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a large deep open sea fixed wind wave resistant cultivation platform, which relates to the field of offshore cultivation and comprises an external frame erected on the sea; the outer frame comprises a vertical pipe structure, a top horizontal pipe structure, a middle horizontal pipe structure and a bottom horizontal pipe structure; the through holes at the lower part of the outer frame are sealed through the lower part fixing netting; a liftable netting is arranged above the middle horizontal pipe structure and comprises a top horizontal netting and four lateral netting; the four lateral netting are all connected with the vertical pipe structure in a sliding way; the telescopic netting is used for covering the connecting gaps of the lateral netting and the top horizontal netting at the vertical pipe structure position; in the no-wind wave mode, the liftable netting is lifted to the highest point and is positioned near the lower part of the top horizontal pipe structure; in the stormy wave mode, the liftable netting descends to the lowest point and is positioned above and adjacent to the bottom horizontal pipe structure. The invention improves the utilization rate of the culture space of the offshore culture platform and can effectively resist stormy waves.

Description

Large-scale deep open sea fixed type wind wave resistance cultivation platform
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of mariculture, in particular to a large deep-open-sea fixed wind wave-resistant culture platform.
Background
Traditional farms typically place multiple small-volume cages in calm shallow water near the coast where the stormy conditions are mild and generally not subject to the extreme stormy threats caused by storms, typhoons, etc. But the disadvantages of offshore shallow water farming are also prominent, such as: the seawater has poor fluidity and is easier to deposit when being excreted by the cultured fish; the area available for offshore cultivation is limited, and the offshore cultivation is becoming saturated.
The advantages of offshore cultivation in deep sea compared with offshore shallow water cultivation are that the cultivation area is wider; the seawater has high fluidity under the action of ocean currents, and the seawater is more rich in natural foods for cultivating fishes; the larger water depth improves the effective aquaculture water space per water surface. The disadvantage is that the deep and open sea is generally an open sea area, the stormy waves are severe, the culture net cage and the platform structure need to resist the extremely stormy waves caused by storms, typhoons and the like, and the cost of the platform is obviously increased.
The existing culture net cage is generally small in single size, and large-scale culture is often formed by intensively installing a plurality of small net cages. The small net cage group mode has limited effect in reducing engineering cost of unit culture water body, and the whole economy is general.
The existing wind and wave resistant cultivation platform is characterized in that the net cage is used as an independent frame and integrally moves up and down with the platform through a lifting platform or an auxiliary equipment mechanism and the like, the cultivation platform is redundant in structure, the structural redundancy is obviously outstanding along with the increase of the volume of a single net cage, and the large-scale economy of the platform is poor.
The conventional wind wave-resistant cultivation platform avoids wind waves through temporary migration, repeated pile insertion and extraction is caused for temporary migration of a large-scale cultivation platform, on one hand, the equipment cost for realizing the pile insertion and extraction function of the cultivation platform is additionally generated, and on the other hand, the actual operation cost such as the matched tug use cost and the like required by temporary migration is additionally generated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a large deep open sea fixed wind and wave resistant cultivation platform so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A large deep open sea fixed type storm-resistant cultivation platform comprises an external frame which is in a hollow cuboid shape, wherein the external frame is supported and arranged above the sea bottom through a bottom-sitting connection structure;
The outer frame comprises a vertical pipe structure composed of a plurality of vertical pipes, the top of the vertical pipe structure is provided with a top horizontal pipe structure composed of a plurality of top horizontal pipes, the middle part of the vertical pipe structure is provided with a middle horizontal pipe structure composed of a plurality of middle horizontal pipes, and the bottom of the vertical pipe structure is provided with a bottom horizontal pipe structure composed of a plurality of bottom horizontal pipes;
the outer frame is fixedly provided with a lower fixed netting below the middle horizontal pipe structure, and through holes of the outer frame are sealed through the lower fixed netting;
A liftable netting is arranged above the middle horizontal pipe structure and is in a cover plate form and comprises a top horizontal netting and four lateral netting which are respectively and vertically connected below four sides of the top horizontal netting; the four lateral netting are all connected with the vertical pipe structure in a sliding way;
The top of the vertical pipe structure is also fixed with a telescopic netting which extends downwards to the middle horizontal pipe structure along the vertical pipe structure, and the telescopic netting is used for covering connecting gaps of the lateral netting and the top horizontal netting at the position of the vertical pipe structure;
In the no-wind wave mode, the liftable netting is lifted to the highest point and is positioned near the lower part of the top horizontal pipe structure;
in the stormy wave mode, the liftable netting descends to the lowest point and is positioned above and adjacent to the bottom horizontal pipe structure.
The vertical tube structure comprises 8 vertical tubes which are respectively positioned at four vertical edges of the outer frame and the middle position of two adjacent vertical edges.
The top horizontal tube structure comprises 6 top horizontal tubes which are respectively positioned at four edges of the top surface of the outer frame and at two symmetrical axes of the top surface of the outer frame.
The bottom horizontal pipe structure comprises 6 bottom horizontal pipes which are respectively positioned at four edges of the bottom surface of the outer frame and at two symmetrical shafts of the bottom surface of the outer frame.
The vertical pipe structure is connected with a vertical guide rail, a vertical long-strip limiting groove is formed in the guide rail, a sliding block is arranged in the limiting groove in a limiting mode, and the sliding block is connected to the lateral netting.
The top of scalable net welds in vertical tube structure, and scalable net's side is fixed in vertical steel cable, and vertical steel cable is fixed in the side of guide rail.
The bottom end of the vertical steel cable extends at least to the middle horizontal pipe structure.
The vertical pipe structure is also provided with a locking structure for locking the sliding block.
In a simple case, the whole liftable netting can be arranged inside the outer frame, so that the liftable netting can move up and down inside the outer frame, and the liftable netting is positioned inside the lower fixed netting during movement, so that the liftable netting cannot be blocked.
In addition, the method can be set as follows: the two symmetrical shafts on the top surface of the outer frame of the top horizontal netting quilt are symmetrically divided into four top separation netting which can move independently; the vertical symmetry axis in the middle of the two vertical edges at the outer part of each lateral netting quilt is divided into two lateral separation netting; wherein, every top separates the netting and connects in two side separation netting and form a separator, through such setting, the guide rail can set up in the outer frame outside, but the liftable netting also can set up in the outer frame outside, the operation of convenient removal.
When the wind waves are small, the liftable netting can be pushed to the top end like a box, and at the moment, the fish in the culture platform can have larger space for movement.
When the wind waves come, the liftable netting is pushed to the bottom end like a box, and at the moment, the fish in the culture platform is positioned below the sea surface, so that the fish is not easy to be impacted by the wind waves.
The wind wave is small in most times, so that the living environment of the fish is relatively large in most times. In the traditional technical field, a cultivation platform is usually adopted, which is arranged in an external frame and is used for cultivating in a cage area with a half of the space surrounded by the external frame, and then the cage is used for moving downwards to avoid wind waves. It can be seen that for an outer frame of the same volume, most of the time the farming space of the present invention occupies the whole frame, whereas in the conventional art only half.
The advantages of the present invention over the prior art are therefore:
1) The single cultivation platform can realize large cultivation water body, and the economy of large cultivation is better.
2) The net clothes can lift and avoid the storm load caused by extreme storms, so that the manufacturing cost of the platform generated by the additional net cage frame structure is reduced, and the cost of the platform functional equipment and the migration operation cost related to the storms are not required to be temporarily migrated and avoided.
3) The bottom netting is fixed, and the deformation is little, can reduce the damage to the cultured fish under extreme seawave weather to a greater extent.
4) The upper lifting netting can be designed to have a cross net type, so that the deformation of the netting can be reduced, and the water volume in a normal culture state can be improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a side view of a deep open sea stationary storm-resistant cultivation platform according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a top plan view of a deep open sea stationary storm-resistant cultivation platform according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of an intermediate layer of a deep-open-sea fixed storm-resistant cultivation platform according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a bottom horizontal cross-sectional view of the deep open sea stationary storm-resistant cultivation platform according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5-7 are partial schematic views of the connection of the netting of the deep-open-sea fixed storm-resistant cultivation platform and the main frame according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a vertical slide rail of a side netting of the deep-open-sea fixed storm-resistant cultivation platform according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a part of the top ends of adjacent vertical sliding rails of a deep-open-sea fixed storm-resistant cultivation platform according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a bottom fixed netting of a deep open sea fixed storm-resistant cultivation platform according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a side fixed netting of a deep open sea fixed storm-resistant cultivation platform according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a side liftable netting of a deep-open-sea fixed storm-resistant cultivation platform according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a top horizontal netting of a deep open sea stationary storm-resistant cultivation platform according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of lifting a side liftable netting of a deep-open-sea fixed storm-resistant cultivation platform according to an embodiment of the invention.
In the figure:
1. Vertical tube structure 2, top horizontal tube structure 3, bottom horizontal tube structure 4, middle horizontal double-row tube structure 5, bottom connection structure 6, functional shelter 7, first net, 8, second net, 9, third net, 10, fourth net, 11, fifth net, 12, first steel net, 13, first steel cable, 14, first eye plate, 15, second steel net, 16, second eye plate, 17, rubber layer, 18, third steel net, 19, fourth steel net, 20, tube structure 21, second steel cable, 22, block connection structure 23, vertical slideway, 24, fifth steel net, 25, sixth steel net, 26, third eye plate, 27, seventh steel net, 28, eighth steel net, 29, ninth steel net.
Detailed Description
The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 14, the deep-open-sea fixed type storm-resistant net cage platform structure of the present invention is divided into a platform main body frame, a bottom seat connecting structure, a net system, a net and platform frame connecting member and a net lifting system.
The platform main body frame comprises a vertical pipe structure 1, a top horizontal pipe structure 2, a bottom horizontal pipe structure 3 and a middle horizontal double-row pipe structure 4. The average draft of the platform operation is 30m, the maximum wave height is 10m, and the height of the middle horizontal double-row pipe structure 4 is comprehensively selected to be 22 m from the sea floor according to the maximum wave height and the water depth of the sea waves in the sea area. The bottom of the main body frame of the platform is provided with a bottom-sitting connecting structure 5, and the platform can be directly bottom-sitting or fixed on the seabed by the pile group of a plurality of pile legs hung on the bottom-sitting structure according to the geological conditions of the seabed, the marine environment conditions and the cultivation scale of the net cage of the platform; the corner points of the top of the frame corresponding to the bottom-sitting structure can be provided with functional shielding places 6 such as living buildings and the like to expand the functions of the platform.
The platform netting system comprises a first netting 7 and a second netting 8 which are respectively covered on the lower side surface and the bottom of a middle layer frame of the platform and are fixed on the lower part, a third liftable netting 9 arranged on the upper side surface of the middle layer frame of the platform and are arranged on the horizontal surface of the top, a fourth netting 10 arranged on the horizontal surface of the top, and a fifth telescopic netting 11 which is partially connected with the horizontal top netting and is used for lifting the side surfaces of the third liftable netting.
The connecting member of the netting and the platform frame comprises a first eye plate 14 which is structurally distributed on the bottom horizontal tube structure 3, a second eye plate 16 and a buffer rubber layer 17 which are structurally distributed on the middle horizontal double-row tube structure 4, a third eye plate 26 and a first steel cable 13 which are made of steel or polyester fiber ropes for binding which are structurally distributed on the top horizontal tube structure 2, and a vertical slideway 23 which is vertically arranged on the vertical tube structure 1.
The first steel net 12 is arranged at the joint of the bottom edge of the first net 7 fixed at the lower part of the side surface of the platform and the bottom horizontal second net 8, and the net at the joint is fixed on the first eye plate 14 which is connected with the net and the platform through the first steel cable 13, so that the bottom horizontal second net 8 is fixed on the bottom horizontal pipe structure 3 of the platform frame. The second steel net 15 arranged at the top edge of the first net 7 fixed at the lower part of the side surface of the platform penetrates through a series of nets distributed on the middle layer horizontal frame in a circumferential direction and is connected with the second eye plate 16 so as to fix the first net 7 fixed at the side surface on the platform frame. In order to control the gap between the second steel net 15 and the middle layer frame of the platform not to be larger than the mesh size of the net, on one hand, the number of the second eye plates 16 for fixing the net is increased, and the maximum distance between the free edges of the holes and the surface of the frame is reduced as much as possible, on the other hand, a circle of rubber layer 17 is laid on the horizontal frame along the second steel net 15 below the second eye plates 16. The third steel net lines 18 are distributed in the crisscross manner in the first net 7 at the side surface, the net is attached to the net lines, the fourth steel net lines 19 are distributed in the crisscross manner in the second net 8 at the bottom, and the net is attached to the net lines to form an integral fixed net.
The top and the bottom of the third net 9 with the liftable upper layer on the side surface of the platform are provided with a pipe structure 20 with an outer layer wrapping rubber buffer center and steel cables, and the two end parts of the pipe structure 20 are exposed out of the steel cables. The steel cables 21 are arranged on the two vertical sides of the third netting 9, and are connected in series with a series of block-shaped connecting structures 22 for connecting with the horizontal netting lines including the top and bottom sides, the steel cables 21 on the two vertical sides are arranged in the vertical slide ways 23 on the vertical frame structure 1, and the length of the vertical slide ways 23 below the middle horizontal frame 4 is slightly longer than the length above the middle horizontal frame 4 so as to ensure that the slide ways can provide guiding function for the normal lifting of the lifting netting 9. The vertical steel cables 21 and the horizontal pipe structure 20 form a framework in which criss-cross net lines 26 are arranged, and the net is attached to the net lines, so that the net is lifted and lowered from the side surface of the net lines 26.
The periphery boundary of the horizontal fourth netting 10 at the top of the platform is respectively a seventh steel net line 27 which is shared with the third netting 9 with the liftable side surface, and an eighth steel net line 28 between the vertical sliding rails. The netting is attached to the inner crisscross ninth steel wire mesh 29. The seventh steel net line 27 is connected with the liftable net clothes common-edge net line through a temporary braiding mode, so that the seventh steel net line is connected with the third net clothes 9 with liftable side surfaces, the third net clothes 9 is used as a jump net to prevent birds from attacking cultured fishes in a normal culture state, and storm working conditions are lowered together with the third net clothes 9 which can be lifted to be used as a part for preventing the cultured fishes from escaping. Meanwhile, the fourth netting 10 with the horizontal top can be detached in a normal cultivation state, so that the platform personnel can conveniently carry out leisure fishing.
The telescopic fifth netting 11 near each vertical slide rail has the function of eliminating gaps near each vertical slide rail 23 when the fourth netting 10 at the top of the platform and the third netting 9 with the liftable side are connected, so that the netting forms a closed purse net after being put down. The boundaries of the telescopic fifth netting 11 are vertically provided with fifth steel net lines 24, the fifth steel net lines 24 are fixed along the vertical slide ways 23 from the middle layer horizontal frame height to the top of the vertical slide ways 23, one side in the horizontal direction is provided with sixth steel net lines 25, the sixth steel net lines 25 are fixed along the circumferential direction of the vertical pipe structure 1 between the vertical slide ways 23, and the fifth steel net lines 24 and the sixth steel net lines 25 are fixed on the vertical slide ways 23 and the vertical pipe structure 1 in a discontinuous welding mode. The other horizontal side is connected to the top horizontal net 10 at the border near the vertical frame 2. The telescopic fifth netting 11 has no net lines inside, and enough allowance is reserved inside so as not to prevent the top fourth netting 10 from lifting and descending reciprocally between the top of the platform and the height of the middle frame.
The net lifting system realizes the up-and-down lifting of the liftable net, two ends of a second steel cable 21 which is vertical to each piece of lateral lifting net are connected by steel cables, fixed pulleys are arranged at the bottom end and the top end of a vertical slideway 23, and a hand winch is arranged at the top end of a platform corresponding to each slideway respectively to drive the steel cables to realize the up-and-down lifting of the traction side net.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention by making equivalents and modifications to the technical solution and the inventive concept thereof.

Claims (5)

1. The large deep open sea fixed type storm-resistant cultivation platform is characterized by comprising an external frame which is in a hollow cuboid shape, wherein the external frame is supported and arranged above the sea bottom through a bottom-supported connection structure;
The outer frame comprises a vertical pipe structure composed of a plurality of vertical pipes, the top of the vertical pipe structure is provided with a top horizontal pipe structure composed of a plurality of top horizontal pipes, the middle part of the vertical pipe structure is provided with a middle horizontal pipe structure composed of a plurality of middle horizontal pipes, and the bottom of the vertical pipe structure is provided with a bottom horizontal pipe structure composed of a plurality of bottom horizontal pipes;
The outer frame is fixedly provided with a lower fixed netting below the middle horizontal pipe structure, and through holes of the outer frame are sealed through the lower fixed netting;
a liftable netting is arranged above the middle horizontal pipe structure, is in a cover plate form, and comprises a top horizontal netting and four lateral netting which are respectively and vertically connected below four sides of the top horizontal netting; the four lateral netting are all connected with the vertical pipe structure in a sliding way;
The top of the vertical pipe structure is also fixedly provided with a telescopic netting which extends downwards to the middle horizontal pipe structure along the vertical pipe structure, and the telescopic netting is used for covering a connecting gap of the lateral netting and the top horizontal netting at the position of the vertical pipe structure;
In the no-wind wave mode, the liftable netting is lifted to the highest point and is positioned near and below the top horizontal pipe structure;
in the stormy wave mode, the liftable netting descends to the lowest point and is positioned above the vicinity of the bottom horizontal pipe structure;
The vertical pipe structure is connected with a vertical guide rail, a vertical strip-shaped limit groove is formed in the guide rail, a sliding block is arranged in the limit groove in a limiting mode, and the sliding block is connected with the lateral netting;
The top of the telescopic netting is welded to the vertical pipe structure, the side edge of the telescopic netting is fixed to a vertical steel cable, and the vertical steel cable is fixed to the side face of the guide rail;
the vertical pipe structure is also provided with a locking structure for locking the sliding block.
2. The large deep open sea stationary wind wave resistant cultivation platform according to claim 1, wherein the vertical pipe structure comprises 8 vertical pipes, which are respectively located at four vertical edges of the outer frame and at the middle position of two adjacent vertical edges.
3. The large deep open sea stationary wind wave resistant farming platform according to claim 2, wherein the top horizontal pipe structure comprises 6 top horizontal pipes located at four edges of the outer frame top surface and at two symmetry axes of the outer frame top surface, respectively.
4. A large open deep sea stationary wind wave resistant farming platform according to claim 3, wherein the bottom horizontal pipe structure comprises 6 bottom horizontal pipes located at four edges of the outer frame bottom surface and at two symmetry axes of the outer frame bottom surface, respectively.
5. The large open-sea stationary wind wave resistant farming platform according to claim 1, wherein the vertical steel cable bottom end extends at least to the intermediate horizontal pipe structure.
CN202111324407.6A 2021-11-10 2021-11-10 Large-scale deep open sea fixed type wind wave resistance cultivation platform Active CN114051961B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114885877B (en) * 2022-02-23 2024-03-29 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 Split type replaceable marine pasture net cage structure and in-situ operation and maintenance method thereof

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CN107079859A (en) * 2017-05-03 2017-08-22 江苏道达风电设备科技有限公司 A kind of floatation type net cage that bucket foundation is combined based on offshore wind turbine
WO2018094782A1 (en) * 2016-11-23 2018-05-31 清华大学深圳研究生院 Marine shellfish aquaculture net cage with steel structure and three-dimensional aquaculture system
CN110999837A (en) * 2019-12-18 2020-04-14 哈尔滨工程大学 Wind-wave-resistant deep sea aquaculture net cage
CN216961163U (en) * 2021-11-10 2022-07-15 大连船舶重工集团有限公司 Large-scale deep and open sea fixed type anti-wave breeding platform

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018094782A1 (en) * 2016-11-23 2018-05-31 清华大学深圳研究生院 Marine shellfish aquaculture net cage with steel structure and three-dimensional aquaculture system
CN107079859A (en) * 2017-05-03 2017-08-22 江苏道达风电设备科技有限公司 A kind of floatation type net cage that bucket foundation is combined based on offshore wind turbine
CN110999837A (en) * 2019-12-18 2020-04-14 哈尔滨工程大学 Wind-wave-resistant deep sea aquaculture net cage
CN216961163U (en) * 2021-11-10 2022-07-15 大连船舶重工集团有限公司 Large-scale deep and open sea fixed type anti-wave breeding platform

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