CN114031795B - Method for enhancing interfacial properties of carbon fiber resin matrix composite - Google Patents
Method for enhancing interfacial properties of carbon fiber resin matrix composite Download PDFInfo
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
- C08J5/06—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material using pretreated fibrous materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2363/00—Characterised by the use of epoxy resins; Derivatives of epoxy resins
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon fibers, and relates to a method for enhancing the interfacial properties of a carbon fiber resin matrix composite, wherein aminopyrene and pyrene butyric acid are respectively adsorbed on carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes through pi-pi interaction, amide bonds are formed under the action of a condensing agent, and the carbon nanotubes and polyetheramine are sequentially grafted on the surfaces of the carbon fibers, so that a nano-polymer multi-scale structure with a characteristic of rigid-flexible and soft is constructed, a brand-new design thought and method are provided for the interface modification research of the carbon fiber/epoxy resin matrix composite, and the rigid-flexible structure in the carbon fiber-epoxy resin interface can uniformly transfer external force and can generate chemical bonding action with epoxy chains, thereby providing the carbon fiber composite with improved interfacial properties.
Description
Technical field:
the invention belongs to the technical field of carbon fibers, and relates to a modification method of carbon fibers, in particular to a method for enhancing interfacial properties of a carbon fiber resin matrix composite.
The background technology is as follows:
the carbon fiber reinforced composite material has the outstanding performances of light weight, high specific strength, high specific rigidity and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of aviation aerospace, military industry, wind power and high-grade civil products.
The interface is an important component specific to the composite material, and is directly related to the effective transmission and dispersion of the load between the matrix and the reinforcement, and determines the mechanical properties of the composite material. Therefore, how to optimize the interface of the composite material is an important research direction for enhancing the performance research of the composite material. At present, the construction of a 'flexible-rigid' structure on the surface of carbon fibers, and the formation of a multi-scale reinforced interface layer in a composite material have proven to be an effective method for enhancing the interface performance of the carbon fiber composite material. However, the "flexible" polymers between the fibers and the "rigid" nanoparticles do not allow smooth gradient changes in modulus from matrix to fiber, do not allow good modulus matching, and can create some stress concentrations that disrupt the composite interfacial properties. In addition, most of the current methods for grafting nano materials and polymers on the surfaces of carbon fibers have the problems of complex reaction, complicated steps, influence on the strength of the body and the like.
The invention comprises the following steps:
the invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, solve the problem of low interfacial bonding strength of the traditional carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite material, and provide a novel method for simply, efficiently and nondestructively enhancing the interfacial properties of the carbon fiber resin matrix composite material by constructing a rigid-flexible structure.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the specific process for enhancing the interfacial properties of the carbon fiber resin matrix composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) extracting and treating carbon fibers: extracting the carbon fiber by using acetone as a cleaning agent to obtain the carbon fiber after the extraction treatment;
(2) Surface treatment of carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes:
(1) dissolving aminopyrene in N, N-dimethylformamide to obtain aminopyrene solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the carbon fiber subjected to extraction treatment in the aminopyrene solution, and drying to obtain treated carbon fiber;
(2) dissolving pyrene butyric acid in N, N-dimethylformamide to obtain pyrene butyric acid solution, dispersing carbon nanotubes in the pyrene butyric acid solution, performing ultrasonic treatment, stirring in a water bath, cooling to room temperature, performing suction filtration on a suspension of the carbon nanotubes by a filter membrane, and performing drying treatment to obtain treated carbon nanotubes;
(3) Carbon fiber grafted carbon nanotubes: firstly, ultrasonically dispersing the treated carbon nano tube in a beaker containing N, N-dimethylformamide to obtain a dispersion liquid, then, immersing the treated carbon fiber in the dispersion liquid, then, adding 2- (7-azabenzotriazol) -N, N, N ', N' -tetramethylurea hexafluorophosphate for ultrasonic dissolution, and finally, drying to obtain the carbon fiber grafted with the carbon nano tube;
(4) Polyether amine is introduced to the surface of the carbon fiber grafted with the carbon nano tube: adding the carbon fiber grafted with the carbon nano tube into a beaker containing N, N-dimethylformamide of polyetheramine, adding 2- (7-aza-benzotriazol) -N, N, N ', N' -tetramethyl urea hexafluorophosphate, soaking at normal temperature, taking out and drying in vacuum to obtain the carbon fiber with the rigid-flexible structure on the surface, and enhancing the interface performance of the carbon fiber resin matrix composite material by constructing the rigid-flexible structure on the surface of the carbon fiber.
The process for extracting the carbon fiber in the step (1) comprises the following steps:
(1) putting the carbon fiber into a Soxhlet extractor filled with acetone, heating the acetone to 75-85 ℃, continuously evaporating the acetone, condensing the acetone in the Soxhlet extractor, continuously cleaning impurities on the surface of the carbon fiber in the distilled acetone for 48-72 h, and obtaining the carbon fiber with the surface epoxy coating removed;
(2) and drying the carbon fiber with the surface epoxy coating removed at the temperature of 70-80 ℃ for 2-4 hours to obtain the carbon fiber after the extraction treatment.
The volume ratio of the mass of the aminopyrene to the N, N-dimethylformamide in the step (2) (1) is 0.312g (20-30 mL); the volume ratio of the mass of the carbon fiber to the N, N-dimethylformamide is (0.2 g-0.4 g) (20 mL-30 mL); the power of the ultrasonic treatment is 280W-350W, and the time of the ultrasonic treatment is 1 h-2 h.
The volume ratio of the mass of the pyrene butyric acid to the N, N-dimethylformamide in the step (2) (2) is 0.25g (20-30 mL), and the volume ratio of the mass of the carbon nano tube to the N, N-dimethylformamide is (0.6-0.8 g) (20-30 mL); the power of the ultrasonic treatment is 280-350W, and the time of the ultrasonic treatment is 2-4 h; the stirring temperature of the water bath is 50 ℃ and the time is 3-4 hours; the filter membrane is a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane with the thickness of 0.45 mu m, the drying temperature is 80-90 ℃, and the drying time is 8-12 h.
The volume ratio of the mass of the carbon nano tube to the N, N-dimethylformamide in the step (3) is (0.1 g-0.2 g) (20 mL-30 mL); the power of the ultrasonic treatment is 280W-350W, and the time of the ultrasonic treatment is 1h; the volume ratio of the mass of the 2- (7-aza-benzotriazol) -N, N, N ', N' -tetramethyl urea hexafluorophosphate to the N, N-dimethylformamide is (0.01 g-0.02 g) (20 mL-30 mL); the volume ratio of the mass of the treated carbon fiber to the N, N-dimethylformamide is (0.2 g-0.4 g) (20 mL-30 mL); the dipping time is 1-2 h, the drying temperature is 80-90 ℃ and the drying time is 10-12 h.
The volume ratio of the mass of the polyether amine to the N, N-dimethylformamide in the step (4) is (0.1 g-0.2 g) (100 ml-200 ml); the mass ratio of the polyether amine to the carbon fiber grafted with the carbon nano tube is (0.1 g-0.2 g) (0.2 g-0.4 g); the volume ratio of the mass of the 2- (7-aza-benzotriazol) -N, N, N ', N' -tetramethyl urea hexafluorophosphate to the N, N-dimethylformamide is (0.01 g-0.02 g) (20 mL-30 mL); the dipping time is 15min, the drying temperature is 80-90 ℃ and the drying time is 10-12 h, and the polyether amine is introduced into the surface of the carbon fiber of the grafted carbon nano tube.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the carbon fiber, the carbon nanotube and the pyrene derivative are utilized to establish pi-pi interaction, a nano-polymer composite structure with the characteristic of 'hardness and softness and balance' is constructed on the surface of the carbon fiber, a multi-scale gradient modulus interface layer capable of effectively dispersing stress and balancing modulus is constructed, the pyrene derivative is used as a 'bridge', the surface grafting of the carbon fiber is realized through pi-pi interaction, the complex oxidation activation process is replaced, and the damage to the inherent strength of the carbon fiber is avoided; the rigid-flexible structure can enhance the surface roughness and specific surface area of the fiber to enhance the mechanical interlocking of the resin, the surface reactive groups can generate chemical bond action with the resin, the physical and chemical action of the interface area is more sufficient, the polymer chain goes deep into the matrix to participate in the curing process of the resin and is tightly entangled with the resin chain to form a wider and thicker interface transition layer, and the crack propagation path is increased, so that the aim of enhancing the interface performance of the composite material is fulfilled.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adsorbs aminopyrene and pyrene butyric acid on carbon fiber and carbon nano tube respectively through pi-pi interaction, forms amide bond under the action of condensing agent, and grafts carbon nano tube and polyether amine on the surface of carbon fiber in turn, thus constructing nano-polymer multi-scale structure with characteristics of hardness and softness, providing brand new design thought and method for carbon fiber/epoxy resin based composite material interface modification research, and the structure of rigidity-flexibility in carbon fiber-epoxy resin interface can uniformly transfer external force and can generate chemical bonding action with epoxy chain, thereby providing carbon fiber composite material with improved interface performance, and the process is simple and has no damage to carbon fiber body.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a full spectrum of XPS of the carbon fiber after the extraction treatment obtained in the step (1) and the step (2) of the embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a peak-split diagram after the extraction treatment obtained in the step (1) of the embodiment 1 of the present invention, wherein 1 is C1s (1), 2 is C1s (2), and 3 is C1s (3);
FIG. 3 is a full spectrum of the grafted carbon nanotube carbon fiber obtained in the step (3) of the embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a peak-splitting diagram of a carbon fiber grafted with carbon nanotubes obtained in step (3) of example 1 of the present invention, wherein 4 is C-N,5 is c=o, 6 is N-c=o, 7 is COOH, and 8 is pi-pi;
FIG. 5 is a full spectrum of CF-CNTs-PEA obtained in step (4) of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a peak-splitting diagram of CF-CNTs-PEA obtained in step (4) of example 1 of the present invention, wherein 4 is C-N and 6 is N-C=O;
FIG. 7 is an SEM image of the carbon fiber after the extraction treatment obtained in the steps (1) and (2), according to example 1 of the present invention; (b) SEM images of the carbon fibers grafted with the carbon nanotubes obtained in the step (3); (c) SEM image of CF-CNTs-PEA obtained in step (4);
FIG. 8 is a TEM image of the carbon fiber after the extraction treatment obtained in the steps (1) and (2) according to the embodiment 1 of the present invention; (b) A TEM image of the carbon fibers of the grafted carbon nanotubes obtained in the step (3); (c) TEM image of CF-CNTs-PEA obtained in step (4);
FIG. 9 is a bar graph of interfacial shear strength according to example 1 of the present invention, wherein 1 is untreated carbon fiber, 2 is carbon fiber after extraction treatment obtained in step (1) (2), 3 is carbon fiber grafted with carbon nanotubes obtained in step (3), and 4 is CF-CNTs-PEA obtained in step (4);
FIG. 10 is a graph showing tensile strength of transverse fibers according to example 1 of the present invention, wherein 1 is untreated carbon fibers, 2 is carbon fibers after the extraction treatment obtained in step (1) (2), 3 is carbon fibers grafted with carbon nanotubes obtained in step (3), and 4 is CF-CNTs-PEA obtained in step (4).
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
the specific process of enhancing the interfacial property of the carbon fiber resin matrix composite by constructing the rigid-flexible structure in the embodiment is as follows:
(1) And (3) extracting and treating carbon fibers:
(1) putting 1.5g of carbon fiber into a Soxhlet extractor filled with acetone, heating the acetone to 80 ℃, continuously evaporating the acetone, condensing the acetone in the Soxhlet extractor, and continuously cleaning impurities on the surface of the carbon fiber in the distilled acetone for 72 hours to obtain the carbon fiber with the surface epoxy coating removed;
(2) drying the carbon fiber with the surface epoxy coating removed at 80 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the carbon fiber after extraction treatment;
(2) Surface modification of carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes:
(1) dissolving 0.312g of Aminopyrene (AP) in 20ml of N, N-dimethylformamide by ultrasonic treatment to obtain an aminopyrene solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment on 0.3g of carbon fiber subjected to extraction treatment in the aminopyrene solution for 1h, and drying at 80 ℃ for 12h to obtain treated carbon fiber (CF-AP);
(2) dissolving 0.25g of Pyrene Butyric Acid (PBA) in 20ml of N, N-dimethylformamide by ultrasonic treatment to obtain pyrene butyric acid solution, dispersing 0.7g of carbon nano tubes in the pyrene butyric acid solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 4 hours, stirring in a water bath at 50 ℃ for 3 hours, cooling to room temperature, carrying out suction filtration on a suspension of the carbon nano tubes by a polytetrafluoroethylene film at 0.45 mu m, and drying at 80 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain treated carbon nano tubes (CNTs-PBA);
the power of the ultrasonic treatment in the step (2) is 350W;
(3) Carbon fiber grafted carbon nanotubes:
adding 0.15g of CNT-PBA into a beaker filled with 20ml of N, N-dimethylformamide, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1h under the power of 350W to obtain a dispersion liquid, then dipping 0.3g of treated carbon fiber (CF-AP) into the dispersion liquid for 2h, then adding 0.02g of 2- (7-azabenzotriazol) -N, N, N ', N' -tetramethylurea hexafluorophosphate serving as a condensing agent for ultrasonic dissolution, and finally drying at 80 ℃ for 12h to obtain carbon fiber (CF-CNTs) grafted with carbon nano tubes;
(4) Grafting polyether amine on the surface of CF-CNTs:
0.3g of CF-CNTs was added to a beaker of 200ml of DMF containing 0.2g of polyetheramine, 0.02g of HATU was added thereto, immersed at room temperature for 15 minutes, taken out, and dried under vacuum at 80℃for 12 hours to obtain carbon fibers having a surface structured with a rigid-flexible structure, designated as CF-CNTs-PEA.
In this example, the carbon fiber (CF-AP) after the extraction treatment, the carbon fiber (CF-CNTs) grafted with carbon nanotubes, and the carbon fiber (CF-CNTs-PEA) with a rigid-flexible structure constructed on the surface were tested and analyzed, and the results are shown in fig. 1-10, and as can be seen from fig. 1-6, the N element peak appears in the full spectrum after grafting CNTs on the carbon fiber surface, and a new peak of o=c-N appears in the peak splitting diagram of CF-CNTs at a binding energy of 287.9eV, and in addition, the appearance of pi-pi peak means pi-pi interaction of the conjugated aromatic structure; from the peak-splitting plot of CF-CNTs-PEA, it can be seen that the o=c-N content increases from 2.6% to 11.7%, new bonds (o=c-N) are formed between the carboxyl groups of CF-CNTs and the primary amino groups of polyetheramines, these results indicating that polyetheramines have been successfully polymerized and grafted onto carbon fiber surfaces;
as can be seen from FIGS. 7 to 8, the untreated carbon fiber has a neat and smooth surface with a few shallow and narrow grooves along the longitudinal direction, while for carbon fibers grafted with CNTs, CNTs are distributed on the surface of the carbon fiber in different directions, the surface roughness is significantly increased, which is beneficial to increasing the mechanical interaction between the carbon fiber and the resin, which is beneficial to increasing the bonding capability between the fiber and the resin; for CF-CNTs-PEA, carbon fibers and CNTs are wrapped by a polymer, and part of CNTs extend to the outside of the polymer, a 'flexible-rigid' reinforced structure is formed on the surface of the carbon fibers, the 'rigid-flexible' structure enhances the chemical bonding effect between the carbon fibers and resin due to a large number of amino functional groups while increasing the mechanical interlocking effect with a matrix, and flexible molecular chains can participate in the curing of the resin to form a crosslinked network structure so as to enhance the interface performance of the composite material;
as can be seen from fig. 9, the interfacial shear strength (IFSS) after grafting CNTs on carbon fiber is increased from 48.8MPa to 83.5MPa of the precursor, which is increased by 71.1% because the carbon fiber surface contains amino groups after grafting CNTs and PEA, which can form covalent bonds with epoxy groups in the matrix, and in addition, the enhancement of the surface roughness of the fiber can enhance the mechanical interlocking action of the fiber and the matrix, which significantly improves the interfacial properties of the composite material;
as can be seen from FIG. 10, the transverse Tensile (TFB) strength of the CF-CNTs-PEA composite material is 31.3MPa, 89.7% is increased compared with CF (16.5 MPa), the construction of the rigid-flexible combination structure increases the thickness of the interface layer, can relieve or eliminate the residual stress of the interface, enlarges the crack propagation path, can effectively absorb or deflect micro cracks, and inhibits the expansion of the tip of the micro cracks, thereby further improving the interface performance of the composite material.
Example 2:
the specific process of enhancing the interfacial property of the carbon fiber resin matrix composite by constructing the rigid-flexible structure in the embodiment is as follows:
(1) And (3) extracting and treating carbon fibers:
(1) putting 1.5g of carbon fiber into a Soxhlet extractor filled with acetone, heating the acetone to 80 ℃, continuously evaporating the acetone, condensing the acetone in the Soxhlet extractor, and continuously cleaning impurities on the surface of the carbon fiber in the distilled acetone for 72 hours to obtain the carbon fiber with the surface epoxy coating removed;
(2) drying the carbon fiber with the surface epoxy coating removed at 80 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the carbon fiber after extraction treatment;
(2) Surface modification of carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes:
(1) dissolving 0.312g of Aminopyrene (AP) in 20ml of N, N-dimethylformamide by ultrasonic treatment to obtain an aminopyrene solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment on 0.2g of carbon fiber subjected to extraction treatment in the aminopyrene solution for 1h, and drying at 80 ℃ for 12h to obtain treated carbon fiber (CF-AP);
(2) dissolving 0.25g of Pyrene Butyric Acid (PBA) in 20ml of N, N-dimethylformamide respectively through ultrasonic treatment to obtain pyrene butyric acid solution, dispersing 0.6g of carbon nano tube in the pyrene butyric acid solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 2 hours, then stirring in a water bath at 50 ℃ for 3 hours, cooling to room temperature, carrying out suction filtration on a suspension of the carbon nano tube through a polytetrafluoroethylene film at 0.45 mu m, and drying at 80 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain a treated carbon nano tube (CNTs-PBA);
the power of the ultrasonic treatment in the step (2) is 280W;
(3) Carbon fiber grafted carbon nanotubes:
firstly adding 0.1g of CNT-PBA into a beaker filled with 20ml of N, N-dimethylformamide, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1h under the power of 280W to obtain a dispersion liquid, then dipping 0.2g of CF-AP into the dispersion liquid for 1h, then ultrasonically dissolving 0.01g of 2- (7-azabenzotriazol) -N, N, N ', N' -tetramethyl urea hexafluorophosphate serving as a condensing agent into DMF solution containing CNTs-PBA, and finally drying at 80 ℃ for 12h to obtain CF-CNTs;
(4) Grafting polyether amine on the surface of CF-CNTs:
0.2g of CF-CNTs was added to a beaker containing 0.1g of polyetheramine in 100ml of DMF, 0.01g of HATU was added thereto, immersed for 15 minutes at normal temperature, taken out and dried under vacuum at 80℃for 12 hours to obtain CF-CNTs-PEA.
The carbon fiber is subjected to tests and analysis on elements before and after modification, microscopic morphology before and after modification of the carbon fiber, carbon fiber interface shear strength and carbon fiber transverse fiber bundle stretching experiments, and the results are as follows:
elemental change before and after carbon fiber modification: the O=C-N content of the surface of the CF-CNTs is 1.75 percent, and the O=C-N content of the CF-CNTs-PEA is increased to 10.8 percent;
microscopic morphology changes before and after carbon fiber modification: the number of the surface grafted carbon nano tubes is reduced after the fibers are oxidized, and introduced polymers are reduced;
analysis of interfacial shear strength of carbon fiber: the interfacial shear strength (IFSS) is improved from 48.8MPa of the precursor to 73.4MPa, and is improved by 50.4%;
transverse fiber bundle tensile experimental analysis of carbon fibers: the transverse stretching (TFB) strength is improved from 16.5MPa to 29.8MPa, and the transverse stretching (TFB) strength is improved by 80.6%.
Claims (6)
1. The method for enhancing the interfacial properties of the carbon fiber resin matrix composite is characterized by comprising the following specific processes:
(1) And (3) extracting and treating carbon fibers: extracting the carbon fiber by using acetone as a cleaning agent to obtain the extracted carbon fiber;
(2) Surface treatment of carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes:
(1) dissolving aminopyrene in N, N-dimethylformamide to obtain aminopyrene solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the carbon fiber subjected to extraction treatment in the aminopyrene solution, and drying to obtain treated carbon fiber;
(2) dissolving pyrene butyric acid in N, N-dimethylformamide to obtain pyrene butyric acid solution, dispersing carbon nanotubes in the pyrene butyric acid solution, performing ultrasonic treatment, stirring in a water bath, cooling to room temperature, performing suction filtration on a suspension of the carbon nanotubes by a filter membrane, and performing drying treatment to obtain treated carbon nanotubes;
(3) Carbon fiber grafted carbon nanotubes: firstly, ultrasonically dispersing the treated carbon nano tube in a beaker containing N, N-dimethylformamide to obtain a dispersion liquid, then, immersing the treated carbon fiber in the dispersion liquid, then, adding 2- (7-azabenzotriazol) -N, N, N ', N' -tetramethylurea hexafluorophosphate for ultrasonic dissolution, and finally, drying to obtain the carbon fiber grafted with the carbon nano tube;
(4) Polyether amine is introduced to the surface of the carbon fiber grafted with the carbon nano tube: adding the carbon fiber grafted with the carbon nano tube into a beaker containing N, N-dimethylformamide of polyetheramine, adding 2- (7-aza-benzotriazole) -N, N, N ', N' -tetramethyl urea hexafluorophosphate, soaking at normal temperature, taking out and drying in vacuum to obtain the carbon fiber with the surface constructed rigid-flexible structure, and reinforcing the interface performance of the carbon fiber resin matrix composite material by constructing the rigid-flexible structure on the surface of the carbon fiber.
2. The method for enhancing interfacial properties of a carbon fiber resin matrix composite material according to claim 1, wherein the process of extracting the carbon fiber in step (1) comprises:
(1) placing the carbon fiber into a Soxhlet extractor filled with acetone, heating the acetone to 75-85 ℃, continuously evaporating the acetone, condensing the acetone in the Soxhlet extractor, and continuously cleaning impurities on the surface of the carbon fiber in the distilled acetone for 48-72 hours to obtain the carbon fiber with the surface epoxy coating removed;
(2) and drying the carbon fiber with the surface epoxy coating removed at the temperature of 70-80 ℃ for 2-4 hours to obtain the carbon fiber after the extraction treatment.
3. The method for enhancing interfacial properties of a carbon fiber resin matrix composite material according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the mass of aminopyrene to the volume of N, N-dimethylformamide in the step (2) (1) is 0.312g (20 mL-30 mL); the volume ratio of the mass of the carbon fiber to the N, N-dimethylformamide is (0.2 g-0.4 g) (20 mL-30 mL); the power of ultrasonic treatment is 280W-350W, and the time of ultrasonic treatment is 1 h-2 h.
4. The method for enhancing the interfacial properties of the carbon fiber resin matrix composite material according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the mass of pyrene butyric acid to N, N-dimethylformamide in the step (2) (2) is 0.25g (20 mL-30 mL), and the volume ratio of the mass of carbon nanotubes to N, N-dimethylformamide is (0.6 g-0.8 g) (20 mL-30 mL); the power of the ultrasonic treatment is 280W-350W, and the time of the ultrasonic treatment is 2 h-4 h; the stirring temperature of the water bath is 50 ℃ and the time is 3-4 hours; the filter membrane is a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane with the thickness of 0.45 mu m, the drying temperature is 80-90 ℃, and the drying time is 8-12 hours.
5. The method for enhancing interfacial properties of a carbon fiber resin-based composite material according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the mass of the treated carbon nanotubes to the N, N-dimethylformamide in the step (3) is (0.1 g-0.2 g): (20 mL-30 mL); the power of the ultrasonic treatment is 280W-350W, and the time of the ultrasonic treatment is 1h; the volume ratio of the mass of the 2- (7-aza-benzotriazol) -N, N, N ', N' -tetramethyl urea hexafluorophosphate to the N, N-dimethylformamide is (0.01 g-0.02 g) (20 mL-30 mL); the volume ratio of the mass of the treated carbon fiber to the N, N-dimethylformamide is (0.2 g-0.4 g) (20 mL-30 mL); the soaking time is 1-2 h, the drying temperature is 80-90 ℃, and the drying time is 10-12 h.
6. The method for enhancing the interfacial properties of the carbon fiber resin matrix composite material according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the mass of the polyetheramine to the N, N-dimethylformamide in the step (4) is (0.1 g-0.2 g) (100 ml-200 ml); the mass ratio of the polyether amine to the carbon fiber grafted with the carbon nano tube is (0.1 g-0.2 g) (0.2 g-0.4 g); the volume ratio of the mass of the 2- (7-aza-benzotriazol) -N, N, N ', N' -tetramethyl urea hexafluorophosphate to the N, N-dimethylformamide is (0.01 g-0.02 g) (20 mL-30 mL); the soaking time is 15min, and the drying time is 10-12 h at the temperature of 80-90 ℃.
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