CN114031795A - Method for enhancing interface performance of carbon fiber resin matrix composite material - Google Patents
Method for enhancing interface performance of carbon fiber resin matrix composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN114031795A CN114031795A CN202111061262.5A CN202111061262A CN114031795A CN 114031795 A CN114031795 A CN 114031795A CN 202111061262 A CN202111061262 A CN 202111061262A CN 114031795 A CN114031795 A CN 114031795A
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
- C08J5/06—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material using pretreated fibrous materials
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- C08J2363/00—Characterised by the use of epoxy resins; Derivatives of epoxy resins
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon fibers, and relates to a method for enhancing the interface performance of a carbon fiber resin matrix composite material, which comprises the steps of adsorbing aminopyrene and pyrene butyric acid on carbon fibers and carbon nano tubes through pi-pi interaction respectively, amide bonds are formed under the action of a condensing agent, the carbon nano tubes and the polyether amine are grafted to the surface of the carbon fiber in sequence, a nano-polymer multi-scale structure with the characteristics of 'hardness and softness' is constructed, a brand new design idea and a method are provided for the interface modification research of the carbon fiber/epoxy resin matrix composite material, and the rigid-flexible structure in the carbon fiber-epoxy resin interface can uniformly transmit external force and can have chemical bonding effect with the epoxy chain, thereby providing the carbon fiber composite material with improved interface performance, and the process is simple and has no damage to the carbon fiber body.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of carbon fibers, relates to a method for modifying carbon fibers, and particularly relates to a method for enhancing the interface performance of a carbon fiber resin matrix composite material.
Background art:
the carbon fiber reinforced composite material has outstanding performances of light weight, high specific strength, high specific stiffness and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of aviation, military industry, wind power and high-grade civil products.
The interface is the special important component of the composite material, and is directly related to the effective transmission and dispersion of the load between the matrix and the reinforcement, so as to determine the mechanical property of the composite material. Therefore, how to optimize the interface of the composite material is a key research direction for enhancing the performance of the composite material. At present, a flexible-rigid structure is constructed on the surface of carbon fiber, and a multi-scale reinforced interface layer is formed in a composite material, so that the method is proved to be an effective method for enhancing the interface performance of the carbon fiber composite material. However, the "flexible" polymer between the fibers and the "rigid" nanoparticles does not allow for a smooth gradient in modulus from matrix to fiber, does not allow for a good modulus match, and creates some stress concentration that destroys the interfacial properties of the composite. In addition, the existing method for grafting the nano material and the polymer on the surface of most carbon fibers has the problems of complex reaction, complicated steps, influence on body strength and the like.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, solve the problem of low interface bonding strength of the existing carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite material, provide a novel method for simply, efficiently and nondestructively enhancing the interface performance of the carbon fiber resin matrix composite material, and enhance the interface performance of the carbon fiber resin matrix composite material by constructing a rigid-flexible structure.
In order to achieve the purpose, the specific process for enhancing the interfacial property of the carbon fiber resin matrix composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) extraction treatment of carbon fibers: extracting the carbon fiber by using acetone as a cleaning agent to obtain the extracted carbon fiber;
(2) surface treatment of carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes:
dissolving aminopyrene in N, N-dimethylformamide to obtain an aminopyrene solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the carbon fiber subjected to extraction treatment in the aminopyrene solution, and drying to obtain a treated carbon fiber;
dissolving pyrenebutyric acid in N, N-dimethylformamide to obtain pyrenebutyric acid solution, dispersing the carbon nano tube in the pyrenebutyric acid solution, performing ultrasonic treatment, stirring in a water bath, cooling to room temperature, performing suction filtration on a suspension of the carbon nano tube through a filter membrane, and drying to obtain a treated carbon nano tube;
(3) carbon fiber grafting carbon nanotube: ultrasonically dispersing the treated carbon nano tube in a beaker containing N, N-dimethylformamide to obtain a dispersion liquid, soaking the treated carbon fiber in the dispersion liquid, adding 2- (7-azabenzotriazole) -N, N, N ', N' -tetramethylurea hexafluorophosphate for ultrasonic dissolution, and finally drying to obtain the carbon fiber grafted with the carbon nano tube;
(4) introducing polyether amine to the surface of the carbon fiber grafted with the carbon nanotube: adding carbon fibers grafted with carbon nanotubes into a beaker of N, N-dimethylformamide containing polyetheramine, adding 2- (7-azabenzotriazazole) -N, N, N ', N' -tetramethylurea hexafluorophosphate, soaking at normal temperature, taking out, and vacuum drying to obtain carbon fibers with a rigid-flexible structure built on the surface, wherein the interface performance of the carbon fiber resin matrix composite material is enhanced by building the rigid-flexible structure on the surface of the carbon fibers.
The process of extracting the carbon fiber in the step (1) of the invention comprises the following steps:
putting carbon fibers into a Soxhlet extractor filled with acetone, heating the acetone to 75-85 ℃, continuously evaporating the acetone and condensing in the Soxhlet extractor, continuously cleaning impurities on the surfaces of the carbon fibers in the distilled acetone for 48-72 hours to obtain the carbon fibers with the epoxy coatings on the surfaces removed;
secondly, drying the carbon fiber with the epoxy coating removed on the surface for 2 to 4 hours at the temperature of between 70 and 80 ℃ to obtain the carbon fiber after extraction treatment.
In the step (2), the volume ratio of the mass of aminopyrene to N, N-dimethylformamide is 0.312g (20-30 mL); the volume ratio of the mass of the carbon fiber to the N, N-dimethylformamide is (0.2 g-0.4 g) to (20 mL-30 mL); the power of ultrasonic treatment is 280W-350W, and the time of ultrasonic treatment is 1 h-2 h.
In the step (2), the volume ratio of the mass of pyrenebutyric acid to the volume of N, N-dimethylformamide is 0.25g (20 mL-30 mL), and the volume ratio of the mass of carbon nano tube to the volume of N, N-dimethylformamide is (0.6 g-0.8 g) to (20 mL-30 mL); the power of ultrasonic treatment is 280W-350W, and the time of ultrasonic treatment is 2 h-4 h; the water bath stirring temperature is 50 ℃, and the time is 3-4 h; the filter membrane is a 0.45 mu m polytetrafluoroethylene membrane, the drying temperature is 80-90 ℃, and the drying time is 8-12 h.
In the step (3), the volume ratio of the mass of the carbon nano tube to the N, N-dimethylformamide is (0.1-0.2 g) to (20-30 mL); the power of ultrasonic treatment is 280W-350W, and the time of ultrasonic treatment is 1 h; the volume ratio of the mass of the 2- (7-azabenzotriazole) -N, N, N ', N' -tetramethylurea hexafluorophosphate to the volume of the N, N-dimethylformamide is (0.01 g-0.02 g): 20 mL-30 mL); the volume ratio of the mass of the treated carbon fiber to the N, N-dimethylformamide is (0.2 g-0.4 g) to (20 mL-30 mL); the dipping time is 1 h-2 h, the drying temperature is 80-90 ℃, and the drying time is 10 h-12 h.
The volume ratio of the mass of the polyether amine to the volume of the N, N-dimethyl formamide in the step (4) is (0.1 g-0.2 g) to (100 ml-200 ml); the mass ratio of the polyether amine to the carbon fiber grafted with the carbon nano tube is (0.1 g-0.2 g) to (0.2 g-0.4 g); the volume ratio of the mass of the 2- (7-azabenzotriazole) -N, N, N ', N' -tetramethylurea hexafluorophosphate to the volume of the N, N-dimethylformamide is (0.01 g-0.02 g): 20 mL-30 mL); the dipping time is 15min, the drying temperature is 80-90 ℃, and the drying time is 10-12 h, so that the carbon fiber surface introduced polyether amine of the grafted carbon nano tube is obtained.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the carbon fiber and the carbon nano tube are utilized to establish pi-pi interaction with pyrene derivatives, a nano-polymer composite structure with the characteristics of ' rigidity and flexibility are constructed on the surface of the carbon fiber, a multi-scale gradient modulus interface layer capable of effectively dispersing stress and balancing modulus is constructed, the pyrene derivatives are used as a ' bridge ', the surface grafting of the carbon fiber is realized through the pi-pi interaction, not only is the complex oxidation activation process replaced, but also the damage to the inherent strength of the carbon fiber is avoided; and the rigid-flexible structure can enhance the roughness and the specific surface area of the surface of the fiber to enhance the mechanical interlocking of the resin, the reactive group on the surface can generate chemical bonding action with the resin, the physical and chemical action of the interface area is more sufficient, the polymer chain extends into the matrix, participates in the curing process of the resin and is tightly entangled with the resin chain to form a wider and thicker interface transition layer, the crack propagation path is increased, and the purpose of enhancing the interface performance of the composite material is achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adsorbs aminopyrene and pyrenebutyric acid on carbon fiber and carbon nano tube through pi-pi interaction respectively, forms amido bond under the action of a condensing agent, grafts the carbon nano tube and polyether amine on the surface of the carbon fiber in sequence, constructs a nano-polymer multi-scale structure with the characteristic of 'rigidity and flexibility', provides brand new design idea and method for the interface modification research of carbon fiber/epoxy resin matrix composite material, and the 'rigid-flexible' structure in the carbon fiber-epoxy resin interface can uniformly transmit external force and can generate chemical bonding action with an epoxy chain, thereby providing the carbon fiber composite material with improved interface performance, and the invention has simple process and no damage to the carbon fiber body.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a XPS full spectrum of carbon fiber after extraction treatment obtained in step (1) of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a peak separation diagram after the extraction treatment obtained in step (1) of example 1 of the present invention, wherein 1 is C1s (1), 2 is C1s (2), and 3 is C1s (3);
FIG. 3 is a full spectrum diagram of the carbon fiber grafted with carbon nanotubes obtained in step (3) of example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a peak separation diagram of the carbon fiber grafted with carbon nanotubes obtained in step (3) of example 1 of the present invention, where 4 is C — N, 5 is C ═ O, 6 is N — C ═ O, 7 is COOH, and 8 is pi-pi ×;
FIG. 5 is a full spectrum of CF-CNTs-PEA obtained in step (4) of example 1 according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a peak separation chart of CF-CNTs-PEA obtained in step (4) of example 1 according to the present invention, wherein 4 is C-N, and 6 is N-C ═ O;
FIG. 7 is an SEM photograph relating to example 1 of the present invention, wherein (a) is an SEM photograph of the carbon fiber after the extraction treatment obtained in step (1); (b) is SEM image of the carbon fiber grafted with carbon nano tube obtained in the step (3); (c) an SEM image of the CF-CNTs-PEA obtained in the step (4);
FIG. 8 is a TEM image of the carbon fiber after the extraction treatment obtained in step (1) and referring to example 1 of the present invention, wherein (a) is a TEM image of the carbon fiber after the extraction treatment obtained in step (1); (b) a TEM image of the carbon fiber grafted with carbon nanotubes obtained in step (3); (c) a TEM image of the CF-CNTs-PEA obtained in the step (4);
FIG. 9 is a histogram of interfacial shear strength according to example 1 of the present invention, in which 1 is untreated carbon fiber, 2 is extracted carbon fiber obtained in step (1), 3 is carbon fiber grafted with carbon nanotubes obtained in step (3), and 4 is CF-CNTs-PEA obtained in step (4);
FIG. 10 is a bar graph of the tensile strength of the transverse fibers in example 1 of the present invention, in which 1 is untreated carbon fibers, 2 is extracted carbon fibers obtained in step (1), 3 is carbon fibers grafted with carbon nanotubes obtained in step (3), and 4 is CF-CNTs-PEA obtained in step (4).
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
in this embodiment, a specific process for enhancing the interfacial properties of the carbon fiber resin matrix composite material by constructing a rigid-flexible structure is as follows:
(1) and (3) extraction treatment of carbon fibers:
putting 1.5g of carbon fibers into a Soxhlet extractor filled with acetone, heating the acetone to 80 ℃, continuously evaporating the acetone and condensing the acetone in the Soxhlet extractor, and continuously cleaning impurities on the surfaces of the carbon fibers in distilled acetone for 72 hours to obtain the carbon fibers with the epoxy coatings on the surfaces removed;
secondly, drying the carbon fiber with the epoxy coating removed from the surface at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the carbon fiber after extraction treatment;
(2) surface modification of carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes:
firstly, dissolving 0.312g of Aminopyrene (AP) in 20ml of N, N-dimethylformamide through ultrasonic treatment to obtain an aminopyrene solution, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment on 0.3g of carbon fiber subjected to extraction treatment in the aminopyrene solution for 1 hour, and drying at 80 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain treated carbon fiber (CF-AP);
dissolving 0.25g of pyrenebutyric acid (PBA) in 20ml of N, N-dimethylformamide through ultrasonic treatment to obtain pyrenebutyric acid solution, dispersing 0.7g of carbon nano tubes in the pyrenebutyric acid solution for ultrasonic treatment for 4h, stirring in a water bath at 50 ℃ for 3h, cooling to room temperature, filtering the suspension of the carbon nano tubes through a 0.45 mu m polytetrafluoroethylene membrane in a suction manner, and drying at 80 ℃ for 12h to obtain the treated carbon nano tubes (CNTs-PBA);
the power of the ultrasonic treatment in the step (2) is 350W;
(3) carbon fiber grafting carbon nanotube:
adding 0.15g of CNT-PBA into a beaker filled with 20ml of N, N-dimethylformamide, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1h under the power of 350W to obtain a dispersion liquid, then soaking 0.3g of treated carbon fiber (CF-AP) into the dispersion liquid for 2h, then adding 0.02g of 2- (7-azabenzotriazole) -N, N, N ', N' -tetramethylurea hexafluorophosphate serving as a condensing agent for ultrasonic dissolution, and finally drying at 80 ℃ for 12h to obtain carbon fiber (CF-CNTs) grafted with carbon nanotubes;
(4) grafting polyether amine on the surface of CF-CNTs:
adding 0.3g of CF-CNTs into a beaker containing 0.2g of polyetheramine and 200ml of DMF, adding 0.02g of HATU, soaking for 15min at normal temperature, taking out, and drying in vacuum at 80 ℃ for 12h to obtain the carbon fiber with a rigid-flexible structure constructed on the surface, wherein the carbon fiber is marked as CF-CNTs-PEA.
In this example, the carbon fiber (CF-AP) after extraction treatment, the carbon fiber (CF-CNTs) grafted with carbon nanotubes, and the carbon fiber (CF-CNTs-PEA) with a rigid-flexible structure constructed on the surface were tested and analyzed, and the results are shown in fig. 1 to 10, and it can be seen from fig. 1 to 6 that after CNTs were grafted on the surface of the carbon fiber, an N element peak appeared in the whole spectrum, and a new O ═ C — N peak appeared at a binding energy of 287.9eV in the peak separation diagram of CF-CNTs, and the appearance of the pi-pi peak indicates pi-pi interaction of a conjugated aromatic structure; as can be seen from the peak separation graph of CF-CNTs-PEA, the content of O ═ C-N increased from 2.6% to 11.7%, new bonds formed between the carboxyl groups of CF-CNTs and the primary amino groups of polyetheramine (O ═ C-N), these results indicate that polyetheramine has been successfully polymerized and grafted to the carbon fiber surface;
as can be seen from FIGS. 7 to 8, the untreated carbon fibers have regular and smooth surfaces and shallow and narrow grooves along the longitudinal direction, while for the carbon fibers grafted with CNTs, the CNTs are distributed on the surfaces of the carbon fibers along different directions, the surface roughness is remarkably increased, which is beneficial to increasing the mechanical interaction between the carbon fibers and the resin and is beneficial to increasing the binding capacity between the fibers and the resin; for CF-CNTs-PEA, carbon fibers and CNTs are wrapped by a polymer, a part of CNTs extend to the outside of the polymer, a flexible-rigid reinforcing structure is formed on the surface of the carbon fibers, a rigid-flexible combined structure increases the mechanical interlocking effect with a matrix, a large number of amino functional groups can enhance the chemical bonding effect between the carbon fibers and resin, flexible molecular chains can participate in the curing of the resin to form a cross-linked network structure, and the interface performance of the composite material is enhanced;
as can be seen from FIG. 9, the interfacial shear strength (IFSS) after grafting of CNTs onto carbon fibers is increased from 48.8MPa of the precursor to 83.5MPa by 71.1%, because the surface of the carbon fibers contains amino groups after grafting of CNTs and PEA, covalent bonds can be formed with epoxy groups in the matrix, and in addition, the enhancement of the surface roughness of the fibers can enhance the mechanical interlocking effect of the fibers and the matrix, thereby significantly improving the interfacial properties of the composite material;
from fig. 10, it can be seen that the transverse Tensile (TFB) strength of the CF-CNTs-PEA composite is 31.3MPa, which is 89.7% higher than that of CF (16.5MPa), and the thickness of the interface layer is increased by the construction of the "rigid-flexible bonding" structure, so that the residual stress of the interface can be relieved or eliminated, the crack propagation path can be enlarged, the micro cracks can be effectively absorbed or deflected, and the propagation of the tips of the micro cracks can be inhibited, thereby further improving the interface performance of the composite.
Example 2:
in this embodiment, a specific process for enhancing the interfacial properties of the carbon fiber resin matrix composite material by constructing a rigid-flexible structure is as follows:
(1) and (3) extraction treatment of carbon fibers:
putting 1.5g of carbon fibers into a Soxhlet extractor filled with acetone, heating the acetone to 80 ℃, continuously evaporating the acetone and condensing the acetone in the Soxhlet extractor, and continuously cleaning impurities on the surfaces of the carbon fibers in distilled acetone for 72 hours to obtain the carbon fibers with the epoxy coatings on the surfaces removed;
secondly, drying the carbon fiber with the epoxy coating removed from the surface at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the carbon fiber after extraction treatment;
(2) surface modification of carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes:
dissolving 0.312g of Aminopyrene (AP) in 20ml of N, N-dimethylformamide through ultrasonic treatment to obtain an aminopyrene solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment on 0.2g of extracted carbon fiber in the aminopyrene solution for 1h, and drying at 80 ℃ for 12h to obtain treated carbon fiber (CF-AP);
dissolving 0.25g of pyrenebutyric acid (PBA) in 20ml of N, N-dimethylformamide respectively through ultrasonic treatment to obtain pyrenebutyric acid solution, dispersing 0.6g of carbon nano tubes in the pyrenebutyric acid solution for ultrasonic treatment for 2h, stirring in a water bath at 50 ℃ for 3h, cooling to room temperature, filtering the suspension of the carbon nano tubes through a 0.45 mu m polytetrafluoroethylene membrane in a suction manner, and drying at 80 ℃ for 12h to obtain the treated carbon nano tubes (CNTs-PBA);
the power of ultrasonic treatment in the step (2) is 280W;
(3) carbon fiber grafting carbon nanotube:
firstly, adding 0.1g of CNT-PBA into a beaker filled with 20ml of N, N-dimethylformamide, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1h under the power of 280W to obtain a dispersion liquid, then soaking 0.2g of CF-AP into the dispersion liquid for 1h, then ultrasonically dissolving 0.01g of 2- (7-azabenzotriazole) -N, N, N ', N' -tetramethylurea hexafluorophosphate serving as a condensing agent into a DMF solution containing CNTs-PBA, and finally drying at 80 ℃ for 12h to obtain CF-CNTs;
(4) grafting polyether amine on the surface of CF-CNTs:
adding 0.2g of CF-CNTs into a beaker containing 0.1g of polyetheramine and 100ml of DMF, adding 0.01g of HATU, soaking for 15min at normal temperature, taking out, and vacuum-drying at 80 ℃ for 12h to obtain the CF-CNTs-PEA.
In the embodiment, elements before and after carbon fiber modification, micro-morphology before and after carbon fiber modification, carbon fiber interface shearing strength and transverse fiber bundle tensile experiment of carbon fiber are tested and analyzed, and the results are as follows:
element change before and after carbon fiber modification: the content of O-C-N on the surface of the CF-CNTs is 1.75 percent, and the content of O-C-N of the CF-CNTs-PEA is increased to 10.8 percent;
the microscopic morphology changes before and after the carbon fiber modification: the number of the carbon nano tubes grafted on the surface of the oxidized fiber is reduced, and the introduction of polymers is reduced;
analyzing the shear strength of the carbon fiber interface: the interfacial shear strength (IFSS) is improved to 73.4MPa from 48.8MPa of the protofilament, and is improved by 50.4 percent;
transverse fiber bundle tensile experimental analysis of carbon fibers: the transverse Tensile (TFB) strength is improved from 16.5MPa to 29.8MPa by 80.6 percent.
Claims (6)
1. A method for enhancing the interface performance of a carbon fiber resin matrix composite is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) and (3) extraction treatment of carbon fibers: extracting the carbon fiber by using acetone as a cleaning agent to obtain the carbon fiber after extraction;
(2) surface treatment of carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes:
dissolving aminopyrene in N, N-dimethylformamide to obtain an aminopyrene solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the extracted carbon fiber in the aminopyrene solution, and drying to obtain the treated carbon fiber;
dissolving pyrenebutyric acid in N, N-dimethylformamide to obtain pyrenebutyric acid solution, dispersing the carbon nano tube in the pyrenebutyric acid solution, performing ultrasonic treatment, stirring in a water bath, cooling to room temperature, performing suction filtration on the suspension of the carbon nano tube through a filter membrane, and drying to obtain the treated carbon nano tube;
(3) carbon fiber grafting carbon nanotube: ultrasonically dispersing the treated carbon nano tube in a beaker containing N, N-dimethylformamide to obtain a dispersion liquid, soaking the treated carbon fiber in the dispersion liquid, adding 2- (7-azabenzotriazole) -N, N, N ', N' -tetramethylurea hexafluorophosphate to perform ultrasonic dissolution, and finally drying to obtain the carbon fiber grafted with the carbon nano tube;
(4) introducing polyether amine to the surface of the carbon fiber grafted with the carbon nanotube: adding the carbon fiber grafted with the carbon nano tube into a beaker containing N, N-dimethylformamide of polyetheramine, adding 2- (7-azabenzotriazole) -N, N, N ', N' -tetramethylurea hexafluorophosphate, soaking at normal temperature, taking out and vacuum drying to obtain the carbon fiber with a rigid-flexible structure constructed on the surface, and constructing the rigid-flexible structure on the surface of the carbon fiber to enhance the interface performance of the carbon fiber resin matrix composite material.
2. The method for enhancing the interfacial properties of the carbon fiber resin-based composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step (1) of extracting the carbon fibers comprises the following steps:
putting carbon fibers into a Soxhlet extractor filled with acetone, heating the acetone to 75-85 ℃, continuously evaporating the acetone and condensing in the Soxhlet extractor, continuously cleaning impurities on the surfaces of the carbon fibers in the distilled acetone for 48-72 hours to obtain the carbon fibers with the epoxy coatings on the surfaces removed;
secondly, drying the carbon fiber with the epoxy coating removed on the surface for 2 to 4 hours at the temperature of between 70 and 80 ℃ to obtain the carbon fiber after extraction treatment.
3. The method for enhancing the interfacial property of the carbon fiber resin-based composite material according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the mass of the aminopyrene to the N, N-dimethylformamide in the step (2) is 0.312g (20 mL-30 mL); the volume ratio of the mass of the carbon fiber to the N, N-dimethylformamide is (0.2 g-0.4 g) to (20 mL-30 mL); the power of ultrasonic treatment is 280W-350W, and the time of ultrasonic treatment is 1 h-2 h.
4. The method for enhancing the interfacial property of the carbon fiber resin-based composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ratio of the mass of pyrenebutyric acid to the volume of N, N-dimethylformamide in the step (2) is 0.25g (20 mL-30 mL), and the ratio of the mass of carbon nanotube to the volume of N, N-dimethylformamide is (0.6 g-0.8 g) to (20 mL-30 mL); the power of ultrasonic treatment is 280W-350W, and the time of ultrasonic treatment is 2 h-4 h; the water bath stirring temperature is 50 ℃, and the time is 3-4 h; the filter membrane is a 0.45 mu m polytetrafluoroethylene membrane, the drying temperature is 80-90 ℃, and the drying time is 8-12 h.
5. The method for enhancing the interfacial properties of the carbon fiber resin-based composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ratio of the mass of the carbon nanotubes to the volume of the N, N-dimethylformamide in the step (3) is (0.1 g-0.2 g): (20 mL-30 mL); the power of ultrasonic treatment is 280W-350W, and the time of ultrasonic treatment is 1 h; the volume ratio of the mass of the 2- (7-azabenzotriazole) -N, N, N ', N' -tetramethylurea hexafluorophosphate to the volume of the N, N-dimethylformamide is (0.01 g-0.02 g): 20 mL-30 mL); the volume ratio of the mass of the treated carbon fiber to the N, N-dimethylformamide is (0.2-0.4 g) to (20-30 mL); the dipping time is 1 h-2 h, the drying temperature is 80-90 ℃, and the drying time is 10 h-12 h.
6. The method for enhancing the interfacial properties of the carbon fiber resin-based composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the mass of the polyetheramine to the volume of the N, N-dimethylformamide in the step (4) is (0.1 g-0.2 g) to (100 ml-200 ml); the mass ratio of the polyether amine to the carbon fiber grafted with the carbon nano tube is (0.1 g-0.2 g) to (0.2 g-0.4 g); the volume ratio of the mass of the 2- (7-azabenzotriazole) -N, N, N ', N' -tetramethylurea hexafluorophosphate to the volume of the N, N-dimethylformamide is (0.01 g-0.02 g): 20 mL-30 mL); the dipping time is 15min, the drying temperature is 80-90 ℃, and the drying time is 10-12 h.
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