CN114025696A - 双向运动脊椎植入物 - Google Patents
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- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000722921 Tulipa gesneriana Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002324 minimally invasive surgery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种脊椎植入物包括第一椎弓根螺钉和第二椎弓根螺钉,每个椎弓根螺钉包括联接到头部的螺纹柄。第一悬臂和第二悬臂分别联接到第一椎弓根螺钉和第二椎弓根螺钉。第一悬臂包括接触构件,所述接触构件被布置成接触第二悬臂的接触部分并在第二悬臂的接触部分上方移动。
Description
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及对脊椎结构进行微创手术的方法和装置,并且尤其涉及一种允许双向运动以动态稳定相邻椎骨的脊椎植入物。
背景技术
后路腰椎或经椎间孔腰椎外科手术治疗包括由椎弓根螺钉固接的脊椎植入物的放置以及神经减压,所有这些都是通过后路切口完成的,在微创手术中要保持这些后路切口最小。
例如,已经针对后路脊椎开发了动态稳定技术。这些后路技术使用椎弓根螺钉和动态杆。通常,动态杆具有在特定负载或力下弯曲的机制,从而吸收施加到脊椎的一些应力和应变。
发明内容
如下文更详细描述的,本发明试图提供一种脊椎植入物,该脊椎植入物允许双向运动以动态稳定相邻椎骨。
因此,根据本发明的非限制性实施方式,提供了一种脊椎植入物,该脊椎植入物包括第一椎弓根螺钉和第二椎弓根螺钉,每个椎弓根螺钉包括联接到头部的螺纹柄,以及分别联接到第一椎弓根螺钉和第二椎弓根螺钉的第一悬臂和第二悬臂,其中第一悬臂包括接触构件,该接触构件布置成接触第二悬臂的接触部分并在第二悬臂的接触部分上方移动。
在一个实施方式中,头部的外轮廓为凸形,并且第一悬臂和第二悬臂中的每一者包括凹形内部部分,并且第一悬臂和第二悬臂分别利用紧固件而被固接到第一椎弓根螺钉和第二椎弓根螺钉,所述紧固件将凹形内部部分压靠头部的外轮廓。
在一个实施方式中,第一悬臂和第二悬臂中的每一者的紧固件接口部分为凸形,并且该紧固件包括被构造成压靠紧固件接口部分的凹形内部部分。
在一个实施方式中,第一悬臂和第二悬臂彼此平行。
在一个实施方式中,接触构件为凸形,并且而接触部分为凹形。
在一个实施方式中,接触构件包括圆形滚子元件。
在一个实施方式中,第二悬臂包括跨越接触构件的至少一个侧壁。
在一个实施方式中,接触构件枢转地联接到第一悬臂。
在一个实施方式中,接触构件固定地联接到第一悬臂。
在一个实施方式中,接触构件能够独立于第一悬臂和第二悬臂两者移动。
在一个实施方式中,接触构件具有与接触部分不同的硬度。
附图说明
结合附图,根据以下详细描述,将更全面地理解和领会本发明,其中:
图1、图1A和图1B是根据本发明的非限制性实施方式构造和操作的脊椎植入物的简化立体图、前视图和截面图;
图2、图2A和图2B是根据本发明的另一个非限制性实施方式的脊椎植入物的简化立体图、前视图和截面图;
图3、图3A和图3B是根据本发明的另一个非限制性实施方式的脊椎植入物的简化立体图、前视图和截面图;
图4、图4A和图4B是根据本发明的另一个非限制性实施方式的脊椎植入物的简化立体图、前视图和截面图;
图5、图5A和图5B是根据本发明的另一个非限制性实施方式的脊椎植入物的简化立体图、前视图和截面图;
图6、图6A和图6B是根据本发明的另一个非限制性实施方式的脊椎植入物的简化立体图、前视图和截面图;
图7、图7A和图7B是根据本发明的非限制性实施方式构造和操作的脊椎植入物的简化立体图、前视图和截面图;
图8和图8A是根据本发明的非限制性实施方式构造和操作的脊椎植入物的简化前视图和截面图;和
图9、图9A和图9B是根据本发明的非限制性实施方式构造和操作的脊椎植入物的简化立体图、前视图和截面图。
具体实施方式
现在参考图1至图1B,其例示了根据本发明的非限制性实施方式构造和操作的脊椎植入物10。
脊椎植入物10包括第一椎弓根螺钉12和第二椎弓根螺钉14。每个螺钉包括联接到头部18的螺纹柄16,头部18可以是多轴头部。第一悬臂20和第二悬臂22分别联接到第一椎弓根螺钉12和第二椎弓根螺钉14。第一悬臂20包括接触构件24,该接触构件24被布置成接触第二悬臂22的接触部分26并在接触部分26的上方移动。
头部18的外轮廓可以为凸形。第一悬臂20和第二悬臂22中的每一者都包括凹形内部部分28(图1B),所述凹形内部部分28被互补地成形以匹配头部18的曲率。可以利用紧固件30将第一悬臂20和第二悬臂22分别固接到第一椎弓根螺钉12和第二椎弓根螺钉14,该紧固件30使凹形内部部分28压靠头部18的外轮廓。例如,在例示的实施方式中,紧固件30包括外螺纹部分32(图1B),所述外螺纹部分32接合形成在头部18的上部部分中的内螺纹。
在一个实施方式中,第一悬臂20和第二悬臂22中的每一者的紧固件接口部分34(图1B)为凸形。如图1B中可见,紧固件30包括凹形内部部分36,该凹形内部部分36被构造成压靠紧固件接口部分34。
由于紧固件与悬臂之间以及悬臂与椎弓根螺钉头部之间的凸凹形接口,第一悬臂20和第二悬臂22可以以沿着椎弓根螺钉头部18的轮廓的任何角度取向被分别固接到第一椎弓根螺钉12和第二椎弓根螺钉14。这为外科医生将脊椎植入物10安装在患者的指向任何期望方向的第一悬臂20和第二悬臂22中提供了无限的可能性。例如,在例示图中,第一悬臂20和第二悬臂22相互平行;然而,它们可以是不平行的,例如通过在头部18的外轮廓上方倾斜这些臂中的一者或两者。
在例示的实施方式中,接触构件24为凸形,并且接触部分26为凹形。接触构件24可以是圆形滚子元件(例如圆柱滚子轴承元件),该圆形滚子元件绕枢轴38滚动并且被装配在形成在第一悬臂20中的凹形槽40中。因此,在该实施方式中,接触构件24枢转地联接到第一悬臂20。
现在参考图2至图2B,其例示了脊椎植入物10的修改版本,其中相同的元件由相同的数字表示。在该版本中,第二悬臂22包括跨越接触构件24的至少一个侧壁42。第一悬臂20被布置成沿着臂20和臂22的纵向轴线44在两个线性方向上(来回)在第二悬臂22上方移动。实际上,由于缺陷或制造公差,或由于所选择的臂相对于头部18的圆形外轮廓的旋转取向,也可能发生其他运动(例如,相对于纵向轴线44垂直或以其他方式倾斜)。侧壁42可用于限制非纵向运动并确保第一悬臂20的接触构件24不会从第二悬臂22滑落。
现在参考图3至图3B,其例示了脊椎植入物10的修改版本,其中相同的元件由相同的数字表示。在该版本中,接触构件24(图3B)(例如球体)是独立于第一悬臂20和第二悬臂22两者可移动的。这与其他实施方式形成对比,在其他实施方式中,接触构件固定地联接到第一悬臂20。在该实施方式中,第一悬臂20和第二悬臂22两者可以形成有凹形内部部分35(图3B)以容纳接触构件24的形状。
现在参考图4至图4B,其例示了脊椎植入物10的修改版本,其中相同的元件由相同的数字表示。在该版本中,接触构件24(图4B)具有用于接触第二悬臂22的凹形接触部分26的上部平坦面43和下部凸形接触面45。
现在参考图5至图5B,其例示了脊椎植入物10的修改版本,其中相同的元件由相同的数字表示。在该版本中,接触构件24(图5B)具有用于接触第二悬臂22的平坦接触部26的上部平坦面53和下部平坦接触面55。
现在参考图6至图6B,其例示了脊椎植入物10的修改版本,其中相同的元件由相同的数字表示。在该版本中,第一悬臂20和第二悬臂22各自相对于装配在头部18上方的基部构件62绕枢轴60枢转。枢轴60可以是球窝接头(如图6B所示);附加地或另选地,它可以是锁定螺钉(如图6A所示)或者可以以任何期望角度锁定第一悬臂20和第二悬臂22的棘轮。接触构件24和接触部分26被示为平坦的,但可以是其他实施方式的任何其他构造。
在所有实施方式中,接触构件24可以具有与接触部分26相同或不同的硬度(更软或更硬)。
现在参考图7、图7A和图7B,其例示了根据本发明的非限制性实施方式构造和操作的脊椎植入物70。如同在其他实施方式中一样,脊椎植入物70包括第一悬臂71和第二悬臂72,它们可以联接到椎弓根螺钉(例如,这些臂的结构被设计成要被容纳在椎弓根螺钉“郁金香(tulip)”头部中的脊椎杆)。第一悬臂71具有带有扩大端面74的横向杆73。横向杆73(该横向杆73横向于臂71的轴并且它是接触构件)被布置成接触第二悬臂72的接触部分75并在该接触部分75上方移动。接触部分75是形成在从臂72延伸的轭构件77中的一对卵形孔或椭圆形孔76的内周边。
现在参考图8和图8A,其例示了根据本发明的非限制性实施方式构造和操作的脊椎植入物80。再次,脊椎植入物80包括第一悬臂81和第二悬臂82,它们可以联接到椎弓根螺钉(例如,这些臂的结构被设计成要被容纳在椎弓根螺钉“郁金香”头部中的脊椎杆)。第一悬臂81具有从臂81的端部轴向突出的接触构件83。接触构件83可以是平坦的或凸形的板,该接触构件83接触接触部分84并在接触部分84上方滑动,接触部分84是从臂82的端部轴向突出的。例如,接触部分84可以为平坦的或凹形的。接触构件83和接触部分84可以被环85包围。
参考图9、图9A和图9B,其例示了根据本发明的非限制性实施方式构造和操作的脊椎植入物90。再次,脊椎植入物90包括第一悬臂91和第二悬臂92,它们可以联接到椎弓根螺钉(例如,这些臂的结构被设计成要被容纳在椎弓根螺钉“郁金香”头部中的脊椎杆)。与图7和图8中那些臂彼此共线的实施方式相反,在本实施方式中,臂91和臂92彼此不共线,而是例如彼此平行。第二悬臂92联接到主体93,例如使用紧固件固接到主体93。第一悬臂91联接到主体93以使其能够相对于主体93铰接。例如,臂91可以成形为具有扩大端面94的杆。臂91(它是接触构件)被布置成接触主体93的接触部分95并在主体93的接触部分95上方移动,该接触部分95是第二悬臂92的一部分或延伸。接触部分95是形成在主体93中的卵形孔或椭圆形孔96的内周边。
Claims (12)
1.一种脊椎植入物,所述脊椎植入物包括:
第一椎弓根螺钉和第二椎弓根螺钉,所述第一椎弓根螺钉和所述第二椎弓根螺钉中的每一者包括联接到头部的螺纹柄;以及
第一悬臂和第二悬臂,所述第一悬臂和所述第二悬臂分别联接到所述第一椎弓根螺钉和所述第二椎弓根螺钉,其中,所述第一悬臂包括接触构件,所述接触构件被布置成接触所述第二悬臂的接触部分并在所述第二悬臂的所述接触部分上方移动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的脊椎植入物,其中,所述头部的外轮廓为凸形,并且所述第一悬臂和所述第二悬臂中的每一者包括凹形内部部分,并且所述第一悬臂和所述第二悬臂分别利用紧固件而被固接到所述第一椎弓根螺钉和所述第二椎弓根螺钉,所述紧固件将所述凹形内部部分压靠所述头部的所述外轮廓。
3.根据权利要求2所述的脊椎植入物,其中,所述第一悬臂和所述第二悬臂中的每一者的紧固件接口部分为凸形,并且所述紧固件包括凹形内部部分,所述凹形内部部分被构造成压靠所述紧固件接口部分。
4.根据权利要求1所述的脊椎植入物,其中,所述第一悬臂和所述第二悬臂彼此平行。
5.根据权利要求1所述的脊椎植入物,其中,所述接触构件为凸形,并且所述接触部分为凹形。
6.根据权利要求1所述的脊椎植入物,其中,所述接触构件包括圆形滚子元件。
7.根据权利要求1所述的脊椎植入物,其中,所述第二悬臂包括跨越所述接触构件的至少一个侧壁。
8.根据权利要求1所述的脊椎植入物,其中,所述接触构件枢转地联接到所述第一悬臂。
9.根据权利要求1所述的脊椎植入物,其中,所述接触构件固定地联接到所述第一悬臂。
10.根据权利要求1所述的脊椎植入物,其中,所述接触构件能够独立于所述第一悬臂和所述第二悬臂两者移动。
11.根据权利要求1所述的脊椎植入物,其中,所述第一悬臂和所述第二悬臂各自相对于装配在所述头部上方的基部构件绕枢轴枢转。
12.根据权利要求1所述的脊椎植入物,其中,所述接触构件具有与所述接触部分不同的硬度。
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US16/449,403 | 2019-06-23 | ||
US16/449,403 US11076891B2 (en) | 2019-06-23 | 2019-06-23 | Bi-directional motion spinal implant |
US201962940908P | 2019-11-27 | 2019-11-27 | |
US62/940,908 | 2019-11-27 | ||
PCT/IB2020/055657 WO2020261046A1 (en) | 2019-06-23 | 2020-06-17 | Bi-directional motion spinal implant |
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US20050131406A1 (en) * | 2003-12-15 | 2005-06-16 | Archus Orthopedics, Inc. | Polyaxial adjustment of facet joint prostheses |
CA2574277A1 (en) * | 2004-08-09 | 2006-02-23 | Innovative Spinal Technologies, Inc. | System and method for dynamic skeletal stabilization |
US7566346B2 (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2009-07-28 | X-Spine Systems, Inc. | Prosthetic implant and method |
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US7604652B2 (en) * | 2005-10-11 | 2009-10-20 | Impliant Ltd. | Spinal prosthesis |
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US20120083845A1 (en) * | 2010-10-05 | 2012-04-05 | Spartek Medical, Inc. | Compound spinal rod and method for dynamic stabilization of the spine |
US9232966B2 (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2016-01-12 | Refai Technologies, Llc | Articulating spinal rod system |
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