CN113976911A - Point-by-point additive manufacturing equipment and manufacturing method - Google Patents
Point-by-point additive manufacturing equipment and manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113976911A CN113976911A CN202111239966.7A CN202111239966A CN113976911A CN 113976911 A CN113976911 A CN 113976911A CN 202111239966 A CN202111239966 A CN 202111239966A CN 113976911 A CN113976911 A CN 113976911A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- point
- laser
- powder spraying
- additive manufacturing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 299
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 195
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229940098458 powder spray Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004482 other powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/25—Direct deposition of metal particles, e.g. direct metal deposition [DMD] or laser engineered net shaping [LENS]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/40—Radiation means
- B22F12/41—Radiation means characterised by the type, e.g. laser or electron beam
- B22F12/43—Radiation means characterised by the type, e.g. laser or electron beam pulsed; frequency modulated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
- B22F12/53—Nozzles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and relates to point-by-point additive manufacturing equipment and a manufacturing method, wherein the point-by-point additive manufacturing equipment comprises a powder spraying device and a laser generator; the laser generated by the laser generator is delayed from the powder material sprayed by the powder spraying device; the laser generated by the laser generator is converged on the powder material sprayed by the powder spraying device; the powder spraying device is a piezoelectric type pulse powder sprayer or a pneumatic type pulse powder sprayer. The invention has the characteristics of good forming precision, diversified materials and capability of realizing accurate control.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing, relates to point-by-point additive manufacturing equipment and a manufacturing method, and particularly relates to point-by-point additive manufacturing equipment with controllable additive material quantity and a manufacturing method.
Background
Additive manufacturing techniques are based on three-dimensional CAD model data by adding material to the layer-by-layer manufacturing. The method is characterized in that a computer three-dimensional design model is used as a bluebook, a software layering dispersion and numerical control forming system is used, high-energy beams are used for stacking materials layer by layer, and finally, superposition forming is carried out to manufacture a solid product.
The existing additive manufacturing technology can be divided into three types of additive manufacturing point by point, line by line and layer by layer; for line-by-line and layer-by-layer additive manufacturing techniques, such as SLM equipment and powder-fed, wire-fed additive manufacturing equipment, there are often the following disadvantages:
1) the manufacturing precision is not high, and the manufacturing precision of the micro-nano level is difficult to realize;
2) line-by-line and layer-by-layer processing with the same structure and material is adopted, so that the forming of a single material can be realized, the zone control is not easy to realize, and the material and precision control of a designated area cannot be realized;
in the field of metal manufacturing, a powder injection scheme of injecting or melting or semi-melting a mixture of a binder and a metal powder is often adopted aiming at a point-by-point additive manufacturing technology, and both the two schemes have respective defects: the former has poor forming precision, and the formed parts have poor mechanical properties and limited engineering application; the latter needs to melt the powder in advance, has a complex structure and has a high requirement on high temperature resistance of the powder supply device.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides the point-by-point additive manufacturing equipment and the manufacturing method which have the advantages of good forming precision, diversified materials and capability of realizing accurate control.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a point-by-point additive manufacturing apparatus, characterized by: the point-by-point additive manufacturing equipment comprises a powder spraying device and a laser generator; the laser generated by the laser generator is delayed from the powder material sprayed by the powder spraying device; the laser generated by the laser generator is converged on the powder material sprayed by the powder spraying device.
The powder spraying device is a piezoelectric type pulse powder sprayer or a pneumatic type pulse powder sprayer.
The point-by-point additive manufacturing equipment further comprises a powder spraying controller; the powder spraying controller controls the powder spraying device to spray powder materials; the number of the powder spraying devices is N, and the number of the powder spraying controllers is M; wherein M and N are integers which are more than or equal to 1, and M is less than or equal to N; one of the powder spraying controllers controls one or more of the powder spraying devices to spray powder materials.
When the number of the powder spraying devices is more than 1, the powder spraying devices are arranged in a linear or annular mode.
The laser generator is a pulsed laser generator.
The point-by-point additive manufacturing equipment further comprises a laser controller, wherein the laser controller controls a laser generator to generate laser; the number of the laser generators is A; the number of the laser controllers is B; a and B are integers which are both greater than or equal to 1; b is less than or equal to A; one of the laser controllers controls one or more of the laser generators to generate laser light.
The particle size of the above-mentioned powder material is in the micro-scale and/or nano-scale.
The powder material is metal powder, and the metal powder is titanium alloy, aluminum alloy, high-temperature alloy, stainless steel, high-strength steel or die steel.
A method for additive manufacturing point by point based on the additive manufacturing equipment for additive manufacturing point by point as described above, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
1) spraying a powder material to the forming surface through a powder spraying device;
2) emitting laser light by a laser generator toward the forming surface having the powder material attached thereto, the laser light being delayed in time from the powder material and ultimately converging on the powder material on the forming surface;
3) and sequentially melting the powder materials at different points to finish point-by-point manufacturing, and finally forming the part.
The powder spraying device sprays powder materials to the forming surface in a pulse mode; the laser generator emits laser to the forming surface attached with the powder material in a pulse mode; the particle size of the powder material is micro-sized and/or nano-sized.
The invention has the advantages that:
the invention provides point-by-point additive manufacturing equipment and a point-by-point additive manufacturing method based on the same, the method adopts powder with micro-nano grade particle size as printing 'ink', the powder is ejected to a forming surface in a pulse mode under the action of piezoelectric ceramics or other powder spraying devices, pulse laser with certain power and light spot size is arranged at the top of a nozzle, the light emitting time of the laser and the powder spraying time have certain correlation, for example, the pulse light emitting is carried out by laser lagging pulse powder spraying, metal powder is melted, repeated manufacturing is carried out, and parts are finally formed. The point-by-point additive manufacturing equipment and the point-by-point additive manufacturing method based on the equipment provided by the invention are used for solving the problems that the existing additive manufacturing method is poor in forming precision, single in material and incapable of realizing material and precision control of a specified area and the like; the point-by-point material control can be realized, and the fine manufacturing of multiple materials can be realized; the pulse powder spraying device and the pulse laser are adopted, point-by-point controllability is strong, and forming quality can be improved; the structure of the traditional point-by-point additive manufacturing equipment is simplified, the reliability of the equipment is improved, the cost of the equipment is reduced, and the market popularization and use prospect is good.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic isometric view of a first embodiment of a point-by-point additive manufacturing apparatus provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the powder injection and light emission law based on FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a laser control and powder injection control scheme based on FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic isometric view of a second embodiment of a point-by-point additive manufacturing apparatus provided by the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a front view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the powder injection and light emission rules based on FIG. 5;
in the figure:
1-mounting a plate; 2-a first powder spraying controller; 3-a first powder spraying device; 4-a second powder spraying device; 5-a first laser; 6-a third powder spraying device; 7-a first laser controller; 8-a first powder; 9-a second laser; 10-a third laser; 11-a second laser controller; 12-a third laser controller; 13-a second powder; 14-a third powder; 15-a second powder spraying controller; 16-a third dusting controller.
Detailed Description
The following embodiments are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that how to implement the technical features of the present invention to solve the technical problems and achieve the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a dot-by-dot additive manufacturing apparatus including a mounting board 1, and a powder spraying part and a laser generating part provided on the mounting board 1. The powder spraying component comprises a first powder spraying controller 2, a first powder spraying device 3, a second powder spraying device 4 and a third powder spraying device 6; the laser generating means comprises a first laser controller 7 and a laser generator connected to the first laser controller 7.
The first powder spraying device 3, the second powder spraying device 4 and the third powder spraying device 6 are arranged in a linear mode and are sequentially arranged on one side of the laser generator. A first laser controller 7, a laser generator and three powder spraying devices (a first powder spraying device 3, a second powder spraying device 4 and a third powder spraying device 6) are fixed on the mounting plate 1. The first powder spraying controller 2 is respectively connected with the first powder spraying device 3, the second powder spraying device 4 and the third powder spraying device 6 and controls different powder spraying devices to spray first powder 8 to the forming surface, the first powder 8 can be powder materials of the same material or powder materials of different materials, illustratively, the first powder 8 can be Al-12Si alloy powder, the particle size of the Al-12Si alloy powder is 100 nm-2000 nm, and of course, the first powder can be other powder materials, such as metal powder of titanium alloy, aluminum alloy, high temperature alloy, stainless steel, high strength steel, die steel and the like, and the particle size of the powder materials is not limited to nanometer and 1-5 micron.
Under the control of the first laser controller 7, the laser generator generates first laser 5, the first laser 5 is time-delayed in powder materials sprayed by the powder spraying devices, and the first laser 5 is finally sequentially converged on first powder 8 sprayed by the first powder spraying device 3, the second powder spraying device 4 and/or the third powder spraying device 6; the first laser 5 may be a pulsed laser. The linear arrangement of the first powder spraying device 3, the second powder spraying device 4 and the third powder spraying device 6 has the advantage that a straight line can be formed and then combined with the moving direction to form a plane. In addition, the first powder spraying device 3, the second powder spraying device 4 and the third powder spraying device 6 can also be arranged in an annular mode, and the powder spraying device has the advantages that in the annular range, a plurality of powder spraying devices in a local area can spray powder to the local area, and the local forming efficiency is higher. Of course, the arrangement of the first powder spraying device 3, the second powder spraying device 4 and the third powder spraying device 6 can be of other types.
As shown in fig. 3, the first laser 5 generated by the laser generator and the first powder 8 sprayed by the powder spraying device are related: the first laser 5 delays the first powder 8 sprayed by the powder spraying device according to a set time lag, and the first powder 8 can be sprayed in a pulse mode. Illustratively, the first powder 8 is sprayed to the forming surface by the powder spraying device at the beginning of manufacturing, the powder spraying time is 60us, after the powder spraying is finished, the first laser 5 is generated by the laser generator at an interval of 5us, the light emitting time is 50us, after the light emitting is finished, the first powder 8 is sprayed to the forming surface by the powder spraying device at an interval of 5us, and the process is repeated.
Under the control of the first powder spraying controller 2, the pulse time length, the powder spraying flow rate, the sectional area shape and the size of the first powder 8 sprayed by the first powder spraying device 3, the second powder spraying device 4 and/or the third powder spraying device 6 are adjustable and controllable. The first, second and third powder spraying devices 3, 4, 6 may be piezoelectric or pneumatic pulse powder sprayers, or other types of powder spraying devices. In this embodiment, 3 powder spraying devices are adopted and arranged in a straight line, and of course, the number of the powder spraying devices may be one, two or more. In this embodiment, the powder spraying amount of each powder spraying device is in a range of 0g/s to 5000ug/s, the cross section of the powder spraying port is a circular cross section with a diameter of 2mm (of course, the powder spraying amount is determined by the shape of the molded part at this point, and the cross section of the powder spraying port is determined by the mechanical property requirement of the molded part. Under the control of the first laser controller 7, the light-emitting duration and energy of the first laser 5 are adjustable and controllable. In this embodiment, the wavelength of the first laser 5 is 1064nm (although laser generators with other wavelengths may be selected, for example, the wavelength range may be 300-1100 nm according to actual needs), the power controllable range is 50W-500W (or even higher power may be, for example, 100W-10000W), and is proportional to the powder spraying amount, the spot diameter is 4000um (different spot diameters can be generated according to different lasers, the spot diameter range is 10 um-8000 um), the scanning speed controllable range is 275 mm/s-500 mm/s, and is inversely proportional to the powder spraying amount.
The laser generator and the powder spraying apparatus are controlled in the manner shown in figure 4. Wherein, the industrial personal computer is connected with the first laser controller 7 through a network port or a control signal line; the optical galvanometer control card is connected with the first laser controller 7 through a network port or a control signal line, and a control instruction can be sent to the optical galvanometer control card by an industrial personal computer and sent to the first laser controller 7 through the optical galvanometer control card; or the control instruction can be directly sent to the first laser controller 7 by the industrial personal computer, and in any mode, the first laser controller 7 finally controls the laser generator to finally form the first laser 5. The first powder spraying device 3, the second powder spraying device 4 and the third powder spraying device 6 can all adopt piezoelectric pulse powder spraying devices, and the control mode is as shown in fig. 4: the industrial personal computer is respectively connected with the first powder spraying device 3, the second powder spraying device 4 and the third powder spraying device 6 through the network ports, and control instructions can be respectively sent to the first powder spraying device 3, the second powder spraying device 4 and the third powder spraying device 6 through the industrial personal computer.
In the forming process, the mounting plate 1 and the parts mounted thereon move along the arrow direction shown in fig. 1, under the control of the first powder spraying controller 2, the first powder spraying device 3, the second powder spraying device 4 and the third powder spraying device 6 respectively perform pulse powder spraying, and the powder spraying rules of the three powder spraying devices are consistent, so that the material increase speed is improved, as shown in fig. 3. Of course, in some embodiments, the powder spraying laws of the three powder spraying devices may be different, and different powder spraying laws are set according to the form of the part.
Under the action of the first laser controller 7, the laser generator performs pulse light emission according to the rule shown in fig. 3 to form first laser 5, and metal powder at different points is sequentially melted to complete point-by-point manufacturing. When one surface layer is manufactured, the mounting plate 1 with the parts mounted thereon can move along the normal direction of the manufacturing plane, stop after moving for a certain distance, and then manufacture point by point, and repeat the above processes until the manufacturing is finished.
Example 2
Different from embodiment 1, in this embodiment, more laser generators and powder injection controllers are selected, so as to implement more complicated additive manufacturing, specifically:
as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the present invention provides a point-by-point additive manufacturing apparatus including a mounting board 1, and a powder spraying part and a laser generating part provided on the mounting board 1. The powder spraying part comprises a first powder spraying controller 2, a second powder spraying controller 15, a third powder spraying controller 16, a first powder spraying device 3, a second powder spraying device 4 and a third powder spraying device 6. The laser generation component comprises a first laser controller 7, a second laser controller 11, a third laser controller 12 and laser generators respectively connected with the first laser controller 7, the second laser controller 11 and the third laser controller 12. The laser generator is multiple, and under the control of the first laser controller 7, the laser generator connected with the first laser controller 7 generates the first laser 5; under the control of the second laser controller 11, a laser generator connected with the second laser controller 11 generates second laser light 9; under the control of the third laser controller 12, a laser generator connected to the third laser controller 12 generates third laser light 10. The first powder spraying controller 2 is connected with the first powder spraying device 3 and controls the first powder spraying device 3 to spray first powder 8 to the forming surface; the second powder spraying controller 15 is connected with the second powder spraying device 4 and controls the second powder spraying device 4 to spray second powder 13 to the forming surface; a third powder spray controller 16 is connected to the third powder spray device 6 and controls the third powder spray device 6 to spray the third powder 14 onto the forming surface.
In this embodiment, the first powder 8, the second powder 13, and the third powder 14 may be the same material and have the same particle size, or may be different materials and have different particle sizes. Illustratively, the first powder 8 may be an Al-12Si alloy powder having a particle size in the range of 100nm to 2000 nm; the second powder 13 is copper alloy powder with the particle size range of 100 nm-1000 nm; the third powder 14 is titanium alloy powder, and the particle size range is 100 nm-800 nm.
The parameters of the laser are set based on the properties of the powder. Illustratively, the wavelength of the first laser 5 corresponding to the second powder 13 is 532nm, the controllable range of laser power is 10W-500W, the diameter of the light spot is 40um, and the scanning controllable range speed is 100 mm/s-300 mm/s. The wavelength of the second laser 9 corresponding to the first powder 8 is 1064nm, the controllable range of the laser power is 50W-500W, the diameter of a light spot is 120um, and the scanning controllable range speed is 275 mm/s-500 mm/s. The 10 wavelength of the third laser corresponding to the third powder 14 is 1060-1070 nm, the controllable range of the laser power is 100-1000W, the diameter of the light spot is 80um, and the scanning controllable range speed is 50-500 mm/s.
The powder spraying amount and the cross section of the powder spraying device can be set according to the actual printing requirements of users. For example, the powder spraying amount of the first powder spraying device 3 can be 0g/s to 5000ug/s, and the section of the powder spraying port can be a circular section with the diameter of 2 mm; the powder spraying amount of the second powder spraying device 4 can be 0 g/s-1000 ug/s, and the cross section of the powder spraying port is a square cross section with the side length of 6 mm; the powder spraying amount of the third powder spraying device 6 can be 0 g/s-2500 ug/s, and the cross section of the powder spraying port is a regular triangle cross section with the side length of 4 mm.
Three laser controllers and three powder spraying devices are fixed on the mounting plate 1. The first laser controller 7, the second laser controller 11 and the third laser controller 12 are linear and arranged in sequence, the first laser controller 7, the second laser controller 11 and the third laser controller 12 respectively control the first laser 5, the second laser 9 and the third laser 10 with three different wavelengths, laser parameters are output, including but not limited to light-emitting pulse width, light-emitting pulse frequency and energy can be independently controlled, and the control mode is consistent with the embodiment. For example, under the control of the second laser controller 11, the light emitting duration and the laser energy of the second laser 9 are adjustable, controllable and controllable; the light-emitting duration and the laser energy of the first laser 5 are adjustable and controllable under the control of the first laser controller 7; under the control of the third laser controller 12, the light emitting duration and the laser energy of the third laser 10 are adjustable and controllable.
The first powder spraying device 3, the second powder spraying device 4 and the third powder spraying device 6 are linear and are sequentially arranged on the left side of the laser, the first powder spraying device 3, the second powder spraying device 4 and the third powder spraying device 6 can spray different first powder 8, second powder 13 and third powder 14, powder spraying parameters including but not limited to pulse powder spraying pulse duration, powder spraying flow and sectional area shape and size can be independently controlled, and the control mode is consistent with that of the embodiment. For example, under the control of the first powder spraying controller 2, the pulse powder spraying pulse duration and the powder spraying flow rate of the first powder spraying device 3 are adjustable and controllable; the pulse type powder spraying pulse time length and the powder spraying flow of the second powder spraying device 4 are adjustable and controllable under the control of the second powder spraying controller 15; the pulse type powder spraying pulse time length and the powder spraying flow of the third powder spraying device 6 are adjustable and controllable under the control of the third powder spraying controller 16.
As shown in fig. 7, in the present embodiment, the powder injection from each powder injection device and the powder injection from each laser are controlled independently in time, where the light injection from the second laser 9 has a correlation with the powder injection from the first powder 8, the light injection from the first laser 5 has a correlation with the powder injection from the second powder 13, and the light injection from the third laser 10 has a correlation with the powder injection from the third powder 14. Illustratively, the second laser 9 delays pulse-type powder spraying of the powder spraying device according to a set time lag, when the manufacturing is started, powder spraying is performed firstly, the powder spraying time is 60us, after the powder spraying is completed, light is emitted at an interval of 5us, the light emitting time is 50us, after the light emitting is completed, powder spraying is performed at an interval of more than 5us, and the process is repeated; the first laser 5 delays pulse-type powder spraying of the powder spraying device according to a set time lag, powder spraying is carried out firstly when manufacturing is started, the powder spraying time is 100us, light is emitted at an interval of 2.5us after the powder spraying is finished, the light emitting time is 100s, the powder spraying is carried out at an interval of more than 2.5us after the light emitting is finished, and the process is repeated; the third laser 10 will delay the pulse-type powder spraying of the powder spraying device according to the set time lag, when the manufacture starts, the powder is firstly sprayed, the powder spraying time is 30us, after the powder spraying is finished, the light is emitted at the interval of 5us, the light emitting time is 30s, after the light emitting is finished, the powder is sprayed at the interval of more than 5us, and the process is repeated.
In the forming process, the mounting plate 1 and parts mounted on the mounting plate are static, the formed parts can move in any direction of a three-dimensional space according to the forming requirement, and the first powder spraying device 3, the second powder spraying device 4 and the third powder spraying device 6 respectively perform pulse powder spraying under the control of the first powder spraying controller 2, the second powder spraying controller 15 and the third powder spraying controller 16, and the first powder spraying device, the second powder spraying device and the third powder spraying device can be independently controlled; under the control of a first laser controller 7, a second laser controller 11 and a third laser controller 12, a first laser 5, a second laser 9 and a third laser 10 are respectively generated, the powder spraying and light emitting rules are as shown in fig. 7, metal powder at different points is respectively melted, point-by-point manufacturing is completed, a molded part moves in a three-dimensional space, and point-by-point manufacturing is repeated until the part manufacturing is completed.
Claims (10)
1. A point-by-point additive manufacturing apparatus, characterized by: the point-by-point additive manufacturing equipment comprises a powder spraying device and a laser generator; the laser generated by the laser generator is delayed from the powder material sprayed by the powder spraying device; the laser generated by the laser generator is converged on the powder material sprayed by the powder spraying device.
2. The point-by-point additive manufacturing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the powder spraying device is a piezoelectric type pulse powder sprayer or a pneumatic type pulse powder sprayer.
3. The point-by-point additive manufacturing apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the point-by-point additive manufacturing equipment further comprises a powder spraying controller; the powder spraying controller controls the powder spraying device to spray powder materials; the number of the powder spraying devices is N, and the number of the powder spraying controllers is M; wherein M and N are integers which are more than or equal to 1, and M is less than or equal to N; one of the powder spraying controllers controls one or more of the powder spraying devices to spray powder materials.
4. The point-by-point additive manufacturing apparatus of claim 3, wherein: when the number of the powder spraying devices is more than 1, the powder spraying devices are arranged in a linear or annular mode.
5. The point-by-point additive manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the laser generator is a pulsed laser generator.
6. The point-by-point additive manufacturing apparatus of claim 5, wherein: the point-by-point additive manufacturing equipment further comprises a laser controller, wherein the laser controller controls a laser generator to generate laser; the number of the laser generators is A; the number of the laser controllers is B; a and B are integers which are both greater than or equal to 1; b is less than or equal to A; one of the laser controllers controls one or more of the laser generators to generate laser light.
7. The point-by-point additive manufacturing apparatus of claim 6, wherein: the particle size of the powder material is micro-sized and/or nano-sized.
8. The point-by-point additive manufacturing apparatus of claim 7, wherein: the powder material is metal powder, and the metal powder is titanium alloy, aluminum alloy, high-temperature alloy, stainless steel, high-strength steel or die steel.
9. A dot-by-dot additive manufacturing method based on the dot-by-dot additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
1) spraying a powder material to the forming surface through a powder spraying device;
2) emitting laser light by a laser generator toward the forming surface having the powder material attached thereto, the laser light being delayed in time from the powder material and ultimately converging on the powder material on the forming surface;
3) and sequentially melting the powder materials at different points to finish point-by-point manufacturing, and finally forming the part.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein: the powder spraying device sprays powder materials to the forming surface in a pulse mode; the laser generator emits laser to the forming surface attached with the powder material in a pulse mode; the particle size of the powder material is micro-sized and/or nano-sized.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111239966.7A CN113976911B (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2021-10-25 | Point-by-point additive manufacturing equipment and manufacturing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111239966.7A CN113976911B (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2021-10-25 | Point-by-point additive manufacturing equipment and manufacturing method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113976911A true CN113976911A (en) | 2022-01-28 |
| CN113976911B CN113976911B (en) | 2023-11-07 |
Family
ID=79740911
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111239966.7A Active CN113976911B (en) | 2021-10-25 | 2021-10-25 | Point-by-point additive manufacturing equipment and manufacturing method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113976911B (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101695752A (en) * | 2009-10-27 | 2010-04-21 | 淮海工学院 | Precise laser micro-forming and powder feed method and coaxial laser powder device thereof |
| EP2246143A1 (en) * | 2009-04-28 | 2010-11-03 | BAE Systems PLC | Additive layer fabrication method |
| CN206967983U (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2018-02-06 | 四川建筑职业技术学院 | A kind of 3D printer composite spray jet head |
| CN109622960A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-04-16 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of compound molding device and method of plate |
| CN109676138A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-04-26 | 重庆理工大学 | A kind of laser pumping ultrasound energy field assisted plasma arc carries powder increasing material manufacturing method |
| CN110977152A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-10 | 西安铂力特增材技术股份有限公司 | SLM double-laser combined machining system |
-
2021
- 2021-10-25 CN CN202111239966.7A patent/CN113976911B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2246143A1 (en) * | 2009-04-28 | 2010-11-03 | BAE Systems PLC | Additive layer fabrication method |
| CN101695752A (en) * | 2009-10-27 | 2010-04-21 | 淮海工学院 | Precise laser micro-forming and powder feed method and coaxial laser powder device thereof |
| CN206967983U (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2018-02-06 | 四川建筑职业技术学院 | A kind of 3D printer composite spray jet head |
| CN109622960A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-04-16 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of compound molding device and method of plate |
| CN109676138A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-04-26 | 重庆理工大学 | A kind of laser pumping ultrasound energy field assisted plasma arc carries powder increasing material manufacturing method |
| CN110977152A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-10 | 西安铂力特增材技术股份有限公司 | SLM double-laser combined machining system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113976911B (en) | 2023-11-07 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US7765022B2 (en) | Direct metal deposition apparatus utilizing rapid-response diode laser source | |
| Schopphoven et al. | EHLA: Extreme High‐Speed Laser Material Deposition: Economical and effective protection against corrosion and wear | |
| Murr et al. | 3D metal droplet printing development and advanced materials additive manufacturing | |
| US10046394B2 (en) | Method for manufacturing overhanging material by pulsed, voxel-wise buildup | |
| US10005127B2 (en) | Powder improvement for additive manufacturing | |
| EP3476504B1 (en) | Applying electric pulses through a laser induced plasma channel for use in a 3-d metal printing process | |
| US20160271696A1 (en) | Three-dimensional forming apparatus and three-dimensional forming method | |
| CN105562688A (en) | Manufacture of a component through selective laser melting | |
| CN106256534B (en) | Sell actuated printheads | |
| CN110267796B (en) | Additive manufacturing system and method | |
| Bourell et al. | Introduction to additive manufacturing | |
| WO1988002677A2 (en) | Method and apparatus for producing parts by selective sintering | |
| CN101903111A (en) | Device and method for producing aerosol | |
| CN108098113A (en) | High-frequency impulse control formula electric arc robot increasing material manufacturing method | |
| WO2020058722A1 (en) | A powder bed: additive manufacturing | |
| CN108380871B (en) | Nano metal powder three-dimensional printing forming method based on induction heating | |
| US11097350B2 (en) | Pre-fusion laser sintering for metal powder stabilization during additive manufacturing | |
| CN113976911A (en) | Point-by-point additive manufacturing equipment and manufacturing method | |
| CN110184557B (en) | Laser composite thermal spraying system and method | |
| JP2017025385A (en) | Cold spray device, and coating sheet forming method using the device | |
| CN109295454B (en) | Lateral powder feeding head for laser cladding | |
| US10870124B2 (en) | Method and system for covering inner walls of a cavity with a protective layer made of anti-corrosion wax or anti-corrosion agent | |
| EP0714725B1 (en) | Multiple material systems and assisted powder handling for selective beam sintering | |
| US11440099B2 (en) | Processes and systems for double-pulse laser micro sintering | |
| CN112008975A (en) | Multi-head cooperative 3D printing equipment and printing method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |