CN113968311A - High-holding-power combined anchor suitable for offshore platform mooring system and operation method - Google Patents
High-holding-power combined anchor suitable for offshore platform mooring system and operation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113968311A CN113968311A CN202111492930.XA CN202111492930A CN113968311A CN 113968311 A CN113968311 A CN 113968311A CN 202111492930 A CN202111492930 A CN 202111492930A CN 113968311 A CN113968311 A CN 113968311A
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- anchor
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- caisson
- floating ball
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/24—Anchors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/20—Adaptations of chains, ropes, hawsers, or the like, or of parts thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/22—Handling or lashing of anchors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/20—Adaptations of chains, ropes, hawsers, or the like, or of parts thereof
- B63B2021/203—Mooring cables or ropes, hawsers, or the like; Adaptations thereof
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
A high-holding-power combined anchor suitable for an ocean platform mooring system and an operation method thereof comprise a high-holding-power anchor body, wherein one end of the high-holding-power anchor body is provided with an anchor chain through a connecting pin buckle, a first shackle and a second shackle are arranged on the anchor chain at intervals, the first shackle is connected with a steel wire rope, and the head of the steel wire rope is connected with a floating ball through a first eye ring; the bottom of the caisson is provided with an anchor claw, the top surface of the caisson is provided with a second eye ring, and a section of branched anchor chain is connected between the second eye ring and the second shackle. The invention has compact and reasonable structure and convenient operation, can be suitable for the high-holding-force combined anchor which is quickly distributed when an ocean platform is moored by reasonably designing the connecting structure of the high-holding-force anchor body under the mutual cooperation of the floating ball, the caisson, the steel wire rope, the eye ring, the shackle and other parts, can be applied to quickly distributing and recovering offshore structures in shallow sea areas, can improve the holding force of the anchor in single-point mooring, and improves the efficiency and the safety of the platform distribution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mooring and positioning in ocean engineering, in particular to a high-holding-power combined anchor suitable for an ocean platform mooring system and an operation method.
Background
In recent years, various anchor types suitable for different requirements are formed in the fields of ships and ocean engineering, the attention points of various anchors are the indexes such as anchor holding power, weight and the like, however, the laying process is relatively complex, and the time consumption is long. With the successive appearance of different types of ocean platforms, the demand of some ocean platforms for rapid anchor deployment increases, for example, some offshore wind power generation floating platforms need to meet the requirements of both safety under certain sea conditions and rapid deployment, so research needs to be performed on rapid anchor deployment types and deployment modes of mooring systems.
Disclosure of Invention
The applicant aims at the defects in the prior art and provides a high-holding-power combined anchor suitable for an ocean platform mooring system and an operation method thereof, and the high-holding-power combined anchor can be quickly deployed, can meet the requirement of the ocean platform mooring system on quick deployment in various substrates with proper water depth and can ensure enough anchor holding power.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a high-holding-power combined anchor suitable for an ocean platform mooring system comprises a high-holding-power anchor body, wherein one end of the high-holding-power anchor body is provided with an anchor chain through a connecting pin buckle, a first shackle and a second shackle are arranged on the anchor chain at intervals, the first shackle is connected with a steel wire rope, and the head of the steel wire rope is connected with a floating ball through a first eye ring; the bottom of the caisson is provided with an anchor claw, the top surface of the caisson is provided with a second eye ring, and a section of branched anchor chain is connected between the second eye ring and the second shackle.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution:
the anchor body with high holding power is located at the front side position of the floating ball, the floating ball is located at the upper side position of the anchor chain, and the caisson is located at the rear side position of the floating ball.
The high holding power anchor body is of a steel structure.
The floating ball is made of hollow buoyancy materials.
The outer surface of the floating ball is coated with bright color.
The length of the steel wire rope is larger than the distance from the first shackle to the water surface, and the bearing tension of the steel wire rope is larger than the sum of the gravity of the high-holding-power anchor body and the gravity of the caisson.
The bottom surface of the caisson is welded with a plurality of spaced anchor flukes.
The caisson bit is of a rectangular or cylindrical structure.
The caisson is made of steel or cement.
An operation method of a high-holding-force combined anchor suitable for an ocean platform mooring system comprises the following operation steps:
the first step is as follows: preparing a tugboat, and hoisting the high-holding-power combined anchor to a deck of the tugboat;
the second step is that: the tugboat bears the high holding power combined anchor and enters a proper anchoring sea area;
the third step: throwing the high-holding-power anchor body into the sea by the tug boat, and enabling the floating ball to enter the sea along with the pulling force of the high-holding-power anchor body;
the fourth step: the tug continues to sail towards the platform direction, and then the caisson is thrown into the sea;
the fifth step: the upper mooring cable is tensioned, the high-holding-power anchor body is towed on the seabed, the anchor chain between the connecting pin buckle (2) and the second shackle (8) is tensioned under the combined action of the flukes of the caisson, and the high-holding-power combined anchor is in a stressed state, so that the rapid anchor distribution is completed;
and a sixth step: when the anchor is retracted, the tug quickly finds the position of the high-holding-power combined anchor through the floating ball;
the seventh step: the tugboat is connected with the first eye ring on the floating ball, the high-holding-power anchor body is pulled up through the steel wire rope, then the caisson is pulled up, and the high-holding-power combined anchor is placed on a deck of the tugboat to finish anchor withdrawing.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention has compact and reasonable structure and convenient operation, can be suitable for the high-holding-force combined anchor which is quickly distributed when an ocean platform is moored by reasonably designing the connecting structure of the high-holding-force anchor body under the mutual cooperation of the floating ball, the caisson, the steel wire rope, the eye ring, the shackle and other parts, can be applied to quickly distributing and recovering offshore structures in shallow sea areas, can improve the holding force of the anchor in single-point mooring, and improves the efficiency and the safety of the platform distribution.
The invention solves the problems of long mooring and laying period and insufficient anchor holding force of the ocean platform in the shallow sea environment, and improves the efficiency and reliability of the anchoring process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the operation process of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the operation flow of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the operation flow of the present invention (III).
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the operation flow of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a high holding power anchor body; 2. connecting a pin buckle; 3. an anchor chain; 4. a floating ball; 5. a first eye ring; 6. a wire rope; 7. the first step of shackle breaking; 8. shackle II; 9. a second eye ring; 10. caisson; 11. a fluke; 12. a tug boat.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-5, the high-holding-power combined anchor suitable for the mooring system of the offshore platform of the present embodiment includes a high-holding-power anchor body 1, one end of the high-holding-power anchor body 1 is provided with an anchor chain 3 through a connecting pin buckle 2, the anchor chain 3 is provided with a first shackle 7 and a second shackle 8 at intervals, the first shackle 7 is connected with a steel wire rope 6, and the head of the steel wire rope 6 is connected with a floating ball 4 through a first eye ring 5; the anchor chain is characterized by further comprising a caisson 10, wherein the bottom of the caisson 10 is provided with an anchor claw 11, the top surface of the caisson 10 is provided with a second eye ring 9, and a section of branched anchor chain 3 is connected between the second eye ring 9 and the second shackle 8.
The anchor body 1 with high holding power is located at the front side position of the floating ball 4, the floating ball 4 is located at the upper side position of the anchor chain 3, and the caisson 10 is located at the rear side position of the floating ball 4.
The high holding power anchor body 1 is of a steel structure.
The floating ball 4 is made of hollow buoyancy material.
The outer surface of the floating ball 4 is coated with bright color.
The length of the steel wire rope 6 is larger than the distance from the first shackle 7 to the water surface, and the bearing tension of the steel wire rope 6 is larger than the sum of the gravity of the high-holding-power anchor body 1 and the gravity of the caisson 10.
The bottom surface of caisson 10 is welded with a plurality of spaced anchor grips 11.
The caisson is of a 10-bit long cubic or cylindrical structure.
Caisson 10 is constructed of steel or cement.
The operation method of the high-holding-power combined anchor suitable for the mooring system of the ocean platform comprises the following operation steps:
the first step is as follows: preparing a tug 12 and hoisting the high holding power combined anchor to the deck of the tug 12;
the second step is that: the tug 12 carries the high holding power combined anchor into a proper anchoring sea area;
the third step: the tug 12 throws the high-holding-power anchor body 1 into the sea, and the floating ball 4 enters the sea along with the pulling force of the high-holding-power anchor body 1;
the fourth step: the tug 12 continues to sail towards the platform and then throws the caisson 10 into the sea;
the fifth step: the mooring cable is tensioned, the high-holding-power anchor body 1 is towed on the seabed, the anchor chain between the connecting pin buckle 2 and the second shackle 8 is tensioned under the combined action of the flukes 11 of the caisson 10, and the high-holding-power combined anchor is in a stressed state, so that the rapid anchor distribution is completed;
and a sixth step: when the anchor is retracted, the tug 12 quickly finds the position of the high-holding-power combined anchor through the floating ball 4;
the seventh step: the tugboat 12 is connected with a first eye ring 5 on the floating ball 4, the anchor body 1 with high holding power is pulled up through the steel wire rope 6, then the caisson 10 is pulled up, and the combined anchor with high holding power is placed on a deck of the tugboat 12, so that the anchor is retracted.
The high holding power combined anchor suitable for the mooring system of the ocean platform has the following specific structure and functions:
the anchor mainly comprises a high-holding-power anchor body 1, a floating ball 4, a caisson 10, an anchor chain 3, a connecting pin buckle 2 and the like.
The high-holding-power anchor body 1 is positioned at the front side position of the floating ball 4, the floating ball 4 is positioned at the upper side position of the anchor chain 3, and the caisson 10 is positioned at the rear side position of the floating ball 4;
the high-holding-power anchor body 1 can reach a holding-weight ratio of more than 33, is connected to the anchor chain 3 through the connecting pin buckle 2, and can realize 360-degree steering action.
The high-holding-power anchor body 1 is of a steel structure, the length L of the high-holding-power anchor body 1 is more than or equal to 5m, the width B of the high-holding-power anchor body 1 is more than or equal to 6m, the height H of the high-holding-power anchor body 1 is more than or equal to 4m, and the holding ratio I of the high-holding-power anchor body 1 under a sludge substrate is more than or equal to 33;
wherein, the bottom of floater 4 is connected with wire rope 6 through a eye 5, and wire rope 6 is connected with anchor chain 3 through a shackle 7.
Wherein, the bottom of caisson 10 is provided with a row of spaced flukes 11, and the top surface of caisson 10 is provided with No. two eye rings 9, is connected with No. two shackles 8 on anchor chain 3, connects a section of branched anchor chain 3 between No. two eye rings 9 and No. two shackles 8.
The floating ball 4 is made of hollow buoyancy materials, a first eye ring 5 is arranged on the surface of the floating ball 4 and used for being connected with a steel wire rope 6, the buoyancy provided by the floating ball 4 is slightly larger than the steel wire rope 6, and the surface of the floating ball 4 is painted with bright colors, so that the position of the anchor can be rapidly determined when the platform is anchored. The float 4 provides sufficient buoyancy to ensure floating on the surface.
The steel wire rope 6 is used for connecting the floating ball 4 and the anchor chain 3, the length of the steel wire rope 6 is slightly longer than the distance from the first shackle 7 (connecting the steel wire rope 6 with the anchor chain 3) to the water surface, and the steel wire rope 6 can bear a tensile force which is larger than the sum of the gravity of the high-holding-power anchor body 1 and the gravity of the caisson 10.
The caisson 10 is in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped or a cylinder and is made of steel or cement.
The flukes 11 at the bottom of the caisson 10 are welded or otherwise connected to ensure a fixed relative position.
When the combined anchor is arranged, the tug 12 bears the high holding power combined anchor and enters a proper anchoring sea area, the high holding power anchor is firstly anchored into the sea, the tug 12 sails for a certain distance towards the platform, then the caisson 10 is anchored into the sea, the high holding power anchor is dragged at the sea bottom, under the combined action of the anchor claws 11 of the caisson 10, the anchor chain 3 is in a tensioning state, and at the moment, the combined anchor is in a stressed state, so that the rapid anchor arrangement is completed. When the anchor is retracted, the tug 12 quickly finds the position of the high-holding-power combined anchor through the floating ball 4, and the high-holding-power combined anchor is retracted through the steel wire rope 6 on the floating ball 4.
The specific operation flow is as follows:
the tug 12 carries the high holding power combined anchor into a proper anchoring sea area;
the tug 12 throws the high-holding-power anchor body 1 into the sea (the anchor body is hoisted by a cantilever crane, which is the prior art), and the floating ball 4 enters the sea along with the pulling force of the high-holding-power anchor body 1;
the tug 12 sails a distance towards the platform and then throws the caisson 10 into the sea;
the mooring cable is tensioned, the high-holding-power anchor body 1 is towed on the seabed, the anchor chain between the connecting pin buckle 2 and the second shackle 8 is tensioned under the combined action of the flukes 11 of the caisson 10, and the high-holding-power combined anchor is in a stressed state, so that the rapid anchor distribution is completed;
when the anchor is retracted, the tug 12 quickly finds the position of the high-holding-power combined anchor through the floating ball 4;
the tugboat 12 is connected with a first eye ring 5 on the floating ball 4, the anchor body 1 with high holding power is pulled up through the steel wire rope 6, then the caisson 10 is pulled up, and the combined anchor with high holding power is placed on a deck of the tugboat 12, so that the anchor is retracted.
When the high-holding-force combined anchor is arranged, the high-holding-force anchor body 1 and a plurality of anchor claws at the bottom of the caisson 10 provide holding force together, so that the overall holding force of the platform mooring system is improved. When the ocean platform needs to be anchored, the tug 12 finds the anchor position rapidly through the floating ball 4 with bright colors on the sea surface, and the anchor is lifted through the steel wire rope 6 connected with the floating ball 4, so that the anchor anchoring speed is increased, and the recovery of the combined anchor is completed.
The above description is intended to be illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, which may be modified in any manner within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a high holding power combination formula anchor suitable for platform mooring system which characterized in that: the anchor comprises a high-holding-power anchor body (1), wherein one end of the high-holding-power anchor body (1) is provided with an anchor chain (3) through a connecting pin buckle (2), a first shackle (7) and a second shackle (8) are arranged on the anchor chain (3) at intervals, the first shackle (7) is connected with a steel wire rope (6), and the head of the steel wire rope (6) is connected with a floating ball (4) through a first eye ring (5); the anchor chain is characterized by further comprising a caisson (10), wherein the bottom of the caisson (10) is provided with an anchor claw (11), the top surface of the caisson (10) is provided with a second eye ring (9), and a section of branched anchor chain (3) is connected between the second eye ring (9) and the second shackle (8).
2. A high grip modular anchor suitable for use in an offshore platform mooring system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the anchor body (1) with high holding power is located at the front side of the floating ball (4), the floating ball (4) is located at the upper side of the anchor chain (3), and the caisson (10) is located at the rear side of the floating ball (4).
3. A high grip modular anchor suitable for use in an offshore platform mooring system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the high-holding-power anchor body (1) is of a steel structure.
4. A high grip modular anchor suitable for use in an offshore platform mooring system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the floating ball (4) is made of hollow buoyancy materials.
5. A high grip modular anchor suitable for use in an offshore platform mooring system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the outer surface of the floating ball (4) is coated with bright color.
6. A high grip modular anchor suitable for use in an offshore platform mooring system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the length of the steel wire rope (6) is larger than the distance from the first shackle (7) to the water surface, and the bearing tension of the steel wire rope (6) is larger than the sum of the gravity of the high-holding-power anchor body (1) and the gravity of the caisson (10).
7. A high grip modular anchor suitable for use in an offshore platform mooring system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bottom surface of the caisson (10) is welded with a plurality of spaced anchor flukes (11).
8. A high grip modular anchor suitable for use in an offshore platform mooring system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the caisson (10) is of a rectangular or cylindrical structure.
9. A high grip modular anchor suitable for use in an offshore platform mooring system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the caisson (10) is made of steel or cement.
10. An operation method of a high holding power combined anchor suitable for an ocean platform mooring system is characterized in that: the method comprises the following operation steps:
the first step is as follows: preparing a tug (12) and hoisting the high holding power combined anchor to the deck of the tug (12);
the second step is that: the tug (12) bears the high holding power combined anchor and enters a proper anchoring sea area;
the third step: throwing the high-holding-power anchor body (1) into the sea by the tug (12), and enabling the floating ball (4) to enter the sea along with the pulling force of the high-holding-power anchor body (1);
the fourth step: the tug (12) continues to sail towards the platform and then throws the caisson (10) into the sea;
the fifth step: the mooring cable is tensioned, the high-holding-power anchor body (1) is towed on the seabed, the anchor chain between the connecting pin buckle (2) and the second shackle (8) is tensioned under the combined action of the flukes (11) of the caisson (10), and the high-holding-power combined anchor is in a stressed state, so that the rapid anchor distribution is completed;
and a sixth step: when the anchor is retracted, the tug (12) quickly finds the position of the high-holding-power combined anchor through the floating ball (4);
the seventh step: the tugboat (12) is connected with a first eye ring (5) on the floating ball (4), the anchor body (1) with high holding power is pulled up through the steel wire rope (6), then the caisson (10) is pulled up, and the combined anchor with high holding power is placed on a deck of the tugboat (12) to finish anchor withdrawing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111492930.XA CN113968311B (en) | 2021-12-08 | 2021-12-08 | High-holding-power combined anchor suitable for offshore platform mooring system and operation method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111492930.XA CN113968311B (en) | 2021-12-08 | 2021-12-08 | High-holding-power combined anchor suitable for offshore platform mooring system and operation method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113968311A true CN113968311A (en) | 2022-01-25 |
| CN113968311B CN113968311B (en) | 2022-09-16 |
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| CN202111492930.XA Active CN113968311B (en) | 2021-12-08 | 2021-12-08 | High-holding-power combined anchor suitable for offshore platform mooring system and operation method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114537589A (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2022-05-27 | 广州睿海海洋科技有限公司 | Mooring system |
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| CN206231568U (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-06-09 | 重庆交通大学 | The high holding power anchor that a kind of deep-sea uses |
| CN209852529U (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2019-12-27 | 中海油能源发展股份有限公司 | Offshore mobile platform crude oil export high holding power anchor and double-cable mooring system |
| CN110626466A (en) * | 2019-10-26 | 2019-12-31 | 中国海洋大学 | Releasable gravity anchor system for deep sea buoy |
| CN111608133A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-09-01 | 中国船舶科学研究中心 | Movable floating wharf anchoring device and fastening method |
| CN113309039A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-08-27 | 中国船舶科学研究中心 | Rapid deployment method for breakwater anchoring system |
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2021
- 2021-12-08 CN CN202111492930.XA patent/CN113968311B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN206231568U (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-06-09 | 重庆交通大学 | The high holding power anchor that a kind of deep-sea uses |
| CN209852529U (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2019-12-27 | 中海油能源发展股份有限公司 | Offshore mobile platform crude oil export high holding power anchor and double-cable mooring system |
| CN110626466A (en) * | 2019-10-26 | 2019-12-31 | 中国海洋大学 | Releasable gravity anchor system for deep sea buoy |
| CN111608133A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-09-01 | 中国船舶科学研究中心 | Movable floating wharf anchoring device and fastening method |
| CN113309039A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-08-27 | 中国船舶科学研究中心 | Rapid deployment method for breakwater anchoring system |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114537589A (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2022-05-27 | 广州睿海海洋科技有限公司 | Mooring system |
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| CN113968311B (en) | 2022-09-16 |
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