CN107794957B - Super-large-diameter single pile foundation horizontal static load device and test method - Google Patents
Super-large-diameter single pile foundation horizontal static load device and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107794957B CN107794957B CN201711195550.3A CN201711195550A CN107794957B CN 107794957 B CN107794957 B CN 107794957B CN 201711195550 A CN201711195550 A CN 201711195550A CN 107794957 B CN107794957 B CN 107794957B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
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- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a horizontal static load device of a super-large-diameter single pile foundation, which comprises a tension mechanism arranged on a pile body, a grabbing mechanism arranged outside the pile body, a pulley assembly and a plurality of sections of anchor cables, wherein each anchor cable comprises a first section of anchor cable, a middle section of anchor cable and a last section of anchor cable, one end of the first section of anchor cable is connected with the tension mechanism, and the other end of the first section of anchor cable is connected with the pulley assembly; one end of the end section anchor cable is connected with the pulley assembly, and the other end of the end section anchor cable is connected with the grabbing mechanism; the intermediate section anchor cable is disposed about the pulley assembly. By adopting the test method of the device, a tension mechanism is arranged on the pile body; a grabbing mechanism is arranged outside the pile body; a pulley assembly is arranged, one end of the first section of anchor cable is connected with the tension mechanism, and the other end of the first section of anchor cable is connected with the pulley assembly; setting the middle section anchor cable around the pulley assembly; one end of the end section anchor cable is connected with the pulley assembly, and the other end is connected with the grabbing mechanism. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, economic cost, strong practicability and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building foundation pile detection, and particularly relates to a horizontal static load device and a test method for a super-large-diameter single pile foundation.
Background
The horizontal static load test is the most direct and accurate method for judging the horizontal bearing capacity of the pile foundation, the lateral foundation counterforce of foundation soil can be obtained through the static load test, the reasonable calculation pattern of foundation soil resistance and the corresponding elastic foundation coefficient are determined, and the horizontal bearing capacity of the test pile is obtained.
The horizontal bearing capacity of the offshore single pile, particularly the offshore oversized diameter single pile, is far greater than that of a conventional diameter pile foundation, and the horizontal force test has the problems of a loading method and loading tonnage similar to the vertical bearing capacity static load test. For the horizontal force test of the conventional hydraulic building such as a wharf pile foundation or an offshore wind turbine foundation on the sea, if the past counter-force pile mode is used, the pile is driven to serve as the counter-force pile, the material cost of the counter-force pile is only millions of yuan, and the cost of a ship and the like is not considered. Therefore, a new reaction mode must be considered to reduce the test pile cost.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or shortcomings of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the oversized-diameter single pile foundation horizontal static load device and the test method, which have the advantages of simple structure, convenience in operation, economy in cost and strong practicability.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention comprises the following components:
the horizontal static load device of the oversized-diameter single pile foundation comprises a tension mechanism, a holding power mechanism, a pulley assembly and a plurality of sections of anchor ropes, wherein the tension mechanism is arranged on a pile body, the holding power mechanism is arranged on the outer side of the pile body and throws the pile body to the sea floor, the anchor ropes comprise a first section of anchor rope, a middle section of anchor rope and a last section of anchor rope, one end of the first section of anchor rope is fixedly connected with the tension mechanism, and the other end of the first section of anchor rope is fixedly connected with the pulley assembly; one end of the end section anchor cable is fixedly connected with the pulley assembly, and the other end of the end section anchor cable is fixedly connected with the grabbing mechanism; the intermediate section anchor cable is disposed about the pulley assembly.
The pulley assembly comprises a fixed pulley, at least one upright post and at least one movable pulley, and the fixed pulley and the upright post are fixedly arranged on the pile body; the movable pulley is arranged at the outer side of the pile body; one end of the first section of anchor cable is fixedly arranged on the tension mechanism, the other end of the first section of anchor cable is fixedly arranged on the upright post, and the fixed pulley and the movable pulley are wound around the middle part of the first section of anchor cable; one end of the end section anchor cable is fixed on the central shaft of the last movable pulley, and the other end of the end section anchor cable is fixedly arranged on the grabbing mechanism; the fixed pulley is arranged on the middle section of the anchor cable, the fixed pulley is arranged on the upright post, the fixed pulley is arranged on the middle section of the anchor cable, and the fixed pulley is fixedly arranged on the central shaft of the last movable pulley.
The number of the upright posts is the same as the number of the movable pulleys.
The number of the anchor cables at the middle section is one less than that of the upright posts or the movable pulleys.
And the pile body is also provided with a reinforced steel structure working platform.
The tension mechanism is a winch.
The grabbing mechanism is a large grabbing anchor.
A horizontal static load test method for a super-large-diameter single pile foundation comprises the following steps of S1: a tension mechanism is arranged on the pile body; s2: a grabbing mechanism is arranged outside the pile body; s3: a pulley assembly is arranged, one end of the first section of anchor cable is fixedly connected with the tension mechanism, and the other end of the first section of anchor cable is fixedly connected with the pulley assembly; arranging the intermediate section anchor cable around the pulley assembly; and one end of the end section anchor cable is fixedly connected with the pulley assembly, and the other end of the end section anchor cable is fixedly connected with the grabbing mechanism.
In the step S3, one end of the first section of anchor cable is fixedly arranged on the tension mechanism, the fixed pulley and the movable pulley are wound around the middle part of the first section of anchor cable, and the other end of the first section of anchor cable is fixedly arranged on the upright post; winding the fixed pulley and the movable pulley with the intermediate section anchor cable, wherein one end of the intermediate section anchor cable is fixed on the upright post, the intermediate section anchor cable sequentially bypasses the fixed pulley and the movable pulley, and the other end is fixedly arranged on the central shaft of the last movable pulley; one end of the end section anchor cable is fixed on the central shaft of the last movable pulley, and the other end of the end section anchor cable is fixedly arranged on the grabbing mechanism.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the invention can realize on-site installation and disassembly, has simple operation and repeated use, saves high cost for manufacturing the counterforce pile, fixing the counterforce device or transporting the weight platform, and greatly reduces the input cost;
the invention adopts the pulley assembly to change the stress direction, and because of the labor-saving property of the pulley assembly, the winch is only required to be arranged at the top of the pile body and only required to apply an actual stress load far smaller than the pile body, so that the horizontal loading requirement can be met; according to the invention, the purpose of applying horizontal static load to the oversized-diameter single pile foundation is achieved through the drag force generated by the winch, and horizontal tension with stable tensioning is provided by matching with a normal large-holding-power anchor;
the anchor with large holding power adopted by the invention has the advantages of stable fin, thickness, wide size, strong adaptability to various substrates, rapid soil engagement, good bottom grabbing stability, high grabbing weight ratio and the like.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, made with reference to the following drawings, in which:
fig. 1: the structure schematic diagram of the horizontal static load device of the super-large diameter single pile foundation is provided;
fig. 2: a top view of the structure shown in fig. 1;
fig. 3: the invention discloses a structural schematic diagram of a grabbing component.
Detailed Description
The conception, specific structure, and technical effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, features, and effects of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the horizontal static load device of the oversized-diameter single pile foundation of the embodiment comprises a tension mechanism 20 arranged on a pile body 10, a grabbing mechanism 30 arranged on the outer side of the pile body 10 and thrown to the seabed, a pulley assembly and a plurality of anchor cables 50, wherein the anchor cables 50 comprise a first-section anchor cable, a middle-section anchor cable and a last-section anchor cable, one end of the first-section anchor cable is fixedly connected with the tension mechanism 20, and the other end of the first-section anchor cable is fixedly connected with the pulley assembly; one end of the end section anchor cable is fixedly connected with the pulley assembly, and the other end of the end section anchor cable is fixedly connected with the grabbing mechanism 30; the intermediate section anchor cable is disposed about the pulley assembly. The embodiment can realize on-site installation and disassembly, is simple to operate and can be reused, so that high cost for manufacturing the counterforce pile, fixing the counterforce device or transporting the weight platform is saved, and the input cost is greatly reduced.
The pulley assembly comprises a fixed pulley 12, at least one upright post 11 and at least one movable pulley 40, wherein the fixed pulley 12 and the upright post 11 are fixedly arranged on the pile body 10; the movable pulley 40 is arranged outside the pile body 10; one end of the first section of anchor cable is fixedly arranged on the tension mechanism 20, the other end of the first section of anchor cable is fixedly arranged on the upright 11, and the fixed pulley 12 and the movable pulley 40 are wound around the middle part of the first section of anchor cable; one end of the end section anchor cable is fixed on the central shaft of the last movable pulley 40, and the other end of the end section anchor cable is fixedly arranged on the grabbing mechanism 30; the intermediate section anchor cable is wound around the fixed pulley 12 and the movable pulley 40, wherein one end of the intermediate section anchor cable is fixed on the upright 11, the intermediate section anchor cable sequentially bypasses the fixed pulley 12 and the movable pulley 40, and the other end of the intermediate section anchor cable is fixedly arranged on the central shaft of the last movable pulley 40. The adoption pulley assembly can change the atress direction, and because the laborsaving characteristic of movable pulley, the hoist engine only need settle at the pile body top and only need exert the actual atress load that is far less than the pile body, can satisfy the demand of horizontal loading.
The number of the upright posts 11 and the movable pulleys 40 is the same, and the number of the intermediate section anchor cables is one less than the number of the upright posts 11 or the movable pulleys 40. In order to increase the sliding stability, the first section of anchor cable or the middle section of anchor cable sequentially bypasses the movable pulley 40 and the fixed pulley 12, and the other end of the anchor cable is fixedly arranged on the upright post 11 corresponding to the movable pulley 40. In this embodiment, the number of movable pulleys 40 is not limited to two as shown in fig. 1, and in order to further reduce the pulling force provided by the hoisting machine, the number of movable pulleys 40 may be appropriately increased, and the number of the upright posts 11 and the intermediate-stage anchor lines may be correspondingly increased.
The pile body 10 is further provided with a reinforced steel structure working platform 13, and the reinforced steel structure working platform 13 can enhance the strength and rigidity of the pile body 10 and provide a working platform for test piles.
The pulling mechanism 20 is preferably a winch, or other mechanism that provides a large drag force.
The gripping mechanism 30 of the present embodiment is preferably a high grip anchor. The anchors are of various kinds and can be classified into a rod anchor, a rodless anchor, a high-grip anchor, a special anchor, etc. according to their structures and uses. The rod anchor has simple structure, large claw force (the claw weight ratio is 4-8), and good bottom grabbing stability; but the anchor cable is inconvenient to break down and store, the anchor cable is easy to wind, and the bottom of the ship is easy to scratch in shallow water anchor places. When the rodless anchor grabs soil, the two claws simultaneously enter the soil, so that the structure is simple, and the anchor-throwing operation and the collection are convenient; but the gripping force is small (the gripping weight ratio is 2.5-4), and soil is easily raked during circulation to cause anchor running. The large-holding-force anchor is divided into a rod large-holding-force anchor and a rodless large-holding-force anchor, and is characterized in that the fluke is wide and long, the soil engaging depth is high, the stability is good and the holding-weight ratio is large. The special anchor has different structural characteristics from the common anchor and is generally used for permanent mooring of buoys, lamp vessels, floating docks, pontoons and the like. The current marine anchor market mainly comprises a first generation of rodless anchors (mainly Hall anchors, stokes anchors and the like) and a second generation of rodless anchors (namely rodless large-grabbing anchors, mainly AC-14 type anchors and the like), wherein the first generation of rodless anchors are suitable for large and medium-sized ships, and the second generation of rodless anchors are suitable for ultra-large ships.
This embodiment requires a better positioning stability of the anchor. The sea floor condition of anchoring ground is silt silty clay, and the geology is good. The AC-14 type anchor in the large-grabbing-force anchor is thick and wide, has strong adaptability to various substrates, rapid soil engagement, good grabbing stability and high grabbing weight ratio (value of 12-14), and the grabbing force of the AC-14 type large-grabbing-force anchor is at least more than twice that of a common rodless anchor with the same weight. In summary, the gripping mechanism 30 of the present embodiment is preferably an AC-14 anchor (as shown in FIG. 3) of the high-grip anchors.
The horizontal static load test method for the oversized-diameter single pile foundation comprises the following steps:
step one: a tension mechanism 20 is arranged on the pile body 10, and a winch is preferably arranged at the top of the pile body 10;
step two: a gripping mechanism 30 is arranged outside the pile body 10, and an AC-14 anchor in a large-gripping anchor is preferably arranged;
step three: the pulley assembly is installed, one end of the first section of anchor cable is fixedly connected with the winch, and the other end of the first section of anchor cable is fixedly connected with the pulley assembly; arranging the intermediate section anchor cable around the pulley assembly; and fixedly connecting one end of the end section anchor cable with the pulley assembly, and fixedly connecting the other end of the end section anchor cable with the large holding power anchor.
In the above-described step three, the embodiment provided with four movable pulleys 40 will be specifically described:
in this embodiment, the four movable pulleys are sequentially named as a first movable pulley, a second movable pulley, a third movable pulley and a fourth movable pulley, and the intermediate section anchor cable sequentially corresponding to the movable pulleys is sequentially named as a first intermediate section anchor cable, a second intermediate section anchor cable and a third intermediate section anchor cable, and the upright posts sequentially corresponding to the movable pulleys are sequentially named as a first upright post, a second upright post, a third upright post and a fourth upright post.
One end of the first section of anchor cable is fixedly arranged on the winch, the fixed pulley and the first movable pulley are wound around the middle part of the first section of anchor cable, and the other end of the first section of anchor cable is fixedly arranged on the first upright post; one end of the first middle section anchor cable is fixed on a second upright post, the first middle section anchor cable sequentially bypasses the fixed pulley and the second movable pulley, and the other end of the first middle section anchor cable is fixedly arranged on a central shaft of the first movable pulley; one end of the second middle section anchor cable is fixed on a third upright post, the second middle section anchor cable sequentially bypasses the fixed pulley and the third movable pulley, and the other end of the second middle section anchor cable is fixedly arranged on a central shaft of the second movable pulley; one end of the third intermediate section anchor cable is fixed on a fourth upright post, the third intermediate section anchor cable sequentially bypasses the fixed pulley and the fourth movable pulley, and the other end of the third intermediate section anchor cable is fixedly arranged on a central shaft of the fourth movable pulley; one end of the end anchor cable is fixed on the central shaft of the fourth movable pulley, and the other end of the end anchor cable is fixedly arranged on the AC-14 anchor.
The invention adopts the pulley assembly to change the direction of stress, and because of the labor-saving property of the pulley assembly, the winch only needs to be arranged at the top of the pile body and only needs to apply a load far smaller than the actual stress of the pile body, thereby meeting the requirement of horizontal loading. The winch is used for exerting force to provide pulling force, and the pulley assembly and the AC-14 anchor are used for jointly changing the direction of the force provided by the winch to provide self-counterforce in the horizontal direction for the oversized single pile foundation; the invention can realize on-site installation and disassembly, has simple operation and repeated use, saves the cost of manufacturing the counterforce pile, fixing the counterforce device or transporting the weight platform, and greatly reduces the input cost; therefore, the invention has good market application prospect.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical scheme of the present invention, not for limiting the same, and the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments only. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and it is intended to cover the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A test method of a horizontal static load device of a super-large diameter single pile foundation is characterized in that,
comprises a tension mechanism (20), a grabbing mechanism (30), a pulley assembly and a plurality of sections of anchor cables (50),
the tension mechanism (20) is arranged on the pile body (10),
the grabbing mechanism (30) is arranged at the outer side of the pile body (10),
the anchor cable (50) comprises a first section anchor cable, a middle section anchor cable and a last section anchor cable,
one end of the first section of anchor cable is fixedly connected with the tension mechanism (20), and the other end of the first section of anchor cable is fixedly connected with the pulley assembly;
one end of the end section anchor cable is fixedly connected with the pulley assembly, and the other end of the end section anchor cable is fixedly connected with the grabbing mechanism (30);
the middle section anchor cable is arranged around the pulley assembly;
the pulley assembly comprises a fixed pulley (12), at least one upright post (11) and at least one movable pulley (40),
the fixed pulley (12) and the upright post (11) are fixedly arranged on the pile body (10);
the movable pulley (40) is arranged at the outer side of the pile body (10);
one end of the first section of anchor cable is fixedly arranged on the tension mechanism (20), the other end of the first section of anchor cable is fixedly arranged on the upright post (11), and the fixed pulley (12) and the movable pulley (40) are wound around the middle part of the first section of anchor cable;
one end of the end section anchor cable is fixed on the central shaft of the last movable pulley (40), and the other end of the end section anchor cable is fixedly arranged on the grabbing mechanism (30);
the middle section anchor cable is wound around the fixed pulley (12) and the movable pulley (40), wherein one end of the middle section anchor cable is fixed on the upright post (11), the middle section anchor cable sequentially bypasses the fixed pulley (12) and the movable pulley (40), and the other end of the middle section anchor cable is fixedly arranged on the central shaft of the last movable pulley (40);
the test method comprises the following steps of,
s1: a tension mechanism (20) is arranged on the pile body (10);
s2: a grabbing mechanism (30) is arranged outside the pile body (10);
s3: a pulley assembly is arranged, one end of the first section of anchor cable is fixedly connected with the tension mechanism (20), and the other end of the first section of anchor cable is fixedly connected with the pulley assembly; arranging the intermediate section anchor cable around the pulley assembly; one end of the end section anchor cable is fixedly connected with the pulley assembly, and the other end of the end section anchor cable is fixedly connected with the grabbing mechanism (30);
in the step S3 of the process,
one end of the first section of anchor cable is fixedly arranged on the tension mechanism (20), the middle part of the first section of anchor cable is wound around the fixed pulley (12) and the movable pulley (40), and the other end of the first section of anchor cable is fixedly arranged on the upright post (11);
winding the fixed pulley (12) and the movable pulley (40) with the intermediate section anchor cable, wherein one end of the intermediate section anchor cable is fixed on the upright post (11), the intermediate section anchor cable sequentially bypasses the fixed pulley (12) and the movable pulley (40), and the other end is fixedly arranged on the central shaft of the last movable pulley (40);
one end of the end anchor cable is fixed on the central shaft of the last movable pulley (40), and the other end of the end anchor cable is fixedly arranged on the grabbing mechanism (30).
2. The test method of the horizontal static load device of the oversized-diameter single pile foundation according to claim 1, wherein the number of the upright posts (11) and the movable pulleys (40) is the same.
3. The test method of the oversized-diameter single-pile foundation horizontal static load device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the number of the intermediate section anchor cables is one less than the number of the upright posts (11) or the movable pulleys (40).
4. The test method of the horizontal static load device of the oversized-diameter single pile foundation according to claim 1, wherein the pile body (10) is further provided with a reinforced steel structure working platform (13).
5. The method for testing a horizontal static load device of a super large diameter single pile foundation according to claim 1, wherein the tension mechanism (20) is a winch.
6. The method of testing a horizontal static load device for a super large diameter mono pile foundation according to claim 1, wherein the gripping means (30) is a high gripping force anchor.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711195550.3A CN107794957B (en) | 2017-11-24 | 2017-11-24 | Super-large-diameter single pile foundation horizontal static load device and test method |
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| CN107794957B true CN107794957B (en) | 2023-06-20 |
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| CN111878087A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-11-03 | 中铁五局集团有限公司 | Karst cave section anchor cable construction method based on karst cave underground river environment tunnel construction |
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| CN203361209U (en) * | 2013-01-28 | 2013-12-25 | 中国水电顾问集团西北勘测设计研究院 | Single-pile horizontal bearing capacity static-load testing device for wind farm fan foundation |
| CN103046585B (en) * | 2013-01-28 | 2015-10-28 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Foundation single pile of wind power horizontal force bearing capacity Static Load Test Method |
| CN103225315B (en) * | 2013-05-11 | 2015-04-08 | 天津大学 | Offshore wind power foundation consisting of single pile, cylindrical foundations and anchor cable |
| CN104563170B (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2017-07-28 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Offshore wind farm single-pile foundation horizontal bearing capacity tests counterforce device and its construction method |
| CN104674793B (en) * | 2015-02-14 | 2016-10-26 | 王运举 | A kind of deep Ji Jing gently grabs piling equipment |
| CN207499009U (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-06-15 | 中交上海港湾工程设计研究院有限公司 | The horizontal static load device of super-large diameter single-pile foundation |
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