CN113956059B - 一种高压输电线路用高强度悬式绝缘子 - Google Patents
一种高压输电线路用高强度悬式绝缘子 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113956059B CN113956059B CN202111353687.3A CN202111353687A CN113956059B CN 113956059 B CN113956059 B CN 113956059B CN 202111353687 A CN202111353687 A CN 202111353687A CN 113956059 B CN113956059 B CN 113956059B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- composite material
- modified
- calcium carbonate
- fumed silica
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/71—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents
- C04B35/78—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents containing non-metallic materials
- C04B35/80—Fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/16—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay
- C04B35/18—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay rich in aluminium oxide
- C04B35/185—Mullite 3Al2O3-2SiO2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
- C04B35/62645—Thermal treatment of powders or mixtures thereof other than sintering
- C04B35/62675—Thermal treatment of powders or mixtures thereof other than sintering characterised by the treatment temperature
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/628—Coating the powders or the macroscopic reinforcing agents
- C04B35/62802—Powder coating materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/628—Coating the powders or the macroscopic reinforcing agents
- C04B35/62844—Coating fibres
- C04B35/62881—Coating fibres with metal salts, e.g. phosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/628—Coating the powders or the macroscopic reinforcing agents
- C04B35/62886—Coating the powders or the macroscopic reinforcing agents by wet chemical techniques
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/71—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents
- C04B35/78—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents containing non-metallic materials
- C04B35/80—Fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like
- C04B35/82—Asbestos; Glass; Fused silica
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
- H01B17/02—Suspension insulators; Strain insulators
- H01B17/06—Fastening of insulator to support, to conductor, or to adjoining insulator
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3231—Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/3232—Titanium oxides or titanates, e.g. rutile or anatase
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3418—Silicon oxide, silicic acids, or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
- C04B2235/3436—Alkaline earth metal silicates, e.g. barium silicate
- C04B2235/3454—Calcium silicates, e.g. wollastonite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
- C04B2235/3463—Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/349—Clays, e.g. bentonites, smectites such as montmorillonite, vermiculites or kaolines, e.g. illite, talc or sepiolite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
- C04B2235/442—Carbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/48—Organic compounds becoming part of a ceramic after heat treatment, e.g. carbonising phenol resins
- C04B2235/483—Si-containing organic compounds, e.g. silicone resins, (poly)silanes, (poly)siloxanes or (poly)silazanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6562—Heating rate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6565—Cooling rate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6567—Treatment time
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种高压输电线路用高强度悬式绝缘子,涉及绝缘子技术领域,包括以下重量份数的原料:改性气相法白炭黑/法库粘土复合材料15~21份、莫来石20~30份、工业氧化铝粉6~10份、钛白粉2~6份、硅灰石粉4~8份、珍珠陶土包覆改性纳米碳酸钙复合材料10~15份、片层云母4~10份、钛酸钾晶须包覆玻璃纤维复合材料3~7份、硅橡胶3~7份。本发明的有益效果是制得绝缘子机械性能好,具有高强度等优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及绝缘子技术领域,具体讲是一种高压输电线路用高强度悬式绝缘子。
背景技术
电力是现代社会使用最广泛的二次能源,电力的安全、稳定运行和充足供应是国民经济可持续发展的重要保障。现在的输电线路分为两类:一类是地下电缆,一类是架空线路。地下电缆是将外有铠装的绝缘导线埋在地下的输电线路,由于绝缘水平及价格高昂受到限制。架空线路是将裸导线用绝缘子悬空架设在支持杆塔上的输电线路,架空输电线路的结构、器材简单,易于制造供应,造价较低,施工方便,建设速度较快,可以早收经济效益;而且大部分设施多暴露于地表,便于运行维护。因此,国内外多采用架空输电线路。
绝缘子为输电线路提供支撑和绝缘作用,因此无论在机械强度还是绝缘强度方面的要求都比较高,而且我国自然环境相对比较复杂,绝缘子大多用于室外甚至野外环境,所以还要求绝缘子产品能够适应复杂的环境条件。绝缘子产品的工作环境和工作条件极其苛刻,饱受冷热急变、酷热、严寒、高酸碱度、高污秽等因素的影响。绝缘子产品在运行过程中,不仅要承受正常运行条件下的工频电压,还要经得起恶劣天气情况下的雷电冲击产生的暂态过电压影响;不仅要承受导线的重量,还要经得起导线覆冰状态、风力作用下导线剧烈甩动等极端因素的考验,不仅要经受酷热,还要经受严寒。绝缘子产品会在长期工作电压和工作负荷作用下产生介质劣化现象,即绝缘子产品的性能随着使用时间的延长而降低,最后导致产品劣化。
现有技术中的绝缘子存在机械强度性能一般,在使用中容易出现开裂、机械、电气性能下降等问题,严重影响产品的质量稳定性,无法完全满足高速电力的需求。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一,提供一种高压输电线路用高强度悬式绝缘子。
本发明的技术解决方案如下:
一种高压输电线路用高强度悬式绝缘子,包括以下重量份数的原料:
改性气相法白炭黑/法库粘土复合材料15~21份、莫来石20~30份、工业氧化铝粉6~10份、钛白粉2~6份、硅灰石粉4~8份、珍珠陶土包覆改性纳米碳酸钙复合材料10~15份、片层云母4~10份、钛酸钾晶须包覆玻璃纤维复合材料3~7份、硅橡胶3~7份。
优选地,包括以下重量份数的原料:
改性气相法白炭黑/法库粘土复合材料16~20份、莫来石22~28份、工业氧化铝粉7~9份、钛白粉3~5份、硅灰石粉5~7份、珍珠陶土包覆改性纳米碳酸钙复合材料11~14份、片层云母5~9份、钛酸钾晶须包覆玻璃纤维复合材料4~6份、硅橡胶4~6份。
优选地,包括以下重量份数的原料:
改性气相法白炭黑/法库粘土复合材料18份、莫来石25份、工业氧化铝粉8份、钛白粉4份、硅灰石粉6份、珍珠陶土包覆改性纳米碳酸钙复合材料13份、片层云母7份、钛酸钾晶须包覆玻璃纤维复合材料5份、硅橡胶5份。
优选地,所述改性气相法白炭黑/法库粘土复合材料的制备方法包括:将1质量份改性气相法白炭黑加入到10~20质量份法库粘土中,混合均匀后置于研磨机中研磨2~3h,得混合料;将混合料置于马弗炉中,在820~860℃下煅烧2~3h,随炉冷却至室温后,研磨,得到改性气相法白炭黑/法库粘土复合材料。
优选地,所述改性气相法白炭黑的制备方法包括:取1g干燥后气相法白炭黑与1~1.5mL无水乙醇混合,缓慢加入0.03~0.05mL乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、0.06~0.08mL二苯基二甲氧基硅烷混合均匀,调节pH至6.5~7,43~48℃恒温搅拌10~20h,在100℃真空下脱除低分子物质,然后冷却至室温,离心,在50~60℃下真空干燥,制得改性气相法白炭黑。
优选地,所述珍珠陶土包覆改性纳米碳酸钙复合材料的制备方法包括:将1质量份改性纳米碳酸钙加入到15~25质量份珍珠陶土中,混合均匀后置于研磨机中研磨2~3h,得混合料;将混合料置于马弗炉中,先升温至280~300℃煅烧2~3h,然后升温至800~850℃下煅烧2~3h,随炉冷却至室温后,研磨,得到珍珠陶土包覆改性纳米碳酸钙复合材料;
优选地,所述改性纳米碳酸钙的制备方法包括:将1~1.2g硫酸钛溶于100~120mL蒸馏水中;继续加入1~1.2g碳酸钙,于室温下振荡,抽滤,得到产物;将1g产物和5~6g尿素溶于蒸馏45~50g水,加入0.001~0.002g硬脂醇硫酸钠,在85~95℃和搅拌条件下,逐滴加入10~12g硫酸钛溶液,滴加结束后继续反应60~80min,经冷却、抽滤、洗涤至滤液用氯化钡检测无沉淀生成,于85~90℃干燥8~10h,得到改性纳米碳酸钙。
优选地,钛酸钾晶须包覆玻璃纤维复合材料的制备方法包括:将5~6g钛酸钾晶须加入0.05~0.06g硅烷偶联剂中进行改性处理,干燥,得到改性钛酸钾晶须;将1g玻璃纤维加入20~30mL乙醇中,超声分散20~30min,继续加入改性钛酸钾晶须,超声分散30~40min,干燥,得钛酸钾晶须包覆玻璃纤维复合材料。
优选地,其制备方法包括:
S1、将各原料先进行预混,得预混料,然后置于球磨机中加入水进行球磨,得混合料;其中,预混料与水的质量比为1:1.1~1.2,球磨时间为10~15h;
S2、将得到的混合料过筛、除铁;之后再依次进行榨泥、陈腐、真空练泥、成形、修坯和干燥,得坯件;
S3、将所得坯件进行预烧,预烧温度为600~650℃,保温40~50min,得预烧件;
S4、将预烧件烧结,即得烧结瓷坯。
优选地,所述步骤S4包括:将预烧件先以12~15℃/min的升温速度升温至860~950℃,保温50~70min,然后以8~13℃/min的升温速度升温至1150~1250℃,保温60~80min;再以6~8℃/min的升温速度升温至1550~1650℃,保温60~80min;再以3~5℃/min的降温速度降温至1350~1450℃,保温20~40min,之后随炉冷却至室温,即得烧结瓷坯。
本发明至少具有以下有益效果之一:
本发明以改性气相法白炭黑/法库粘土复合材料、莫来石、工业氧化铝粉、钛白粉、硅灰石粉、珍珠陶土包覆改性纳米碳酸钙复合材料、片层云母、钛酸钾晶须包覆玻璃纤维复合材料、硅橡胶为原料制备绝缘子,其中,通过将改性气相法白炭黑分散在法库粘土中形成改性气相法白炭黑/法库粘土复合材料,使改性气相法白炭黑高度分散在坯件中,并经过烧结后可使晶粒范围适宜,提高了改性气相法白炭黑/法库粘土复合材料与其他原料的粘结性能,有效提高瓷件的强度和硬度;同时通过对气相法白炭黑进行改性处理,减少了气相法白炭黑的团聚,使气相法白炭黑能够均匀分散在其他物料中,提高绝缘子的机械强度。工业氧化铝粉中可以有效提高瓷材料的机械强度,减少瓷件的裂纹、气孔等缺陷,从而达到提高产品整体强度的目的,能保证绝缘子的安全运行。通过对纳米碳酸钙进行表面处理,不仅在纳米碳酸钙形成了二氧化钛,形成纳米碳酸钙/二氧化钛复合材料,而且对纳米碳酸钙/二氧化钛复合材料进行了表面改性,减少了复合材料的团聚,并通过将珍珠陶土包覆改性纳米碳酸钙,可以使改性纳米碳酸钙均匀分散在珍珠陶土中,在烧结时,使纳米碳酸钙/二氧化钛复合材料与其它成分的粘结性能加强,有效增强瓷件的强度以及耐候性能。通过对钛酸钾晶须进行改性,提高了钛酸钾晶须的分散性,通过改性后的钛酸钾晶须包覆玻璃纤维复合材料,使玻璃纤维均匀分散在钛酸钾晶须中,从而使得钛酸钾晶须包覆玻璃纤维复合材料能够最终均匀分散在其他原料中,钛酸钾晶须包覆玻璃纤维复合材料和硅灰石粉能够共同作用,可显著提高绝缘子产品的机械强度以及与釉料的结合力等;片层云母能够在原料表面附近取向排列,形成砌砖结构,在烧结时燃烧时与其他原料中的SiO2产生致密的坚硬共晶陶瓷层,不仅能够提高绝缘子的机械强度,而且能够阻隔氧气进入,提高绝缘子的阻燃效果。
本发明在制备瓷绝缘子时先进行预烧,以将原料中水被初步排出,且坯件中的一些无机有机物以及碳元素发生氧化反应或分解反应,提高胚体的机械性能。在烧结时,先升温烧结,并保温一段时间,原料中水进一步被排出,且发生的收缩结合石英的晶型转化时发生的体积变大,可缓解坯件体积变化。然后在继续升温烧结,并保温一段时间,使其中未烧结的成分进一步烧结,以缓解坯件体积变化;再继续升温烧结,并保温一段时间,使原料继续烧结,各成分之间完全反应;然后再稍微降温并保温一段时间,使制备得到的瓷绝缘子瓷件整体结构紧密,组织均匀稳定,本发明合理控制烧结时各阶段的温度,使瓷绝缘子瓷件的综合性能优异。
具体实施方式
下面用具体实施例对本发明做进一步详细说明,但本发明不仅局限于以下具体实施例。
实施例1
称取以下重量份数的原料:改性气相法白炭黑/法库粘土复合材料15份、莫来石20份、工业氧化铝粉6份、钛白粉2份、硅灰石粉4份、珍珠陶土包覆改性纳米碳酸钙复合材料10份、片层云母4份、钛酸钾晶须包覆玻璃纤维复合材料3份、硅橡胶3份。
其中,所述改性气相法白炭黑/法库粘土复合材料的制备方法包括:将1质量份改性气相法白炭黑加入到10质量份法库粘土中,混合均匀后置于研磨机中研磨2h,得混合料;将混合料置于马弗炉中,在820℃下煅烧3h,随炉冷却至室温后,研磨,得到改性气相法白炭黑/法库粘土复合材料。
所述改性气相法白炭黑的制备方法包括:取1g干燥后气相法白炭黑与1mL无水乙醇混合,缓慢加入0.03mL乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、0.06mL二苯基二甲氧基硅烷混合均匀,调节pH至6.5,43℃恒温搅拌20h,在100℃真空下脱除低分子物质,然后冷却至室温,离心,在50℃下真空干燥,制得改性气相法白炭黑。
所述珍珠陶土包覆改性纳米碳酸钙复合材料的制备方法包括:将1质量份改性纳米碳酸钙加入到15质量份珍珠陶土中,混合均匀后置于研磨机中研磨2h,得混合料;将混合料置于马弗炉中,先升温至280℃煅烧3h,然后升温至800℃下煅烧3h,随炉冷却至室温后,研磨,得到珍珠陶土包覆改性纳米碳酸钙复合材料;
所述改性纳米碳酸钙的制备方法包括:将1g硫酸钛溶于100mL蒸馏水中;继续加入1g碳酸钙,于室温下振荡,抽滤,得到产物;将1g产物和5g尿素溶于45g蒸馏水,加入0.001g硬脂醇硫酸钠,在85℃搅拌条件下,逐滴加入10g硫酸钛溶液,滴加结束后继续反应60min,经冷却、抽滤、洗涤至滤液用氯化钡检测无沉淀生成,于85℃干燥10h,得到改性纳米碳酸钙。
钛酸钾晶须包覆玻璃纤维复合材料的制备方法包括:将5g钛酸钾晶须加入0.05g硅烷偶联剂KH-560中进行改性处理,干燥,得到改性钛酸钾晶须;将1g玻璃纤维加入20mL乙醇中,超声分散20min,继续加入改性钛酸钾晶须,超声分散30min,干燥,得钛酸钾晶须包覆玻璃纤维复合材料。
一种高压输电线路用高强度悬式绝缘子的制备方法,包括:
S1、将各原料先进行预混,得预混料,然后置于球磨机中加入水进行球磨,得混合料;其中,预混料与水的质量比为1:1.1,球磨时间为10h;
S2、将得到的混合料过筛、除铁;之后再依次进行榨泥、陈腐、真空练泥、成形、修坯和干燥,得坯件;
S3、将所得坯件进行预烧,预烧温度为600℃,保温50min,得预烧件;
S4、将预烧件先以12℃/min的升温速度升温至860℃,保温50min,然后以8℃/min的升温速度升温至1150℃,保温60min;再以6℃/min的升温速度升温至1550℃,保温60min;再以3℃/min的降温速度降温至1350℃,保温20min,之后随炉冷却至室温,即得烧结瓷坯。
实施例2
称取以下重量份数的原料:改性气相法白炭黑/法库粘土复合材料16份、莫来石22份、工业氧化铝粉7份、钛白粉3份、硅灰石粉5份、珍珠陶土包覆改性纳米碳酸钙复合材料11份、片层云母5份、钛酸钾晶须包覆玻璃纤维复合材料4份、硅橡胶4份。
其中,所述改性气相法白炭黑/法库粘土复合材料的制备方法包括:将1质量份改性气相法白炭黑加入到12质量份法库粘土中,混合均匀后置于研磨机中研磨2.5h,得混合料;将混合料置于马弗炉中,在83℃下煅烧2.5h,随炉冷却至室温后,研磨,得到改性气相法白炭黑/法库粘土复合材料。
所述改性气相法白炭黑的制备方法包括:取1g干燥后气相法白炭黑与1.2mL无水乙醇混合,缓慢加入0.03mL乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、0.07mL二苯基二甲氧基硅烷混合均匀,调节pH至6.6,44℃恒温搅拌12h,在100℃真空下脱除低分子物质,然后冷却至室温,离心,在52℃下真空干燥,制得改性气相法白炭黑。
所述珍珠陶土包覆改性纳米碳酸钙复合材料的制备方法包括:将1质量份改性纳米碳酸钙加入到18质量份珍珠陶土中,混合均匀后置于研磨机中研磨2.5h,得混合料;将混合料置于马弗炉中,先升温至290℃煅烧2.5h,然后升温至810℃下煅烧3h,随炉冷却至室温后,研磨,得到珍珠陶土包覆改性纳米碳酸钙复合材料;
所述改性纳米碳酸钙的制备方法包括:将1g硫酸钛溶于110mL蒸馏水中;继续加入1.1g碳酸钙,于室温下振荡,抽滤,得到产物;将1g产物和5g尿素溶于45g蒸馏水,加入0.001g硬脂醇硫酸钠,在85℃搅拌条件下,逐滴加入10.5g硫酸钛溶液,滴加结束后继续反应60min,经冷却、抽滤、洗涤至滤液用氯化钡检测无沉淀生成,于85℃干燥8h,得到改性纳米碳酸钙。
钛酸钾晶须包覆玻璃纤维复合材料的制备方法包括:将5.2g钛酸钾晶须加入0.05g硅烷偶联剂KH-560中进行改性处理,干燥,得到改性钛酸钾晶须;将1g玻璃纤维加入22mL乙醇中,超声分散25min,继续加入改性钛酸钾晶须,超声分散35min,干燥,得钛酸钾晶须包覆玻璃纤维复合材料。
一种高压输电线路用高强度悬式绝缘子的制备方法,包括:
S1、将各原料先进行预混,得预混料,然后置于球磨机中加入水进行球磨,得混合料;其中,预混料与水的质量比为1:1.1,球磨时间为11h;
S2、将得到的混合料过筛、除铁;之后再依次进行榨泥、陈腐、真空练泥、成形、修坯和干燥,得坯件;
S3、将所得坯件进行预烧,预烧温度为610℃,保温40min,得预烧件;
S4、将预烧件先以13℃/min的升温速度升温至880℃,保温50min,然后以9℃/min的升温速度升温至1180℃,保温65min;再以7℃/min的升温速度升温至1580℃,保温65min;再以4℃/min的降温速度降温至1380℃,保温25min,之后随炉冷却至室温,即得烧结瓷坯。
实施例3
称取以下重量份数的原料:改性气相法白炭黑/法库粘土复合材料18份、莫来石25份、工业氧化铝粉8份、钛白粉4份、硅灰石粉6份、珍珠陶土包覆改性纳米碳酸钙复合材料13份、片层云母7份、钛酸钾晶须包覆玻璃纤维复合材料5份、硅橡胶5份。
其中,所述改性气相法白炭黑/法库粘土复合材料的制备方法包括:将1质量份改性气相法白炭黑加入到15质量份法库粘土中,混合均匀后置于研磨机中研磨2.5h,得混合料;将混合料置于马弗炉中,在840℃下煅烧2.5h,随炉冷却至室温后,研磨,得到改性气相法白炭黑/法库粘土复合材料。
所述改性气相法白炭黑的制备方法包括:取1g干燥后气相法白炭黑与1.3mL无水乙醇混合,缓慢加入0.04mL乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、0.07mL二苯基二甲氧基硅烷混合均匀,调节pH至6.8,45℃恒温搅拌15h,在100℃真空下脱除低分子物质,然后冷却至室温,离心,在55℃下真空干燥,制得改性气相法白炭黑。
所述珍珠陶土包覆改性纳米碳酸钙复合材料的制备方法包括:将1质量份改性纳米碳酸钙加入到20质量份珍珠陶土中,混合均匀后置于研磨机中研磨2.5h,得混合料;将混合料置于马弗炉中,先升温至290℃煅烧2.5h,然后升温至830℃下煅烧2.5h,随炉冷却至室温后,研磨,得到珍珠陶土包覆改性纳米碳酸钙复合材料;
所述改性纳米碳酸钙的制备方法包括:将1.1g硫酸钛溶于110mL蒸馏水中;继续加入1.1g碳酸钙,于室温下振荡,抽滤,得到产物;将1g产物和5.5g尿素溶于47g蒸馏水,加入0.0015g硬脂醇硫酸钠,在90℃搅拌条件下,逐滴加入11g硫酸钛溶液,滴加结束后继续反应70min,经冷却、抽滤、洗涤至滤液用氯化钡检测无沉淀生成,于88℃干燥9h,得到改性纳米碳酸钙。
钛酸钾晶须包覆玻璃纤维复合材料的制备方法包括:将5.5g钛酸钾晶须加入0.055份g硅烷偶联剂KH-560中进行改性处理,干燥,得到改性钛酸钾晶须;将1g玻璃纤维加入25mL乙醇中,超声分散25min,继续加入改性钛酸钾晶须,超声分散35min,干燥,得钛酸钾晶须包覆玻璃纤维复合材料。
一种高压输电线路用高强度悬式绝缘子的制备方法,包括:
S1、将各原料先进行预混,得预混料,然后置于球磨机中加入水进行球磨,得混合料;其中,预混料与水的质量比为1:2,球磨时间为13h;
S2、将得到的混合料过筛、除铁;之后再依次进行榨泥、陈腐、真空练泥、成形、修坯和干燥,得坯件;
S3、将所得坯件进行预烧,预烧温度为630℃,保温45min,得预烧件;
S4、将预烧件先以13℃/min的升温速度升温至900℃,保温60min,然后以10℃/min的升温速度升温至1200℃,保温70min;再以7℃/min的升温速度升温至1600℃,保温70min;再以4℃/min的降温速度降温至1400℃,保温30min,之后随炉冷却至室温,即得烧结瓷坯。
实施例4
称取以下重量份数的原料:改性气相法白炭黑/法库粘土复合材料16份、莫来石22份、工业氧化铝粉7份、钛白粉3份、硅灰石粉5份、珍珠陶土包覆改性纳米碳酸钙复合材料11份、片层云母5份、钛酸钾晶须包覆玻璃纤维复合材料4份、硅橡胶4份。
其中,所述改性气相法白炭黑/法库粘土复合材料的制备方法包括:将1质量份改性气相法白炭黑加入到15质量份法库粘土中,混合均匀后置于研磨机中研磨3h,得混合料;将混合料置于马弗炉中,在850℃下煅烧3h,随炉冷却至室温后,研磨,得到改性气相法白炭黑/法库粘土复合材料。
所述改性气相法白炭黑的制备方法包括:取1g干燥后气相法白炭黑与1.4mL无水乙醇混合,缓慢加入0.04mL乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、0.07mL二苯基二甲氧基硅烷混合均匀,调节pH至6.9,47℃恒温搅拌18h,在100℃真空下脱除低分子物质,然后冷却至室温,离心,在58℃下真空干燥,制得改性气相法白炭黑。
所述珍珠陶土包覆改性纳米碳酸钙复合材料的制备方法包括:将1质量份改性纳米碳酸钙加入到22质量份珍珠陶土中,混合均匀后置于研磨机中研磨2.5h,得混合料;将混合料置于马弗炉中,先升温至290℃煅烧2.5h,然后升温至840℃下煅烧2.5h,随炉冷却至室温后,研磨,得到珍珠陶土包覆改性纳米碳酸钙复合材料;
所述改性纳米碳酸钙的制备方法包括:将1.1g硫酸钛溶于120mL蒸馏水中;继续加入1.2g碳酸钙,于室温下振荡,抽滤,得到产物;将1g产物和5.5g尿素溶于50g蒸馏水,加入0.001g硬脂醇硫酸钠,在95℃搅拌条件下,逐滴加入11g硫酸钛溶液,滴加结束后继续反应80min,经冷却、抽滤、洗涤至滤液用氯化钡检测无沉淀生成,于90℃干燥10h,得到改性纳米碳酸钙。
钛酸钾晶须包覆玻璃纤维复合材料的制备方法包括:将6g钛酸钾晶须加入0.06g硅烷偶联剂KH-560中进行改性处理,干燥,得到改性钛酸钾晶须;将1g玻璃纤维加入20~30mL乙醇中,超声分散25min,继续加入改性钛酸钾晶须,超声分散35min,干燥,得钛酸钾晶须包覆玻璃纤维复合材料。
一种高压输电线路用高强度悬式绝缘子的制备方法,包括:
S1、将各原料先进行预混,得预混料,然后置于球磨机中加入水进行球磨,得混合料;其中,预混料与水的质量比为1:1.2,球磨时间为14h;
S2、将得到的混合料过筛、除铁;之后再依次进行榨泥、陈腐、真空练泥、成形、修坯和干燥,得坯件;
S3、将所得坯件进行预烧,预烧温度为640℃,保温50min,得预烧件;
S4、将预烧件先以14℃/min的升温速度升温至920℃,保温60min,然后以12℃/min的升温速度升温至1220℃,保温70min;再以7℃/min的升温速度升温至1620℃,保温70min;再以4℃/min的降温速度降温至1420℃,保温30min,之后随炉冷却至室温,即得烧结瓷坯。
实施例5
称取以下重量份数的原料:改性气相法白炭黑/法库粘土复合材料21份、莫来石30份、工业氧化铝粉10份、钛白粉6份、硅灰石粉8份、珍珠陶土包覆改性纳米碳酸钙复合材料15份、片层云母10份、钛酸钾晶须包覆玻璃纤维复合材料7份、硅橡胶7份。
其中,所述改性气相法白炭黑/法库粘土复合材料的制备方法包括:将1质量份改性气相法白炭黑加入到20质量份法库粘土中,混合均匀后置于研磨机中研磨3h,得混合料;将混合料置于马弗炉中,在860℃下煅烧2h,随炉冷却至室温后,研磨,得到改性气相法白炭黑/法库粘土复合材料。
所述改性气相法白炭黑的制备方法包括:取1g干燥后气相法白炭黑与1.5mL无水乙醇混合,缓慢加入0.05mL乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、0.08mL二苯基二甲氧基硅烷混合均匀,调节pH至7,48℃恒温搅拌10h,在100℃真空下脱除低分子物质,然后冷却至室温,离心,在60℃下真空干燥,制得改性气相法白炭黑。
所述珍珠陶土包覆改性纳米碳酸钙复合材料的制备方法包括:将1质量份改性纳米碳酸钙加入到25质量份珍珠陶土中,混合均匀后置于研磨机中研磨3h,得混合料;将混合料置于马弗炉中,先升温至300℃煅烧3h,然后升温至850℃下煅烧3h,随炉冷却至室温后,研磨,得到珍珠陶土包覆改性纳米碳酸钙复合材料;
所述改性纳米碳酸钙的制备方法包括:将1g硫酸钛溶于120mL蒸馏水中;继续加入1g碳酸钙,于室温下振荡,抽滤,得到产物;将1g产物和6g尿素溶于50g蒸馏水,加入0.002g硬脂醇硫酸钠,在95℃搅拌条件下,逐滴加入12g硫酸钛溶液,滴加结束后继续反应80min,经冷却、抽滤、洗涤至滤液用氯化钡检测无沉淀生成,于90℃干燥10h,得到改性纳米碳酸钙。
钛酸钾晶须包覆玻璃纤维复合材料的制备方法包括:将6g钛酸钾晶须加入0.06g硅烷偶联剂KH-560中进行改性处理,干燥,得到改性钛酸钾晶须;将1g玻璃纤维加入30mL乙醇中,超声分散30min,继续加入改性钛酸钾晶须,超声分散40min,干燥,得钛酸钾晶须包覆玻璃纤维复合材料。
一种高压输电线路用高强度悬式绝缘子的制备方法,包括:
S1、将各原料先进行预混,得预混料,然后置于球磨机中加入水进行球磨,得混合料;其中,预混料与水的质量比为1:1.2,球磨时间为15h;
S2、将得到的混合料过筛、除铁;之后再依次进行榨泥、陈腐、真空练泥、成形、修坯和干燥,得坯件;
S3、将所得坯件进行预烧,预烧温度为650℃,保温50min,得预烧件;
S4、将预烧件先以15℃/min的升温速度升温至950℃,保温70min,然后以13℃/min的升温速度升温至1250℃,保温80min;再以8℃/min的升温速度升温至1650℃,保温80min;再以5℃/min的降温速度降温至1450℃,保温40min,之后随炉冷却至室温,即得烧结瓷坯。
对比例1
与实施例1的区别在于:配方中不添加改性气相法白炭黑/法库粘土复合材料和钛酸钾晶须包覆玻璃纤维复合材料。
对比例2
与实施例1的区别在于:配方中不添加珍珠陶土包覆改性纳米碳酸钙复合材料和片层云母。
对比例3
与实施例1的区别在于:制备方法步骤S4中,直接将将预烧件升温至1550℃,保温60min,之后随炉冷却至室温,即得烧结瓷坯。
测试
取实施例1~5以及对比例1~3制成额定电压10KV的相同规格的成品绝缘子,任意挑选每种成品100个,按照GB/T 16927.1-2011进行测试进行拉伸负荷试验、额定机械负荷试验以及弯曲负荷试验性能测试并记录合格率。其中外观检查观察产品表面是否平整、是否有裂痕等;拉伸负荷试验、额定机械负荷试验以及弯曲负荷试验均在环境温度20℃下进行,检查其在一定时间内的是否被破坏。其中,拉伸负荷试验是在35KN下持续60s;额定机械负荷试验是在70KN下持续60s;弯曲负荷试验在7KN下持续10s。
测试结果见表1:
表1
项目 | 35KN拉伸负荷试验 | 70KN额定机械负荷试验 | 7KN弯曲负荷试验 |
实施例1 | 92%合格 | 88%合格 | 90%合格 |
实施例2 | 95%合格 | 91%合格 | 89%合格 |
实施例3 | 96%合格 | 94%合格 | 93%合格 |
实施例4 | 98%合格 | 95%合格 | 94%合格 |
实施例5 | 96%合格 | 91%合格 | 91%合格 |
对比例1 | 61%合格 | 55%合格 | 57%合格 |
对比例2 | 66%合格 | 61%合格 | 64%合格 |
对比例3 | 81%合格 | 74%合格 | 76%合格 |
由表1可以看出,实施例1~5制得的绝缘子的拉伸负荷性能、机械负荷性能以及弯曲负荷负荷性能均符合国家标准。将实施例1~5与对比例1~3比较可以看出,实施例1~5制得的绝缘子的拉伸负荷性能、机械负荷性能以及弯曲负荷负荷性能均明显优于对比例1(配方中未添加改性气相法白炭黑/法库粘土复合材料和钛酸钾晶须包覆玻璃纤维复合材料)、对比例2(配方中不添加珍珠陶土包覆改性纳米碳酸钙复合材料和片层云母)以及对比例3(制备方法不同),由此说明,是否添加改性气相法白炭黑/法库粘土复合材料、钛酸钾晶须包覆玻璃纤维复合材料、珍珠陶土包覆改性纳米碳酸钙复合材料和片层云母以及制备方法均会影响制得的绝缘子的机械性能,而本发明通过选取合适配比的组分,并采用合适的制备方法,使得制得绝缘子具有高强度。
以上仅是本发明的特征实施范例,对本发明保护范围不构成任何限制。凡采用同等交换或者等效替换而形成的技术方案,均落在本发明权利保护范围之内。
Claims (3)
1.一种高压输电线路用高强度悬式绝缘子,其特征在于,包括以下重量份数的原料:
改性气相法白炭黑/法库粘土复合材料15~21份、莫来石20~30份、工业氧化铝粉6~10份、钛白粉2~6份、硅灰石粉4~8份、珍珠陶土包覆改性纳米碳酸钙复合材料10~15份、片层云母4~10份、钛酸钾晶须包覆玻璃纤维复合材料3~7份、硅橡胶3~7份;
所述改性气相法白炭黑/法库粘土复合材料的制备方法包括:将1质量份改性气相法白炭黑加入到10~20质量份法库粘土中,混合均匀后置于研磨机中研磨2~3h,得混合料;将混合料置于马弗炉中,在820~860℃下煅烧2~3h,随炉冷却至室温后,研磨,得到改性气相法白炭黑/法库粘土复合材料;
所述改性气相法白炭黑的制备方法包括:取1g干燥后气相法白炭黑与1~1.5mL无水乙醇混合,缓慢加入0.03~0.05mL乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、0.06~0.08mL二苯基二甲氧基硅烷混合均匀,调节pH至6.5~7,43~48℃恒温搅拌10~20h,在100℃真空下脱除低分子物质,然后冷却至室温,离心,在50~60℃下真空干燥,制得改性气相法白炭黑;
所述珍珠陶土包覆改性纳米碳酸钙复合材料的制备方法包括:将1质量份改性纳米碳酸钙加入到15~25质量份珍珠陶土中,混合均匀后置于研磨机中研磨2~3h,得混合料;将混合料置于马弗炉中,先升温至280~300℃煅烧2~3h,然后升温至800~850℃下煅烧2~3h,随炉冷却至室温后,研磨,得到珍珠陶土包覆改性纳米碳酸钙复合材料;
所述改性纳米碳酸钙的制备方法包括:将1~1.2g硫酸钛溶于100~120mL蒸馏水中;继续加入1~1.2g碳酸钙,于室温下振荡,抽滤,得到产物;将1g产物和5~6g尿素溶于蒸馏45~50g水,加入0.001~0.002g硬脂醇硫酸钠,在85~95℃和搅拌条件下,逐滴加入10~12g硫酸钛溶液,滴加结束后继续反应60~80min,经冷却、抽滤、洗涤至滤液用氯化钡检测无沉淀生成,于85~90℃干燥8~10h,得到改性纳米碳酸钙;
所述钛酸钾晶须包覆玻璃纤维复合材料的制备方法包括:将5~6g钛酸钾晶须加入0.05~0.06g硅烷偶联剂中进行改性处理,干燥,得到改性钛酸钾晶须;将1g玻璃纤维加入20~30mL乙醇中,超声分散20~30min,继续加入改性钛酸钾晶须,超声分散30~40min,干燥,得钛酸钾晶须包覆玻璃纤维复合材料;
其制备方法包括:
S1、将各原料先进行预混,得预混料,然后置于球磨机中加入水进行球磨,得混合料;其中,预混料与水的质量比为1:1.1~1.2,球磨时间为10~15h;
S2、将得到的混合料过筛、除铁;之后再依次进行榨泥、陈腐、真空练泥、成形、修坯和干燥,得坯件;
S3、将所得坯件进行预烧,预烧温度为600~650℃,保温40~50min,得预烧件;
S4、将预烧件烧结,将预烧件先以 12~15℃/min的升温速度升温至860~950℃,保温 50~70min,然后以 8~13℃/min的升温速度升温至1150~1250℃,保温60~80min;再以 6~8℃/min的升温速度升温至1550~1650℃,保温60~80min;再以 3~5℃/min的降温速度降温至1350~1450℃,保温20~40min,之后随炉冷却至室温,即得烧结瓷坯。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高压输电线路用高强度悬式绝缘子,其特征在于,包括以下重量份数的原料:
改性气相法白炭黑/法库粘土复合材料16~20份、莫来石22~28份、工业氧化铝粉7~9份、钛白粉3~5份、硅灰石粉5~7份、珍珠陶土包覆改性纳米碳酸钙复合材料11~14份、片层云母5~9份、钛酸钾晶须包覆玻璃纤维复合材料4~6份、硅橡胶4~6份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种高压输电线路用高强度悬式绝缘子,其特征在于,包括以下重量份数的原料:
改性气相法白炭黑/法库粘土复合材料18份、莫来石25份、工业氧化铝粉8份、钛白粉4份、硅灰石粉6份、珍珠陶土包覆改性纳米碳酸钙复合材料13份、片层云母7份、钛酸钾晶须包覆玻璃纤维复合材料5份、硅橡胶5份。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202111353687.3A CN113956059B (zh) | 2021-11-16 | 2021-11-16 | 一种高压输电线路用高强度悬式绝缘子 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202111353687.3A CN113956059B (zh) | 2021-11-16 | 2021-11-16 | 一种高压输电线路用高强度悬式绝缘子 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN113956059A CN113956059A (zh) | 2022-01-21 |
CN113956059B true CN113956059B (zh) | 2022-09-27 |
Family
ID=79470648
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202111353687.3A Active CN113956059B (zh) | 2021-11-16 | 2021-11-16 | 一种高压输电线路用高强度悬式绝缘子 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN113956059B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114605796B (zh) * | 2022-03-10 | 2023-08-15 | 江西创宏新锐科技有限公司 | 一种具有金属效果的3d打印用改性聚乳酸材料及其制备方法 |
CN114496424B (zh) * | 2022-03-31 | 2024-04-26 | 萍乡华创电气有限公司 | 一种柱式绝缘子及其制作方法 |
CN114507063B (zh) * | 2022-03-31 | 2023-01-03 | 萍乡华创电气有限公司 | 一种瓷绝缘子注浆成型方法 |
CN117550906B (zh) * | 2023-11-13 | 2024-05-07 | 广东电安新材料科技有限公司 | 一种高强度绝缘陶瓷及其制备方法和应用 |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3431126A (en) * | 1964-04-27 | 1969-03-04 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Method for producing porcelain suitable for insulator |
CN108840660B (zh) * | 2018-08-10 | 2020-06-30 | 江西正强电瓷电器有限公司 | 一种高强度、抗冲击瓷绝缘子及其制备方法 |
CN110922171B (zh) * | 2019-12-17 | 2021-11-30 | 江西省萍乡市宇翔电瓷制造有限公司 | 一种制作高铝瓷绝缘子的原料配方及其方法 |
CN110911062A (zh) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-03-24 | 萍乡恒邦电力器材有限公司 | 一种棒形瓷绝缘子及其制备方法 |
CN111646777A (zh) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-09-11 | 萍乡欧姆绝缘子有限公司 | 一种针式瓷绝缘子及其制备方法 |
-
2021
- 2021-11-16 CN CN202111353687.3A patent/CN113956059B/zh active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN113956059A (zh) | 2022-01-21 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN113956059B (zh) | 一种高压输电线路用高强度悬式绝缘子 | |
CN112441824B (zh) | 一种耐低温高压输电用瓷绝缘子及其制备方法 | |
CN102241506A (zh) | 一种绝缘子瓷体用陶瓷的配方及绝缘子瓷体的制备方法 | |
CN102117674A (zh) | 6-10kv及以下硅橡胶绝缘耐火扁平软电缆 | |
CN110845224A (zh) | 一种高强度耐老化的瓷绝缘子及其制备方法 | |
CN111018485A (zh) | 一种高耐寒性的瓷绝缘子及其制备方法 | |
WO2016206243A1 (zh) | 一种耐电弧硅橡胶复合材料、制备方法及其用途 | |
CN110922203A (zh) | 一种高压输电线路用瓷绝缘子及其制造方法 | |
CN106782824A (zh) | 一种绝缘电线 | |
CN107200568A (zh) | 一种环保耐候高强度电力绝缘子及其制备方法 | |
CN113979733B (zh) | 一种电力拉线绝缘子制造加工工艺 | |
CN112700932B (zh) | 一种高强度氧化铝瓷芯棒复合绝缘子及其制备方法 | |
CN107565479A (zh) | 一种工作稳定的母线槽的生产工艺 | |
CN113053598B (zh) | 一种防雷针式电瓷绝缘子及其制备方法 | |
CN103992629A (zh) | 一种汽车电源线护套料及其制备方法 | |
CN112374758A (zh) | 一种瓷绝缘子用自洁釉及其制备方法 | |
CN110845225B (zh) | 一种高强度电瓷绝缘子的制备方法 | |
CN114605839B (zh) | 一种煅烧后具有明显的xrd新结晶峰的可陶瓷化硅橡胶及其制备方法 | |
CN109280405B (zh) | 一种高阻燃耐火包带及其制备方法 | |
CN110903071A (zh) | 一种电瓷绝缘子及其制备方法 | |
CN115521136A (zh) | 一种120kN圆柱头瓷绝缘子及其制造方法 | |
CN110746685A (zh) | 一种高强度耐候型电源线的制备方法 | |
CN110776305A (zh) | 一种电瓷绝缘子及其制备方法 | |
CN111286217B (zh) | 钴蓝海泡石纳米复合颜料、其制备方法及应用 | |
CN102831950B (zh) | 混有铜铝粉无铅太阳能电池导电银浆及其制备方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |