CN113956056B - 滑动水口用微膨胀含碳耐火泥及生产方法 - Google Patents

滑动水口用微膨胀含碳耐火泥及生产方法 Download PDF

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CN113956056B
CN113956056B CN202111399371.8A CN202111399371A CN113956056B CN 113956056 B CN113956056 B CN 113956056B CN 202111399371 A CN202111399371 A CN 202111399371A CN 113956056 B CN113956056 B CN 113956056B
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赵臣瑞
牛智旺
韩彦锋
梁保青
徐跃庆
李宏宇
李雪翠
来丽苹
王海霞
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Henan Rongjin High Temperatrue Materials Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种滑动水口用微膨胀含碳耐火泥，按重量百分比计，原料组成为：55‑68％的电熔莫来石、5‑10％的蓝晶石、8‑12％的电熔白刚玉粉、5‑10％的煅烧氧化铝微粉、5‑10％的广西白泥、3‑5％的鳞片石墨、2‑4％的固体磷酸二氢铝、1‑2％的氮化硼，上述原料总量为100％，外加上述原料总量0‑2％的***树胶粉与0.5‑1％的羧甲基纤维素。所得耐火泥具有良好的抗氧化性；冷态时具有良好的粘接性与塑性；更换时易清理片状脱落，可有效减少清理时对座砖的损坏；抗钢水渗透性强，有效阻碍了高温使用时因收缩导致的钢水渗透，有效降低了火泥高温使用时的收缩率。

Description

滑动水口用微膨胀含碳耐火泥及生产方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种滑动水口用微膨胀含碳耐火泥及生产方法，属于滑动水口材料领域。
背景技术
滑动水口是连铸机浇铸过程中钢水的控制装置，能够精确地调节从钢包到连铸中间包的水流量，使流入和流出的钢水达到平衡，从而使连铸操作更容易控制，冶炼中不可缺少的部分。滑动水口一般由驱动装置、机械部分和耐火材料部分(即上下滑板、下水口)组成。
耐火泥又称火泥，用作耐火材料砌体的砌缝材料，主要由耐火粉料、结合剂和外加剂组成。主要分成品和半成品两种，所谓成品耐火泥就是在生产厂家已将生料、熟料按比例配好，现场使用时只需按标准加水搅拌均匀即可；半成品或非成品耐火泥是生料和熟料未掺合一起，现场使用时，按不同泥浆的组成充分混合，并按规定加水搅拌均匀即可。
目前用于粘接耐火材料的火泥使用较多的是铝铬质火泥，使用粘土或者磷酸盐做结合剂，这就使得火泥在高温下收缩较大，较大的收缩导致存在漏钢的风险，同时铝铬质火泥使用后与滑动水口产品烧结性较强，难以清理，导致热修更换滑动水口产品时劳动强度增加，用时较长。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，本发明的目的是提供一种滑动水口用微膨胀含碳耐火泥及生产方法。
为了实现上述目的，本发明所采用的技术方案是：
一种滑动水口用微膨胀含碳耐火泥，按重量百分比计，原料组成为：55-68％的电熔莫来石、5-10％的蓝晶石、8-12％的电熔白刚玉粉、5-10％的煅烧氧化铝微粉、5-10％的广西白泥、3-5％的鳞片石墨、2-4％的固体磷酸二氢铝、1-2％的氮化硼，上述原料总量为100％，外加上述原料总量0-2％的***树胶粉与0.5-1％的羧甲基纤维素。
所述电熔莫来石包括：0.2mm<粒度1≤0.5mm、0.074mm<粒度2≤0.2mm，粒度3≤0.074mm，不同粒度的重量比为：粒度1：粒度2：粒度3＝8：5-10：42-50。
所述电熔白刚玉粉的粒度≤0.045mm；蓝晶石的粒度≤0.2mm；广西白泥的粒度≤0.2μm。
所述鳞片石墨的粒度≤0.074mm，碳含量≥98％。
所述煅烧氧化铝微粉的粒径D50为1μm-2μm；氮化硼的粒径D50为1μm-2μm。
所述含碳耐火泥的生产方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)按配比称取各原料；
(2)将固体磷酸二氢铝、氮化硼、羧甲基纤维素、***树胶粉预先与3％-5％(wt％)的电熔莫来石粉混合，备用；
(3)将步骤(2)混合料，与余下原料一起加入锥形混料机，混练25min-30min，搅拌均匀后出料打包，并用带塑料内衬的包装袋密封，即得干粉状产品。
所述的含碳耐火泥的生产方法，还包括以下步骤：将步骤(3)混练后的原料加入搅拌机，加入混练后原料量15％-23％的水搅拌10min-15min，将搅拌好的耐火泥分装到带有塑料内衬的塑料桶中，将塑料内衬口扎紧后盖好桶盖，即得湿态产品。
本发明有益效果：
本发明的滑动水口用微膨胀含碳耐火泥，以电熔莫来石、蓝晶石、广西白泥、电熔白刚玉粉、煅烧氧化铝微粉与鳞片石墨为主要原料，氮化硼为抗氧化剂，固体磷酸二氢铝为结合剂。所得耐火泥具有良好的抗氧化性；冷态时具有良好的粘接性与塑性；更换时易清理片状脱落，可有效减少清理时对座砖的损坏；抗钢水渗透性强，有效阻碍了高温使用时因收缩导致的钢水渗透，有效降低了火泥高温使用时的收缩率。具体分析如下：
本发明采用鳞片石墨为碳源，主要是利用鳞片石墨良好的热传导性、抗热震性和耐腐蚀性，同时还具有不和钢渣润湿的特性，使产品具有优良的抗钢渣渗透性和侵蚀性，另一方面鳞片石墨高温烧结性差，使产品在高温下自身的烧结性以及和滑动水口产品的烧结性差，用后易于清理。同时选用氮化硼为抗氧化剂，其在高温下能优先和氧气反应，保护产品中的碳不被氧化。
本发明采用固体磷酸二氢铝为结合剂，磷酸二氢铝是一种新型的无机结合剂，主要是利用磷酸二氢铝在加热过程中与氧化物反应生成磷酸一氢铝和磷酸铝，形成化学结合，使产品具有较高的低温强度。
本发明复合使用***树胶粉和羧甲基纤维素为增塑剂和保湿剂，***树胶粉和羧甲基纤维素均具有吸水膨胀，形成粘稠状胶体溶液的作用。羧甲基纤维素具有增稠、增塑和悬浮稳定作用，提高火泥的塑性，防止加水搅拌好的火泥出现泌水。***树胶粉是一种有机材料，用作增稠剂、胶体稳定剂，和羧甲基纤维素配合使用，主要起增稠、增塑和保水作用，可提高耐火泥的粘度和保水性，同时能促进***树胶粉和羧甲基纤维素形成的溶胶的稳定性，进而提高火泥的存放时间和稳定性。
本发明采用蓝晶石为膨胀材料，蓝晶石在高温下分解产生莫来石和二氧化硅，同时伴随一定的体积膨胀，利用其体积膨胀效应可以有效抵消产品在高温条件下产生的烧结收缩，提高产品的体积稳定性，同时调整蓝晶石的加入量，使产品在高温下的膨胀效应大于烧结收缩，使产品表现出微膨胀效果，提高了火泥及其被粘接材料的整体性，从而有效减少炼钢、浇钢过程中钢水从火泥缝中溢出造成的漏钢事故。
本发明合理设置各原料的粒度配比，其中蓝晶石的粒度对膨胀率具有明显影响，因此本发明粒度选用临界粒度为0.2mm的蓝晶石，更有助于蓝晶石高温下膨胀效应的产生。电熔莫来石粒度过大会影响火泥的塑性及流动性，而选用全细粉则会增大火泥的收缩率，因此将电熔莫来石的粒度划分为不同的粒度范围并对应不同的重量比，粒度配比合理。
本发明所得产品具有良好的物理性能，其中显气孔率(110℃×24h)为23％～26％、体积密度(110℃×24h)为2.0g/cm3～3.0g/cm3、常温抗折强度(110℃×24h)为4.0MPa～6.0MPa、常温抗折粘接强度(110℃×24h)为2.0MPa～3.0MPa、常温抗折粘接强度(1400℃×3h(埋碳))为4.0MPa～5.0MPa、线变化率(1500℃×3h(埋碳))为+0.1％～+0.4％、常温抗折强度(1500℃×3h(埋碳))为5.0MPa～6.0MPa。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细说明。
实施例1：
滑动水口用微膨胀含碳耐火泥，按重量百分比计，原料组成为：68％的电熔莫来石、5％的蓝晶石、8％的电熔白刚玉粉、5％的煅烧氧化铝微粉、5％的广西白泥、5％的鳞片石墨、2％的固体磷酸二氢铝、2％的氮化硼，外加上述原料总量2％的***树胶粉与1％的羧甲基纤维素。
其中，电熔莫来石包括：0.2mm<粒度1≤0.5mm、0.074mm<粒度2≤0.2mm，粒度3≤0.074mm，不同粒度的重量比为：粒度1：粒度2：粒度3＝8：10：50。
电熔白刚玉粉的粒度≤0.045mm；蓝晶石的粒度≤0.2mm；广西白泥的粒度≤0.2μm；鳞片石墨的粒度≤0.074mm，碳含量≥98％；煅烧氧化铝微粉的粒径D50是1μm～2μm；氮化硼的粒径D50为1μm～2μm。
该含碳耐火泥的生产方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)按配比称取各原料。
(2)将固体磷酸二氢铝、氮化硼、羧甲基纤维素、***树胶粉预先与3％-5％(wt％)的电熔莫来石粉混合，备用，避免加入混料机时小料团聚，造成偏析。
(3)将步骤(2)混合料，与余下原料一起加入锥形混料机，混练时间25min-30min，搅拌均匀后出料打包，注意用带塑料内衬的包装袋密封，防潮，即得干粉状产品。
或将步骤(3)混练后的原料加入搅拌机，加入混练后原料量15％-23％的水搅拌10min-15min，将搅拌好的火泥分装到带有塑料内衬的塑料桶中，将塑料内衬口扎紧后盖好桶盖，即得湿态产品。
本发明干粉状产品，在使用现场加入干粉状产品量15％-23％的水搅拌，得湿态火泥后方可使用。本发明湿态产品在现场使用时无需再加水搅拌，可以直接使用。使用时，将湿态火泥均匀涂抹在上水口外表面，以及上滑板与上水口，下滑板与下水口的连接部位。
所得耐火泥相关性能参数的实验数据见表1。
实施例2：
滑动水口用微膨胀含碳耐火泥，按重量百分比计，原料组成为：65％的电熔莫来石、8％的蓝晶石、8％的电熔白刚玉粉、5％的煅烧氧化铝微粉、5％的广西白泥、5％的鳞片石墨、2％固体磷酸二氢铝、2％的氮化硼，外加上述原料总量2％的***树胶粉与1％的羧甲基纤维素。
其中，电熔莫来石包括：0.2mm<粒度1≤0.5mm、0.074mm<粒度2≤0.2mm，粒度3≤0.074mm，不同粒度的重量比为：粒度1：粒度2：粒度3＝8：7：50。
电熔白刚玉粉的粒度≤0.045mm；蓝晶石的粒度≤0.2mm；广西白泥的粒度≤0.2μm；鳞片石墨的粒度≤0.074mm，碳含量≥98％；煅烧氧化铝微粉的粒径D50是1μm～2μm；氮化硼的粒径D50为1μm～2μm。
该耐火泥的生产方法与实施例1相同。所得耐火泥相关性能参数的实验数据见表1。
实施例3：
滑动水口用微膨胀含碳耐火泥，按重量百分比计，原料组成为：63％的电熔莫来石、10％的蓝晶石、8％的电熔白刚玉粉、5％的煅烧氧化铝微粉、5％的广西白泥、5％的鳞片石墨、2％固体磷酸二氢铝、2％的氮化硼，外加上述原料总量2％的***树胶粉与1％的羧甲基纤维素。
其中，电熔莫来石包括：0.2mm<粒度1≤0.5mm、0.074mm<粒度2≤0.2mm，粒度3≤0.074mm，不同粒度的重量比为：粒度1：粒度2：粒度3＝8：5：50。
电熔白刚玉粉的粒度≤0.045mm；蓝晶石的粒度≤0.2mm；广西白泥的粒度≤0.2μm；鳞片石墨的粒度≤0.074mm，碳含量≥98％；煅烧氧化铝微粉的粒径D50是1μm～2μm；氮化硼的粒径D50为1μm～2μm。
该耐火泥的生产方法与实施例1相同。所得耐火泥相关性能参数的实验数据见表1。
实施例4：
滑动水口用微膨胀含碳耐火泥，按重量百分比计，原料组成为：59％的电熔莫来石、10％的蓝晶石、12％的电熔白刚玉粉、5％的煅烧氧化铝微粉、5％的广西白泥、5％的鳞片石墨、2％的固体磷酸二氢铝、2％的氮化硼，外加上述原料总量2％的***树胶粉与1％的羧甲基纤维素。
其中，电熔莫来石包括：0.2mm<粒度1≤0.5mm、0.074mm<粒度2≤0.2mm，粒度3≤0.074mm，不同粒度的重量比为：粒度1：粒度2：粒度3＝8：5：46。
电熔白刚玉粉的粒度≤0.045mm；蓝晶石的粒度≤0.2mm；广西白泥的粒度≤0.2μm；鳞片石墨的粒度≤0.074mm，碳含量≥98％；煅烧氧化铝微粉的粒径D50是1μm～2μm；氮化硼的粒径D50为1μm～2μm。
该耐火泥的生产方法与实施例1相同。所得耐火泥相关性能参数的实验数据见表1。
实施例5：
滑动水口用微膨胀含碳耐火泥，按重量百分比计，原料组成为：55％的电熔莫来石、10％的蓝晶石、12％的电熔白刚玉粉、10％的煅烧氧化铝微粉、5％的广西白泥、4％的鳞片石墨、3％固体磷酸二氢铝、1％的氮化硼，外加上述原料总量1％的***树胶粉与0.8％的羧甲基纤维素。
其中，电熔莫来石包括：0.2mm<粒度1≤0.5mm、0.074mm<粒度2≤0.2mm，粒度3≤0.074mm，不同粒度的重量比为：粒度1：粒度2：粒度3＝8：5：42。
电熔白刚玉粉的粒度≤0.045mm；蓝晶石的粒度≤0.2mm；广西白泥的粒度≤0.2μm；鳞片石墨的粒度≤0.074mm，碳含量≥98％；煅烧氧化铝微粉的粒径D50是1μm～2μm；氮化硼的粒径D50为1μm～2μm。
该耐火泥的生产方法与实施例1相同。所得耐火泥相关性能参数的实验数据见表1。
实施例6：
滑动水口用微膨胀含碳耐火泥，按重量百分比计，原料组成为：55％的电熔莫来石、10％的蓝晶石、12％的电熔白刚玉粉、5％的煅烧氧化铝微粉、10％的广西白泥、3％的鳞片石墨、4％固体磷酸二氢铝、1％的氮化硼，外加上述原料总量0.5％的羧甲基纤维素。
其中，电熔莫来石包括：0.2mm<粒度1≤0.5mm、0.074mm<粒度2≤0.2mm，粒度3≤0.074mm，不同粒度的重量比为：粒度1：粒度2：粒度3＝8：5：42。
电熔白刚玉粉的粒度≤0.045mm；蓝晶石的粒度≤0.2mm；广西白泥的粒度≤0.2μm；鳞片石墨的粒度≤0.074mm，碳含量≥98％；煅烧氧化铝微粉的粒径D50是1μm～2μm；氮化硼的粒径D50为1μm～2μm。
该耐火泥的生产方法与实施例1相同。所得耐火泥相关性能参数的实验数据见表1。
表1本发明耐火泥使用时的相关性能参数
Figure BDA0003371084400000061
表中，对比例为磷酸盐结合铝铬质火泥(为本发明替代火泥类型)，对比例原料组成按重量百分比计为：板状刚玉80％，氧化铬绿5％，广西白泥10％，磷酸二氢铝5％。
由表1可知，从实施例与对比例的性能参数对比来看，实施例线变化均呈正值，高温下表现出微膨胀，而对比例线变化为负值，高温下表现为体积收缩，实施例产品有利于粘接的稳定性，实施例强度指标偏低，说明其烧结性稍差，更有利于用后火泥的清理，因此实施例表现出高温下微膨胀和用后易清理的特点。

Claims (7)

1.一种滑动水口用微膨胀含碳耐火泥，其特征在于，按重量百分比计，原料组成为：55-68％的电熔莫来石、5-10％的蓝晶石、8-12％的电熔白刚玉粉、5-10％的煅烧氧化铝微粉、5-10％的广西白泥、3-5％的鳞片石墨、2-4％的固体磷酸二氢铝、1-2％的氮化硼，上述原料总量为100％，外加上述原料总量0-2％的***树胶粉与0.5-1％的羧甲基纤维素。
2.如权利要求1所述的含碳耐火泥，其特征在于，所述电熔莫来石包括：0.2mm<粒度1≤0.5mm、0.074mm<粒度2≤0.2mm，粒度3≤0.074mm，不同粒度的重量比为：粒度1：粒度2：粒度3＝8：5-10：42-50。
3.如权利要求1所述的含碳耐火泥，其特征在于，所述电熔白刚玉粉的粒度≤0.045mm；蓝晶石的粒度≤0.2mm；广西白泥的粒度≤0.2μm。
4.如权利要求1所述的含碳耐火泥，其特征在于，所述鳞片石墨的粒度≤0.074mm，碳含量≥98％。
5.如权利要求1所述的含碳耐火泥，其特征在于，所述煅烧氧化铝微粉的粒径D50为1μm-2μm；氮化硼的粒径D50为1μm-2μm。
6.如权利要求1-5任一项所述的含碳耐火泥的生产方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)按配比称取各原料；
(2)将固体磷酸二氢铝、氮化硼、羧甲基纤维素、***树胶粉预先与3％-5％(wt％)的电熔莫来石粉混合，备用；
(3)将步骤(2)混合料，与余下原料一起加入锥形混料机，混练25min-30min，搅拌均匀后出料打包，并用带塑料内衬的包装袋密封，即得干粉状产品。
7.如权利要求6所述的含碳耐火泥的生产方法，其特征在于，还包括以下步骤：将步骤(3)混练后的原料加入搅拌机，加入混练后原料量15％-23％的水搅拌10min-15min，将搅拌好的耐火泥分装到带有塑料内衬的塑料桶中，将塑料内衬口扎紧后盖好桶盖，即得湿态产品。
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