CN113954899A

CN113954899A - Axle bridge type independent wheel pair with back inclination angle

Info

Publication number: CN113954899A
Application number: CN202111362345.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨超; 吴庆; 王文静; 徐宁; 刘志明; ***
Original assignee: Beijing Jiaotong University
Current assignee: Beijing Jiaotong University
Priority date: 2021-11-17
Filing date: 2021-11-17
Publication date: 2022-01-21

Abstract

The invention provides an axle bridge type independent wheel pair with a caster angle, which comprises an independent rotating wheel, a short axle, a crank beam, an axle rocker groove, a guide rod and an axle bridge. Each independent rotating wheel is connected with a short axle through a revolute pair, and each short axle is fixedly connected with a crank arm beam; two sides of the axle bridge are respectively provided with an axle rocker groove; each wheel axle rocker groove is vertically arranged, and the groove wall is provided with a mounting hole and is in pin joint with the crank arm beam through the mounting hole; the central connecting line of the mounting hole of each wheel axle rocking head groove is called a main shaft pin line, and the main shaft pin line has a back inclination angle with the vertical line, so that the wheel axle rocking head groove is integrally arranged in an inclined mode. The axle bridge type independent wheel set has the advantages that the wheels can rotate independently, the axle bridge is concave, the height of the floor of a train body can be reduced, and 100% of low floor is achieved. The wheels on two sides can synchronously turn, the main shaft pin line inclines forwards, the guiding performance of an independent wheel system is improved, the abrasion of the wheel rim is reduced, and the structure is simple and novel.

Description

Axle bridge type independent wheel pair with back inclination angle

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of rolling stock, in particular to an axle bridge type independent wheel pair with a caster angle.

Background

The independent rotating wheel technology is one of the core technologies for developing 100% low-floor trams. The 100% low-floor tramcar adopts the independent rotating wheel bogie, has reduced the floor height of automobile body, makes things convenient for the passenger to get on or off the bus. However, the left wheel and the right wheel of the traditional wheel pair are mutually decoupled, longitudinal creep force does not exist in the wheels, so that the straight line centering performance and the curve passing performance of the independent wheels are poor, the development of the low-floor tramcar is limited, and therefore the problem of guiding the independent wheels needs to be solved urgently.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the invention provides an axle bridge type independent wheel pair with a caster angle, which is used for solving the problems in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.

An axle bridge type independent wheel pair with a caster angle comprises a pair of independent rotating wheels, a pair of short axles, a pair of crank beams, a pair of axle rocker grooves, a guide rod and an axle bridge;

each independent rotating wheel is connected with a short axle through a revolute pair, and each short axle is fixedly connected with a crank arm beam; two sides of the axle bridge are respectively provided with an axle rocker groove; each wheel axle oscillating groove is vertically arranged, and the wall of each wheel axle oscillating groove is provided with a mounting hole and is in pin joint with the crank beam through the mounting hole; the central connecting line of the mounting hole of each wheel axle shaking head groove is called a main shaft pin line, the main shaft pin line and the vertical line form an included angle, the included angle is called a back dip angle, and each wheel axle shaking head groove is obliquely arranged;

two ends of the guide rod are respectively connected with a crank arm beam in a rotating way and are also connected with the axle bridge.

Preferably, the guide bar comprises a body, the two sides of the body are provided with first connecting rods which are vertically connected, and the end part of each first connecting rod is rotatably connected with one crank arm beam; the middle part of the body is also provided with a second connecting rod which is vertically connected, and one side of the second connecting rod is connected with the axle bridge.

Preferably, a damper is further included, by means of which the second connecting rod is connected to the axle bridge.

Preferably, the damper is a pair of lateral dampers, respectively disposed on both sides of the end of the second link.

Preferably, the vehicle further comprises a pair of connecting plates, and each wheel axle rocker slot is connected with the axle bridge through one connecting plate.

Preferably, a pair of axle rocking grooves are mounted on the top of the axle bridge, so that the height of the axis of the short axle is greater than the height of the axle bridge.

Preferably, the axle bridge has two pairs of vertical spring mounts arranged symmetrically.

According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the axle-bridge type independent wheel pair with the caster angle comprises a pair of independent rotating wheels, a pair of short axles, a pair of crank beams, a pair of axle rocker grooves, a guide rod and an axle bridge. Each independent rotating wheel is connected with a short axle through a revolute pair, and each short axle is fixedly connected with a crank arm beam; two sides of the axle bridge are respectively provided with an axle rocker groove; each wheel axle rocker groove is vertically arranged, and the groove wall is provided with a mounting hole and is in pin joint with the crank arm beam through the mounting hole; the central connecting line of the mounting hole of each wheel axle rocking head groove is called a main shaft pin line, and the main shaft pin line has a back inclination angle with the vertical line, so that the wheel axle rocking head groove is integrally arranged in an inclined mode. The axle bridge type independent wheel set has the advantages that the wheels can rotate independently, the axle bridge is concave, the height of the floor of a train body can be reduced, and 100% of low floor is achieved. The wheels on two sides can synchronously turn, the main shaft pin line inclines forwards, the guiding performance of an independent wheel system is improved, the abrasion of the wheel rim is reduced, and the structure is simple and novel.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a top plan view of an axle-bridge independent wheel set having a caster angle provided in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of an axle-bridge independent wheel set having a caster angle provided in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a front view of an axle-bridge independent wheel set having a caster angle in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a guide bar of an axle-bridge independent wheel set with caster angle according to the present invention.

In the figure:

1. independently rotating the wheel; 2. a short axle; 3. a curved arm beam; 4. a wheel axle rocker slot; 5. a connecting plate; 6. a shaft bridge; 7. a vertical spring mounting seat; 8. a guide rod 81, a body 82, a first connecting rod 83 and a second connecting rod; 9. a shock absorber;

a. a main axis pintle, b, a perpendicular.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Further, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or coupled. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

For the convenience of understanding the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will be further explained by taking several specific embodiments as examples in conjunction with the drawings, and the embodiments are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.

The embodiment of the invention provides an axle bridge type independent wheel pair with a caster angle, which is applied to a low-floor tramcar and is used for improving the guiding capability of an independent wheel bogie and improving the automatic centering performance and the curve passing performance of the bogie.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides an axle-bridge type independent wheel set with a caster angle, comprising a pair of independently rotating wheels 1, a pair of stub axles 2, a pair of crank beams 3 and a pair of axle wobbler grooves 4, as well as a guide bar 8 and an axle bridge 6.

Each independently rotatable wheel 1 is connected (e.g. articulated) to a stub axle 2 via a revolute pair, each stub axle 2 being fixedly connected to a crank beam 3. Two sides of the axle bridge 6 are respectively provided with an axle shaking head groove 4. In the embodiment provided by the invention, each axle rocking head groove 4 is vertically arranged, the vertically arranged axle rocking head grooves 4 are integrally in a U-shaped structure, the groove walls of the axle rocking head grooves are positioned at two vertical sides, the groove openings face to the independent rotating wheels 1, the upper groove wall and the lower groove wall of each axle rocking head groove 4 are respectively provided with a mounting hole, and the upper groove wall and the lower groove wall of each axle rocking head groove 4 are connected with the crank arm beam 3 through a pin shaft through the mounting holes (the crank arm beam 3 is provided with a through hole matched with the mounting hole). The line connecting the centers of the mounting holes of each wheel axle rocker pocket 4 is called the spindle axis a. As shown in fig. 2, the main axis line a is inclined in the plane of the sectional view at an angle from the vertical perpendicular line b, which is referred to as a back rake angle in the embodiment provided by the present invention, so that the main axis line a is in a forward tilted state (the upper end of the main axis line a is tilted toward the vehicle head, the lower end thereof is tilted toward the vehicle tail, and the back rake angle thereof is a negative value, so that the state is forward tilted), that is, each wheel axle rocker pocket 4 is disposed to be tilted as a whole, and the crank beam 3 pinned thereto is disposed to be tilted. The main axis lines a of the wheel axle shaking head grooves 4 on the two sides of the independent wheel pairs are parallel to each other.

Two ends of the guide rod 8 are respectively connected with a crank arm beam 3 in a rotating way and are also connected with the axle bridge 6.

In the embodiment provided by the invention, the crank arm beams 3 are in pin joint with the wheel axle rocker groove 4, so that the crank arm beams 3 can rock relative to the wheel axle rocker groove 4, the two crank arm beams 3 are connected through the guide rod 8, and the crank arm beams 3 on the two sides and the independent rotating wheel 1 can synchronously rotate. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the crank beams 3 of the independent rotating wheels 1 on the left and right sides are connected through the guide rods 8 to couple the left and right wheels, so that the independent rotating wheels 1 can synchronously turn, and the oscillation amplitude of the wheels can be inhibited through the action of the transverse shock absorbers; the main axis line a of the independent wheel set is inclined forward, so that the wheel rail contact point is deviated from the main axis line a. On a linear rail, an independent wheel pair is transversely disturbed to generate transverse deviation, a transverse creeping force is generated on a wheel rail contact surface, and the force generates a turning moment relative to a main shaft pin line, so that a walking part can automatically return to a normal position; on a curve track, the restoring force provided by gravity generates a restoring moment relative to an inclined main shaft pin line, so that the independent rotating wheel 1 can be automatically adjusted to a radial position when running on a curve, can be automatically guided on the curve, reduces an attack angle between the wheel and the track, and reduces the abrasion of the wheel rim.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the guide bar 8 is a chevron structure, which includes a body 81, the body 81 has first links 82 vertically connected at both sides, and the end of each first link 82 is rotatably connected (e.g., hinged) to one of the crank beams 3; the middle part of the body 81 is also provided with a second connecting rod 83 which is vertically connected, and one side of the second connecting rod 83 is connected with the axle bridge 6.

Furthermore, the axle-bridge independent wheel set also has a damper 9, and the second connecting rod 83 is connected with the axle bridge 6 through the damper 9. Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the damper 9 is a pair of lateral dampers 9, which are respectively disposed on both sides of the end portion of the second link 83. The amplitude of the wheel oscillation can be suppressed by the action of the damper 9.

In a preferred embodiment provided by the present invention, the whole axle-bridge independent wheel set is of a concave structure, specifically: a pair of independently rotating wheels 1, a pair of stub axles 2, a pair of crank beams 3 and a pair of axle rocker slots 4 are respectively positioned at both sides of the axle body, and the pair of axle rocker slots 4 are installed at the top of the axle bridge 6 so that the height of the axis of the stub axle 2 is greater than that of the axle body, i.e., the height of the position of the axle bridge 6 is lower than that of the axis of the stub axle 2. The recessed structure is beneficial to laying low floors of railway vehicles.

Further, the axle bridge 6 has two pairs of vertical spring mounts 7 arranged symmetrically. As shown in FIG. 1, the two pairs of vertical spring mounting seats 7 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the axle bridge 6 along the width direction of the axle bridge 6, and each pair of vertical spring mounting seats 7 is symmetrically arranged along the length direction of the axle bridge 6.

Furthermore, the axle-bridge independent wheel pair is also provided with a pair of connecting plates 5 which are respectively vertically arranged (L-shaped plates can be adopted) at two sides of the top of the axle bridge 6, and the axle shaking groove 4 is connected with the axle bridge 6 through the connecting plates 5.

In summary, the axle-bridge independent wheel set with a caster angle provided by the invention comprises a pair of independent rotating wheels, a pair of short axles, a pair of crank beams, a pair of axle rocker grooves, a guide rod and an axle bridge. Each independent rotating wheel is connected with a short axle through a revolute pair, and each short axle is fixedly connected with a crank arm beam; two sides of the axle bridge are respectively provided with an axle rocker groove; each wheel axle oscillating groove is vertically arranged, and the wall of each wheel axle oscillating groove is provided with a mounting hole and is in pin joint with the crank beam through the mounting hole; the central connecting line of the mounting hole of each wheel axle shaking head groove is called a main shaft pin line, the main shaft pin line and the vertical line form an included angle, the included angle is called a back inclination angle, and the whole shaking head groove of each wheel axle is obliquely arranged; two ends of the guide rod are respectively connected with a crank arm beam in a rotating way and are also connected with the axle bridge. The axle bridge type independent wheel set has the advantages that the wheels can rotate independently, the axle bridge is concave, the height of the floor of a train body can be reduced, and 100% of low floor is achieved. The wheels on two sides can synchronously turn, the main shaft pin line inclines forwards, the guiding performance of an independent wheel system is improved, the abrasion of the wheel rim is reduced, and the structure is simple and novel.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the figures are merely schematic representations of one embodiment, and the blocks or flow diagrams in the figures are not necessarily required to practice the present invention.

From the above description of the embodiments, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be implemented by software plus necessary general hardware platform. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method according to the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for apparatus or system embodiments, since they are substantially similar to method embodiments, they are described in relative terms, as long as they are described in partial descriptions of method embodiments. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus and system are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An axle bridge type independent wheel pair with a caster angle is characterized by comprising a pair of independent rotating wheels, a pair of short axles, a pair of crank beams, a pair of axle rocker grooves, a guide rod and an axle bridge;

each independent rotating wheel is connected with one short axle through a revolute pair, and each short axle is fixedly connected with one crank arm beam; the two sides of the axle bridge are respectively provided with the axle rocker groove; each wheel shaft shaking groove is vertically arranged, and the wall of each wheel shaft shaking groove is provided with a mounting hole and is in pin joint with the crank beam through the mounting hole; a central connecting line of the mounting hole of each wheel axle shaking head groove is called a main shaft pin line, the main shaft pin line and a vertical line form an included angle, the included angle is called a back dip angle, and each wheel axle shaking head groove is obliquely arranged;

and two ends of the guide rod are respectively connected with one crank arm beam in a rotating way and are also connected with the axle bridge.

2. The axle bridge type independent spoke according to claim 1, wherein the guide bar comprises a body having vertically connected first links at both sides, each of the first links having an end rotatably connected to one of the crank beams; the middle part of the body is also provided with a second connecting rod which is vertically connected, and one side of the second connecting rod is connected with the axle bridge.

3. The axle bridge type independent spoke according to claim 2, further comprising a damper through which the second link is connected to the axle bridge.

4. The axle bridge type independent spoke according to claim 3, wherein the damper is a pair of transverse dampers disposed on both sides of the end of the second link.

5. The axle bridge type independent spoke according to claim 1, further comprising a pair of connecting plates, each of the axle rocker pockets being connected to the axle bridge by one of the connecting plates.

6. The axle bridge type independent spoke according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the pair of wheel axle rocker pockets are installed at the top of the axle bridge such that the axial height of the short axle is greater than the height of the axle bridge.

7. The axle bridge type independent spoke according to claim 6, wherein the axle bridge has two pairs of vertical spring mounts symmetrically arranged.