CN113952830B - Full-dry desulfurization and dust removal method and device for calcium-based moving bed - Google Patents
Full-dry desulfurization and dust removal method and device for calcium-based moving bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN113952830B CN113952830B CN202111354533.6A CN202111354533A CN113952830B CN 113952830 B CN113952830 B CN 113952830B CN 202111354533 A CN202111354533 A CN 202111354533A CN 113952830 B CN113952830 B CN 113952830B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims description 52
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 273
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 264
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 134
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 134
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000790 scattering method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010891 toxic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
- B01D53/508—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with solids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D49/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by other methods
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
- B01D53/83—Solid phase processes with moving reactants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/96—Regeneration, reactivation or recycling of reactants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
- B01D2251/404—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of calcium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
Abstract
The calcium-based moving bed full-dry desulfurization dust-removing method and device relates to the technical field of flue gas desulfurization dust-removing, in particular to a moving bed full-dry desulfurization dust-removing technology, and comprises a feeding process, a desulfurization dust-removing process and a discharging process, wherein the feeding process is to convey desulfurizing agents into all desulfurizing agent bins of a moving bed dry tower. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of improving the utilization rate of the desulfurizing agent, increasing the sulfur capacity, reducing the using amount of the desulfurizing agent and saving the running cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flue gas desulfurization and dust removal, in particular to a moving bed full-dry desulfurization and dust removal technology.
Background
With the increasing tightening of environmental protection policies, the national requirements on flue gas treatment are increasingly strict. The emission standard of the industrial pollutants in the local province and city of the flue gas has higher requirements on ultra-low emission of particulate matters and sulfur dioxide and white smoke removal of the flue gas, namely: the particle is less than or equal to 10mg/m 3 Sulfur dioxide less than or equal to 10mg/m 3 The chimney outlet has no white smoke (white smoke is formed by blocking light by liquid water drops carried by the smoke).
At present, the flue gas sources of ceramic-building enterprises mainly are flue gas generated by kiln combustion, and the temperature of the flue gas is generally 100-300 ℃.
The vast majority of current flue gas treatment processes are wet processes. This process requires the addition of water. Wet desulfurization adds a large amount of water to dissolve the absorbent and uses the absorbent solution to remove contaminants, which has the following disadvantages:
(one) generating wastewater: part of the added water contacts with the flue gas to dissolve harmful substances such as acid gas, dust, heavy metal and the like in the flue gas, so that toxic waste water is formed and discharged out of the system. This portion of the wastewater needs to be treated.
(II) white smoke is generated: some added water is discharged from the top of the chimney along with smoke to form fog drops to shield sunlight, thick white smoke is visually generated, visual pollution is caused, and complaint behaviors of surrounding residents can be caused.
And (III) influencing monitoring accuracy: the online smoke monitoring is a laser scattering method, laser irradiates in suspended particles to generate scattering, and the concentration of the smoke converted from the scattered light intensity is measured. Mist droplets can also scatter the laser light, interfering with monitoring accuracy. The lower the smoke concentration, the greater the mist concentration, and the more serious the disturbance.
And (IV) corroding surrounding buildings: and part of the added water is discharged from the top of the chimney along with the flue gas, forms large-particle water drops, and then subsides to corrode the reinforced concrete building on the ground.
And (V) the particulate matter removal cost is high: wet desulfurization alone cannot reduce particulate emissions to 10mg/m 3 In the following, a wet electric dust collector with high power consumption is additionally added to reach the ultra-low emission standard of the particulate matters.
And (six) the number of pump equipment is large, the number of rotary machines is large, and the operation and maintenance difficulties are large.
Due to the various inherent drawbacks described above, conventional wet techniques are being phased out. Instead, dry desulfurization techniques are used.
As shown in fig. 5, the conventional dry desulfurization technique is:
the basic flow of the feeding system a is as follows: the ton bags packed granular desulfurizing agent (cylinder, diameter 4-10 mm, length 20-30 mm, porous granular material prepared by lime, binder and pore-forming agent) is transported to the fume treatment system area by truck and discharged on the ground.
The ground is provided with a bucket elevator. The operator operates the forklift to fork the ton bag. And opening a rope opening at the bottom of the ton bag, enabling the desulfurizing agent to fall into a feed inlet of the bucket elevator, conveying the desulfurizing agent to a raw material bin through the elevator, and discharging the desulfurizing agent to the raw material bin for storage.
The bottom of the raw material bin is provided with a feed opening. And (3) feeding the granular materials into a feed inlet of a bucket elevator through a belt conveyor, and feeding the granular materials into a desulfurizing tower through the elevator.
The basic flow of the desulfurization and dust removal system b is as follows: the desulfurizing tower is internally provided with a sub-bin structure, and each bin corresponds to one feed opening. The inside of the bin is provided with a desulfurizing agent bin surrounded by shutters, and the desulfurizing agent is stacked in the desulfurizing agent bin after being discharged. Flue gas enters the desulfurizing agent bin from the outside of the desulfurizing agent bin through the gaps of the blades.
The bottom of the bin is provided with a smoke inlet, and the top of the bin is provided with a smoke outlet. Raw flue gas enters the desulfurizing agent bin from the flue gas inlet through the shutter, and passes through the desulfurizing agent from bottom to top. Sulfur dioxide and dust are adsorbed by the desulfurizing agent and are removed by chemical reaction with lime therein. The purified flue gas flows into a chimney d through a flue gas outlet and is discharged.
The basic flow of the discharging system c is as follows: and discharging the aged desulfurizing agent from the bottom of the desulfurizing agent bin to a belt conveyor. The conveyor is conveyed into the bucket elevator, conveyed to the top of the waste bin through the elevator, and discharged into the waste bin for storage.
A loading platform is arranged below the waste bin and can be used for a transport truck to start in. After the waste bin is full, a gate valve at the bottom of the waste bin is opened, so that the waste can directly fall onto a carriage of a transport truck. And after the unloading is finished, transporting the waste to a waste recycling center outside the factory for treatment.
The existing dry desulfurization technology has the problems of uneven flue gas distribution, low desulfurizing agent utilization rate, excessive sulfur dioxide adsorption and the like.
As shown in fig. 5, the smoke inlet is arranged at the lower part of the desulfurizing agent bin, the smoke outlet is arranged at the upper part of the desulfurizing agent bin, and the raw smoke necessarily flows to the smoke outlet after entering the desulfurizing agent bin. The part far away from the smoke inlet and the smoke outlet is difficult to flow, and the problem of uneven distribution of smoke in the bin is presented. Raw flue gas passes through the desulfurizing agent from the lower part of the desulfurizing agent bin to the upper part of the desulfurizing agent bin and is discharged. From the trend of the flue gas, it is easy to know that the closer to the flue gas inlet, the higher the desulfurizing agent utilization rate. Therefore, the desulfurizing agent utilization rate of the desulfurizing agent bin is also uneven. Since the desulfurization agent utilization rate of a plurality of bins far from the flue gas inlet is low, the desulfurization agent in the bins is discharged, and the utilization rate is usually less than 50%, so that the old materials are wasted. And the sulfur dioxide is required to be reduced to a certain concentration in environmental protection. And due to lack of regulation measures, when the activity of the desulfurizing agent is strong, sulfur dioxide is adsorbed completely, and the concentration of sulfur dioxide in clean flue gas is 0, which is also an unnecessary consumption of the desulfurizing agent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the full-dry type calcium-based moving bed desulfurization dust removal method and device which have the advantages of recycling old materials, improving the utilization rate of a desulfurizing agent, reducing the use amount of the desulfurizing agent, saving the running cost, no water consumption, no wastewater discharge, low smoke resistance, no visual pollution, no corrosion and good pollutant removal effect.
The invention relates to a full dry desulfurizing and dedusting method of a calcium-based moving bed, which comprises a feeding process, a desulfurizing and dedusting process for desulfurizing and dedusting flue gas and a discharging process, wherein the feeding process is to send desulfurizing agents into all desulfurizing agent bins of a moving bed dry tower, and is characterized in that a desulfurizing agent recycling process is arranged between the discharging process and the feeding process, and the desulfurizing agent recycling process is to send old desulfurizing agents of the desulfurizing agent bins with low utilization rate into the desulfurizing agent bins again after being taken out from the desulfurizing agent bins or to send the old desulfurizing agents of the desulfurizing agent bins after being mixed with new desulfurizing agents, and send waste materials to be recycled after the old desulfurizing agents of the desulfurizing agent bins with high utilization rate are taken out.
Here, the old desulfurizing agent of the desulfurizing agent bin with low utilization rate is taken out from the desulfurizing agent bin and then is fed into the desulfurizing agent bin with small flue gas passing amount.
Preferably, the desulfurization and dust removal process is that the flue gas sequentially flows through n desulfurizing agent bins of a moving bed dry method tower, n=2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 … …, new desulfurizing agent is fed into the desulfurizing agent bin through which the flue gas finally flows, old desulfurizing agent taken out from the mth desulfurizing agent bin is fed into the mth-1 desulfurizing agent bin adjacent to the mth desulfurizing agent bin again, m is more than 1 and less than n, and the old desulfurizing agent taken out from the desulfurizing agent bin through which the flue gas to be desulfurized flows first is fed into waste recycling treatment.
Preferably, part of the flue gas before desulfurization and dust removal is removed by desulfurizationThe flue gas after dust is mixed and discharged. Because the environmental protection requires that sulfur dioxide and particulate matters only need to be low to a certain concentration, namely: the particle is less than or equal to 10mg/m 3 Sulfur dioxide less than or equal to 10mg/m 3 The sulfur dioxide and particulate matters content of the flue gas subjected to desulfurization and dust removal are very low, and part of the flue gas before desulfurization and dust removal is mixed with the flue gas subjected to desulfurization and dust removal and then discharged, so that the flue gas treatment cost is reduced, and meanwhile, the temperature of the flue gas subjected to desulfurization and dust removal can be effectively balanced, so that the concentrated generation of white smoke (condensed water mist) is reduced.
According to the invention, a recycling mode is adopted, the desulfurizer with low utilization rate is re-put into the desulfurizer bin, and after re-put, the desulfurizer with nonuniform desulfurization reaction is re-mixed uniformly in the process of collecting and putting, and then re-put is carried out, so that the desulfurization effect of the re-put desulfurizer is not affected, and the desulfurizer can be fully utilized; the recycled desulfurizing agent is put into a desulfurizing agent bin with less flue gas passing amount, so that the requirement of flue gas desulfurization on the desulfurizing capability of the desulfurizing agent is met, and meanwhile, the desulfurizing agent can be fully utilized; the flue gas sequentially flows through n desulfurizing agent bins of the moving bed dry method tower to carry out hierarchical desulfurization, and the desulfurizing agents sequentially flow and are put in the opposite direction, so that the full desulfurization of the flue gas is ensured, and meanwhile, the desulfurizing agents are more fully utilized.
The beneficial effects are that:
(1) zero water consumption: because the technical system of the invention does not need to spray any water, the desulfurization completely depends on the pores of the desulfurizing agent to adsorb pollutants, and the water consumption is zero;
(2) zero wastewater discharge: the adsorption reaction does not generate any water, and the whole system realizes zero wastewater discharge;
(3) the smoke resistance is low: the whole system only has one resistance point of the desulfurizing agent, which is much smaller than the traditional process methods with a plurality of resistance points such as wet method, semi-dry method and the like;
(4) no visual pollution: as no water is sprayed, the temperature of the flue gas is not reduced, and the temperature discharged from a chimney is almost the same as the temperature of the original flue gas, and the flue gas belongs to high-temperature flue gas. The white smoke forming substance is mainly liquid water, and the liquid water is completely evaporated at high temperature to form transparent vapor which is invisible to naked eyes. The sulfur dioxide, dust and other polluted gases are removed completely, so that the finally discharged flue gas is completely colorless and transparent, invisible to naked eyes and free of visual pollution;
(5) no corrosion: the acid gas is gaseous under the high temperature condition, and has no corrosion capability. So that the full dry method equipment is free from corrosion;
(6) contaminant removal effect: the desulfurizing agent is porous, has a plurality of micro-scale pores and nano-scale pores which are difficult to distinguish by naked eyes, has extremely strong adsorption performance, can adsorb a large amount of acid gas and dust into the pores, and the content of sulfur dioxide and dust in treated flue gas is lower than 10mg/m 3 ；
(7) The degree of automation is high: the whole set of system adopts full-automatic control, feeding and discharging are not interfered by human, and the whole set of system can be operated and run by only one forklift by completely regulating and controlling by using meters such as a thermometer, a differential pressure meter and the like.
(8) The sulfur dioxide content of the outlet flue gas can be adjusted: due to the arrangement of the bypass flue, the amount of untreated flue gas in the outlet flue gas can be regulated, so that the concentration of sulfur dioxide is regulated, and the purpose of saving desulfurizing agent is achieved;
(9) the flue gas distribution is uniform: due to the arrangement of the flow guiding structure, the flue gas is uniformly distributed, and all parts of the desulfurizing agent layer can be fully contacted with the flue gas.
The potential of the waste desulfurizing agent is fully developed. Through the reasonable proportion of the novel materials and the waste desulfurizing agent, the waste desulfurizing agent can be returned to the desulfurizing tower for recycling. The potential of the desulfurizing agent can be fully excavated, the utilization rate of the desulfurizing agent is greatly improved, the use amount of the desulfurizing agent is reduced, and the running cost is saved.
The scheme I of the calcium-based moving bed all-dry desulfurization dust removal device is realized by comprising a feeding system, a desulfurization dust removal system and a discharging system, wherein the feeding system comprises a raw material throwing mechanism, a raw material bin connected with the raw material throwing mechanism and a desulfurization agent transmission throwing mechanism connected with the raw material bin, the desulfurization dust removal system comprises a moving bed dry method tower with a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet, a plurality of desulfurization agent bins arranged in the moving bed dry method tower, the desulfurization agent bin inlets of the plurality of desulfurization agent bins with inlet bin valves are connected with the desulfurization agent throwing ports of the desulfurization agent transmission throwing mechanism, the discharging system comprises a desulfurization agent collecting port and a desulfurization agent collecting and conveying mechanism connected with the desulfurization agent bin outlets of the plurality of desulfurization agent bins with outlet bin valves, a waste bin inlet with waste material inlet bin valves is connected with a first waste material outlet of the desulfurization agent collecting and conveying mechanism, a shutter window inclined to the inside of the desulfurization agent bin is arranged on the side wall of the desulfurization agent bin.
During operation, the raw material throwing mechanism conveys new desulfurizing agents to the raw material bin for storage, the desulfurizing agent conveying throwing mechanism conveys the desulfurizing agents to each desulfurizing agent bin, the desulfurizing agent utilization rate reaches the set high utilization rate and is conveyed to the waste material bin through the desulfurizing agent collecting and conveying mechanism according to the desulfurizing agent utilization rate of the desulfurizing agent bin, the desulfurizing agents with low desulfurizing agent utilization rate are conveyed to the recycling bin, and then are thrown into the desulfurizing agent bin again through the desulfurizing agent conveying throwing mechanism after being singly mixed with the new desulfurizing agents.
The scheme II of the calcium-based moving bed full-dry desulfurization dust removal device is realized by comprising a feeding system, a desulfurization dust removal system and a waste bin, wherein the feeding system comprises a raw material throwing mechanism, a raw material bin connected with the raw material throwing mechanism and a desulfurizing agent transmission throwing mechanism connected with the raw material bin, the desulfurization dust removal system comprises a moving bed dry method tower connected with a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet respectively, a desulfurizing agent bin arranged in the moving bed dry method tower, a louver inclined to the inside of the desulfurizing agent bin is arranged on the side wall of the desulfurizing agent bin, the scheme II is characterized in that n moving bed dry method towers with the desulfurizing agent bin are provided, n=2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 … …, each moving bed dry method tower with the desulfurizing agent bin is provided with a desulfurizing agent transmission mechanism, the nth flue gas outlet of the nth moving bed dry method tower is a flue gas outlet after final sulfur removal, the desulfurizing agent delivery opening of the desulfurizing agent delivery and delivery mechanism is connected with the nth desulfurizing agent bin inlet of the nth desulfurizing agent bin of the nth moving bed dry method tower, the mth flue gas inlet of the mth moving bed dry method tower is connected with the mth-1 flue gas outlet of the mth moving bed dry method tower, the mth desulfurizing agent bin outlet of the mth desulfurizing agent bin of the mth moving bed dry method tower is connected with the mth-1 desulfurizing agent bin inlet of the mth-1 desulfurizing agent bin of the mth-1 moving bed dry method tower through the mth desulfurizing agent transmission mechanism, m is less than or equal to n, the 1 st desulfurizing agent bin outlet of the 1 st desulfurizing agent bin of the 1 st moving bed dry method tower is connected with the waste bin through the 1 st desulfurizing agent transmission mechanism, and the 1 st flue gas inlet of the 1 st moving bed dry method tower is the flue gas inlet of the flue gas to be subjected to sulfur removal.
When the desulfurization device works, the flue gas to be desulfurized enters from the 1 st flue gas inlet of the first moving bed dry method tower, flows through each moving bed dry method tower in sequence after being desulfurized by the desulfurizing agent in the 1 st desulfurizing agent bin, and is desulfurized by the desulfurizing agent in each desulfurizing agent bin of the moving bed dry method tower in sequence, so that after the sulfur is removed in multiple stages, the sulfur in the flue gas can be completely removed, and the sulfur removal in the flue gas is classified, and the sulfur content in the flue gas is reduced along with the removal of the sulfur in the flue gas, the desulfurizing agent gradually transits from the desulfurizing agent with high utilization rate to the desulfurizing agent with low utilization rate to the new desulfurizing agent in the n desulfurizing agent bin of the last n moving bed dry method tower, so that the sulfur in the flue gas can be completely and effectively removed, and meanwhile, the sulfur removal capability of the desulfurizing agent can be fully utilized.
Here, in order to make the flue gas flow through all desulfurizing agents uniformly, be provided with the guide plate between the flue gas import and the desulfurizing agent storehouse of moving bed dry process tower, be provided with a plurality of water conservancy diversion holes on the guide plate, the size of water conservancy diversion hole is so, and the aperture of water conservancy diversion hole that is close to the flue gas import is little, and the aperture of keeping away from the flue gas import is big. Thus, the resistance of the flue gas circulation is regulated by the size of the air guide hole, so that the flue gas can uniformly flow to the desulfurizing agent at all positions of the desulfurizing agent bin, and the utilization rate of the desulfurizing agent at all positions of the desulfurizing agent bin is uniform and balanced.
Holes of the guide plate close to the bottom of the desulfurizing agent bin are V-shaped to match with the bottom of the desulfurizing agent bin in the shape of V so as to ensure that flue gas uniformly flows through desulfurizing agent at the lower part of the desulfurizing agent bin in the shape of V.
Due to the arrangement of the flow guiding structure, the flue gas is uniformly distributed, and all parts of the desulfurizing agent layer can be fully contacted with the flue gas.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the functions of uniformly distributing flue gas, recycling old materials and regulating the bypass of sulfur dioxide, improves the utilization rate of the desulfurizing agent, reduces the use amount of the desulfurizing agent and saves the operation cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment 1 of a calcium-based moving bed all-dry desulfurization dust collector of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment 2 of a calcium-based moving bed all-dry desulfurization dust-removing device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of K-K of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional L-L view of FIG. 2;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a prior art structure.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:
as shown in fig. 1, an embodiment 1 of the calcium-based moving bed full-dry desulfurization dust collector comprises a feeding system a, a desulfurization dust collection system b, a discharging system c and a chimney d, wherein the feeding system a comprises a raw material feeding mechanism 1, a raw material bin 2 connected with the raw material feeding mechanism 1, and a desulfurizing agent transmission feeding mechanism 3 connected with the raw material bin 2, the raw material feeding mechanism 1 comprises a raw material bucket machine 101, a raw material conveying belt 102 connected with the raw material bucket machine 101, an outlet of the raw material conveying belt 102 is connected with a raw material inlet 202 of the raw material bin 2 and provided with an inlet gate valve and a star-shaped discharging valve 201, the desulfurizing agent transmission feeding mechanism 3 comprises a raw material conveyor 301 connected with a raw material outlet 204 of the raw material bin 2 and provided with an outlet gate valve and a star-shaped discharging valve 203, a desulfurizing agent bucket 302 connected with the raw material conveyor 301, and a desulfurizing agent conveying belt 303 connected with the desulfurizing agent bucket 302, the desulfurization dust removal system b comprises a moving bed dry method tower 4 with a flue gas inlet 401 and a flue gas outlet 402, a plurality of desulfurizing agent bins 5 with desulfurizing agent bin inlets 501 and desulfurizing agent bin outlets 502 which are arranged in the moving bed dry method tower 4, a shutter 503 inclined to the inside of the desulfurizing agent bins 5 is arranged on the side wall of the desulfurizing agent bins 5, flue gas to be desulfurized enters from the flue gas inlet 401 of the moving bed dry method tower 4, flue gas after being desulfurized flows out from the flue gas outlet 402 and is discharged into the atmosphere through a chimney d, the desulfurizing agent bin inlets 501 with inlet bin star-shaped discharge valves 504 of the plurality of desulfurizing agent bins 5 are connected with the desulfurizing agent feeding openings of the desulfurizing agent conveying and feeding mechanism 3, the discharging system c comprises a desulfurizing agent collecting and conveying mechanism 6, a desulfurizing agent bin outlet 502 with outlet gate valves and bin star-shaped discharge valves 505 of the plurality of desulfurizing agent bins 5 are connected with the desulfurizing agent bin outlets 502, the desulfurizing agent recycling system e is characterized by comprising a recycling bin 11 and a return conveying mechanism 12, wherein the recycling bin recycling system e comprises a recycling bin 11 and a return conveying mechanism 12, a recycling bin feed port 1102 with a recycling bin inlet gate valve and a star-shaped discharge valve 1101 is connected with a second waste outlet of the waste conveying belt 9, and a recycling bin discharge port 1104 with a recycling bin outlet gate valve and a star-shaped discharge valve 1103 of the recycling bin 11 is connected with the desulfurizing agent lifting hopper 302 of the desulfurizing agent conveying and throwing mechanism 3 through the return conveying mechanism 12.
Further, a bypass flue 13 with a gate valve 1301 is provided between the flue gas inlet 401 and the flue gas outlet 402 of the moving bed dry tower 4. The bypass flue 13 is arranged, so that the amount of untreated flue gas in the outlet flue gas can be adjusted, and the concentration of sulfur dioxide is further adjusted, thereby achieving the purpose of saving desulfurizing agent.
The invention relates to a full dry desulfurization dust removal method of a calcium-based moving bed, which comprises a feeding process, a desulfurization dust removal process and a discharging process, wherein the feeding process is that a bagged new desulfurizing agent F is sent into a raw material lifting hopper of a raw material lifting hopper machine 101 of a feeding system a through a forklift G, then lifted to a raw material conveying belt 102 by the raw material lifting hopper machine 101, then sent into a raw material bin 2 through the raw material conveying belt 102, the new desulfurizing agent of the raw material bin 2 sequentially passes through a raw material conveying machine 301 of a desulfurizing agent conveying and throwing mechanism 3, a desulfurizing agent lifting hopper 302 connected with the raw material conveying machine 301, a desulfurizing agent conveying belt 303 connected with the desulfurizing agent lifting hopper 302 sends the desulfurizing agent into each desulfurizing agent bin 5 of a moving bed dry method tower 4, a desulfurizing agent recycling process is arranged between the discharging process and the feeding process, the desulfurizing agent recycling process is that an old desulfurizing agent (such as lower than 50%) of the desulfurizing agent bin 5 is taken out from the desulfurizing agent bin 5 and then sent back into the bin 11 through a desulfurizing agent collecting and conveying mechanism 6, then sent to the bin 11 through a return conveying mechanism 12 to the raw material lifting hopper machine 101 sequentially, then sent to the waste agent lifting hopper 5 through a moving bed 5 through a plate valve 10, and finally sent to a waste material recycling bin 5 through a high-conveying truck 10, and a waste material is sent to the bin 5 after the waste material is mixed with the waste material is sent to the waste material after the waste material is sent to the waste material.
Here, the old desulfurizing agent of the desulfurizing agent chamber 5 having a low utilization ratio is taken out from the desulfurizing agent chamber 5 and then fed again into the desulfurizing agent chamber 5 having a small flue gas passage amount.
The scheme II of the calcium-based moving bed full-dry desulfurization dust removal device is realized by comprising a feeding system a, a desulfurization dust removal system b, a waste bin 10 and a chimney d, wherein the feeding system a comprises a raw material feeding mechanism 1, a raw material bin 2 connected with the raw material feeding mechanism 1 and a desulfurizing agent transmission feeding mechanism 3 connected with the raw material bin 2, the raw material feeding mechanism 1 comprises a raw material bucket lifting machine 101 and a raw material conveying belt 102 connected with the raw material bucket machine 101, an outlet of the raw material conveying belt 102 is connected with a raw material inlet 202 of the raw material bin 2 and provided with an inlet gate valve and a star-shaped discharge valve 201, the desulfurizing agent transmission feeding mechanism 3 comprises a raw material conveyor 301 connected with a raw material outlet 204 of the raw material bin 2 and provided with an outlet gate valve and a star-shaped discharge valve 203, a desulfurizing agent lifting bucket 302 connected with the raw material conveyor 01 and a desulfurizing agent conveying belt 303 connected with the desulfurizing agent lifting bucket 302, the desulfurization dust removal system comprises a moving bed dry method tower 4 connected with a flue gas inlet 401 and a flue gas outlet 402 respectively, a desulfurizing agent bin 5 arranged in the moving bed dry method tower 4, a shutter 503 inclined to the inside of the desulfurizing agent bin 5 is arranged on the side wall of the desulfurizing agent bin 5, the desulfurization dust removal system is characterized in that n moving bed dry method towers 4 with desulfurizing agent bins 5 are provided, n=2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 … …, each moving bed dry method tower 4 with desulfurizing agent bins 5 is provided with a desulfurizing agent transmission mechanism 14, the desulfurizing agent transmission mechanism 14 comprises a desulfurizing agent conveyor 1401, a desulfurizing agent lifting hopper 1402 connected with the desulfurizing agent conveyor 1401, a desulfurizing agent conveying belt 1403 connected with the desulfurizing agent lifting hopper 1402, the nth flue gas outlet 402 of the nth moving bed dry method tower 4 is the outlet of the flue gas after final sulfur removal, the desulfurizing agent delivery opening of the desulfurizing agent delivery mechanism 3 is connected with an nth desulfurizing agent bin inlet 501 of an nth desulfurizing agent bin 5 of the nth moving bed dry tower 4 and provided with an inlet bin star-shaped discharge valve 504, an mth flue gas inlet 401 of the mth moving bed dry tower 4 is connected with an mth-1 flue gas outlet 402 of the mth-1 moving bed dry tower 4, an mth desulfurizing agent bin outlet 502 of the mth desulfurizing agent bin 5 of the mth moving bed dry tower 4 and provided with an outlet bin gate valve and a bin star-shaped discharge valve 505 is connected with an mth-1 desulfurizing agent bin inlet 501 of the mth-1 desulfurizing agent bin 5 of the mth-1 moving bed dry tower 4 through an mth desulfurizing agent transmission mechanism 14, m is less than n, a 1 st desulfurizing agent bin outlet 502 of the 1 st desulfurizing agent bin 5 of the mth moving bed dry tower 4 is connected with a waste bin 10 through a 1 st desulfurizing agent transmission mechanism 14, and the 1 st flue gas inlet 401 of the 1 st moving bed dry tower is the flue gas inlet to be desulfurized.
A guide plate 403 is arranged between the flue gas inlet 401 of the moving bed dry method tower 4 and the desulfurizing agent bin 5, a plurality of guide holes 404 are arranged on the guide plate 403, the size of the guide holes 404 is that the aperture of the guide holes 404 close to the flue gas inlet 401 is small, and the aperture of the guide holes 404 far away from the flue gas inlet 401 is large.
As shown in fig. 3, if the flue gas inlet 401 is located in the middle of the moving bed dry tower 4, the aperture of the deflector 403 in the middle is small toward the deflector hole 404 at the flue gas inlet 401, the aperture of the deflector hole 404 becomes larger as the distance from the flue gas inlet 401 increases, the upper portion is the largest furthest, and the total area of the deflector holes 404 at this point is larger than the total area of the deflector holes 404 near the flue gas inlet 401 as the distance from the flue gas inlet 401 increases.
As shown in fig. 4, if the flue gas inlet 401 is located at the lower part of the moving bed dry tower 4, the aperture of the deflector 403 at the lower part facing the deflector hole 404 at the flue gas inlet 401 is small, the aperture of the deflector hole 404 becomes larger as the distance from the flue gas inlet 401 is larger, the upper part is the largest furthest, and the total area of the deflector holes 404 at this place is larger than the total area of the deflector holes 404 at the position close to the flue gas inlet 401 as the distance from the flue gas inlet 401 is larger.
The calcium-based moving bed full-dry desulfurization dust removal method of the embodiment 2 of the invention is realized by the steps of feeding, desulfurization dust removal and discharging, wherein the feeding is that a bagged new desulfurizing agent F is fed into a raw material lifting hopper of a raw material lifting hopper machine 101 of a feeding system a through a forklift G, then lifted to a raw material conveying belt 102 by the raw material lifting hopper machine 101, then fed into a raw material bin 2 by the raw material conveying belt 102, the new desulfurizing agent of the raw material bin 2 is sequentially fed into an nth desulfurizing agent bin 5 of an nth moving bed dry method tower 4 through a raw material conveyor 301 of a desulfurizing agent conveying and feeding mechanism 3, a desulfurizing agent lifting hopper 302 connected with the raw material conveyor 301 and a desulfurizing agent conveying belt 303 connected with the desulfurizing agent lifting hopper 302, the old desulfurizing agent taken out from the mth desulfurizing agent bin 5 is fed into the mth-1 desulfurizing agent bin 5 adjacent to the mth desulfurizing agent bin 5, m < n, the old desulfurizing agent taken out from the 1 st desulfurizing agent bin 5 of the first moving bed dry method tower 4 is sent to the waste bin 10 through the desulfurizing agent collecting and conveying mechanism 6, a gate valve 1003 at the bottom outlet of the waste bin 10 is opened and put on a transport vehicle J of a loading platform H, the transport vehicle J is used for delivering the waste recycling treatment, the flue gas to be desulfurized enters from a 1 st flue gas inlet 401 of the first moving bed dry method tower 4, after being desulfurized through the desulfurizing agent of the 1 st desulfurizing agent bin 5, the flue gas sequentially flows through each moving bed dry method tower 4 and is sequentially desulfurized through the desulfurizing agents of each desulfurizing agent bin 5 of the moving bed dry method tower 4, thus, after the sulfur in the flue gas is subjected to multistage sulfur removal, the sulfur in the flue gas can be fully removed, and the sulfur content in the flue gas is reduced along with the sulfur removal in the flue gas, the desulfurizing agent is gradually transited from the desulfurizing agent with high utilization rate to the desulfurizing agent with low utilization rate until reaching the new desulfurizing agent in the nth desulfurizing agent bin 5 of the last nth moving bed dry method tower 4, so that sulfur in the flue gas can be sufficiently and effectively removed, and the sulfur removing capability of the desulfurizing agent can be fully utilized.
Preferably, part of the flue gas before desulfurization and dust removal is mixed with the flue gas after desulfurization and dust removal and then discharged.
Claims (6)
1. The calcium-based moving bed all-dry desulfurization dust collector comprises a feeding system, a desulfurization dust collection system, a chimney and a waste bin, wherein the feeding system comprises a raw material throwing mechanism, a raw material bin connected with the raw material throwing mechanism and a desulfurizing agent transmission throwing mechanism connected with the raw material bin, the desulfurization dust collection system comprises a moving bed dry method tower connected with a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet respectively, a desulfurizing agent bin arranged in the moving bed dry method tower, and a louver in the desulfurizing agent bin is arranged on the side wall of the desulfurizing agent bin.
2. The calcium-based moving bed full-dry desulfurization dust collector according to claim 1, wherein a guide plate is arranged between a flue gas inlet and a desulfurizing agent bin of the moving bed dry method tower, a plurality of guide holes are arranged on the guide plate, the size of the guide holes is such that the diameter of the guide holes close to the flue gas inlet is small, and the diameter of the guide holes far away from the flue gas inlet is large.
3. The calcium-based moving bed all-dry desulfurization dust removal device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a bypass flue with a gate valve is arranged between a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet of the moving bed dry method tower.
4. The calcium-based moving bed full-dry desulfurization dust removal method comprises a feeding process, a desulfurization dust removal process for desulfurizing and removing dust from flue gas and a discharging process, wherein the feeding process is to convey desulfurizing agents into all desulfurizing agent bins of a moving bed dry method tower, and is characterized in that a desulfurizing agent recycling process is arranged between the discharging process and the feeding process, the old desulfurizing agents of the desulfurizing agent bins with low utilization rate are taken out from the desulfurizing agent bins and then are conveyed into the desulfurizing agent bins again according to the utilization rate of all the desulfurizing agent bins, or are mixed with new desulfurizing agents and then are conveyed into the desulfurizing agent bins, and the old desulfurizing agents of the desulfurizing agent bins with high utilization rate are taken out and then are conveyed into waste materials for recycling treatment, wherein the desulfurization dust removal process is to convey the flue gas sequentially to n desulfurizing agent bins of the moving bed dry method tower, n=2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 … …, the new desulfurizing agents are conveyed into the desulfurizing agent bins which are finally flowed through by the flue gas, the old desulfurizing agents taken out from the m th desulfurizing agent bin are conveyed into the m-1 th desulfurizing agent bin again, and the waste materials which are adjacent to the m th desulfurizing agent bin are removed, and the m th desulfurizing agent bin are recycled, and the waste materials are removed after the desulfurizing agents are firstly flowed through the m desulfurizing agent bin.
5. The method for completely dry desulfurization and dust removal of a calcium-based moving bed according to claim 4, wherein the old desulfurizing agent in the desulfurizing agent bin with low utilization rate is taken out from the desulfurizing agent bin and then is re-fed into the desulfurizing agent bin with small flue gas passing amount.
6. The method for completely dry desulfurization and dust removal of calcium-based moving bed according to claim 5, wherein part of flue gas before desulfurization and dust removal is mixed with flue gas after desulfurization and dust removal and then discharged.
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