CN113933352B - Urine and feces detection device and sanitary product - Google Patents
Urine and feces detection device and sanitary product Download PDFInfo
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- CN113933352B CN113933352B CN202111094080.8A CN202111094080A CN113933352B CN 113933352 B CN113933352 B CN 113933352B CN 202111094080 A CN202111094080 A CN 202111094080A CN 113933352 B CN113933352 B CN 113933352B
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- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000027939 micturition Effects 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000013872 defecation Effects 0.000 claims description 40
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
- G01N27/06—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a liquid
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/42—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators with wetness indicator or alarm
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/84—Accessories, not otherwise provided for, for absorbent pads
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance
- G01N27/228—Circuits therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/42—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators with wetness indicator or alarm
- A61F2013/424—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators with wetness indicator or alarm having an electronic device
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/84—Accessories, not otherwise provided for, for absorbent pads
- A61F2013/8488—Accessories, not otherwise provided for, for absorbent pads including testing apparatus
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
Abstract
The device comprises a urine and feces detection sensor and a connected control device, wherein the urine and feces detection sensor comprises two oppositely arranged detection electrodes and two insulating layers positioned above and below the electrodes; an induction area is commonly enclosed between the two detection electrodes and the upper insulating layer and the lower insulating layer, and an induction gap is formed between the two detection electrodes; the control device is connected with two detection electrodes of the urine and feces detection sensor, and the control device judges the saturation condition of the urine and/or feces and/or sanitary products according to the resistance change and the capacitance change between the two detection electrodes and outputs alarm information. The detection device is arranged on the diaper or the urine pad, so that the detection device can prompt in time when the sanitary product is wet by urine or the urine is close to a saturated state or has feces, and nursing staff or parents can replace the detection device after receiving the prompt.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of daily necessities, in particular to a sanitary product capable of distinguishing urination and defecation, and specifically relates to a product such as diaper and urine pad which are used in a large amount in daily life and a urination and defecation detection device required by the product.
Background
The existing products such as the diaper and the high-quality urine pad sold in the market are added with the polymer material, more precisely the development of the polymer material is applied to the products such as the diaper, so that the products such as the diaper have super-strong water absorption and water locking capacity, can quickly absorb a large amount of urine and lock the urine without affecting the comfort of a user, and are widely applied to infants and patients at present. Since infants and patients do not have self-care ability, and most of the existing products are not capable of detecting whether the monitoring is nearly saturated by urine or the condition that the feces are released is detected, nursing staff or parents need to check whether the infants or patients urinate to a certain extent to influence the skin of the infants or the patients or the feces are discharged at intervals; if the diaper is frequently replaced, the existing diaper effect is not fully exerted, waste is caused, and inconvenience is brought to a user; if the replacement is needed without being perceived to be delayed, the problem that the saturated urine or the excrement discharged by a user is attached to the skin for a long time is caused, and skin diseases are extremely easy to cause; even if some products are added with detection devices, various problems still exist.
For urine pads, especially in hospitals, it is necessary to detect the presence or absence of urination for replacement in most cases, and in individual cases, it is tolerable for relatively small amounts of urination, and the key is the ability to quantitatively monitor.
The urine pad is also good, urine is not wet and is also a very popular product, the price is also inexpensive, in order to save nursing time and effectively detect the condition of urination and defecation, the detection device which can be matched with the product in the aspect of manufacturing cost is urgently needed, the condition of urination and defecation is accurately detected, and better health data such as night sweat, turning over and the like can be monitored.
The least unit of the capacitance sensor is two electrodes, which has the basic condition of low cost, the development of textile industry and the development of material industry, the electrodes can be made of materials with very good comfortableness, such as conductive cloth, conductive wires and the like, but when the urine pad or the urine is used on a human body, as the human body is a large capacitance composed of most liquid components, the two sensors which are suitable for the urine pad or the urine not wet are composed of the electrodes, the capacitance value of the sensors is approximately in the order of hundreds of PF, the detection of the sensors needs to use a digital capacitance conversion circuit and a professional chip thereof which are developed in the last ten years, for example ADI7142 and ADI7147, and the measured capacitance value is directly converted into the digital value by a method of charging and discharging the measured capacitance for a plurality of times by adopting a delta-sigma modulation mode (see U.S. Patent Number:5,134,401), the measurement sensitivity of the capacitance can be improved to 1ff, and the requirements on the capacitance measurement sensitivity can be easily met, and in particular, the chip design has a plurality of channels, so that the design of the circuit is simple and convenient.
In addition, the urine and the feces discharged by the human body can influence the resistance between electrodes, along with the discharging process and the absorbing process, the urine and feces are not only reflected on the capacitor, but also reflected on the resistance, and the detection of two parameters has the characteristics, so that the urine and feces are organically combined, the simplest circuit structure is used, and the accurate monitoring result obtained by the lowest manufacturing cost is the technical problem which is not solved at present.
With the background support of these prior art techniques, it is necessary to design the structure of a suitable detection sensor to accomplish the objects of the present invention.
The company also searches a large amount of prior art patents in the industry, and finds that the following relatively close patent technologies more or less have products which cannot meet the requirements of low cost and high detection accuracy, and have not too much influence on human bodies when being structurally considered to be applied to working occasions such as diaper, urine pad, bedding and the like:
the electrochemical capacitor-based liquid detection device, method and paper diaper disclosed in application number 201110433861.5 adopts an electrochemical method, and uses a metal electrode and urine to form an electrolyte, so that the electrolyte becomes an electrolytic capacitor, the capacitance is improved to be higher than uf level, and the influence of the capacitance of a human body (below 300 pf) can be ignored. Meanwhile, a scheme of arranging detection electrodes on different layers of the paper diaper is disclosed, and the aim of distinguishing urination and defecation is also achieved, but a specific solution is not provided.
Another patent document with 202010410663.6 discloses an absorbent article and a related method for detecting and distinguishing shit, which provides a method for detecting the change rule of the capacitance of an absorbent layer by utilizing the different absorption capacities of the absorbent layer to liquid with different mobility and distinguishing shit by utilizing the electrolytic capacitance, but the structure of the absorbent layer is too complex, and the electrolyte generated by the electrolytic capacitance can release harmful substances and gases.
The application number 201710058948.6 discloses a urine and feces detection sensor, a diaper and a monitoring system, wherein the sensor is divided into a urine and feces detection area and a feces detection area by utilizing the false alarm through hole and the isolation layer, namely, the urine and feces detection area is distinguished by utilizing a human body structure, and isolation measures are taken to prevent the false alarm of the urine and feces, but the position is difficult to grasp when the urine and feces detection sensor is specifically used due to different human body actions or body types.
The application number 201810006992.7 discloses an intelligent diaper with multiple sensing points and a monitoring method thereof, wherein the intelligent diaper has a diaper saturation monitoring function, and whether the diaper is saturated or not is judged according to a resistance value and a change condition in a period of time by using a method of measuring resistance by a plurality of pairs of electrodes. The multi-point electrodes are arranged on the hollowed-out substrate, so that the processing process and the structure are more complex and the cost is higher due to the production process, the material cost and the like.
The application number 201510596695.9 discloses a can distinguish warning nursing articles for use of stool and urine, and the electrode is placed on or under the permeable layer of nursing pad, and the electrode contains conducting surface and non-wetting insulation face, and conducting surface contact permeable layer, non-wetting insulation face contact water-absorbing material layer, be equipped with the stool identification hole on the nursing pad to make the electrode pass through the stool identification hole, electrode conducting surface and permeable layer contact can pass through the permeable layer short circuit to two electrodes, unable discernment stool and urine, and the stool identification hole has the inaccurate coverage area of counterpoint little problem.
The application number 200901102321. X discloses a urine article with alarm and a urine wet alarm, which utilizes the principle of measuring resistance to realize humidity sensing so as to judge whether the urine wet occurs for alarm. However, the patent does not use an upper insulating layer, a gap and the depth of the groove, so that the risk of false alarm caused by direct contact of a human body with two electrodes cannot be avoided. The patent fails to address the problem of distinguishing between urination and defecation and determining urine saturation.
The infant urination reminder disclosed in application number 201310420257.8, although disclosing a scheme using a detection resistor, cannot realize the problems of distinguishing urination and defecation and judging the saturation of urine.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of overcoming the defects of the prior art, provides a urine and feces detection device and a sanitary product, is suitable for the cost and the manufacturing cost of products such as urine pads, diaper and the like, can detect the urine and feces conditions and even the urine saturation, is suitable for sanitary products such as urine pads, diaper and the like, can also be used for monitoring the urine and feces of quilts, trousers and the like, and can also detect the health status such as night sweat, turning over and the like.
The invention relates to a urine and feces detection device, which comprises a urine and feces detection sensor and a connected control device, and is characterized in that: the urine and feces detection sensor comprises two detection electrodes which are arranged oppositely and two insulating layers which are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the electrodes, and each detection electrode is arranged between the two insulating layers; an induction area is commonly enclosed between the two detection electrodes and the upper insulating layer and the lower insulating layer, and an induction gap is formed between the two detection electrodes; the control device comprises a power supply, an MCU control chip and an analog switch group for switching and detecting resistance-capacitance change; when the capacitance change is detected, the analog switch respectively connects the two detection electrodes to a capacitance input port of the control chip and an excitation port of the control chip; the detection resistance change is that the analog switch connects two detection electrodes to VCC and an AD detection port of the control chip respectively, and an excitation end of the control chip comprises a capacitance excitation signal circuit which generates a high-frequency square wave excitation signal; the control device judges the saturated condition of the stool and/or urine absorbed according to the resistance change and the capacitance change between the two detection electrodes and outputs alarm information.
The invention can be applied to the existing products such as diaper, urinal pad, bed, mattress and the like, and is used for distinguishing the urine and judging the saturation condition of the urine.
In order to prevent the detection electrode from contacting with human body under the conditions of extrusion and the like, the upper surface and the lower surface of the detection electrode are respectively provided with an insulating layer, so that the absorption efficiency of urine to the urine can be influenced by the sensors with the structure, and in order to reduce adverse effects as much as possible, the front part and the rear part of products such as urine non-wetting, urine pads, beds, mattresses and the like are respectively provided with a urine detection sensor at the position corresponding to the position where the human body generates urine, and each urine detection sensor has the approximate area of 100-200 square millimeters, and the two urine detection sensors can be connected in series or in parallel to a control device; for wet products suitable for adults, the coverage space of the sensor can be enlarged appropriately, for which purpose the linear sensor can be arranged in a meandering manner, i.e. the induction gap forms a continuous bending channel between the upper and lower insulating layers.
Further, the width of the induction gap is 2-5mm, and the depth is 0.5-3mm; the detection electrode is a conductive cloth or a conductive wire, the width is 1-5mm, and the thickness is 0.3-1mm.
Further, the width of the sensing gap at the detection electrode is larger than the width at the upper and lower insulating layers.
Further, the induction gap extends to the upper insulating layer, and extends to the upper insulating layer but not to the lower insulating layer in the induction gap, and the lower insulating layer can support the detection electrode so as to keep the stability of the induction gap structure, so that excrement or urine can enter the induction gap.
Further, the induction gap extends from the lower insulating layer to the upper insulating layer, and in order to prevent the induction gap from being squeezed so that the electrode cannot accurately detect the stool or urine entering the gap, at least one of the two detection electrodes, the induction gap and the upper and lower insulating layers may be intermittently provided with an insulating support. The reason for the intermittent arrangement is to both maintain the stability of the inductive gap structure and allow the entry of bowel movement or urination into the inductive gap. Can be made by embroidery or hollowed-out technology.
Further, in order to measure relatively accurately for very small electrode capacitance used beside the large capacitance body of the human body, the urine and feces sensor further includes upper and lower shield layers respectively provided on an upper surface of the insulating layer above the detection electrode and a lower surface of the insulating layer below the detection electrode.
The upper shielding layer and the lower shielding layer are arranged to be actively shielded or are grounded.
The upper surface of the upper insulating layer is covered with a skin-friendly layer or the upper surface of the upper insulating layer is of a skin-friendly structure. At this time, the sensing gap needs to extend to the skin-friendly layer.
Further, the control circuit control device comprises a power supply, an MCU control chip and an analog switch group for switching detection of resistance-capacitance change, when the capacitance change is detected, the analog switch connects two detection electrodes to the capacitance input port of the control chip and the excitation port of the control chip respectively, and the detection of resistance change is that the analog switch connects two detection electrodes to VCC and the AD detection port of the control chip respectively. The MCU control chip is a mature digital capacitance conversion circuit chip, for example: the commercial ADI7142, ADI7147 chips mentioned in the background section.
Further, by measuring the change of the electrode resistance with time, the integral formula is usedCalculating the area of a resistance change curve, wherein when s=s Saturation , the sanitary product is in a saturated state; when Si is more than or equal to S stool with urine at any time, the sanitary product is in a defecation state; or calculating the rising time and the falling time of the resistance change curve to distinguish the stool and the urine, and when t 2≥t Saturation is reached, the sanitary product is in a saturated state; when t 1+t2 is 1 times or more of t Saturation , the sanitary product is in a defecation state; wherein Si is the integral area between the resistance curve after the resistance value is calculated from the initial calculation threshold and the initial calculation threshold line, t 1 is the timing time from when the resistance value is lower than the initial calculation threshold to when the resistance value rises to be greater than or equal to the end calculation threshold, t 2 is the timing time from when the timing of t 1 is ended to when the resistance value rises to be greater than or equal to the end calculation threshold, the initial calculation threshold is a set value with the resistance value smaller than the maximum value, and the end calculation threshold is a set value greater than the lowest value of the resistance value; the start calculation threshold, the end calculation threshold, S Saturation 、S stool with urine 、t Saturation are configurable thresholds derived from experimental data.
Further, since the capacitance between the two detection electrodes belongs to the state of the PF number electrode, in order to be able to accurately detect the capacitance change thereof, a very mature digital capacitance conversion circuit is introduced in this patent. The two urine and feces detection electrodes are respectively connected with an excitation signal end and a capacitance access end of the digital capacitance conversion circuit, the technology is a mature technology, and the adopted digital capacitance conversion circuit chip is CY8C4000 series and the like.
The control device is integrated on the flexible circuit board, and the flexible circuit board is wrapped in the silica gel sleeve, and the silica gel sleeve is adhered to the sanitary product or placed in the small pocket on the sanitary product or lapped on the sanitary product through the hasp.
The control device is connected with the sensor through a snap fastener or is in pressure connection or plug connection with the sensor.
In this scheme, integrated control device's flexible circuit board detachable installs on sanitary product to adopt detachable connection mode with the sensor, and a plurality of sensors are general with this flexible circuit board, can dismantle integrated control device's flexible circuit board when changing sanitary product like this, only need with sanitary product with the sensor change can, saved use cost.
The sanitary article comprises a dry layer, a middle absorption layer and a leakage-proof layer, wherein the dry layer is provided with the urine and feces detection sensor defined in any one of the technical schemes, and the leakage-proof layer is provided with the control device defined in any one of the technical schemes.
In the above technical solution of the sanitary article, further, the excrement and urine detecting sensors are respectively provided at the front and rear parts of the dry and comfortable layer corresponding to the positions where the human body generates excrement and urine.
In the technical scheme of the sanitary article, further, the middle absorption layer comprises a water absorption layer and/or a high polymer water locking layer.
Compared with the prior art, the urine and feces detection device and the sanitary product provided by the invention have the advantages that: by arranging the urination and defecation detection device on the sanitary product, a nursing staff or a parent does not need to pay attention to whether an infant or a patient urinates or not at all, and can remind the nursing staff or the parent in time when the sanitary product is wet to a certain saturation state or has urination and defecation, and the nursing staff or the parent can replace the sanitary product after receiving the prompt; the labor capacity is saved, the waste of underuse of products such as diaper is avoided, inconvenience brought to a user is avoided, and replacement information is accurately given; the control circuit can accurately measure the urine saturated state and whether the urine appears or not according to the resistance change and the capacitance change between the two detection electrodes in the sensor within a specified time, and gives a prompt. Further, because the condition of capacitance change can be detected, the night sweat and the sleeping condition of the user can be monitored, and the health monitoring function is very easy to be added.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention and that other equivalent technical solutions can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the hierarchical structure reflected by the sensor of the present invention when placed on a product such as diaper;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the sensor detour of the present invention on a sanitary product;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the present invention with one sensor disposed in front of and behind a sanitary article;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a sensor serial connection of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a parallel connection of sensors of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the addition of shielding layers above and below the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the shield of the present invention grounded;
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of a shield layer of the present invention with active shielding;
FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of an analog switch of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram of the circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is an equivalent circuit of the present invention in measuring resistance;
FIG. 12 is an equivalent circuit of the present invention when measuring capacitance;
FIG. 13 is a graph showing the resistance change during a urination of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a graph showing resistance change and integral curve for multiple urination events;
FIG. 15 is a graph of capacitance values for a human body when the sanitary product is in use;
FIG. 16 is a diagram of an example of a product detour sensor of the present invention on a sanitary product;
FIG. 17 is a graph showing the integral of resistance change during a bowel movement;
FIG. 18 is a graph showing the resistance change during a bowel movement;
fig. 19 is a schematic view of a circuitous arrangement of sensors composited on a paper diaper.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, based on the examples herein, which are within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims, will be within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.
See fig. 1, 3, 4, 5; the invention relates to a urination and defecation detection device, which comprises a urination and defecation detection sensor 200 and a control device 400 connected with the urination and defecation detection sensor 200, wherein the urination and defecation detection sensor 200 is electrically connected with an external control device 400 through a lead 300; the urine and feces detection sensor 200 comprises two detection electrodes 203 and 213 which are adjacently arranged, and two insulating layers 202 and 204 which are positioned above and below the detection electrodes 203 and 213, wherein each detection electrode is positioned between the two insulating layers; an induction area is defined between the two detection electrodes 203 and 213 and the upper and lower insulating layers 202 and 204, and an induction gap d (reference numeral 207) is formed between the two detection electrodes 203 and 213, and the induction gap d (reference numeral 207) extends from the lower insulating layer 204 to the surface skin-friendly layer (reference numeral 201); the two detection electrodes are adjacently attached or pressed onto the permeation layer 123, the permeation layer plays a role in supporting the two sensor electrodes, and meanwhile, the two detection electrodes are small, can easily pass through and enter the inside of the sanitary product; the back of the permeable layer 123 is coated with a back adhesive 124 corresponding to the position of the detection electrode, and the interval of the back adhesive 124 is more than or equal to the interval 207 formed by the two induction electrodes in order to ensure that the small size can be absorbed by the sanitary product; the urination and defecation detecting sensor 200 can be adhered to any sanitary product through the back adhesive 124; the control device 400 is connected to the two detection electrodes 203 and 213 of the urination and defecation detecting sensor 200, and the control circuit 400 determines the urination and/or sanitary product saturation condition and outputs alarm information according to the detection of the resistance change and the capacitance change between the two detection electrodes 203 and 213.
The invention is a urine and urine detecting device which can be applied to the existing urine and urine non-wetting, urine pad, bed, mattress and other products and is used for distinguishing urine and judging the saturation condition of urine, by arranging two detecting electrodes 203 and 213 with sensing gaps, the resistance and capacitance change between the electrodes 203 and 213 under the condition that the urine or the urine appears in the sensing gap d (reference numeral 207) is tested, the control circuit 400 distinguishes the urine and judges the saturation condition of sanitary products according to the changes, finally, alarm information is output, and the alarm information is actually a logic instruction of whether to replace the urine non-wetting and other products, and comprises various acousto-optic and electric modes as well as various output modes of the prior art such as wireless and Bluetooth.
Referring to fig. 1,2,3,4, 5; in order to prevent the detection electrodes 203 and 213 from contacting the human body under the conditions of extrusion and the like, the invention needs to be provided with one insulating layer 202 and 204 respectively above and below the detection electrodes, so that the urine detection sensors with the structure can influence the absorption efficiency of the sanitary products on urine, and in order to reduce adverse effects as much as possible, the urine detection sensors 200 are generally arranged at the front part and the rear part of the products such as the urine non-wetting, the urine pad, the bed, the mattress and the like corresponding to the position of the human body for generating urine, and each of the urine detection sensors has the approximate area of 100-200 square millimeters, and the two urine detection sensors can be connected in series (shown in fig. 4) or in parallel (shown in fig. 5) to the control device 400; for products suitable for adults, such as diaper, the coverage space of the sensor can be enlarged appropriately, for which purpose the linear sensor can be arranged in a detour (as shown in fig. 2 and 19), i.e. the induction gap forms a continuous bending groove 211 between the skin-friendly layer and the absorbent layer.
Further, refer to fig. 1; the sensing gaps formed by the sensing electrodes 203, 213 and the upper and lower insulating layers thereof have a width d (reference numeral 207) of 2-5mm, and a depth h1 (reference numeral 210) is that two grooves of the sensor extending from the lower insulating layer 204 to the surface skin-friendly layer (reference numeral 201) are 0.5-3mm. The detection electrode is a conductive cloth or a conductive wire, the width D (reference numeral 219) is 1-5mm, and the thickness h (reference numeral 209) is 0.3-1mm.
Further, the width of the sensing gap d (reference numeral 207) at the sensing electrode is larger than the width d1 (reference numeral 208) at the upper and lower air-permeable insulating layers, so that the sensing electrode is prevented from being retracted by a point when the sensing electrode is pressed into contact with the human body by a user turning over or the like, and the sensing gap d may be the same as the width of the upper and lower layers of the groove 211.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2; further, in order to prevent the sensing gap 207 (groove 211) from being pressed to cause the electrode to be unable to accurately detect the stool or urine entered into the gap, at least one intermittently provided insulating support 110 may be disposed in the two sensing electrodes, the sensing gap 207 (groove 211) and the upper and lower insulating layers. The reason for the intermittent arrangement is to both maintain the stability of the structure of the induction gap 207 (groove 211) and to allow the entry of bowel movement or urine into the induction gap 207 (groove 211). Can be made by embroidery or hollowed-out technology.
Referring to fig. 6, 7, 8, 10; further, in order to measure relatively accurately the capacitance of the very small electrode used beside the large capacitance of the human body, the urine and feces detection sensor further includes upper and lower shields 206, the upper and lower shields 206 being respectively disposed on the upper surface of the insulating layer 202 above the detection electrodes 203, 213 and the lower surface of the insulating layer 204 below the detection electrodes 203, 213. The upper and lower shielding layers 206 are disposed between each other to form an active shielding (as shown in fig. 8) or to form an upper and lower shielding layer which is grounded (as shown in fig. 7).
The upper surface of the upper insulating layer is covered with a skin-friendly layer label 201 or the upper surface is of a skin-friendly structure. The skin-friendly layer or the skin-friendly structure can be made of water-absorbing soft fabrics such as non-woven fabrics and the like because of direct contact with human bodies, can be adhered, sewn and pressed on the upper surface of the upper insulating layer, or can be made of skin-friendly and water-repellent materials directly.
Referring to fig. 9 and 10; further, the control device comprises a power supply 430, an MCU control chip 420, and an analog switch group 410 for switching detection of resistance-capacitance variation; when detecting the capacitance change, the analog switch 411 of the analog switch group 410 is turned on 2, and the analog switch 412 of the analog switch group 410 is turned on 4 to connect the two detection electrodes 203 and 213 to the capacitance input port of the MCU control chip 420 and the excitation port of the control chip, and the excitation port can output a high-frequency square wave excitation signal, and the equivalent circuit is shown in fig. 12, and at this time, the ports of the MCU control chip 420 are respectively configured as the excitation signal and the capacitance input terminal, so as to detect the change of the capacitance 503 formed between the two detection electrodes 203 and 213; the detection resistance change is that the analog switch 411 is turned on1, the analog switch 412 is turned on 3 to connect two detection electrodes to VCC and the AD detection port of the MCU control chip 420, the equivalent circuit is shown in fig. 11, the port of the MCU control chip 420 is set as the AD detection port, the equivalent variable resistor between the detection electrodes 203 and 213 is the variable resistor 501, one end is grounded, the sampling resistor 502 is turned on the power VCC to form a voltage divider circuit, the voltage change at the common end of 502 and 501 can be obtained by sampling the voltage by AD, and the resistance change of the variable resistor 501 can be obtained by calculation. The ports of the MCU control chip 420 may be configured as capacitive inputs, excitation signals, or AD detection ports by internal configuration.
Reference is made to fig. 13, 14, 17, 18; in the figure, R represents a resistance change value, t is a time change, Y1 is a resistance reference value in a normal case, 601 is a resistance base value reference line drawn parallel to t from Y1 as a starting point, Y2 is a start calculation threshold value, 602 is a start calculation threshold value line drawn parallel to t from Y2 as a starting point, Y3 is an end calculation threshold value, 603 is an end calculation threshold value line drawn parallel to t from Y3 as a starting point, Y4 is a maximum value of electrode changes due to urine and feces, 604 is a maximum value reference line drawn parallel to t from Y4 as a starting point, t1 is a time from when a resistance data curve starts to descend and passes through the start calculation threshold value line 602 to when the resistance data curve rises and passes through the end calculation threshold value line 603, t2 is the time from the end of the timing of t 1to the time when the resistance data curve rises and passes through the initial calculation threshold line 602, S1, S2, … and SN are the areas formed by cutting the initial calculation threshold line 602 between the time when the resistance data curve falls and passes through the initial calculation threshold line 602, and the time when the resistance value sampled in the actual use process is not necessarily exactly equal to the set threshold value (initial calculation threshold value, end calculation threshold value) so that the description adopts "passing", namely, the timing starts when the resistance value is less than or equal to the initial calculation threshold value, and the timing stops when the resistance value is greater than or equal to the end calculation threshold value; by comparing the falling time t1 and the rising time t2 of the resistance data curve, the absorption rate of urine or whether the urine is feces can be judged, when the falling time t1 is very short, the rising time t2 is very short, when the falling time t1 is very fast, the rising time t2 is slow, the urine can be regarded as the feces or the macromolecule absorption layer in the diaper to be saturated, and at the moment, prompt information can be sent to prompt the replacement of the diaper.
That is, referring to fig. 14 and 17, by measuring the change of the electrode resistance with time, the integral formula is usedCalculating the area of a resistance change curve, wherein when s=s Saturation , the sanitary product is in a saturated state; when Si is more than or equal to S stool with urine at any time, the sanitary product is in a defecation state; or calculating the rising time and the falling time of the resistance change curve to distinguish the stool and the urine, and when t 2≥t Saturation is reached, the sanitary product is in a saturated state; when t 1+t2 is 1 times or more of t Saturation , the sanitary product is in a defecation state; wherein Si is the integral area between the resistance curve after the resistance value is calculated from the initial calculation threshold and the initial calculation threshold line, t 1 is the timing time from when the resistance value is lower than the initial calculation threshold to when the resistance value rises to be greater than or equal to the end calculation threshold, t 2 is the timing time from when the timing of t 1 is ended to when the resistance value rises to be greater than or equal to the end calculation threshold, the initial calculation threshold is a set value with the resistance value smaller than the maximum value, and the end calculation threshold is a set value greater than the lowest value of the resistance value; the start calculation threshold, the end calculation threshold, S Saturation 、S stool with urine 、t Saturation are configurable thresholds derived from experimental data. The saturation of the polymer material in the diaper for absorbing urine can also be judged by calculating the sum of the projection areas S1, S2, … and SN. The resistance capacitance measurement is measured using the equivalent circuit of fig. 11 or fig. 12. The measurement results are shown in fig. 14, and the parts S1, S2 to SN marked by diagonal hatching in the figure are the integral effect graphs formed by urination and absorption each time. The starting calculation threshold value and the ending calculation threshold value are empirical values, and can be determined according to the fluctuation range of the data. As shown in fig. 17, fig. 18 is an area integration chart and a graph of the stool state, respectively, in which it can be seen that when stool is judged by integrating the area diagonally marked portion Si > S stool with urine , the hatched portion is due to the fact that the curve cannot pass through the initial calculation threshold line 602 again for a long time. Also, stool can be judged when t 1+t2 is 1 times or more t Saturation .
Further, since the capacitance between the two electrodes belongs to the state of the PF number electrode, in order to accurately detect the capacitance change, a very mature digital capacitance conversion circuit is introduced in the patent to form a chip such as a CY8C4000 series chip. Referring to fig. 10, the control device 400 includes a power module 430, an alarm circuit 440, an MCU reference number 420, and an analog switch bank 410, wherein the analog switch bank may also be included inside the MCU module. The detection electrodes 203 and 213 are respectively connected into the analog switch group 410 of the control 400, the MCU reference number 420 is selectively connected through the analog switch group, the capacitance Cx and the resistance Rx are formed between the electrodes 203 and 213, meanwhile, the electrode 206 is connected into the pin of the MCU control chip 420 through the analog switch 410, and can be connected into active shielding or grounding treatment through the arrangement of the MCU control chip 420, the electrode 206 wraps the detection electrodes 203 and 213 inside, so that the influence of urine in a human body and an absorption layer on the detection electrodes 203 and 213 is minimized. When urine or feces enter the sensing gap formed by the detection electrodes 203 and 213, the capacitance and the resistance are affected, and the MCU control chip 420 outputs the result through the alarm circuit after judging by combining the previous data.
Referring to the capacitance change curve of fig. 15, it can be seen that when the human body rolls over, the capacitance data is greatly reduced, and the resistance at the same time is not affected by the turning of the human body, so that the number of times of unintentional turning of the human body during sleeping can be determined, and a basis is provided for determining the sleeping quality of the human body.
Referring to fig. 16 and 19, which are schematic views of sensors disposed on a diaper and a paper diaper, respectively, the control device 400 is integrated on a flexible circuit board, and the flexible circuit board is wrapped in a silicone cover, or other flexible housing, which is adhered to the sanitary product 100 or placed in a pocket on the sanitary product 100 or overlapped on the sanitary product 100 by a buckle, fig. 19 only shows the sensors, and a control module can be placed beside the paper diaper; in fig. 16 and 19, the wires connecting the control device 400 to the sensor electrodes are not shown, nor are the snap-connection structures that are well-connected.
The control device 400 is connected with the urination and defecation detecting sensor 200 through a snap fastener or the control device 400 is connected with the urination and defecation detecting sensor 200 in a press fit or plug connection.
In this scheme, the flexible circuit board of integrated control device 400 is detachably installed on the sanitary product to adopt detachable connection mode with the urination and defecation detecting sensor 200, and a plurality of urination and defecation detecting sensors 200 are universal with this flexible circuit board, can dismantle the flexible circuit board integrated with control device 400 when changing sanitary product 100 like this, only need to change sanitary product 100 and urination and defecation detecting sensor 200 can, saved use cost.
The above schemes are designed to give out replacement alarm information when the feces appear, but in practice, the alarm threshold is modified by detecting the feces volume, the dry state and the tolerance through the capacitance-resistance change curve, just like the urine saturation tolerance.
The sanitary article comprises a dry layer, a middle absorption layer and a leakage-proof layer, wherein the middle absorption layer comprises a water absorption layer and/or a high polymer water locking layer, the dry layer is provided with a urine and feces detection sensor defined by any one of the technical schemes, and the leakage-proof layer is provided with a control device defined by any one of the technical schemes.
In the above technical solution of the sanitary article, further, the front and rear parts of the dry and comfortable layer are respectively provided with a urine and feces detecting sensor corresponding to the position of the human body where the urine and feces are generated, as shown in fig. 3, that is, the front and rear parts of the sanitary article are respectively provided with a sensor 200 and connected with a controller through a cable, and the controller and the connecting device are not shown in the figure.
Compared with the prior art, the urine and feces detection device and the sanitary product provided by the invention have the advantages that: by arranging the urination and defecation detection device on the sanitary product, a nursing staff or a parent does not need to pay attention to whether an infant or a patient urinates or not at all, and can remind the nursing staff or the parent in time when the sanitary product is wet to a certain saturation state or has urination and defecation, and the nursing staff or the parent can replace the sanitary product after receiving the prompt; the labor capacity is saved, the waste of underuse of products such as diaper is avoided, inconvenience brought to a user is avoided, and replacement information is accurately given; the control circuit can accurately measure the urine saturated state and whether the urine appears or not according to the resistance change and the capacitance change between the two detection electrodes in the sensor within a specified time, and gives a prompt. Further, because the condition of capacitance change can be detected, the night sweat and the sleeping condition of the user can be monitored, and the health monitoring function is very easy to be added.
Claims (16)
1. The utility model provides a urine and feces detection device, includes urine and feces detection sensor and the controlling means who links to each other, its characterized in that: the urine and feces detection sensor comprises two detection electrodes which are arranged oppositely and two insulating layers which are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the electrodes, and each detection electrode is arranged between the two insulating layers; an induction area is commonly enclosed between the two detection electrodes and the upper and lower insulating layers, and an induction gap is formed between the two detection electrodes, and the induction gap extends from the lower insulating layer to the upper insulating layer so that excrement or urine can enter the induction gap; the control device comprises a power supply, an MCU control chip and an analog switch group for switching and detecting resistance-capacitance change; when the capacitance change is detected, the analog switch respectively connects the two detection electrodes to a capacitance input port of the control chip and an excitation port of the control chip; the detection resistance change is that the analog switch connects two detection electrodes to VCC and an AD detection port of the control chip respectively, and an excitation end of the control chip comprises a capacitance excitation signal circuit which generates a high-frequency square wave excitation signal; the control device judges the saturated condition of the stool and/or urine absorbed according to the resistance change and the capacitance change between the two detection electrodes and outputs alarm information;
Judging whether the urine absorption rate or the urine absorption rate is the feces or not through the falling time t1 and the rising time t2 of the resistance data curve, which are influenced by urine and urine, when the falling speed of the t1 is short, the rising time of the t2 is also short, the urine is the urine, when the falling speed of the t1 is fast, the rising of the t2 is slowly regarded as the macromolecule absorption layer in the urine or the urine is saturated, wherein t1 is the time from the beginning of the falling of the resistance data curve and passes through the starting calculation threshold value line to the rising of the resistance data curve and passes through the ending calculation threshold value line, t2 is the time from the ending of the t1 timing to the rising of the resistance data curve and passes through the starting calculation threshold value line, the starting calculation threshold value line is a line drawn parallel to the t with the starting calculation threshold value as the starting point, and the resistance data curve is a two-dimensional coordinate curve drawn with the resistance change value R and the time change t as the abscissa.
2. The urination and defecation detecting device according to claim 1, wherein: the inductive gap forms a continuous bending groove between the upper and lower insulating layers.
3. The urination and defecation detecting device according to claim 1, wherein: the width of the sensing gap at the detection electrode is larger than the width at the upper and lower insulating layers.
4. The urination and defecation detecting device according to claim 1, wherein: the upper surface of the upper insulating layer is covered with a skin-friendly layer or the upper surface of the upper insulating layer is of a skin-friendly structure.
5. The urination and defecation detecting device according to claim 1, wherein: and at least one of the two detection electrodes, the induction gap and the upper insulating layer and the lower insulating layer is provided with an insulating support intermittently.
6. The urination and defecation detecting device according to claim 1, wherein: the width of the induction gap is 2-5mm, and the depth is 0.5-3mm; the detection electrode is a conductive cloth or a conductive wire, the width is 1-5mm, and the thickness is 0.3-1mm.
7. The urination and defecation detecting device according to claim 1, wherein: the urine and feces detection sensor further comprises an upper shielding layer and a lower shielding layer, wherein the upper shielding layer and the lower shielding layer are respectively arranged on the upper surface of the insulating layer above the detection electrode and the lower surface of the insulating layer below the detection electrode.
8. The urination and defecation detecting device according to claim 7, wherein: the upper shielding layer and the lower shielding layer are arranged to be actively shielded or are grounded.
9. The urination and defecation detecting device according to claim 1, wherein: the sensing gap extends to the upper skin-friendly layer.
10. The urination and defecation detecting device according to claim 1, wherein: the control device comprises a power supply, an MCU control chip and an analog switch group for switching detection resistance-capacitance change, wherein when the capacitance change is detected, the analog switch is used for respectively connecting two detection electrodes to a capacitance input port of the control chip and an excitation port of the control chip, and the detection resistance change is that the analog switch is used for respectively connecting the two detection electrodes to VCC and an AD detection port of the control chip.
11. The urination and defecation detecting device according to claim 10, wherein: the port of the MCU control chip can be internally configured into a capacitive input, an excitation signal or an AD detection port.
12. The urination and defecation detecting device according to claim 10, wherein: the MCU control chip pins have devices that can be configured to detect resistance and/or capacitance simultaneously and/or in a time-sharing manner.
13. The urination and defecation detecting device according to claim 1, wherein: by measuring the change of the electrode resistance with time, and according to the integral formulaCalculating the area of a resistance change curve, wherein when S is more than or equal to S Saturation , the sanitary article is in a saturated state; when Si is more than or equal to S stool with urine at any time, the sanitary article is in a defecation state; or calculating the rising time and the falling time of the resistance change curve to distinguish the stool and the urine, and when t 2≥t Saturation , the sanitary article is in a saturated state; when t 1+t2 is more than or equal to 1 time t Saturation , the sanitary product is in a defecation state; wherein Si is the integral area between the curve of the resistance value after the threshold value is calculated from the beginning and the line of the threshold value is calculated from the beginning, t 1 is the timing time between when the resistance value is lower than the threshold value calculated from the beginning and when the resistance value rises from the lowest value to more than or equal to the threshold value calculated from the end, t 2 is the timing time between when the timing of t 1 is finished and when the resistance value rises to more than or equal to the threshold value calculated from the end, the threshold value calculated from the beginning is a set value with the resistance value smaller than the maximum value, and the threshold value calculated from the end is a set value larger than the lowest value of the resistance value; the start calculation threshold, the end calculation threshold, S Saturation 、S stool with urine 、t Saturation are configurable thresholds derived from experimental data.
14. A sanitary article comprising a dry layer, an intermediate absorbent layer and a leakage barrier layer, characterized in that: the excrement and urine detecting sensor of the excrement and urine detecting device defined in any one of claims 1 to 13 is arranged on the dry layer, and the control device of the excrement and urine detecting device defined in any one of claims 1 to 13 is arranged outside the leak-proof layer.
15. The sanitary product of claim 14, wherein: the front and the rear parts of the dry and comfortable layer are respectively provided with a urine and feces detection sensor corresponding to the position where the human body generates urine and feces.
16. The sanitary product of claim 14, wherein: the intermediate absorbent layer comprises a water-absorbing layer and/or a high polymer water-locking layer.
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