CN113922076B - Disc coupling feed miniaturized circularly polarized antenna for microwave energy collection - Google Patents
Disc coupling feed miniaturized circularly polarized antenna for microwave energy collection Download PDFInfo
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- CN113922076B CN113922076B CN202111202798.4A CN202111202798A CN113922076B CN 113922076 B CN113922076 B CN 113922076B CN 202111202798 A CN202111202798 A CN 202111202798A CN 113922076 B CN113922076 B CN 113922076B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a disc coupling feed miniaturized circularly polarized antenna for microwave energy collection, which comprises a dielectric plate and a conductive probe, wherein the dielectric plate is arranged on the dielectric plate; a circular metal layer is arranged in the center of the upper side surface of the dielectric plate, and an eccentric circular hole is arranged at the eccentric position of the circular metal layer; a coupling feed disc is embedded in the medium plate and parallel to the upper side plate surface, and the circle center of the coupling feed disc deviates from the circle center of the circular metal layer and the circle center of the eccentric circular hole. The circular polarization antenna has the advantages that the eccentric circular holes are formed in the eccentric positions of the surface of the circular metal layer, the formed circular rings are subjected to disc coupling feeding to inhibit the surface inductance effect, the performance of the antenna is improved, the patch size of the circular polarization antenna is reduced to 70.7% of that of a traditional antenna, the maximum radiation direction axial ratio is 2.1dB under the premise that the gain of the antenna is not changed, circular polarization is realized, the impedance characteristic, the bandwidth and the gain performance of the antenna are maintained, and meanwhile, the circular polarization antenna has a better miniaturization effect, so that the circular polarization antenna has a wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a miniaturized circularly polarized antenna, in particular to a disc coupling feed miniaturized circularly polarized antenna for microwave energy collection.
Background
With the development of technology, the application range of the antenna is expanding, especially the development of wireless power transmission technology in recent years, and the antenna is widely applied to a Microwave Wireless Power Transmission (MWPT) system. The MWPT mainly relies on a transceiver antenna to carry out remote transmission of radio energy, and in an energy transmission system, an antenna miniaturization technology is beneficial to integrating an energy collecting device onto various electric equipment (such as a small unmanned aerial vehicle) and is a problem worthy of research. For the MWPT system, the microwave rectifying circuit at the receiving end can reach the peak value of efficiency only under specific input power, so that the stability of the input power of the receiving antenna is required, the circularly polarized antenna is not easily affected by polarization deflection, and the stability of the input power of the receiving end can be improved, so that the microwave rectifying circuit is very suitable for a microwave energy collecting system. It can be said that a small circularly polarized antenna has a very important meaning for microwave energy collection.
There have been many researches on miniaturization technology of microstrip antennas, and if a substrate with a high dielectric constant is directly used, serious surface wave effect is brought about, so that the radiation efficiency of the antenna is reduced and the front-to-back ratio is deteriorated. The surface of the patch is perforated in a general traditional design mode, and the current flows around the surface of the patch by perforation, which is equivalent to the introduction of a cascade inductor, so that the size of the patch is reduced; some scholars have designed small antennas in the form of curved, folded microstrip lines, which are reduced in size by sacrificing horizontal or vertical distance; some small microstrip antennas take the form of special patches, such as square-loop microstrip antennas, which have smaller dimensions than ordinary patch antennas (because it increases the current path), but this also causes difficulties in 50 Ω impedance matching; when designing a circularly polarized microstrip antenna, the feed network itself occupies a certain size, which makes it difficult to further miniaturize the microstrip antenna, and there have been many researches on how to design the feed network smaller. The method for realizing circular polarization by the microstrip antenna is most commonly used, and feeding with 90-degree phase difference is performed in the orthogonal direction by a double-feed or multi-feed mode, so that circular polarized waves are excited, and the feeding structure is simple, so that the method is more beneficial to engineering realization, and is commonly used in practical application. However, the single-fed circular polarization has high requirements on design accuracy, and the axial ratio is difficult to optimize, so that the antenna design is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the disk coupling feed miniaturized circularly polarized antenna for microwave energy collection has good miniaturization effect on the premise of ensuring that other performances of the antenna are not degraded, realizes circular polarization, and is favorable for stable microwave energy collection.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a disk coupling feed miniaturized circularly polarized antenna for microwave energy collection, which comprises a dielectric plate and a conductive probe, wherein the dielectric plate is arranged on the dielectric plate; a circular metal layer is arranged in the center of the upper side surface of the dielectric plate, and an eccentric circular hole is arranged at the eccentric position of the circular metal layer; a coupling feed disc is embedded in the medium plate and parallel to the upper side plate surface, and the circle center of the coupling feed disc deviates from the circle center of the circular metal layer and the circle center of the eccentric circular hole;
the lower side of the dielectric plate is a floor, the upper end of the conductive probe is electrically connected with the center of the lower side of the coupling feed disc, and the lower end of the conductive probe is electrically connected with the floor.
Further, the dielectric plate comprises an upper dielectric plate and a lower dielectric plate; the upper dielectric plate is fixedly arranged above the lower dielectric plate; the coupling feed disc is embedded in the joint of the lower side surface of the upper layer dielectric plate and the upper side surface of the lower layer dielectric plate.
Further, the thickness H2 of the lower dielectric plate is twice the thickness H1 of the upper dielectric plate.
Further, the thickness H2 of the lower dielectric plate ranges from 1.8 to 2.2mm, and the thickness H1 of the upper dielectric plate ranges from 0.9 to 1.1mm.
Further, the thickness H2 of the lower dielectric plate is 2mm, and the thickness H1 of the upper dielectric plate is 1mm.
Further, the upper dielectric plate and the lower dielectric plate are both square plates, and are made of the same material, have a dielectric constant of 2.2, and have a loss tangent of 0.0009.
Further, the radius a of the round metal layer ranges from 18 mm to 20mm; the radius b of the eccentric round hole ranges from 10 mm to 10.5mm; the radius s of the coupling feed disc ranges from 4.8 mm to 5mm.
Further, the radius a of the circular metal layer is 19mm; the radius b of the eccentric round hole is 10.25mm; the radius s of the coupling feed disk is 4.9mm.
Further, the projections of the circle center of the coupling feed disc, the circle center of the circular metal layer and the circle center of the eccentric circular hole on the same horizontal projection plane are not collinear.
Further, on the horizontal projection plane, the center projection of the circular metal layer is taken as the origin (0, 0) of the rectangular coordinate system of the plane, so that the center projection coordinates of the eccentric circular hole are (-2.7 mm,2.7 mm), and the center projection coordinates of the circular metal layer are (0, -6.1 mm).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the eccentric circular holes are formed in the eccentric positions of the surfaces of the circular metal layers, and the formed circular rings are subjected to disc coupling feed to inhibit the surface inductance effect, so that the performance of the antenna is improved, the patch size of the antenna is reduced to 70.7% of that of the traditional antenna without changing the gain of the antenna, the maximum radiation direction axial ratio is 2.1dB, circular polarization is realized, the impedance characteristic, bandwidth and gain performance of the antenna are maintained, and meanwhile, the antenna has a better miniaturization effect, and therefore, the antenna has a wide application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a circularly polarized antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a circularly polarized antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a prior art patch antenna;
fig. 4 is a diagram of an equivalent circuit of a prior art patch antenna;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of an equivalent circuit of a circularly polarized antenna according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph comparing S11 curves of a circularly polarized antenna of the present invention and a patch antenna of the prior art;
FIG. 7 is a graph comparing gain curves of a circularly polarized antenna of the present invention and a patch antenna of the prior art;
FIG. 8 is a graph comparing S11 curves of a circularly polarized antenna and a simulated antenna according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a gain contrast diagram of a circularly polarized antenna and a simulated antenna according to the present invention;
fig. 10 is a diagram showing the axial ratio of the circularly polarized antenna according to the present invention to that of the dummy antenna.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the disk coupling feed miniaturized circularly polarized antenna for microwave energy collection according to the present invention comprises a dielectric plate and a conductive probe 5; a circular metal layer 3 is arranged in the center of the upper side surface of the dielectric plate, and an eccentric circular hole 6 is arranged at the eccentric position of the circular metal layer 3; a coupling feed disc 4 is embedded and arranged in the medium plate and parallel to the upper side plate surface, and the circle center of the coupling feed disc 4 deviates from the circle center of the circular metal layer 3 and the circle center of the eccentric circular hole 6;
the lower side of the dielectric plate is a floor, the upper end of the conductive probe 5 is electrically connected with the center of the lower side of the coupling feed disc 4, and the lower end of the conductive probe 5 is electrically connected with the floor.
The eccentric circular holes are formed in the eccentric positions of the surfaces of the circular metal layers, and the formed circular rings are subjected to disc coupling feed to inhibit the surface inductance effect, so that the performance of the antenna is improved, the patch size of the antenna can be reduced to 70.7% of that of the traditional antenna without changing the gain of the antenna, the maximum radiation direction axial ratio is 2.1dB, circular polarization is realized, and the antenna has good miniaturization effect while the impedance characteristic, bandwidth and gain performance of the antenna are maintained.
Further, the dielectric plates comprise an upper dielectric plate 2 and a lower dielectric plate 1; the upper dielectric plate 2 is fixedly arranged above the lower dielectric plate 1; the back of the upper dielectric plate 2 is not coated with copper; the coupling feed disc 4 is embedded in the joint of the lower side surface of the upper dielectric plate 2 and the upper side surface of the lower dielectric plate 1. The upper dielectric plate 2 and the lower dielectric plate 1 are used for fixing and forming the dielectric plates, so that the coupling feed disc 4 can be conveniently embedded and arranged, and the antenna is easy to process.
Further, the thickness H2 of the lower dielectric plate 1 is twice the thickness H1 of the upper dielectric plate 2.
Further, the thickness H2 of the lower dielectric plate 1 is in the range of 1.8 to 2.2mm, and the thickness H1 of the upper dielectric plate 2 is in the range of 0.9 to 1.1mm.
Further, the thickness H2 of the lower dielectric plate 1 is preferably 2mm, and the thickness H1 of the upper dielectric plate 2 is preferably 1mm.
Further, the upper dielectric plate 2 and the lower dielectric plate 1 are both square plates, and are made of the same material, have a dielectric constant of 2.2, and have a loss tangent of 0.0009.
Further, the radius a of the circular metal layer 3 ranges from 18 mm to 20mm; the radius b of the eccentric round hole 6 ranges from 10 mm to 10.5mm; the radius s of the coupling feed disk 4 ranges from 4.8 to 5mm.
Further, the radius a of the circular metal layer 3 is preferably 19mm; the radius b of the eccentric circular hole 6 is preferably 10.25mm; the radius s of the coupling feed disk 4 is preferably 4.9mm.
Further, the projections of the circle center of the coupling feed disc 4, the circle center of the circular metal layer 3 and the circle center of the eccentric circular hole 6 on the same horizontal projection plane are not collinear.
Further, on the horizontal projection plane, the center projection of the circular metal layer 3 is taken as the origin (0, 0) of the rectangular coordinate system of the plane, so that the center projection coordinate of the eccentric circular hole 6 is preferably (-2.7 mm,2.7 mm), and the center projection coordinate of the circular metal layer 3 is preferably (0, -6.1 mm). Through the asymmetric structure, two degenerate modes with 90-degree phase difference can be excited in the orthogonal direction of the surface of the circular metal layer 3, and when the two modes resonate at the same frequency (2.45 GHz), circular polarization is realized at the frequency point.
In order to illustrate the miniaturization advantage of the antenna of the present invention, the present invention provides a patch antenna structure in the prior art, as shown in fig. 3, a circular patch is disposed on a dielectric plate, and feeding is achieved through a feeding probe. The feeding of the metal feeding probe in the patch antenna structure is equivalent to the inductance L k The circular patch corresponds to the capacitor C mn Inductance L mn Admittance G mn The equivalent circuit is shown in figure 4.
In the miniaturized circular polarized antenna with disc coupling feed for microwave energy collection, the disc coupling feed is realized by adopting the coupling feed disc 4, which is equivalent to the capacitive impedance compensation on the conductive probe 5, so that the equivalent parameter during feeding can be equivalent to an inductance L '' k And capacitance C' k Series circuit, the antenna can be equivalent to a capacitor C 'at the working frequency' mn Inductance L' mn Admittance G' mn The equivalent circuit of the parallel circuit is shown in fig. 5.
Comparing two equivalent circuits, the inductance effect of the surface due to the extension of the current path, i.e. L' mn ＞L mn The circular metal layer size in fig. 1 is thus reduced from the circular patch size in fig. 3, resulting in C' mn ＜C mn According to an LC equivalent circuit frequency calculation formula, compared with the antenna in the prior art, the antenna provided by the invention can be used for better reducing the resonant frequency and realizing miniaturization of the antenna:
the circular polarized antenna for microwave energy collection is miniaturized by forming the eccentric circular hole 6 at the eccentric position of the surface of the circular metal layer 3, and inhibiting the surface inductance effect to improve the antenna performance by adopting the circular disc coupling feed on the formed circular ring, and the simulation proves that the patch size is reduced to 70.7% of the traditional mode and the maximum radiation direction axial ratio is 2.1dB under the premise of not changing the antenna gain, and circular polarization is realized. Furthermore, the antenna structure of the invention has the advantages of simple feed network and easy processing.
Comparing the design of the circularly polarized antenna of the present invention with several conventional designs currently existing, in fig. 3, the conventional antenna design is shown in fig. 1, the design of the circularly polarized antenna of the present invention is shown in fig. 6, and fig. 6 is a comparison of S11 parameters of the two designs, from the comparison of the design of the circularly polarized antenna of the present invention and the conventional circular patch antenna, the bandwidth of the circularly polarized antenna of the present invention is almost unchanged compared with that of the conventional circular antenna, the bandwidth of-10 dB is only 10MHz less, and from the gain performance, the maximum gain is 7.28dB and 7.11dB, respectively. This means that the design achieves miniaturization while well retaining the performance of the original antenna.
The circular polarized antenna design physical model is processed, antenna simulation parameters and actual measurement parameters are compared in fig. 8, 9 and 10, and the actual measurement results and simulation results are basically consistent from the perspective of S11 parameters, gains and axial ratio parameters, although certain errors are mainly caused by processing and material errors and can be ignored, which shows that the circular polarized antenna design is feasible, and the circular polarized antenna design is a design simulation of a dielectric plate under the condition of copper plating with thin copper, and the default copper plating thickness is 0.0009mm.
As described above, although the present invention has been shown and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, it is not to be construed as limiting the invention itself. Various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A miniaturized circular polarized antenna of disc coupling feed for microwave energy collection, its characterized in that: comprises a dielectric plate and a conductive probe (5); a circular metal layer (3) is arranged in the center of the upper side surface of the dielectric plate, and an eccentric circular hole (6) is arranged at the eccentric position of the circular metal layer (3); a coupling feed disc (4) is embedded in the medium plate and parallel to the upper side plate surface, and the circle center of the coupling feed disc (4) deviates from the circle center of the circular metal layer (3) and the circle center of the eccentric circular hole (6);
the lower side of the dielectric plate is a floor, the upper end of the conductive probe (5) is electrically connected with the center of the lower side of the coupling feed disc (4), and the lower end of the conductive probe (5) is electrically connected with the floor;
the dielectric plate comprises an upper dielectric plate (2) and a lower dielectric plate (1); the upper dielectric plate (2) is fixedly arranged above the lower dielectric plate (1); the coupling feed disc (4) is embedded in the joint of the lower side surface of the upper layer dielectric plate (2) and the upper side surface of the lower layer dielectric plate (1).
2. The disc-coupled fed miniaturized circularly polarized antenna for microwave energy harvesting of claim 1, wherein: the thickness H2 of the lower dielectric plate (1) is twice the thickness H1 of the upper dielectric plate (2).
3. The disc-coupled fed miniaturized circularly polarized antenna for microwave energy harvesting of claim 2, wherein: the thickness H2 of the lower dielectric plate (1) ranges from 1.8 to 2.2mm, and the thickness H1 of the upper dielectric plate (2) ranges from 0.9 to 1.1mm.
4. A disc-coupled fed miniaturized circularly polarized antenna for microwave energy harvesting as in claim 3, wherein: the thickness H2 of the lower dielectric plate (1) is 2mm, and the thickness H1 of the upper dielectric plate (2) is 1mm.
5. The disc-coupled fed miniaturized circularly polarized antenna for microwave energy harvesting of claim 1, wherein: the upper dielectric plate (2) and the lower dielectric plate (1) are square plates, are made of the same material, have a dielectric constant of 2.2 and have a loss tangent of 0.0009.
6. The disc-coupled fed miniaturized circularly polarized antenna for microwave energy harvesting of claim 1, wherein: the radius a of the circular metal layer (3) ranges from 18 mm to 20mm; the radius b of the eccentric round hole (6) ranges from 10 to 10.5mm; the radius s of the coupling feed disc (4) ranges from 4.8 to 5mm.
7. The disc-coupled fed miniaturized circularly polarized antenna for microwave energy harvesting of claim 5, wherein: the radius a of the circular metal layer (3) is 19mm; the radius b of the eccentric round hole (6) is 10.25mm; the radius s of the coupling feed disk (4) is 4.9mm.
8. The disc-coupled fed miniaturized circularly polarized antenna for microwave energy harvesting of claim 1, wherein: the projections of the circle center of the coupling feed disc (4), the circle center of the circular metal layer (3) and the circle center of the eccentric circular hole (6) on the same horizontal projection plane are not collinear.
9. The disc-coupled fed miniaturized circularly polarized antenna for microwave energy harvesting of claim 8, wherein: on the horizontal projection plane, the center projection of the circular metal layer (3) is taken as the origin (0, 0) of the rectangular coordinate system of the plane, so that the center projection coordinate of the eccentric circular hole (6) is (-2.7 mm,2.7 mm), and the center projection coordinate of the circular metal layer (3) is (0, -6.1 mm).
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| CN202111202798.4A CN113922076B (en) | 2021-10-15 | 2021-10-15 | Disc coupling feed miniaturized circularly polarized antenna for microwave energy collection |
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| CN113922076B true CN113922076B (en) | 2023-07-21 |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR20020061208A (en) * | 2001-01-15 | 2002-07-24 | (주)신원전자 | Aperture Coupled Cross-Slot Circular Polarization Microstrip Patch Antenna for PCS Terminal and Mobile Communication |
| CN103165988A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2013-06-19 | 电子科技大学 | Broadband Circularly Polarized RFID Reader Antenna |
| KR20160045649A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2016-04-27 | 에이피위성통신주식회사 | Multilayer ceramic circular polarized antenna having a Stub parasitic element |
| CN105811102A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-07-27 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Miniature low-profile broadband dual-circular-polarization microstrip antenna |
| CN108011188A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-08 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of three frequency range low section omnidirectional circular-polarized antennas |
| CN112563741A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-26 | 东南大学 | Dual-frequency dual-polarization micro base station antenna suitable for 5G full frequency band and dual-antenna system |
-
2021
- 2021-10-15 CN CN202111202798.4A patent/CN113922076B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20020061208A (en) * | 2001-01-15 | 2002-07-24 | (주)신원전자 | Aperture Coupled Cross-Slot Circular Polarization Microstrip Patch Antenna for PCS Terminal and Mobile Communication |
| CN103165988A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2013-06-19 | 电子科技大学 | Broadband Circularly Polarized RFID Reader Antenna |
| KR20160045649A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2016-04-27 | 에이피위성통신주식회사 | Multilayer ceramic circular polarized antenna having a Stub parasitic element |
| CN105811102A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-07-27 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Miniature low-profile broadband dual-circular-polarization microstrip antenna |
| CN108011188A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-08 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of three frequency range low section omnidirectional circular-polarized antennas |
| CN112563741A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-26 | 东南大学 | Dual-frequency dual-polarization micro base station antenna suitable for 5G full frequency band and dual-antenna system |
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