CN114039208A - Multi-band slot coupling antenna - Google Patents
Multi-band slot coupling antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN114039208A CN114039208A CN202111387594.2A CN202111387594A CN114039208A CN 114039208 A CN114039208 A CN 114039208A CN 202111387594 A CN202111387594 A CN 202111387594A CN 114039208 A CN114039208 A CN 114039208A
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- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 31
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006880 cross-coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/0414—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna in a stacked or folded configuration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/002—Protection against seismic waves, thermal radiation or other disturbances, e.g. nuclear explosion; Arrangements for improving the power handling capability of an antenna
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/10—Resonant antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/50—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/045—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means
- H01Q9/0457—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means electromagnetically coupled to the feed line
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-band slot coupling antenna, which comprises an upper layer feed substrate and a lower layer dielectric plate which are stacked. The upper surface of the upper layer feed substrate is etched with a microstrip feeder and a rectangular radiation patch, and the lower surface of the lower layer dielectric plate is provided with a circular radiation patch; a ground plane is arranged between the upper layer feed substrate and the lower layer dielectric plate and is arranged right above the circular radiation patch, and a copper sheet is laid on the ground plane; the ground plane is provided with a cross-shaped coupling groove; after the feed port is fed, the rectangular radiation patch is fed through the microstrip feed line, and energy is coupled to the circular radiation patch through a slit. The invention optimizes the feed performance and radiation performance of the microstrip antenna by using a slot coupling feed mode, so that the antenna is miniaturized and works in multiple frequency bands, and the gain performance is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless antennas, and relates to a multi-band slot coupling antenna.
Background
With the development of technology, modern portable mobile terminal products become necessities in life, and antennas are subject to multiple upgrades as bridges for transmitting and receiving signals. In order to meet the needs of life, various multi-band antennas are designed and produced accordingly.
In the prior art, in order to meet the requirements of broadband, multi-band and antenna miniaturization, a common single-patch microstrip antenna is difficult to realize multi-band. The microstrip antenna array technology can achieve multiple frequency bands and greatly improve the bandwidth, but the structure of the antenna array is relatively complex and is not beneficial to mass processing and production. In order to make the common microstrip antenna have the advantages of multiple frequency bands, simple structure and benefit for mass processing, the design structure of the microstrip antenna becomes more important.
In general, a conventional microstrip antenna usually employs two direct contact feeding methods, i.e., a transmission line and a coaxial line. This has the advantage of simplicity and the disadvantage that a compromise has to be made between bandwidth and feed radiation, although increasing the substrate thickness can increase the bandwidth. The resulting feed radiation and surface wave energy and feed line inductance are not applicable. The novel feeding mode is to adopt contactless coupling feeding. This feeding method generally requires the structure of the microstrip antenna to be a double-layer (or multi-layer) structure. In general, the aperture-coupled feed is formed by separating two parallel substrates by a ground plate, and the microstrip line on the bottom substrate is coupled to the patch on the upper substrate through a small aperture on the ground plate. The coupled feeding mode allows feeding on a thin substrate with high dielectric constant, and mounting the antenna on a thick substrate with low dielectric constant. Therefore, the feed performance and the radiation performance of the microstrip antenna can be respectively optimized by adopting the coupling feed of the double-layer structure. This structure can reduce the influence of the parasitic radiation of the feed source on the antenna pattern and polarization purity. However, the antenna cannot operate in multiple frequency bands simply by using the aperture-coupled feed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a multi-band slot coupling antenna, which optimizes the feed performance and the radiation performance of a microstrip antenna by utilizing a slot coupling feed mode, so that the antenna is miniaturized, works in multiple frequency bands, and the gain performance is greatly improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The invention relates to a multi-band slot coupling antenna which comprises two layers of dielectric substrates, namely an upper layer feed substrate and a lower layer dielectric plate which are overlapped.
The upper surface of the upper layer feed substrate is etched with a microstrip feeder and a rectangular radiation patch, and the lower surface of the lower layer dielectric plate is provided with a circular radiation patch; a ground plane is arranged between the upper layer feed substrate and the lower layer dielectric plate and is arranged right above the circular radiation patch, and a copper sheet is laid on the ground plane; the ground plane is provided with a cross-shaped coupling groove; after the feed port is fed, the rectangular radiation patch is fed through the microstrip feed line, and energy is coupled to the circular radiation patch through a slit.
Preferably, the upper feeding substrate 1 is an FR4 feeding substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.9 and a thickness of 1 mm.
Furthermore, the rectangular radiation patch 3 is placed along the symmetry axis of the upper surface layer width of the upper layer feed substrate 1, is 23mm away from the edge width of the upper surface layer of the upper layer feed substrate 1, and is connected with the microstrip feeder 4.
Further, the microstrip feeder line 4 is arranged along the symmetry axis of the surface layer width of the upper layer feed substrate 1, and the set length is 23 mm; the offset angle between the microstrip feeder line 4 and the two arms of the lower cross-shaped coupling slot 5 is 45 degrees.
Preferably, the width of the slit opening 7 is W2 ═ 1 mm.
Preferably, the medium of the lower medium plate 2 is made of foam material.
Preferably, the two arms of the cross-shaped coupling slot 5 are unequal, and the length ratio of the two arms is 1: 1.17.
the antenna has four resonance points which are respectively 3.2GHz, 4.7GHz, 5.9GHz and 6.9 GHz.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the invention realizes two feed technologies of microstrip line side feed and gap coupling feed by using only one feed port. Compared to coaxial or microstrip line feeding, aperture coupled feeding has some significant advantages: the feed position does not need welding spots, and the adjustable parameters for impedance matching are more; the substrates adopted by the feed structure and the radiation patch are separated from each other, and different dielectric materials and dielectric thicknesses can be independently selected to meet the requirement of the feed structure on the radiation patch; by adjusting the length of the coupling slot or the length of the open end of the microstrip feeder line, impedance matching with the radiation patch can be achieved more easily than other feeding modes.
2. The antenna can work in four frequency bands, and the common single-patch microstrip antenna is difficult to work in multiple frequency bands.
3. The antenna can be used for low-frequency wireless communication, has the characteristics of high gain and low section, and is more suitable for a multi-terminal communication environment.
4. The antenna technology is the key to effective transmission of radio waves, and has wide market requirements and economic benefits. The multi-band antenna designed by the invention has the advantages of small volume, simple structure, light weight, low cost, low profile, convenient processing and easy installation, conforms to the development requirement of a wireless communication technology and has better economic benefit.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multiband slot-coupled antenna according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a dimension marking according to an embodiment of the present invention. Wherein, L1, L2 are the length and width of the rectangular radiation patch respectively, L3, L4 are the length and width of the dielectric slab respectively, R1 is the radius of the circular radiation patch, W1 is the width of the microstrip feeder, W2 is the width of the slot, W3, W4 are the length of the double arms of the cross-shaped coupling slot, h1 is the thickness of the lower dielectric slab, and h2 is the thickness of the upper feeding substrate.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of preferred dimensions of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a return loss plot for one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph of the gain result of the multiband slot coupled antenna of the present invention at the frequency point 3.2 GHz;
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the gain result of the multiband slot coupled antenna of the present invention at the frequency point 4.7 GHz;
FIG. 7 is a graph of the gain result of the multiband slot coupled antenna of the present invention at the frequency point 5.9 GHz;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the gain result of the multiband slot coupled antenna of the present invention at the frequency point of 6.9 GHz;
the antenna comprises an upper-layer feed substrate, a lower-layer dielectric plate, a rectangular radiation patch, a microstrip feeder, a feed substrate, a cross-shaped coupling groove, a grounding plane, a slot opening, an air dielectric layer, a circular radiation patch and a feed port, wherein the upper-layer feed substrate is 1, the lower-layer dielectric plate is 2, the rectangular radiation patch is 3, the microstrip feeder is 4, the feed substrate is 5, the cross-shaped coupling groove is 6, the grounding plane is 7, the cross-shaped coupling groove is formed in the grounding plane, the slot opening is 8, the air dielectric layer is 9, the circular radiation patch is 10, and the feed port is 11.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the multiband slot-coupled antenna of the present invention includes two dielectric substrates, i.e. an upper feeding substrate 1 and a lower dielectric plate 2, which are stacked.
The structure from top to bottom is as follows in proper order: the upper surface of the upper layer feed substrate 1 is etched with a microstrip feed line 4 and a rectangular radiation patch 3, and the lower surface of the lower layer dielectric plate 2 is provided with a circular radiation patch 9; a copper sheet is laid on the ground surface 6 between the two dielectric plates; a ground plane 6 is arranged right above the circular radiation patch 9, and a cross-shaped coupling groove 5 is formed in the ground plane; after feeding the feeding port 10, the rectangular radiation patch 3 is fed through the microstrip feeding line 4, and energy is coupled to the circular radiation patch 9 through a slot 7.
The upper layer feed substrate 1 is an FR4 feed substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.9 and a thickness of 1 mm.
The rectangular radiation patch 3 is arranged on the upper surface layer of the upper-layer feed substrate 1, and the square radiation patch is arranged along the wide symmetric axis of the upper surface layer, is 23mm away from the side width of the upper surface layer and is connected with the microstrip feeder 4.
The microstrip feeder line 4 is etched on the upper surface layer of the upper layer feed substrate 1 and fed by a microstrip line, the offset angle between the microstrip feeder line and two arms of the lower cross-shaped coupling groove 5 is 45 degrees, the microstrip feeder line is placed along a symmetry axis of the surface width of the upper layer feed substrate 1, and the set length is 23 mm.
And the ground plane 6 is provided with a cross-shaped coupling groove 5, the ground plane 6 is positioned above the air dielectric layer 8, the ground plane is arranged between two dielectric plates, and a copper sheet is laid.
The width of the slit opening 7 is W2-1 mm, which can be flexibly adjusted in practical application, and it is required that W2 is much smaller than W3 and W4.
And the air medium layer 8 is arranged, and the arranged air medium layer 8 is a medium of the lower medium plate 2 and is replaced by a foam material in the actual situation.
The cross-shaped coupling groove 5 is characterized in that the two arms of the cross-shaped coupling groove 5 are unequal in length, the length of W3 is 14mm, the length of W4 is 12mm, and the length ratio is about 1.17.
And the circular radiation patch 9 is positioned on the lower surface layer of the lower dielectric slab 2.
And the feed port 10 is used for feeding the rectangular radiation patch 3 through the microstrip feed line 4, and coupling energy to the circular radiation patch 9 through a gap.
In this embodiment, the radiation patch is a circular patch 9, the radius R1 is 12.88mm, and an air dielectric layer 8 with a thickness of 2mm is disposed above the patch.
Above the air dielectric layer 8 is a ground plane 6 with a cross-shaped coupling slot 5. The arms of the cross coupling slot 5 are unequal in length, W3 is 14mm long, W4 is 12mm long, and the ratio of the lengths is about 1.17. The width W2 of the slit opening 7 is 1mm, and the value can be flexibly adjusted in practical application, and the requirement that W2 is far smaller than W3 and W4 is met.
In this embodiment, an FR4 feed substrate 1 with a dielectric constant of 4.9 and a thickness of 1mm is disposed above the ground plane 6, and the upper surface layer of the feed substrate 1 is a microstrip feed line 4, and the width W1 of the microstrip feed line is 2mm, so as to ensure that the input impedance of the feed line is about 50 ohms.
In this embodiment, the offset angle between the microstrip feed line 4 and the two arms of the cross-shaped coupling slot 5 is 45 degrees. After multiple times of experimental simulation modification, the length of the rectangular radiation patch 3 fed by the microstrip feeder line at the uppermost layer is 26mm, and the width is 20 mm.
In the present invention, the cross-shaped slot 7 is equivalent to two separate slots perpendicular to each other, and the antenna is equivalent to two linearly polarized antennas perpendicular to each other, and by appropriately adjusting the length of the cross-shaped slot 7, an ideal impedance matching can be obtained. The slot openings 7 with different lengths can excite two similar resonance modes, wherein the two modes need to have similar amplitudes and need to have 90-degree phase difference.
Generally, the microstrip patch antenna has a high quality factor Q, and in order to effectively reduce the quality factor Q value of the microstrip antenna, a medium with a low dielectric constant and a thick thickness must be selected, so that for the feed substrate 1, selecting a thin substrate will effectively reduce spurious radiation from the feed line. In the present invention, since the aperture coupling feeding method is used, it is possible to select the aperture coupling feeding method for each of different needs. But the dielectric thickness of the radiating substrate should not be too thick, otherwise unnecessary higher-order modes and spurious radiation are easily excited on the surface of the patch antenna, and the value is usually not more than 0.052 lambda.
In the present invention, the width of the coupling slot 7 has little effect on the overall performance of the antenna, and its value can be used to adjust the impedance matching of the antenna. In general, when the thickness of the antenna radiation substrate is increased, the width of the slit opening 7 is also required to be increased to enhance the degree of coupling. In the present invention, the antenna is not sensitive to changes in its values. The width W2 of the slot 7 should be less than one tenth of the length W3 and W4 of the slot 7. In application, the thickness can be specifically selected according to actual conditions, and is usually 1mm for convenient manufacture.
The invention utilizes the characteristic that the feed structure and the substrate of the radiation patch are separated from each other, and adopts the radiation substrate with lower dielectric constant and larger thickness to reduce the Q value of the antenna. In addition, the ground plate can shield parasitic radiation from the feed line, and prevent the parasitic radiation from interfering with the radiation pattern of the upper half of the antenna.
The antenna provided by the invention has four resonance points, namely 3.2GHz, 4.7GHz, 5.9GHz and 6.9GHz, S11 at the four resonance points is less than-15 dB, the reflected energy of the port is less than 3.2%, and the antenna has good matching performance. The far-field pattern for the four frequency points is as follows, with a maximum gain of 1.6dB at 3.2GHz, a gain of 2.3dB at 4.7GHz, a gain of 8.9dB at 5.9GHz, and a gain of 2.6dB at 6.9 GHz.
Claims (8)
1. A multi-band slot coupling antenna is characterized by comprising two layers of dielectric substrates, namely an upper layer feed substrate (1) and a lower layer dielectric plate (2) which are overlapped;
the upper surface of the upper layer feed substrate (1) is etched with a microstrip feeder (4) and a rectangular radiation patch (3), and the lower surface of the lower layer dielectric plate (2) is provided with a circular radiation patch (9); a ground plane (6) arranged right above the circular radiation patch (9) is arranged between the upper layer feed substrate (1) and the lower layer dielectric plate (2), and a copper sheet is laid on the ground plane; the ground plane (6) is provided with a cross-shaped coupling groove (5); after the feed port (10) is fed, the rectangular radiation patch (3) is fed through the microstrip feed line (4), and energy is coupled to the circular radiation patch (9) through a slit opening (7).
2. The multiple band slot coupled antenna of claim 1, wherein said upper feed substrate (1) is FR4 feed substrate having a dielectric constant of 4.9 and a thickness of 1 mm.
3. The multiple band slot coupled antenna of claim 1, wherein the rectangular radiating patch (3) is placed along the symmetry axis of the upper surface width of the upper feeding substrate (1), is 23mm wide from the edge of the upper surface of the upper feeding substrate (1), and is connected to the microstrip feed line (4).
4. The multiband slot-coupled antenna of claim 1, wherein the microstrip feed line (4) is placed along the symmetry axis of the surface width of the upper feed substrate (1) with a set length of 23 mm; the offset angle between the microstrip feeder line (4) and two arms of the cross-shaped coupling groove (5) below is 45 degrees.
5. The multiple band slot coupled antenna of claim 1, wherein said slot aperture (7) has a width W2-1 mm.
6. The multiple band slot coupled antenna of claim 1, wherein the dielectric of said lower dielectric plate (2) is a foam material.
7. The multiple band slot-coupled antenna of claim 1, wherein said cross-shaped coupling slot (5) has unequal arms and a length ratio of 1: 1.17.
8. the multiple band slot coupled antenna of claim 1, wherein said antenna has four resonance points, 3.2GHz, 4.7GHz, 5.9GHz, and 6.9GHz, respectively.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111387594.2A CN114039208B (en) | 2021-11-22 | 2021-11-22 | Multiband slot coupling antenna |
| KR1020247012137A KR20240065276A (en) | 2021-11-22 | 2022-10-20 | Multi-band slot-combined antenna |
| PCT/CN2022/126402 WO2023088026A1 (en) | 2021-11-22 | 2022-10-20 | Multi-band slot-coupled antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111387594.2A CN114039208B (en) | 2021-11-22 | 2021-11-22 | Multiband slot coupling antenna |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114039208A true CN114039208A (en) | 2022-02-11 |
| CN114039208B CN114039208B (en) | 2023-10-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111387594.2A Active CN114039208B (en) | 2021-11-22 | 2021-11-22 | Multiband slot coupling antenna |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (1) | KR20240065276A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN114039208B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2023088026A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023088026A1 (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2023-05-25 | 江苏科技大学 | Multi-band slot-coupled antenna |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117855822B (en) * | 2024-02-23 | 2024-07-12 | 南通大学 | Circularly polarized antenna based on multi-branch strip decoupling |
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2021
- 2021-11-22 CN CN202111387594.2A patent/CN114039208B/en active Active
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2022
- 2022-10-20 KR KR1020247012137A patent/KR20240065276A/en unknown
- 2022-10-20 WO PCT/CN2022/126402 patent/WO2023088026A1/en unknown
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| JPH06232626A (en) * | 1993-02-02 | 1994-08-19 | A T R Koudenpa Tsushin Kenkyusho:Kk | Slot coupling type microstrip antenna |
| US20040169604A1 (en) * | 2003-02-27 | 2004-09-02 | Lee Jong Moon | Broadband slot antenna and slot array antenna using the same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023088026A1 (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2023-05-25 | 江苏科技大学 | Multi-band slot-coupled antenna |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114039208B (en) | 2023-10-03 |
| WO2023088026A1 (en) | 2023-05-25 |
| KR20240065276A (en) | 2024-05-14 |
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