CN113916108A - Multi-geometric-precision composite detection system and method - Google Patents
Multi-geometric-precision composite detection system and method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B5/25—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes
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- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/20—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring contours or curvatures, e.g. determining profile
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/22—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/22—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B21/24—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing alignment of axes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/20—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
- G01B5/201—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures for measuring roundness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-geometric-precision composite detection system and method. The method comprises the following steps: positioning mechanism, motion, detecting element and industrial computer, positioning mechanism include cylinder guide rail, first disc, second disc, three landing leg and three miniature electromagnetism table seat, and motion includes synchronous belt subassembly, square backup pad, L backup pad one, L backup pad second, first motor and second motor. The accurate and rapid positioning of the detection device is realized through the three supporting legs and the electromagnetic gauge stand, the automatic data acquisition of the detection unit is realized through the motor, the synchronous belt component and the cylindrical guide rail, and the problem that the multi-geometric precision of the water slot of the concrete pumping system cannot be compositely detected is solved by combining the calculation methods of the coaxiality, the roundness, the straightness and the parallelism. The invention reduces the detection cost, improves the detection efficiency and is more suitable for workshops.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multi-geometric-precision composite detection system and method, and belongs to the technical field of hole detection.
Background
The concrete pumping system is a general core part of a concrete machine, and the manufacturing precision of the concrete pumping system directly influences the service performance of a product. The manufacturing quality and consistency are poor, the assembly coaxiality of the pumping system can be seriously influenced, eccentric wear of the piston is caused, the after-sale maintenance cost is increased, and even the pumping system is replaced without compensation, the vehicle is returned and customers are lost. The water tank is used as a core component of a pumping system, coaxiality, roundness, straightness and parallelism of water tank holes directly influence assembly coaxiality quality, laser trackers and large-scale three-coordinate detection are mainly adopted at home and abroad for hole coaxiality, roundness, straightness and parallelism detection, detection efficiency is low, cost is high, detection is only suitable for item-by-item sampling detection, and a mode of respectively detecting two holes is adopted, so that detection operation is complex, time consumption is long, processing beats of a production workshop cannot be met, product quality improvement is severely limited, and intelligent manufacturing transformation upgrading is not facilitated. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a multi-geometric precision detection system and method which is simple and suitable for field use, especially a composite detection system including coaxiality, roundness, straightness and parallelism.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-geometric-precision composite detection system and a multi-geometric-precision composite detection method, which are used for solving the problems that in the prior art, a three-coordinate laser tracker is adopted to detect the coaxiality, the roundness, the straightness and the parallelism of a water channel hole, the machine purchasing cost is high, the detection efficiency is low, the detection is only suitable for sampling inspection and can not realize full inspection, and the detection operation is complicated and the time consumption is longer due to the mode that two holes are respectively detected.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, a multi-geometric precision composite detection system includes: the positioning mechanism comprises a cylindrical guide rail, a first disc, a second disc and three miniature electromagnetic meter seats, the cylindrical guide rail comprises a cylinder and linear guide rails positioned on two sides of the cylinder, the axis of the cylinder and the axis of the linear guide rail are parallel to the axis of a workpiece hole system to be detected, one end of the cylinder is sleeved in the first disc, the second disc is rotatably connected with the first disc, three support legs are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the second disc, the end part of each support leg is provided with an L part for clamping the second disc on the inner wall and the side surface of the workpiece hole to be detected, and each L part is provided with one miniature electromagnetic meter seat; the motion mechanism comprises a square support plate, a first L support plate, a second L support plate, a first driving mechanism and a second driving mechanism, the square support plate is movably arranged on the linear guide rail, and the first driving mechanism drives the square support plate to linearly move along the direction of the cylindrical axis; the second driving mechanism drives the cylindrical guide rail to rotate around the axis of the hole system of the workpiece to be measured; the first L-shaped support plate is connected with the side face of one end of the cylinder, the second L-shaped support plate is connected with the bottom face of the other end of the cylinder, and the first L-shaped support plate and the second L-shaped support plate are arranged in parallel; the detection unit comprises a first detection unit, a second detection unit and a third detection unit, wherein the first detection unit is arranged on the square supporting plate, the second detection unit is arranged on the first L supporting plate, the third detection unit is arranged on the second L supporting plate, and the first detection unit, the second detection unit and the third detection unit are all electrically connected with the industrial personal computer.
Further, the first driving mechanism comprises a synchronous belt assembly and a first motor, the synchronous belt assembly is arranged in the linear guide rail, the square support plate is arranged on the synchronous belt assembly, and the first motor provides power for the synchronous belt assembly to drive the square support plate to move linearly along the direction of the cylindrical axis; the second driving mechanism comprises a second motor, and the second motor is connected with one end of the cylinder and drives the cylinder guide rail to rotate around the axis of the hole system of the workpiece to be measured.
Further, the cylinder guide rail still includes manual rocking handle, manual rocking handle setting is in on the cylinder one end bottom surface.
Furthermore, a plurality of positioning holes are formed in the square support plate, and the first detection unit is mounted on the square support plate through the positioning holes.
Further, the motion mechanism further comprises a blocking plate, and the blocking plate is arranged at the tail part of the linear guide rail.
Furthermore, the L-shaped support plate II is detachably connected with the bottom surface of the other end of the cylinder.
Further, the second disk is connected with the first disk through a rolling cylinder.
Further, the industrial computer includes:
the user login module is used for identity authentication and identification of an operator;
the parameter setting module is used for setting the rotation speed of the cylinder, the rotation angle of the cylinder, the detection retention time, the moving speed of the square supporting plate and the number of detection points;
and the production information module is used for inputting the information of the detection personnel, the source manufacturer of the raw material of the workpiece to be detected, the size of the workpiece to be detected and the bar code of the workpiece to be detected.
The process detection module is used for realizing automatic detection, manual detection, micro electromagnetic gauge stand activation, graphical display of a detection process, alarming, data processing and storage;
the query analysis module is used for realizing query and analysis of data, displaying the queried data and independently storing the queried data;
and the data uploading module is used for uploading the detection data to an MES (Manufacturing Execution System).
Further, the industrial computer includes: the power supply, the switch, the start button and the emergency stop button, the first motor and the second motor are connected with the power supply, the switch is controlled to supply power to the power supply, and the start button and the emergency stop button are arranged on the panel of the industrial personal computer.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a multi-geometric precision composite detection method, which is performed by using the foregoing system, and includes:
placing the multi-geometric-precision composite detection system in a detection hole of a workpiece to be detected, clamping three support legs on a first workpiece hole to be detected through L parts of the three support legs, activating a micro electromagnetic gauge stand to enable the three support legs to tightly suck the workpiece to be detected, and placing a first detection unit at one end face of the first workpiece hole to be detected;
setting a cylinder rotation speed, a cylinder rotation angle, detection residence time, a square support plate moving speed and detection points through an industrial personal computer, and inputting detection personnel information, a raw material source manufacturer of a workpiece to be detected, the size of the workpiece to be detected and a bar code of the workpiece to be detected;
the second driving mechanism is rotated, when the rotation is started, the cylindrical guide rail rotates by 0 degrees, the first detection unit, the second detection unit and the third detection unit start to collect data, and then the first detection unit, the second detection unit and the third detection unit collect data when the cylindrical guide rail rotates by a set angle until the cylindrical guide rail rotates by 360 degrees and the circumferential data collection at the first section is finished; the first driving mechanism is started to drive the first detection unit on the square support plate to move in the first hole along the direction of the linear guide railL 1 /nA distance of whereinL 1 The width of the hole is one, and the hole is a circular hole,nthe number of times of detection; the second drive mechanism rotates and repeats the circumferential data acquisition process … … until the travel distance isL 1 ；
The first driving mechanism drives the first detection unit on the square support plate to move along the direction of the linear guide railL 2 To the second hole, the second hole is provided with a hole,L 2 repeating the detection action of the first hole in the second hole until the data acquisition is finished;
and according to the data collected by the first detection unit, the second detection unit and the third detection unit, the coaxiality, the roundness, the straightness and the parallelism of the hole system of the workpiece to be detected are calculated by the industrial personal computer.
Further, the method for calculating the coaxiality comprises the following steps: calculating the coordinates of the center points of the actual sections of the two holes by using the section circumference data, calculating the least square center line of the circle centers according to a least square method, wherein the coaxiality is 2 times of the maximum value of the radial distance from the detection points to the least square center line;
the roundness calculation method comprises the following steps: according to the maximum inscribed circle method calculation principle, the circle center of the maximum inscribed circle is obtained by using the data of the circumference of the cross section, so that the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the distance from each point of the circumference to the circle center on the cross section is calculated, and the roundness is the maximum value of the difference value of each cross section;
the calculation method of the straightness comprises the following steps: establishing an xoy coordinate system by taking the axial distance of the holes as an x axis and the vertical upward direction of the end surface as a y axis, calculating the coordinates of the center points of the actual sections of the two holes by using section circumference data, calculating a least square central line of the circle centers according to a least square method, and taking the straightness as the difference value between the maximum offset and the minimum offset in the y direction from each measuring point to the least square central line;
the method for calculating the parallelism comprises the following steps: the parallelism is the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the difference value of the two detected readings and the three detected readings of the detecting unit.
Further, the multi-geometric precision composite detection method further includes: and uploading the detection data to the MES system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
(1) the hole system coaxiality, roundness, straightness and parallelism composite detection system is integrated, the automation of the detection process is realized, the detection cost is reduced, and the detection efficiency is improved; the detection system can screen out abnormal products, avoids the risk of the products after being put on the market and improves the quality of the whole machine products;
(2) the design of the three supporting legs and the magnetic gauge stand realizes the accurate and quick positioning of the detection device, and the design of the motor, the synchronous belt component and the cylindrical guide rail realizes the automatic control of the movement and the acquisition position of the detection unit;
(3) the user login module in the software system gives the authority to the operator; the parameter setting module can adjust various workpiece detection process parameters; the production information module records personnel and workpiece information and is beneficial to the development of traceability work; the process detection module realizes one-key detection and process digital display; the query analysis module can help a manager to quickly judge and make a decision;
(4) the invention has simple structure, easy realization of functions, wide application range and convenient positioning.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of an overall structure of a multi-geometric-precision composite detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection apparatus in a multi-geometric-precision composite detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of software system modules in a multi-geometric precision composite detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The system comprises a positioning mechanism 1, a moving mechanism 2, a detection unit 3, a workpiece to be detected 4, an industrial personal computer 5, a software system 6, a cylindrical guide rail 11, a first disc 12, a rolling cylinder 13, a rolling cylinder 14, a second disc, a miniature electromagnetic gauge seat 15, a support leg 16, a separation plate 17, a cylinder 111, a linear guide rail 112, a manual rocking handle 113, a synchronous belt assembly 21, a square support plate 22, an L support plate I23, an L support plate II 24, an L support plate II 25, a first motor 26, a second motor 31, a detection unit I32, a detection unit II 33, a detection unit III, a hole I41, a hole II 42, a hole II 51, a power supply 52, a cable 53, a switch 54, a start button 55 and an emergency stop button.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
As mentioned above, for the coaxiality, roundness, straightness and parallelism of the water tank holes, the common detection method, such as a three-coordinate and laser tracker, has high purchase cost and low detection efficiency, is only suitable for sampling inspection and cannot realize full inspection, and the mode of respectively detecting two holes is adopted, so that the detection operation is complicated, the consumed time is longer, the processing beat of a production workshop cannot be met, and the lean manufacturing requirements of enterprises are obviously not met.
To this end, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-geometric precision composite detection system, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, including: positioning mechanism 1, motion 2, detecting element 3 and industrial computer 5.
The positioning mechanism 1 comprises a cylindrical guide rail 11, a first disk 14, a second disk 12, three miniature electromagnetic gauge stands 15 and three support legs 16.
The cylindrical guide rail 11 is composed of a cylinder 111 and linear guide rails 112 positioned at two sides of the cylinder 111, wherein the axis of the cylinder 111 and the axis of the linear guide rails 112 are parallel to the axis of the hole system of the workpiece 4 to be measured.
One end of the cylinder 111 is sleeved in the first disc 14, and the second disc 12 is rotatably connected with the first disc 14, so that the cylindrical guide rail 11 rotates while the three support legs 16 are kept still.
In one embodiment, the second disc 12 is connected to the first disc 14 by a rolling cylinder 13.
The three supporting legs 16 are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the second disc 12, and the end part of each supporting leg 16 is provided with an L part for clamping the supporting leg 16 on the inner wall and the side surface of one end hole of the workpiece 4 to be measured, so that the three supporting legs 16 can be positioned on the inner hole of the workpiece 4 to be measured.
The three miniature electromagnetic gauge seats 15 are respectively arranged on the L parts of the three support legs 16, so that the workpiece 4 to be detected is tightly sucked by activating the miniature electromagnetic gauge seats, and the rapid positioning of the detection device and the workpiece 4 to be detected is realized.
In one embodiment, the positioning mechanism 1 further includes a blocking plate 17, and the blocking plate 17 is disposed at the tail of the linear guide 112 and is used for preventing the square support plate 22 from falling off during the detection process.
As shown in fig. 2, the moving mechanism 2 includes a timing belt assembly 21, a square support plate 22, a first L support plate 23, a second L support plate 24, a first motor 25, and a second motor 26.
The timing belt assembly 21 is disposed in the linear guide 112, and the square support plate 22 is provided on the timing belt assembly 21.
The first motor 25 is connected with the synchronous belt assembly 21 to provide power for the synchronous belt assembly 21, and drives the square support plate 22 to move linearly along the axial direction of the cylinder 111.
The second motor 26 drives the cylindrical guide rail 11 to rotate around the axis of the hole system of the workpiece 4 to be measured.
The first L-shaped support plate 23 is connected with the side face of one end of the column 111, and the second L-shaped support plate 24 is connected with the bottom face of the other end of the column 111. In one embodiment, the second L-shaped support plate 24 is connected to the bottom surface of the other end of the column 111 by riveting or other detachable means, so as to facilitate the removal or installation.
The first L-shaped support plate 23 and the second L-shaped support plate 24 are arranged in parallel.
The detection unit 3 includes a first detection unit 31, a second detection unit 32, and a third detection unit 33.
The first detection unit 31 is disposed on the square support plate 22 and moves along with the square support plate 22. The second detection unit 32 is disposed on the first L-shaped support plate 23, and the third detection unit 33 is disposed on the second L-shaped support plate 24.
In one embodiment, the square support plate 22 is provided with a plurality of positioning holes, and the first detecting unit 31 is mounted on the square support plate 22 through the positioning holes, and the positioning holes can conveniently adjust the position of the first detecting unit 31.
The first detection unit 31, the second detection unit 32 and the third detection unit 33 are all electrically connected with the industrial personal computer 5.
The first detection unit 31, the second detection unit 32 and the third detection unit 33 can be displacement sensors, dial indicators and the like. The first detection unit 31 can realize the detection of coaxiality, roundness and straightness, and the second detection unit 32 and the third detection unit 33 can realize the detection of parallelism of two end faces.
In another embodiment, the cylindrical guide rail 11 further comprises a manual crank 113, the manual crank 113 is disposed on a bottom surface of one end of the cylinder 111, and manual rotation of the cylindrical guide rail 11 can be achieved by operating the manual crank.
As shown in fig. 1, the industrial personal computer 5 includes a power supply 51, a cable 52, a switch 53, a start button 54, and an emergency stop button 55. The first motor 25 and the second motor 26 are connected with a power supply 51 in the industrial personal computer through a cable 52. The switch 53 controls the power supply 51. The start button 54 is arranged on the panel of the industrial personal computer, and one-key detection can be realized. The scram button 55 is arranged on the panel of the industrial personal computer, and can quickly stop detection operation.
The industrial personal computer 5 is loaded with a software system, as shown in fig. 3, the software system includes: the system comprises a user login module, a parameter setting module, a production information module, a process detection module, an inquiry analysis module and a data uploading module.
And the user login module is used for identity authentication and identification of operators and forbids non-operators to use the equipment.
The parameter setting module comprises modules such as cylinder rotating speed, cylinder rotating angle, detection stopping time, internal synchronous belt traveling speed, external synchronous belt traveling speed and detection point number, and is convenient for later-stage detection parameters to be modified according to the size of an actual workpiece. The parameter setting module can be activated only by authority, and non-operators cannot modify related detection parameters.
And the production information module is used for inputting information of detection personnel, a raw material source manufacturer of the workpiece to be detected, the size of the workpiece to be detected, a bar code of the workpiece to be detected and the like, so that the traceability work can be conveniently and quickly carried out.
The process detection module comprises automatic detection, manual detection, electromagnetic gauge stand activation, detection process graphical display, alarm, data processing and storage functions. The automatic detection function can realize one-key detection. When the manual detection function is used, manual control is realized through a manual rocking handle. When the electromagnetic gauge stand is activated, the electromagnetic gauge stand has magnetism, tightly attracts a workpiece, and is convenient for the device to be accurately positioned; when the electromagnetic gauge stand is not activated, the magnetism of the electromagnetic gauge stand disappears, and the device is convenient to install and uninstall. The alarm function is through judging the abnormal behavior of detection device running state and workpiece to be measured, in time pops up alarm information when the fault message appears, makes things convenient for the operator in time to make correct judgement, overhauls the device or reprocesses the work piece.
The query analysis module comprises a form query and SPC graph query module. The table query module displays the queried data in a table form through time query, personnel query and workpiece query modes, and stores the queried data independently. The SPC graph query module displays the processing process capacity of a certain model within a certain period of time in a graph form, so that whether data are normal or not is conveniently analyzed, and when abnormal point data are found, the abnormal occurrence reasons are analyzed in time and improved.
And the data uploading module is used for uploading the detection data to the MES system.
In another embodiment, a multi-geometric precision composite detection method includes:
step 1, placing a detection device in a detection hole of a workpiece 4 to be detected, wherein three support legs 16 are clamped on a first hole 41 of the workpiece 4 to be detected through L parts of the support legs, activating a miniature electromagnetic gauge stand 15 to enable the miniature electromagnetic gauge stand to tightly suck the workpiece 4 to be detected, and placing a first detection unit 31 at the end face of the first hole 41 of the workpiece 4 to be detected;
step 2, setting a cylinder rotation speed, a cylinder rotation angle, detection residence time, an in-hole synchronous belt traveling speed, an out-hole synchronous belt traveling speed and detection points through an industrial personal computer 5, and inputting detection personnel information, a raw material source manufacturer of a workpiece to be detected, the size of the workpiece to be detected and a bar code of the workpiece to be detected;
specifically, a user login module enters a parameter setting module through a software system, and parameters including cylinder rotation speed, cylinder rotation angle, detection residence time, in-hole synchronous belt walking speed, out-hole synchronous belt walking speed, detection point number and the like are set; inputting information of detection personnel, a raw material source manufacturer of a workpiece to be detected, the size of the workpiece to be detected and a bar code of the workpiece to be detected through a production information module; and an automatic detection mode is selected by activating the electromagnetic gauge stand in the process detection module.
Step 4, the first motor 25 rotates, and the synchronous belt assembly 21 drives the first detection unit 31 on the square support plate 22 to move along the direction of the linear guide rail 112L 2 To hole two 42: (L 2 The distance between the first hole 41 and the second hole 42), repeating the detection action of the first hole in the second hole 42 until the value is taken out, and returning the first detection unit 31 to the initial detection position;
specifically, the method for calculating the coaxiality comprises the following steps: calculating the actual central point (x) of each section of the two holes according to the section circumference datai，yi) And calculating the least square central line of each circle center according to a least square method, wherein the coaxiality is 2 times of the maximum value of the radial distance from the detection point to the least square central line.
The roundness calculation method comprises the following steps: according to the maximum inscribed circle method calculation principle, the circle center of the maximum inscribed circle is obtained by using the data of the circumference of the cross section, so that the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the distance from each point of the circumference to the circle center on the cross section is calculated, and the roundness is the maximum value of the difference value of each cross section.
The calculation method of the straightness comprises the following steps: establishing an xoy coordinate system by taking the axial distance of the holes as an x axis and the vertical upward direction of the end surface as a y axis, and calculating the central point (x) of each actual section of the two holes by using the circumferential data of the sectionsi，yi) Calculating a least square central line where each circle center is located according to a least square method, wherein the straightness is the difference value between the maximum offset and the minimum offset from each measuring point to the y direction of the least square central line;
the method for calculating the parallelism comprises the following steps: the second detection unit 32 detects the index as M1, the third detection unit 33 detects the index as M2, and the parallelism is the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the difference between M1 and M2.
And 6, uploading the detection data to the MES system.
An intelligent manufacturing process is facilitated by communicating the inspection data with the MES system.
Finally, after a plurality of workpieces are detected, data can be retrieved and analyzed through the query analysis module.
According to the invention, the accurate and rapid positioning of the detection device is realized by brand-new design of 'three supporting legs + magnetic gauge seats', 'motors + synchronous belt assemblies + cylindrical guide rails' to realize the automatic acquisition of data of the detection unit, and the multi-geometric precision complex detection problem of the water slot of the concrete pumping system is solved by combining the calculation methods of coaxiality, roundness, straightness and parallelism. Meanwhile, the invention reduces the detection cost, improves the detection efficiency and is more suitable for workshops.
The present invention has been disclosed in terms of the preferred embodiment, but is not intended to be limited to the embodiment, and all technical solutions obtained by substituting or converting equivalents thereof fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A multi-geometric precision composite detection system, comprising: a positioning mechanism (1), a motion mechanism (2), a detection unit (3) and an industrial personal computer (5), the positioning mechanism (1) comprises a cylindrical guide rail (11), a first disc (14), a second disc (12) and three miniature electromagnetic meter seats (15), the cylindrical guide rail (11) consists of a cylinder (111) and linear guide rails (112) positioned at two sides of the cylinder (111), the axis of the cylinder (111), the linear guide rail (112) and the axis of the hole system of the workpiece (4) to be measured are parallel, one end of the cylinder (111) is sleeved in the first disc (14), the second disc (12) is rotatably connected with the first disc (14), three supporting legs (16) are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the second disc (12), the end part of each supporting leg (16) is provided with an L part for clamping the supporting leg on the inner wall and the side surface of the hole of the workpiece (4) to be measured, and each L part is provided with one miniature electromagnetic gauge stand (15); the motion mechanism (2) comprises a square support plate (22), an L support plate I (23), an L support plate II (24), a first driving mechanism and a second driving mechanism, wherein the square support plate (22) is movably arranged on the linear guide rail (112), and the first driving mechanism drives the square support plate (22) to linearly move along the axial direction of the cylinder (111); the second driving mechanism drives the cylindrical guide rail (11) to rotate around the axis of the hole system of the workpiece (4) to be measured; the first L-shaped support plate (23) is connected with the side face of one end of the column (111), the second L-shaped support plate (24) is connected with the bottom face of the other end of the column (111), and the first L-shaped support plate (23) and the second L-shaped support plate (24) are arranged in parallel; detection element (3) include detection element one (31), detection element two (32) and detection element three (33), detection element one (31) set up in on square backup pad (22), detection element two (32) set up in on L backup pad one (23), detection element three (33) set up in on L backup pad two (24), detection element one (31), detection element two (32) and detection element three (33) all with industrial computer (5) electricity is connected.
2. A multiple geometric precision composite detection system according to claim 1, wherein the first driving mechanism comprises a synchronization belt assembly (21) and a first motor (25), the synchronization belt assembly (21) is arranged in the linear guide rail (112), the square support plate (22) is arranged on the synchronization belt assembly (21), and the first motor (25) provides power for the synchronization belt assembly (21) to drive the square support plate (22) to move linearly along the axial direction of the cylinder (111); the second driving mechanism comprises a second motor (26), the second motor (26) is connected with one end of the cylinder (111) and drives the cylinder guide rail (11) to rotate around the axis of the hole system of the workpiece (4) to be measured.
3. A multi-geometric-precision composite detection system according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical guide rail (11) further comprises a manual crank (113), and the manual crank (113) is disposed on a bottom surface of one end of the cylinder (111).
4. A multi-geometric-precision composite detection system according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of positioning holes are provided on the square support plate (22), and the first detection unit (31) is mounted on the square support plate (22) through the positioning holes.
5. A multi-geometric-precision composite detection system according to claim 1, wherein the motion mechanism (2) further comprises a blocking plate (17), and the blocking plate (17) is arranged at the tail of the linear guide rail (112).
6. A multi-geometric-precision composite detection system according to claim 1, wherein the second L-shaped support plate (24) is detachably connected to the bottom surface of the other end of the cylinder (111).
7. A multiple geometric precision composite detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that said second disc (12) is connected to said first disc (14) by means of a rolling cylinder (13).
8. A multi-geometric-precision composite detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that said industrial control computer (5) comprises:
the user login module is used for identity authentication and identification of an operator;
the parameter setting module is used for setting the rotation speed of the cylinder (111), the rotation angle of the cylinder (111), the detection retention time, the moving speed of the square supporting plate (22) and the number of detection points;
the production information module is used for inputting information of detection personnel, a raw material source manufacturer of the workpiece to be detected, the size of the workpiece to be detected and a bar code of the workpiece to be detected;
the process detection module is used for realizing automatic detection, manual detection, micro electromagnetic gauge stand activation, graphical display of a detection process, alarming, data processing and storage;
the query analysis module is used for realizing query and analysis of data, displaying the queried data and independently storing the queried data;
and the data uploading module is used for uploading the detection data to the MES system.
9. A multi-geometric-precision composite detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that said industrial control computer (5) comprises: power (51), switch (53), start button (54) and scram button (55), first motor (25) and second motor 26 with power 51 connects, switch 53 control the power 51 supplies power, start button 54 with scram button 55 arranges in on industrial computer (5) the panel.
10. A multi-geometric precision composite detection method using the system of claim 1, comprising:
placing the multi-geometric-precision composite detection system in a detection hole of a workpiece to be detected (4), clamping three support legs (16) on a first hole (41) of the workpiece to be detected (4) through L parts of the three support legs, activating a miniature electromagnetic gauge stand (15) to enable the three support legs (16) to tightly suck the workpiece to be detected (4), and placing a detection unit I (31) at the end face of the first hole (41) of the workpiece to be detected (4);
the rotation speed of a cylinder, the rotation angle of the cylinder, the detection retention time, the moving speed of a square supporting plate (22) and the number of detection points are set through an industrial personal computer (5), and information of detection personnel, a raw material source manufacturer of a workpiece to be detected, the size of the workpiece to be detected and a bar code of the workpiece to be detected are input;
the second driving mechanism is rotated, when the rotation is started, the cylindrical guide rail (11) rotates by 0 degrees, the first detection unit (31), the second detection unit (32) and the third detection unit (33) start to collect data, and then every time the cylindrical guide rail (11) rotates by a set angle, the first detection unit (31), the second detection unit (32) and the third detection unit (33) collect data until the cylindrical guide rail (11) rotates by 360 degrees, and the circumferential data collection at the first section is finished; the first driving mechanism is started to drive the first detection unit (31) on the square supporting plate (22) to move in the first hole (41) along the direction of the linear guide rail (112)L 1 /nA distance of whereinL 1 Is a first (41) width of the hole,nthe number of times of detection; the second drive mechanism rotates and repeats the circumferential data acquisition process … … until the travel distance isL 1 ；
The first driving mechanism drives the first detection unit (31) on the square support plate (22) to move along the direction of the linear guide rail (112)L 2 To the second hole (42),L 2 repeating the detection action of the first hole (41) in the second hole (42) for the distance between the first hole (41) and the second hole (42) until the data acquisition is finished;
and according to the data collected by the first detection unit (31), the second detection unit (32) and the third detection unit (33), the hole coaxiality, the roundness, the straightness and the parallelism of the workpiece to be detected (4) are calculated through the industrial personal computer (5).
11. The multi-geometric-precision composite detection method according to claim 10, wherein the coaxiality is calculated by: calculating the coordinates of the center points of the actual sections of the two holes by using the section circumference data, calculating the least square center line of the circle centers according to a least square method, wherein the coaxiality is 2 times of the maximum value of the radial distance from the detection points to the least square center line;
the roundness calculation method comprises the following steps: according to the maximum inscribed circle method calculation principle, the circle center of the maximum inscribed circle is obtained by using the data of the circumference of the cross section, so that the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the distance from each point of the circumference to the circle center on the cross section is calculated, and the roundness is the maximum value of the difference value of each cross section;
the calculation method of the straightness comprises the following steps: establishing an xoy coordinate system by taking the axial distance of the holes as an x axis and the vertical upward direction of the end surface as a y axis, calculating the coordinates of the center points of the actual sections of the two holes by using section circumference data, calculating a least square central line of the circle centers according to a least square method, and taking the straightness as the difference value between the maximum offset and the minimum offset in the y direction from each measuring point to the least square central line;
the method for calculating the parallelism comprises the following steps: the parallelism is the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the difference between the detection indexes of the second detection unit (32) and the detection indexes of the third detection unit (33).
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| CN116772783A (en) * | 2023-08-22 | 2023-09-19 | 青岛大东自动化科技有限公司 | Method for measuring straightness and parallelism of parts |
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