CN113915331B - Parking device and gearbox - Google Patents

Abstract

The disclosure provides a parking system, and belongs to the field of automobile parking. The parking device comprises a parking executing mechanism, a driving mechanism and a gear shifting mechanism; the driving mechanism comprises a telescopic driver, a parking rod and a locking piece, wherein the first end of the parking rod is connected with the telescopic end of the telescopic driver, the second end of the parking rod is connected with the parking executing mechanism, and the locking piece is connected with the middle part of the parking rod; the gear shifting mechanism comprises a locking rod and a locking driving piece, and the locking driving piece is connected with the first end of the locking rod so as to drive the locking rod to move along the axis of the locking rod; the locking rod is located on one side of the parking rod, and the moving direction of the locking rod is perpendicular to the axis of the parking rod. This openly through this parking device, can improve the action stability of gearbox.

Description

Parking device and gearbox

Technical Field

The disclosure belongs to the field of automobiles, and particularly relates to a parking device and a gearbox.

Background

In order to prevent the vehicle from sliding unexpectedly when the vehicle is stopped, a parking device is generally designed in a transmission of the vehicle. The parking device accurately completes the actions of unlocking (starting the automobile and changing from P gear to non-P gear) and locking (braking the automobile and entering the P gear from the non-P gear) of the gearbox according to the intention of a driver and keeps the corresponding states.

In the related art, most of the vehicles employ a hydraulic parking device. The hydraulic parking device comprises a parking actuating mechanism, a parking rod and a hydraulic driving cylinder. And a piston is arranged in the hydraulic driving cylinder and is in transmission connection with a parking pawl in the parking executing mechanism through a parking rod. The piston moves under the drive of hydraulic oil, drives the parking rod and moves, and the driving parking pawl rotates simultaneously, so that the parking pawl is meshed with a parking ratchet wheel in the parking actuating mechanism to realize parking. The parking pawl is connected in the gearbox through a torsion spring, and the torsion spring is used for locking the position of the parking pawl, so that the parking pawl cannot be meshed with a parking ratchet wheel to park when no external force or the external force is not large enough.

When the automobile is in a violent bumpy road condition, the parking pawl is easy to overcome the acting force of the torsion spring in bumping and is meshed with the parking ratchet wheel, so that the instantaneous locking of the automobile is caused, the danger is caused, and the actual driving requirements of the automobile cannot be met.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the disclosure provides a parking mechanism, and the parking mechanism can improve the action stability of a gearbox. The technical scheme is as follows:

The embodiment of the disclosure provides a parking device, which comprises a parking executing mechanism, a driving mechanism and a gear shifting mechanism;

the driving mechanism comprises a telescopic driver, a parking rod and a locking piece, wherein the first end of the parking rod is connected with the telescopic end of the telescopic driver, the second end of the parking rod is connected with the parking executing mechanism, and the locking piece is connected with the middle part of the parking rod;

the gear shifting mechanism comprises a locking rod and a locking driving piece, the locking driving piece is connected with a first end of the locking rod to drive the locking rod to move along the axis of the locking rod, the locking rod is positioned on one side of the parking rod, and the moving direction of the locking rod is perpendicular to the axis of the parking rod;

the locking piece is configured to be switched between a first position and a second position under the driving of the telescopic driver, when the locking piece is located at the first position, the second end of the locking rod abuts against the locking piece to enable the automobile to be kept in a locking state, when the locking piece is located at the second position, the first end of the locking rod abuts against the locking piece to enable the automobile to be kept in an unlocking state, and the first position and the second position are located on two opposite sides of the axis of the locking rod respectively.

In yet another implementation of the present disclosure, the locking driving member includes a cylinder, a static magnet, an electromagnet, and an elastic member;

the static magnet is embedded in the cylinder body; the electromagnet is positioned in the cylinder, and the first end of the iron core of the electromagnet is connected with the second end of the locking rod;

the elastic piece is located in the barrel, the first end of the elastic piece is connected with the second end of the iron core of the electromagnet, and the second end of the elastic piece is connected with the inner wall of the barrel.

In another implementation manner of the present disclosure, an overflow channel is disposed inside an iron core of the electromagnet, a length direction of the overflow channel is the same as a moving direction of the iron core of the electromagnet, and the overflow channel axially penetrates through the iron core of the electromagnet;

an overflowing gap is formed between the outer wall of the locking rod and the barrel, and the overflowing gap is communicated with the overflowing channel.

In yet another implementation of the present disclosure, the width of the flow passage gap is not greater than the inner diameter of the flow passage.

In yet another implementation of the present disclosure, an inner diameter of the flow passage is no more than 10% of an outer diameter of a core of the electromagnet.

In still another implementation manner of the present disclosure, one side of the cylinder connected to the elastic member has an overflowing hole communicating the inside and the outside of the cylinder.

In yet another implementation of the present disclosure, the central axis of the flow aperture is coaxially arranged with the central axis of the flow passage.

In another implementation manner of the present disclosure, the locking driving element further includes a limiting element, the limiting element is located inside the cylinder and is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder, the outer wall of the locking rod has a protrusion, and the limiting element is used to cooperate with the protrusion to limit the maximum displacement of the locking rod in the direction extending out of the cylinder.

In yet another implementation of the present disclosure, the locking member is a spherical structural member, the first end of the locking rod is a tapered structure, and a small end of the taper of the locking rod faces the locking member;

the conical surface of the locking rod is used for abutting against the spherical surface of the locking piece.

In still another implementation manner of the present disclosure, a transmission is further provided, which includes a casing, a planetary gear set and the parking device described above;

the parking device is positioned in the box body and is connected with the box body;

the planetary gear set is located inside the box body and connected with the box body, and the planetary gear set is in transmission connection with a parking executing mechanism of the parking device.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the disclosure has the following beneficial effects:

when the parking device provided by the embodiment of the disclosure is used in a gearbox, the parking device comprises a parking actuating mechanism, a driving mechanism and a gear shifting mechanism, the first end of a parking rod is connected with the telescopic end of a telescopic driver, and the second end of the parking rod is connected with the parking actuating mechanism, so that the parking rod can move towards the parking actuating mechanism under the driving of the telescopic driver to realize locking, and can move towards the telescopic driver under the action of the parking actuating mechanism to realize unlocking.

Since the locking member is disposed in the middle of the parking rod and the locking rod is movably disposed on one side of the parking rod, when the parking rod is moved, the locking member moves together with the parking rod to switch between the first position and the second position. And the second end of the locking rod is used for abutting against the locking piece to enable the locking piece to be located at the first position or the second position, so that when the automobile needs to be unlocked or locked, the locking rod can be moved by controlling the locking driving piece so that the locking piece can be rapidly switched from the first position to the second position or from the second position to the first position, and after the locking piece is switched, the locking rod moves towards the locking piece under the driving of the locking driving piece again and abuts against the locking piece to enable the locking piece to be kept at the position, and therefore the stability of the gearbox is improved.

That is to say, the parking device that this disclosed embodiment provided can improve the action stability of this parking device's locking and unblock through increasing gearshift, avoids the parking device to appear the mistake and influence the security of riding.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a parking device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a parking actuator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 3 is a left side view of a partial structure of a core provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 4 is a side view of a cartridge provided by embodiments of the present disclosure.

The symbols in the drawings represent the following meanings:

1. a parking actuator; 11. a parking ratchet wheel; 12. a parking pawl; 13. a torsion spring;

2. a drive mechanism; 21. a telescopic driver; 211. a cylinder body; 212. a piston; 22. a parking rod; 23. a locking member;

3. A gear shift mechanism; 31. a lock lever; 32. locking the driving piece; 321. a barrel; 3211. an overflowing hole; 322. a static magnet; 323. an electromagnet; 3230. a communicating hole; 3231. an overflow channel; 3232. an iron core; 3233. a solenoid; 33. an over-current gap; 324. an elastic member; 325. and a limiting member.

Detailed Description

To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure more apparent, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The disclosed embodiment provides a parking device, which comprises a parking actuating mechanism 1, a driving mechanism 2 and a gear shifting mechanism 3, as shown in fig. 1. Actuating mechanism 2 includes telescopic driver 21, parking pole 22 and locking piece 23, and the first end of parking pole 22 links to each other with telescopic driver 21's flexible end, and the second end of parking pole 22 links to each other with parking actuating mechanism 1, and locking piece 23 is connected with the middle part of parking pole 22.

The shift mechanism 3 includes a lock lever 31 and a lock driving member 32, and the lock driving member 32 is connected to a first end of the lock lever 31 to drive the lock lever 31 to move along its axis. The lock pole 31 is located on one side of the parking pole 22, and the moving direction of the lock pole 31 is perpendicular to the axis of the parking pole 22.

The lock member 23 is configured to be switched between a first position and a second position by driving of the telescopic actuator 21, when the lock member 23 is located at the first position, a second end of the lock rod 31 abuts against the lock member 23 so that the vehicle is kept in a locked state, when the lock member 23 is located at the second position, a first end of the lock rod 31 abuts against the lock member 23 so that the vehicle is kept in an unlocked state, and the first position and the second position are located on opposite sides of an axis of the lock rod 31, respectively.

In the present embodiment, the first position is the lock member 23 at the a position, and the second position is the lock member 23 at the B position (see fig. 1).

When the parking device provided by the embodiment of the disclosure is used in a gearbox, since the parking device comprises the parking actuating mechanism 1, the actuating mechanism 2 and the gear shifting mechanism 3, and the first end of the parking rod 22 is connected with the telescopic end of the telescopic actuator 21, and the second end of the parking rod 22 is connected with the parking actuating mechanism 1, the parking rod 22 can move towards the parking actuating mechanism 1 under the driving of the telescopic actuator 21 to realize locking, and can move towards the telescopic actuator 21 under the action of the parking actuating mechanism 1 to realize unlocking.

Since the parking rod 22 is provided with the lock member 23 at the center portion thereof and the lock lever 31 is movably located on one side of the parking rod 22, when the parking rod 22 is moved, the lock member 23 moves along with the parking rod 22 to switch between the first position and the second position. Since the second end of the locking rod 31 is used for abutting against the locking member 23 to enable the locking member 23 to be located at the first position or the second position, when the automobile needs to be unlocked or locked, the locking rod 31 can be moved by controlling the locking driving member 32 so that the locking member 23 can be quickly switched from the first position to the second position or from the second position to the first position, and after the locking member 23 is switched, the locking rod 31 is moved towards the locking member 23 under the driving of the locking driving member 32 again to abut against the locking member 23, so that the locking member 23 is continuously kept at the position, and the stability of the transmission is improved.

That is to say, the parking device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can improve the locking and unlocking operation stability of the parking device by adding the shift mechanism 3, and avoid the driving safety being affected by the parking device failing.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a parking actuator provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, and in conjunction with fig. 2, optionally, the parking actuator 1 includes a parking ratchet wheel 11, a parking pawl 12, and a torsion spring 13.

The parking pawl 12 is drivingly connected to a second end of the parking lever 22 for rotation upon actuation of the parking lever 22 into engagement with an outer wall of the parking ratchet wheel 11. The torsion spring 13 is sleeved outside the rotating shaft of the parking pawl 12, and the torsion spring 13 is connected with the parking pawl 12, so that the parking pawl 12 returns to be far away from the parking ratchet wheel 11.

The parking pawl 12 is connected to the parking rod 22 via a transmission structure for converting a linear movement of the parking rod 22 into a rotational movement of the parking pawl 12. In this way, the parking pawl 12 can be driven to rotate by the parking rod 22, so that the parking pawl 12 can fall into the tooth groove of the parking ratchet wheel 11 to be meshed with the parking ratchet wheel 11, and finally, the locking of the gearbox is realized.

And the torsion spring 13 is sleeved outside the rotating shaft of the parking pawl 12 and is connected with the parking pawl 12, so that the parking pawl 12 can only be in the original position and cannot be meshed with the parking ratchet wheel 11 without being driven by the parking rod 22. When the parking pawl 12 is rotated by the parking lever 22, it can engage with the parking ratchet 11. When the external force is removed and the parking pawl 12 is not under the action of the parking rod 22, the parking pawl 12 can automatically return to be far away from the parking ratchet wheel 11 under the action of the torsion spring 13, so that the unlocking of the gearbox is realized, the parking pawl 12 is always in the original position, and the gearbox is ensured to be kept in the unlocking state.

The transmission is illustratively a worm gear mechanism, which translates linear movement of the parking rod 22 into rotational movement of the parking pawl 12. Of course, other structures between the parking rod 22 and the parking pawl 12 are also possible, such as a screw, a nut, etc.

Referring again to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the telescopic actuator 21 is a hydraulic drive cylinder, the telescopic actuator 21 includes a cylinder body 211 and a piston 212, the piston 212 is movably located in the cylinder body 211, and the piston 212 is connected to a first end of the parking rod 22.

The piston 212 is driven by hydraulic oil to move in the cylinder 211, which moves the parking rod 22 toward the parking actuator 1.

Of course, the telescopic actuator 21 may also have other configurations, such as a pneumatic cylinder or the like.

Alternatively, the locking member 23 is a spherical structural member, and the locking member 23 is coaxially inserted in the middle of the parking rod 22. The first end of the lock lever 31 is a tapered structure, and the tapered small end of the lock lever 31 faces the lock member 23. The tapered surface of the lock rod 31 is adapted to abut against the spherical surface of the lock member 23.

Because locking piece 23 is spherical structure, the first end of locking pole 31 is the toper structure, alright cooperate the butt with the sphere that locking piece 23 was gone on in the conical surface that makes locking pole 31 like this, so that locking piece 23 is located primary importance or second place, simultaneously when locking piece 23 is when removing, alright pass through the cooperation of conical surface and sphere, make locking pole 31 can be pushed away by locking piece 23 fast, locking piece 23 switches between primary importance and second fast, and then improve motor transmission's action sensitivity.

Referring again to fig. 1, the locking drive 32 optionally includes a barrel 321, a static magnet 322, an electromagnet 323, and a spring 324. The static magnet 322 is located in the barrel 321, and the static magnet 322 is embedded in the barrel 321.

An electromagnet 323 is positioned within the barrel 321, and a first end of an iron core of the electromagnet 323 is coupled to a second end of the lock lever 31. The elastic member 324 is located in the cylinder 321, a first end of the elastic member 324 is connected to a second end of the iron core of the electromagnet 323, and a second end of the elastic member 324 is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 321.

The cylinder 321 provides a mounting base for the static magnet 322, the electromagnet 323 and other structures. The electromagnet 323 is used for connecting with an external electrical signal to generate a magnetic field under the action of the external electrical signal. When the electromagnet 323 receives an electric signal, the electromagnet 323 has a magnetic field in the direction opposite to the static magnet 322 (the distribution of the magnetic poles of the electromagnet 323 is opposite to the distribution of the magnetic poles of the static magnet 322 in the axial direction of the lock rod 31), and at this time, the iron core of the electromagnet 323 can move toward the lock member 23 relative to the static magnet 322 by the action of the static magnet 322 and its own magnetic field force, and finally, the lock rod 31 is driven to move toward the lock member 23 along its own axis, so that the lock rod 31 can abut against the outer wall of the lock member 23.

Illustratively, the static magnet 322 is a ring-shaped permanent magnet, and the magnetic pole of the first end of the static magnet 322 is opposite to the magnetic pole of the second end. The first end of the static magnet 322 is the end of the static magnet 322 that faces the parking rod 22, and the second end of the static magnet 322 is the end of the static magnet 322 that is away from the parking rod 22.

The electromagnet 323 includes an iron core 3232 and a solenoid 3233. The solenoid 3233 is disposed outside the plunger 3232, and the solenoid 3233 is disposed on an outer wall of the second end of the plunger 3232. The coil of the solenoid 3233 is spirally arranged with a central axis of the iron core 3232 as an axis. Solenoid 3233 is spaced from static magnet 322. The solenoid 3233 is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 321.

The core 3232 is a bar-shaped structure, and the core 3232 is movably disposed in the barrel 321. A second end of the core 3232 protrudes from a second end of the static magnet 322 and is connected to a first end of the elastic member 324. A first end of the iron core 3232 is connected to a second end of the lock lever 31.

The static magnet 322 is provided with a ring-shaped permanent magnet, and the electromagnet 323 has a strip-shaped structure, so that the electromagnet 323 can generate a magnetic field in the direction opposite to the static magnet 322 in a state that the electromagnet 323 is electrified, and further, the electromagnet 323 can only receive the magnetic field force along the axial direction thereof, and the iron core 3232 can be ensured to move towards the static magnet 322 or away from the static magnet 322.

In this embodiment, the magnetic field intensity of the static magnet 322 is larger than the magnetic field intensity in the energized state of the electromagnet 323. This allows the iron core of electromagnet 323 to always extend beyond the first end of static magnet 322 regardless of whether electromagnet 323 is energized, thereby ensuring that lock rod 31 always abuts lock piece 23.

In actual use, when the automobile does not need to be switched between the non-P (unlocked state) and the P-range (locked state), the electromagnet 323 is not electrified, and the iron core 3232 of the electromagnet 323 pushes the locking rod 31 to move towards the locking piece 23 (in the left direction in fig. 1) under the magnetic force generated by the static magnet 322, so that the gearbox is kept in the unlocked or locked state.

When the vehicle needs to switch between the non-P and P gears, the electromagnet 323 is energized, the solenoid 3233 of the electromagnet 323 generates a magnetic force opposite to the static magnet 322, the resultant magnetic field force finally applied to the electromagnet 323 is in the same direction as the force generated by the static magnet 322, and the lock rod 31 is still moving toward the lock member 23 (only the force is greatly reduced compared with the force when the electromagnet is not energized). At this time, the parking rod 22 is moved up or down by the driving mechanism 2 or the parking actuator 1 (the driving mechanism 2 pushes the parking rod 22 to move up, and the parking actuator 1 pushes the parking rod 22 to move down). When the lock member 23 on the parking lever 22 moves from the first position to the second position or from the second position to the first position (over the lock lever 31), the lock lever 31 moves away from the lock member 23 under the urging of the lock member 23, and the transmission is changed from the unlocked state to the locked state or from the locked state to the unlocked state. Of course, after the gearbox is changed from the unlocked state to the locked state or from the locked state to the unlocked state, the electromagnet 323 is controlled to be powered off again, so that the gearbox is kept in the unlocked or locked state.

Illustratively, the iron core 3232 of the electromagnet 323 is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the cylinder 321, so that the iron core 3232 can move relative to the cylinder 321, and meanwhile, the gap between the iron core 3232 and the inner wall of the cylinder 321 is not too large, which affects the magnetic field force received by the iron core 3232 and further affects the use effect of the parking device.

Of course, the size of the gap between the core 3232 and the inner wall of the cylinder 321 can be increased as appropriate without affecting the magnetic force applied to the core 3232, so that the oil can also flow through the gap between the core 3232 and the inner wall of the cylinder 321.

With continued reference to fig. 1, the locking driving member 32 further includes a limiting member 325, and the limiting member 325 is located in the cylinder 321 and connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 321. The outer wall of the lock lever 31 has a protrusion, and the stopper 325 is adapted to cooperate with the protrusion to limit the maximum displacement of the lock lever 31 in the direction extending out of the cylinder 321.

When the locking rod 31 is moved outwards by magnetic field force generated by the internal static magnet 322, the limiting piece 325 is used for limiting the length of the locking rod 31 extending out of the cylinder 321, so that the locking piece 23 on the parking rod 22 can only contact with the inclined surface of the locking rod 31 when the gearbox is unlocked or locked, and the sensitivity of unlocking or locking action of the gearbox is improved. Since the parking device will jam as soon as the locking member 23 comes into contact with the non-inclined surface of the locking rod 31, the gearbox will not be able to perform the unlocking or locking action.

The limiting member 325 is an annular structural member, and the limiting member 325 is sleeved outside the locking rod 31. This can increase the contact area between the stopper 325 and the lock lever 31, and further improve the reliability of the stopper 325.

Fig. 3 is a left side view of a partial structure of the core provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, and with reference to fig. 3, optionally, a flow passage 3231 is provided inside the core 3232 of the electromagnet 323, a length direction of the flow passage 3231 is the same as a moving direction of the core 3232 of the electromagnet 323, and the flow passage 3231 axially penetrates through two ends of the core 3232 of the electromagnet 323.

A flow-passing gap 33 is formed between the outer wall of the locking rod 31 and the cylinder 321, and the flow-passing gap 33 is communicated with the flow-passing channel 3231.

When the gearbox needs to complete the unlocking or locking action, the locking member 23 on the parking lever 22 will pass over the locking lever 31, so that the locking lever 31 moves towards the inside of the cylinder 321. After the locking member 23 has passed over the locking rod 31, the locking rod 31 is moved again toward the locking member 23. Since the electromagnet 323 is not evacuated, the lock lever 31 is subjected to fluid resistance by the medium on both ends of the iron core 3232 when moving.

Because the iron core 3232 of the electromagnet 323 is internally provided with the overflowing channel 3231 and the overflowing gap 33 is arranged between the outer wall of the locking rod 31 and the cylinder 321, a medium (such as oil liquid) can enter the electromagnet 323 along the overflowing gap 33 and the overflowing channel 3231, so that the pressure on two sides of the electromagnet 323 is in a communicated state, and the influence of the medium on the moving speed of the electromagnet 323 is reduced.

In this embodiment, since the parking mechanism is located at the bottom of the case of the transmission, the parking mechanism may be soaked in the oil. Oil enters the interior of the electromagnet 323 along the transfer gap 33 and the transfer passage 3231. That is, the above-mentioned medium is oil.

Illustratively, the outer wall of the first end of the core 3232 has a plurality of communication holes 3230 arranged at regular intervals along its circumference, the communication holes 3230 serving to communicate the flow passage 3231 with the flow gap 33.

Optionally, the width of the flow gap 33 is no greater than the inner diameter of the flow channel 3231.

The width of the overflowing gap 33 is not larger than the inner diameter of the overflowing channel 3231, so that when the electromagnet 323 is soaked in oil inside the gearbox, the resistance of the oil to the electromagnet 323 and the locking rod 31 is reduced due to the fact that the resistance of the oil to the oil is not increased due to the reduction of the flow area when the oil flows.

Illustratively, the internal diameter of the flow passage 3231 may be increased to increase the response speed of the transmission in order to allow for a more smooth oil flow.

Through the inside aperture of overflowing passageway 3231 of increase electro-magnet 323, can be so that the circulation cross-section increase of fluid to reduce the oil consistency, reduce fluid to the influence of locking rod 31 velocity of motion, so that can further improve locking rod 31's velocity of motion, and then improve the switching speed of locking piece 23 between primary importance and second place, finally improve this parking device's response speed.

Illustratively, the material of the iron core 3232 of the electromagnet 323 is soft iron (the soft iron is iron with a carbon content of less than 0.06%), which can make the iron core 3232 easy to cut, facilitate machining of the flow passage 3231, and make the iron core of the electromagnet 323 easy to magnetize.

In addition, the aperture of the flow passage 3231 is not more than 10% of the maximum value of the outer diameter of the iron core 3232 of the electromagnet 323. When the optimized flow inner diameter of the flow passage 3231 is larger than the width of the flow gap 33, the aperture of the flow passage 3231 is continuously increased, and the response speed of the parking device cannot be obviously improved. Another reason is that the aperture of the flow passage 3231 is too large, which affects the magnetic force of the static magnet 322 on the iron core 3232, and eventually may cause the transmission not to maintain the P-range or non-P-range state.

Illustratively, the resilient member 324 is a compression spring.

The elastic member 324 is a telescopic spring, so that the movement stability of the electromagnet 323 can be improved, and further, the electromagnet 323 is prevented from colliding with the inside of the cylinder 321 due to rapid movement when being subjected to an external force, and the use safety of the parking device is prevented from being affected.

Fig. 4 is a side view of the cylinder provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, and in conjunction with fig. 4, one side of the cylinder 321 connected to the elastic member 324 is provided with an overflowing hole 3211, and the overflowing hole 3211 communicates the inside of the cylinder 321 with the outside of the cylinder 321.

The overflowing hole 3211 is formed in one side of the cylinder 321, and the inside and the outside of the cylinder 321 can be communicated through the overflowing hole 3211, so that the oil can be discharged from the overflowing passage 3231 through the overflowing hole 3211, and thus the flowing path of the oil can be changed, and the flowing resistance of the oil to the lock rod 31 can be reduced, the movement speed of the lock rod 31 can be increased, and the response speed of the electromagnet 323 can be increased.

With continued reference to fig. 1, optionally, the central axis of the overflow aperture 3211 is coaxially disposed with the central axis of the overflow channel 3231.

The central axis of the overflowing hole 3211 is coaxial with the central axis of the overflowing channel 3231, so that the flow resistance of oil to the locking rod 31 can be further reduced, the movement speed of the locking rod 31 can be increased, and the response speed of the electromagnet 323 can be increased.

Optionally, a filtering structure (not shown) is covered at the overflowing hole 3211 and connected to the cylinder 321. Illustratively, the filter structure includes a filter screen or the like.

The filtering structure is used for preventing metal particles in the gearbox from entering the electromagnet 323 and being adsorbed on the static magnet 322, so that the magnetic field force generated by the static magnet 322 is weakened, and the condition that the vehicle cannot keep a non-P-gear state or a P-gear state is avoided.

The following briefly introduces the operation of the parking device provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure:

When the vehicle needs to be unlocked, i.e. the gear of the gearbox needs to be changed from P gear to non-P gear. The cylinder 211 generates hydraulic pressure to push the piston 212 upward (upward and downward in fig. 1), and controls the electromagnet 323 to be energized, the electromagnet 323 generates magnetic field force opposite to the static magnet 322, and the resultant force of the magnetic field received by the iron core 3232 of the electromagnet 323 coincides with the force generated by the static magnet 322, and the lock rod 31 is kept outward. At this time, the cylinder 211 generates hydraulic pressure to push the piston 212 to move upwards, and simultaneously drives the parking rod 22 to move upwards, when the locking piece 23 passes over the locking rod 31, the locking rod 31 moves towards the inside of the electromagnet 323, so that the gearbox is changed from a locking state to an unlocking state. When the locking piece 23 passes over the upper part of the locking rod 31 from the lower part of the locking rod 31, namely the gearbox has finished the P-gear switching non-P-gear action, the D-gear (straight gear) driving can be normally carried out. When the lock bar 23 passes over the lock bar 31, the lock bar 31 moves inward by external force of the lock bar 23, and after the lock bar 23 passes over the lock bar 31, the lock bar 31 moves outward by magnetic force generated by the internal static magnet 322, so that the transmission case is kept in an unlocked state.

When a lock-up parking is required, i.e. the gear of the gearbox needs to be changed from non-P-range to P-range. The piston 212 is pushed downward by the spring force generated in the parking actuator 1. At the same time, the electromagnet 323 is controlled to be electrified, and when the locking piece 23 moves from the upper part of the locking rod 31 to the lower part of the locking rod 31 across the locking rod 31, namely, the gearbox has completed the non-P shift. When lock bar 23 passes lock bar 31, lock bar 31 is moved inward by external force of lock bar 23, and when lock bar 23 passes lock bar 31, lock bar 31 is moved outward by magnetic force generated by internal static magnet 322, so that the locked state of the transmission is maintained.

When the automobile does not need to be switched between the non-P unlocking state and the P gear locking state, the electromagnet 323 is not electrified at the moment, and the magnetic core body of the electromagnet 323 pushes the locking rod 31 to move outwards (in the left direction in fig. 1) under the magnetic field force generated by the static magnet 322, so that the gearbox is kept in the unlocking or locking state.

The gearbox comprises a box body and a parking device above the planetary gear set, wherein the parking device is positioned inside the box body and is connected with the box body. The planetary gear set is located inside the box body and connected with the box body, and the planetary gear set is in transmission connection with a parking executing mechanism of the parking device.

The above gearbox has the corresponding technical effects of the parking device, and the details are not repeated here.

The above description is meant to be illustrative of the principles of the present disclosure and not to be taken in a limiting sense, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that are within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure are intended to be included therein.

Claims (8)

1. A parking device is characterized by comprising a parking actuating mechanism (1), a driving mechanism (2) and a gear shifting mechanism (3);

the driving mechanism (2) comprises a telescopic driver (21), a parking rod (22) and a locking piece (23), wherein the first end of the parking rod (22) is connected with the telescopic end of the telescopic driver (21), the second end of the parking rod (22) is connected with the parking executing mechanism (1), and the locking piece (23) is connected with the middle part of the parking rod (22);

The gear shifting mechanism (3) comprises a locking rod (31) and a locking driving piece (32), the locking driving piece (32) is connected with a first end of the locking rod (31) to drive the locking rod (31) to move along the axis of the locking rod, the locking rod (31) is positioned on one side of the parking rod (22), the moving direction of the locking rod (31) is perpendicular to the axis of the parking rod (22), and the locking driving piece (32) comprises a cylinder (321), a static magnet (322), an electromagnet (323) and an elastic piece (324); the static magnet (322) is embedded in the cylinder (321); the electromagnet (323) is positioned in the cylinder body (321), and a first end of an iron core of the electromagnet (323) is connected with a second end of the locking rod (31); the elastic piece (324) is located in the barrel (321), the first end of the elastic piece (324) is connected with the second end of the iron core of the electromagnet (323), the second end of the elastic piece (324) is connected with the inner wall of the barrel (321), an overflowing channel (3231) is arranged inside the iron core of the electromagnet (323), the length direction of the overflowing channel (3231) is the same as the moving direction of the iron core of the electromagnet (323), and the overflowing channel (3231) axially penetrates through the iron core of the electromagnet (323); an overflowing gap (33) is formed between the outer wall of the locking rod (31) and the barrel (321), and the overflowing gap (33) is communicated with the overflowing channel (3231);

The locking piece (23) is configured to be switched between a first position and a second position under the driving of the telescopic driver (21), when the locking piece (23) is located at the first position, the second end of the locking rod (31) is abutted against the locking piece (23) so that the automobile is kept in a locking state, when the locking piece (23) is located at the second position, the first end of the locking rod (31) is abutted against the locking piece (23) so that the automobile is kept in an unlocking state, and the first position and the second position are respectively located at two opposite sides of the axis of the locking rod (31).

2. Parking device according to claim 1, characterized in that the width of the transfer gap (33) is not greater than the inner diameter of the transfer channel (3231).

3. Parking device according to claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the transfer channel (3231) does not exceed 10% of the outer diameter of the iron core of the electromagnet (323).

4. The parking device according to claim 1, wherein one side of the cylinder (321) connected to the elastic member (324) is provided with an overflowing hole (3211), and the overflowing hole (3211) communicates the inside and the outside of the cylinder (321).

5. The parking device according to claim 4, characterized in that the central axis of the overflow opening (3211) is arranged coaxially with the central axis of the overflow channel (3231).

6. The parking device according to claim 1, wherein the locking actuator (32) further comprises a stopper (325), the stopper (325) is located in the cylinder (321) and connected to an inner wall of the cylinder (321), an outer wall of the locking rod (31) has a protrusion, and the stopper (325) is configured to cooperate with the protrusion to limit a maximum displacement of the locking rod (31) in a direction extending out of the cylinder (321).

7. Parking device according to claim 1, wherein said locking member (23) is a spherical structure, said first end of said locking rod (31) is a conical structure, and the small end of said conical shape of said locking rod (31) faces said locking member (23);

the conical surface of the locking rod (31) is used for abutting against the spherical surface of the locking piece (23).

8. A transmission comprising a housing, a planetary gear set and a parking device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7;

the parking device is positioned in the box body and is connected with the box body;

the planetary gear set is located inside the box body and connected with the box body, and the planetary gear set is in transmission connection with a parking executing mechanism of the parking device.

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