CN113914475B - Friction pendulum type shock insulation layer and large span space assembly - Google Patents
Friction pendulum type shock insulation layer and large span space assembly Download PDFInfo
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- CN113914475B CN113914475B CN202111146642.9A CN202111146642A CN113914475B CN 113914475 B CN113914475 B CN 113914475B CN 202111146642 A CN202111146642 A CN 202111146642A CN 113914475 B CN113914475 B CN 113914475B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/342—Structures covering a large free area, whether open-sided or not, e.g. hangars, halls
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
- E04H9/023—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings and comprising rolling elements, e.g. balls, pins
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Abstract
The application provides a friction pendulum-type shock insulation layer and stride space subassembly greatly, stride the space subassembly greatly including striding spatial structure and friction pendulum-type shock insulation layer greatly. The friction pendulum type shock insulation layer comprises at least one friction pendulum support ring, and the friction pendulum support ring comprises a plurality of friction pendulum supports which are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction; the friction pendulum support comprises a cover plate, a sliding block and a sliding groove; the sliding groove is provided with a friction curved surface, and the sliding block is arranged on the friction curved surface in a sliding manner; the top end of the sliding block is hemispherical, and the bottom side of the cover plate is provided with a hemispherical groove matched with the hemispherical top end of the sliding block; the curvature radii of the friction curved surfaces of the friction pendulum supports are the same, and after the friction pendulum supports are arranged in a large-span space structure, the friction curved surfaces of the friction pendulum supports are positioned on the same revolution curved surface; the revolution surface is a revolution surface which is set to be a circular arc line and revolves around the central line of the large span space structure. The friction pendulum type shock insulation layer has the advantages of being good in shock insulation efficiency, high in slider resetting capacity, high in motion coordination and consistency of the plurality of friction pendulum supports and suitable for large-span space structures.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of shock insulation structures, in particular to a friction pendulum type shock insulation layer and a large-span space assembly.
Background
The space grid structure is one of the main forms of a large-span space structure, has rapidly developed in the last three decades, and is widely applied to large public facilities such as a comprehensive stadium, an exhibition hall, a terminal building and the like. Meanwhile, the space grid frame is also used as a landmark building of a city and a region, a material collecting and distributing place after disaster and a disaster refuge place.
Because the part of China is at the position where the earthquake is more frequent, the seismic isolation technology is considered to be introduced into the building structure. Vibration damage to the structure can be reduced by adopting a vibration isolation technology, and transmission of vibration energy to the upper structure is reduced by the aid of a vibration isolation device arranged between layers or on a foundation.
At present, the building structure is isolated by adopting traditional isolation bearings such as a natural rubber bearing and a friction pendulum bearing, but the traditional isolation bearings are limited by self size parameters and the like, so that the isolation effect of a large-span space structure with the characteristics of large span, long self-vibration period and the like is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a friction pendulum-type shock insulation layer to solve the limited technical problem of traditional shock insulation support to striding spatial structure's shock insulation effect greatly that exists among the prior art.
In order to solve the above problem, the embodiment of the present application provides a technical solution that:
in a first direction, the application provides a friction pendulum type shock insulation layer for shock insulation of a large-span space structure, wherein the friction pendulum type shock insulation layer comprises at least one friction pendulum support ring, and the friction pendulum support ring comprises a plurality of friction pendulum supports distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction;
the friction pendulum support comprises a cover plate, a sliding block and a sliding groove; the sliding groove is provided with a friction curved surface, and the sliding block is arranged on the friction curved surface of the sliding groove in a sliding manner; the top end of the sliding block is hemispherical, and a hemispherical groove matched with the hemispherical top end of the sliding block is formed in the center of the bottom side of the cover plate;
the curvature radii of the friction curved surfaces of all the friction pendulum supports of the friction pendulum type shock insulation layer are the same, and after the friction pendulum type shock insulation layer is installed in the large span space structure, the friction curved surfaces of all the friction pendulum supports of the friction pendulum type shock insulation layer are located on the same revolution curved surface; the revolution surface is a revolution surface with a circular arc line revolving around the central line of the large span space structure.
According to the friction pendulum type shock insulation layer provided by the embodiment of the application, after the friction curved surfaces of all friction pendulum supports of the friction pendulum type shock insulation layer are positioned on the same revolution curved surface, the friction pendulum supports are correspondingly placed at the higher positions of the revolution curved surface as far as possible, so that the curvature radius of the whole revolution curved surface is larger, the effect of reducing the horizontal equivalent rigidity of the friction pendulum supports can be achieved by setting larger curvature radius, and the problem that the resetting capability of a sliding block is reduced due to the fact that the curvature radius is too large is solved. Meanwhile, the curvature radius of the friction curved surface is set to be larger, so that when the sliding block slides on the friction curved surface of the sliding groove for the same displacement during earthquake action, the lifting amount of the sliding block, the cover plate and the upper structure of the sliding block in the vertical direction is far smaller than that of a traditional friction pendulum support, and the comfort level of a large-span space structure is greatly improved. In addition, as the friction curved surfaces of all the friction pendulum supports of the friction pendulum type shock insulation layer are positioned on the same revolution curved surface, the motion coordination and consistency of the friction pendulum type shock insulation layer are higher, and the shock insulation layer is more suitable for a large-span space structure.
In one possible design, the radius of curvature of the friction curved surface of the friction pendulum support is set to be 3-5 times the radius of curvature of the maximum span of the large span spatial structure.
In one possible design, the slider includes:
a support block;
the protective layer is coated outside the supporting block;
the upper friction sliding pad is embedded on the upper side of the protective layer and is used for being matched and abutted with the hemispherical groove of the cover plate;
and the lower friction sliding pad is embedded at the lower side of the protective layer and is used for being in sliding butt joint with the friction curved surface.
In one possible design, the lower friction sliding pad includes a first friction plate, a second friction plate and a third friction plate, and friction coefficients of the third friction plate, the second friction plate and the first friction plate are sequentially reduced;
when the friction curved surface is abutted, the heights of the positions of the first friction plate, the second friction plate and the third friction plate are sequentially reduced.
In a possible design, the upper friction sliding pad includes a fourth friction plate and a fifth friction plate, the fourth friction plate is used for being abutted against the central area of the hemispherical groove, the fifth friction plate is used for being abutted against the periphery of the central area of the hemispherical groove, and the friction coefficient of the fourth friction plate is greater than that of the fifth friction plate.
In one possible design, the friction pendulum support further comprises a top plate and a bottom plate, the cover plate is fixedly mounted on the top plate, the chute is fixedly mounted on the bottom plate, and the top plate and the bottom plate are parallel and spaced;
two ends of the top plate and two ends of the bottom plate are respectively connected with an elastic component; the installed elastic component is in a pre-tensioned state, one end of the elastic component can slide in the top plate along a first horizontal plane, and the other end of the elastic component can slide in the bottom plate along a second horizontal plane.
In a possible design, the elastic assembly includes an elastic member, a sleeve, a first sliding member and a second sliding member, two ends of the elastic member are respectively connected with the first sliding member and the second sliding member, and the sleeve is sleeved outside the elastic member to protect the elastic member; the first sliding part can slide in the top plate along the first horizontal plane, the second sliding part can slide in the bottom plate along the second horizontal plane, and the installed elastic part is in a pre-tensioned state.
In one possible design, the top plate has a first rail; the first rail comprises a first slide way, a second slide way and a third slide way, the first slide way is vertically crossed and communicated with the second slide way, and the third slide way is annular and is respectively communicated with two outer ends of the first slide way and two outer ends of the second slide way;
the bottom plate is provided with a second rail, the second rail comprises a fourth slide, a fifth slide and a sixth slide, the fourth slide is vertically crossed and communicated with the fifth slide, and the sixth slide is annular and is communicated with two outer ends of the fourth slide and two outer ends of the fifth slide respectively.
In one possible embodiment, the friction pendulum support further comprises:
first pier stud, first pier stud install in the top side of apron, first pier stud be used for with stride spatial structure greatly and be connected:
the second pier column is arranged at the bottom side of the sliding groove and used for being connected with the large-span space structure or used for being supported on a foundation surface.
In one possible embodiment, the top sides of the first abutments of the plurality of friction pendulum supports are flush;
the thickness of the first pier stud of the friction pendulum support corresponding to the lower position of the weft of the revolution surface is larger than the thickness of the first pier stud of the friction pendulum support corresponding to the higher position of the weft of the revolution surface.
In a possible design, the cover plates of every two adjacent friction pendulum supports are fixedly connected by a connecting beam.
In a second aspect, the application further provides a large-span space assembly, which comprises a large-span space structure and the friction pendulum type shock insulation layer;
the large-span space structure comprises a grid frame and a stand column, wherein the friction pendulum type shock insulation layer is arranged between the grid frame and the stand column, or the stand column is arranged between the grid frame and the friction pendulum type shock insulation layer.
According to the long-span space assembly provided by the embodiment of the application, through the arrangement of the friction pendulum type shock insulation layer, a better shock absorption effect can be achieved on a long-span space structure.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a large span space assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the friction pendulum seismic isolation layer provided in the embodiment of the present application installed at the bottom end of the grid frame;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the friction pendulum seismic isolation layer provided in the embodiment of the present application installed at the bottom end of a column;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a friction pendulum vibration-isolating layer with two friction pendulum support rings in a large span space assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the large span space assembly of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a friction pendulum seismic isolation layer provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the slider structure of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of the structure of the lower friction pad of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of the upper friction pad of FIG. 7;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of the elastomeric component of FIG. 6;
FIG. 11 is a side schematic view of the top plate of FIG. 6;
FIG. 12 is a schematic top view of the top plate of FIG. 6;
FIG. 13 is a schematic top view of the base plate of FIG. 6;
FIG. 14 is a side schematic view of the large span space assembly of FIG. 1 after sliding in the X direction;
FIG. 15 is a schematic top view of the top and bottom plates of FIG. 6 shown slid in the X direction;
FIG. 16 is a schematic side view of the friction pendulum support of FIG. 6 after sliding in the X direction;
FIG. 17 is a top view of the top and bottom plates of FIG. 6 shown slid in the X and Y directions;
fig. 18 is a schematic view of the connection of the first pier with the connecting beam in fig. 2.
Reference numerals: 100. a friction pendulum support; 110. a first pier stud; 111. a pier body; 112. a sleeve; 113. a connecting plate; 120. a top plate; 121. a first track; 1211. a first slideway; 1212. a second slideway; 1213. a third slideway; 130. a cover plate; 131. a hemispherical recess; 140. a slider; 141. a support block; 142. a protective layer; 143. an upper friction pad; 1431. a fourth friction plate; 1432. a fifth friction plate; 144. a lower friction pad; 1441. a first friction plate; 1442. a second friction plate; 1443. a third friction plate; 150. a chute; 151. rubbing the curved surface; 160. a base plate; 161. a second track; 1611. a fourth slideway; 1612. a fifth slideway; 1613. a sixth slideway; 170. a second pier stud; 180. an elastic component; 181. an elastic member; 182. a sleeve; 183. a first slider; 184. a second slider; 190. angle steel plates; 200. a large span spatial structure; 210. a grid frame; 220. a column; 300. and connecting the beams.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without making any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present application.
In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise. In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and encompass, for example, both fixed and removable connections or integral parts thereof; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be interconnected within two elements or in a relationship where two elements interact with each other unless otherwise specifically limited. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "above," and "over" a second feature may be directly on or obliquely above the second feature, or simply mean that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "inner," "outer," "upper," "bottom," "front," "back," and the like, when used in the orientation or positional relationship indicated in FIG. 1, are used solely for the purpose of facilitating a description of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be considered as limiting the present application.
It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present application, the same reference numerals are used to refer to the same components or parts, and for the same parts in the embodiments of the present application, only one of the components or parts may be used as an example to refer to the reference numeral, and it should be understood that, for other similar components or parts, the reference numerals are also used.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the embodiment of the present application first provides a large-span spatial assembly, which includes a large-span spatial structure 200 and a friction pendulum seismic isolation layer. The large-span spatial structure 200 includes a grid frame 210 and a column 220, and the bottom end of the grid frame 210 is circular. During installation, as shown in fig. 2, the friction pendulum vibration isolation layer can be installed between the grid frame 210 and the upright column 220, and the grid frame 210 is isolated through the friction pendulum vibration isolation layer; as shown in fig. 3, the upright column 220 may be installed between the grid frame 210 and the friction pendulum seismic isolation layer, and the whole large-span space structure 200 may be isolated by the friction pendulum seismic isolation layer.
The embodiment of the application further provides a friction pendulum type seismic isolation layer, which comprises at least one friction pendulum support ring, wherein the friction pendulum support ring comprises a plurality of friction pendulum supports 100 distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction. The friction pendulum vibration isolation layer may include a friction pendulum support ring, as shown in fig. 1, all the friction pendulum supports 100 are distributed in one ring and correspond to the position of the maximum span of the large span space structure 200; the friction pendulum type shock insulation layer can also comprise two friction pendulum support rings, and as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the two friction pendulum support rings are coaxially arranged; in other embodiments of the present application, when the span of the large-span spatial structure 200 is large, the friction pendulum vibration isolation layer may also include three or more friction pendulum support rings, and each friction pendulum support ring is coaxially disposed.
Meanwhile, in the same friction pendulum support ring, in order to enable the plurality of friction pendulum supports 100 to be evenly distributed along the circumferential direction to the large span space structure 200 along the shock insulation effect, the plurality of friction pendulum supports 100 are distributed along the circumferential direction at equal intervals.
Referring to fig. 6, the friction pendulum support 100 includes a cover plate 130, a sliding block 140, and a sliding groove 150. The top end of the sliding chute 150 is provided with a friction curved surface 151, and the sliding block 140 is arranged on the friction curved surface 151 of the sliding chute 150 in a sliding manner; the top end of the slider 140 has a hemispherical shape, and the center of the bottom side of the cover plate 130 has a hemispherical recess 131 matching the top end of the slider 140. When the sliding block is installed, the top end of the sliding block 140 is accommodated in the hemispherical groove 131, and the outer wall of the top end of the sliding block 140 is abutted with the inner wall of the hemispherical groove 131; after the earthquake acts, the sliding block 140 swings back and forth on the friction curved surface 151 in a pendulum manner so as to prolong the motion period of the large-span space structure 200, and the kinetic energy generated by the earthquake is consumed through the friction generated between the sliding block 140 and the friction curved surface 151, so that the effect of shock insulation is realized.
For a single friction pendulum support 100, as can be seen from the relational expression between the horizontal equivalent stiffness of the friction pendulum support 100 and the curvature radius, the larger the curvature radius is, the smaller the horizontal equivalent stiffness of the friction pendulum support 100 is, so that the natural frequency of the long-span spatial structure 200 can be effectively reduced, and the natural period of the long-span spatial structure 200 can be effectively prolonged.
In addition, for each friction pendulum support 100, the greater the height difference between the two ends of the friction curved surface 151, that is, the greater the lifting amount of the sliding block 140 in the vertical direction when the sliding block 140 has the same displacement, the higher the resetting capability of the sliding block 140 after the earthquake action is; the smaller the height of the two ends of the friction curved surface 151 is, that is, the smaller the lifting amount of the sliding block 140 in the vertical direction is when the sliding block 140 is displaced in the same direction, the poorer the resetting capability of the sliding block 140 after the earthquake occurs.
In the conventional friction pendulum support 100, if the curvature radius of the curved friction surface 151 of the sliding groove 150 is too small, the shock insulation effect of the friction pendulum support 100 is limited; if the radius of curvature of the friction curved surface 151 is made too large, the friction curved surface tends to be flat, resulting in poor restorability of the slider 140 after re-seismic action.
In order to solve the above problems, the present application is designed such that curvature radii of the friction curved surfaces 151 of all the friction pendulum supports 100 of the friction pendulum vibration-isolating layer are set to be the same, and after a plurality of friction pendulum supports 100 are installed in the large-span spatial structure 200, the friction curved surfaces 151 of all the friction pendulum supports 100 of the friction pendulum vibration-isolating layer are located on the same revolution surface, and the revolution surface is set to be a revolution surface in which an arc line revolves around the center line of the large-span spatial structure 200.
It should be noted that when a plane curve (a single curve, a curve plane or a revolving axis is not perpendicular) or a space curve (double curvature) revolves around a fixed straight line (an axis), a revolution plane is formed in space, all planes containing the axis are called meridian planes, and intersect with the revolution plane on a meridian line with the same shape, the revolution plane can also be regarded as formed by the meridian line rotating around the revolving axis, and when the meridian line rotates, a circle formed by each point on the meridian line is called a latitude line.
The revolution surface is a revolution surface, and any meridian of the revolution surface is a circular arc line with the same curvature. A curve S shown in fig. 2 is one of the meridians of the surface of revolution of the present application, and when the curvature radii of the meridians are consistent, the height difference between the two ends of the friction curved surface 151 of the friction pendulum support 100 disposed at the lowest point a of the meridian is small, which results in a weak restoring capability of the slider 140 thereon after the earthquake action, while the height difference between the two ends of the friction curved surface 151 of the friction pendulum support 100 disposed at the B, C which is higher than the meridian is large, which results in a strong restoring capability of the slider 140 thereon after the earthquake action.
Therefore, according to the application, the friction curved surfaces 151 of all the friction pendulum supports 100 of the friction pendulum type shock insulation layer are positioned on the same revolution curved surface, and then the friction pendulum supports 100 are correspondingly placed at the higher positions of the revolution curved surface as much as possible, so that the curvature radius of the whole revolution curved surface is larger, the effect of reducing the horizontal equivalent stiffness of the friction pendulum supports 100 can be achieved by setting larger curvature radius, and the problem that the resetting capability of the sliding block 140 is reduced due to the fact that the curvature radius is too large is solved. Meanwhile, since the curvature radius of the curved friction surface 151 is set to be large, when the slider 140 slides on the curved friction surface 151 of the sliding groove 150 for the same displacement during earthquake action, the lifting amount of the slider 140, the cover plate 130 and the upper structure thereof in the vertical direction is much smaller than that of the conventional friction pendulum support 100, so that the comfort level of the large-span spatial structure 200 is greatly improved. In addition, as the friction curved surfaces 151 of all the friction pendulum supports 100 of the friction pendulum type shock insulation layer are positioned on the same revolution curved surface, the motion coordination and consistency of the friction pendulum type shock insulation layer are higher, and the method is more suitable for a large-span space structure 200.
The curvature radius of the friction curved surface 151 of each friction pendulum support 100 is larger in the present application compared to the conventional friction pendulum support 100, the friction curved surface 151 of the friction pendulum support 100 has a first curvature radius, the maximum span of the large span space structure 200 has a second curvature radius, and the first curvature radius is set to be 3-5 times of the second curvature radius. When the first curvature radius of the friction curved surface 151 is too small, the shock insulation effect of the whole friction pendulum type shock insulation layer on the large-span space structure 200 is limited; and the first curvature radius of the friction curved surface 151 is too large, so that the friction curved surface 151 tends to be a plane, and the sliding block 140 cannot be reset after an earthquake. According to the application, the first curvature radius is set between 3-5 times of the second curvature radius, so that the first curvature radius of the friction curved surface 151 of the friction pendulum support 100 is large enough to achieve a shock insulation effect, meanwhile, the friction curved surface 151 cannot tend to a plane, and the sliding block 140 can reset after an earthquake.
Specifically, the first curvature radius may be set to be 3 times, 3.5 times, 4 times, 4.5 times, 5 times, and the like of the second curvature radius, and may be set according to actual requirements, and is not particularly limited herein.
Referring to fig. 2 and 4, the cover plates 130 of every two adjacent friction pendulum supports 100 are fixedly connected through the connecting beams 300, that is, all the friction pendulum supports 100 of the friction pendulum vibration isolation layer are fixedly connected through the connecting beams 300 to form a whole, the cover plates 130 and the sliding blocks 140 of all the friction pendulum supports 100 can move together after the earthquake action, and the sliding blocks 140 synchronously swing, so that the plurality of friction pendulum supports 100 have good motion consistency and good coordination, and are favorable for being applied to the large-span space structure 200, and the large-span space structure 200 integrally moves on the friction pendulum vibration isolation layer and has good coordination.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the slider 140 is stressed greatly during earthquake action, and the slider 140 is stressed to generate severe friction at the position where it contacts the hemispherical recess 131 and the curved friction surface 151. Therefore, the present application provides the slider 140 in a structure in which the slider 140 includes a supporting block 141, a protective layer 142, an upper friction pad 143, and a lower friction pad 144.
The supporting block 141 is a block structure made of a high-strength material, for example, the supporting block 141 is made of steel or steel alloy material, and the high-strength supporting block 141 is provided to ensure that the slider 140 is not deformed or damaged when being stressed. The protective layer 142 covers the supporting blocks 141, and the protective layer 142 can prevent the slider 140 from directly contacting the cover plate 130 and the friction curved surface 151, thereby preventing the supporting blocks 141 from being worn. The upper friction sliding pad 143 is embedded on the upper side of the protection layer 142, and the upper friction sliding pad 143 is used for matching and abutting with the hemispherical groove 131 of the cover plate 130, so that the friction resistance strength of the upper side of the sliding block 140 is improved; the lower friction pad 144 is embedded in the lower side of the protection layer 142, and the lower friction pad 144 is configured to slidably abut against the curved friction surface 151, thereby improving the friction resistance of the lower side of the slider 140.
The depth of the upper friction pad 143 embedded in the protection layer 142 is greater than half of the thickness of the upper friction pad 143, that is, the depth of the upper friction pad 143 embedded in the protection layer 142 is greater than the thickness of the upper friction pad 143 exposed out of the protection layer 142. Meanwhile, the thickness of the upper friction sliding pad 143 exposed out of the protection layer 142 is greater than 3mm, the depth of the upper friction sliding pad 143 embedded in the protection layer 142 is also greater than 3mm, and the whole upper friction sliding thickness is greater than 6mm, so that the thickness of the upper friction sliding pad 143 is large enough to ensure the friction resistance of the upper friction sliding pad 143, and the upper friction sliding pad 143 can be tightly embedded in the protection layer 142 without falling off from the protection layer 142 after being stressed. Similarly, the depth of the lower friction sliding pad 144 embedded in the protection layer 142 is greater than half of the thickness of the lower friction sliding pad 144, and the thickness of the lower friction sliding pad 144 exposed out of the protection layer 142 is greater than 3mm, so as to ensure the friction resistance of the lower friction sliding pad 144 and improve the firmness of the installation of the lower friction sliding pad 144 on the protection layer 142.
Specifically, referring to fig. 8, the lower friction sliding pad 144 includes a first friction plate 1441, a second friction plate 1442, and a third friction plate 1443, and the friction coefficients of the first friction plate 1441, the second friction plate 1442, and the third friction plate 1443 increase sequentially; when the friction curved surface 151 is abutted, the heights of the positions of the first friction plate 1441, the second friction plate 1442 and the third friction plate 1443 are sequentially reduced, that is, the first friction plate 1441, the second friction plate 1442 and the third friction plate 1443 are respectively abutted with the higher position, the middle position and the lower position of the friction curved surface 151. In the present application, since the friction curved surfaces 151 of all the friction pendulum supports 100 of the friction pendulum vibration isolation layer are located in the same rotation curved surface, so that the left and right heights of each friction curved surface 151 are different, when the slider 140 slides on the friction curved surface 151, the stresses at the high position, the middle position and the low position of the lower side of the slider 140 are sequentially reduced, in the present application, the lower friction sliding pad 144 is configured to be composed of the first friction plate 1441, the second friction plate 1442 and the third friction plate 1443, and the friction coefficients of the first friction plate 1441, the second friction plate 1442 and the third friction plate 1443 are sequentially increased, and the first friction plate 1441, the second friction plate 1442 and the third friction plate 1443 are respectively abutted against the higher position, the middle position and the lower position of the friction curved surface 151, so that when the slider 140 slides on the friction curved surface 151, the sliding energy of the slider 140 is mainly consumed by the friction between the third friction plate 1443 of the lower friction sliding pad 144 and the friction curved surface 151, and the friction pad 144 is mainly consumed by the friction force between the lower friction curved surface, and the friction pad 144 is greatly consumed by the friction surface, so that the friction force between the lower friction pad and the lower friction curved surface is greatly consumed by the friction pad 144.
As shown in fig. 8, the lower friction pad 144 is circular, and the first friction plate 1441, the second friction plate 1442, and the third friction plate 1443 are sequentially engaged with each other in one direction.
Referring to fig. 9, the upper friction sliding pad 143 includes a fourth friction plate 1431 and a fifth friction plate 1432, the fourth friction plate 1431 is configured to abut against a central area of the hemispherical recess 131, the fifth friction plate 1432 is configured to abut against a periphery of the central area of the hemispherical recess 131, and a friction coefficient of the fourth friction plate 1431 is greater than a friction coefficient of the fifth friction plate 1432. When the sliding block 140 swings in the hemispherical groove 131 of the cover plate 130, the stress on the peripheral part of the upper side of the sliding block 140 is larger than the stress on the central part, the upper friction sliding pad 143 is composed of the fourth friction plate 1431 and the fifth friction plate 1432, the friction coefficient of the fourth friction plate 1431 is larger than the friction coefficient of the fifth friction plate 1432, the fifth friction plate 1432 is abutted against the periphery of the hemispherical groove 131, the fourth friction plate 1431 is abutted against the central area of the hemispherical groove 131, so that when the sliding block 140 slides under the cover plate 130, the sliding energy of the sliding block 140 is mainly consumed by the friction between the fourth friction plate 1431 of the upper friction sliding pad 143 and the inner wall of the hemispherical groove 131, and the serious abrasion on the part where the upper friction sliding pad 143 is stressed is larger is prevented.
As shown in fig. 9, the upper friction pad 143 is circular, the fourth friction plate 1431 is circular, and the fifth friction plate 1432 is annular and surrounds the fourth friction plate 1431.
The large span space structure 200 is often subjected to an upward wind load, and the friction pendulum type shock insulation layer is easily subjected to tensile force. In addition, the span of the large-span space structure 200 is large, and the number of the friction pendulum supports 100 in the friction pendulum vibration isolation layer is large, so that the axial pressure transmitted to a single friction pendulum support 100 is small, the conventional friction pendulum support 100 may cause that the sliding block 140 and the friction curved surface 151 of the sliding groove 150 cannot be in full contact under the action of large vibration, and the energy consumption capacity provided by friction force is reduced. Meanwhile, the cover plate 130 greatly swings on the slider 140, which easily causes structural instability and, in case of serious conditions, causes structural collapse.
To this end, the present application adds a resilient member 180. Specifically, referring to fig. 6, the friction pendulum support 100 further includes a top plate 120 and a bottom plate 160, the cover plate 130 is fixedly mounted on the top plate 120, the sliding groove 150 is fixedly mounted on the bottom plate 160, the top plate 120 and the bottom plate 160 are parallel and spaced, and two ends of the top plate 120 and two ends of the bottom plate 160 are respectively connected with the elastic component 180; the mounted elastomeric member 180 is in a pre-tensioned state, with one end of the elastomeric member 180 being able to slide within the top plate 120 along a first horizontal plane and the other end of the elastomeric member 180 being able to slide within the bottom plate 160 along a second horizontal plane. In the present application, since the elastic component 180 is initially in the pre-tensioned state, it not only improves the pulling resistance of the friction pendulum support 100, but also enables the cover plate 130 and the sliding chute 150 to respectively press the sliding block 140 along the upper and lower sides, ensuring that the sliding block 140 is fully contacted with the friction curved surface 151 of the sliding chute 150, ensuring a stable positive pressure, i.e. ensuring stable friction energy consumption, and providing sufficient energy consumption capability for the upper large-span spatial structure 200. Meanwhile, when the cover plate 130 and the top plate 120 greatly swing on the slider 140, the elastic component 180 can not only provide tension for the top plate 120, but also horizontally slide on the top plate 120 and the bottom plate 160 through the elastic component 180 to adjust the horizontal displacement of the top plate 120, so that the swing state of the cover plate 130 and the top plate 120 generated when the slider 140 slides can be relieved, and the unfavorable additional bending moment is reduced. In addition, after an earthquake, the elastic component 180 in the pre-tensioned state can provide sufficient reset tension for the sliding block 140, so that the sliding block 140 can be reset as much as possible, and the residual displacement of the sliding block 140 is reduced.
Specifically, referring to fig. 10, the elastic assembly 180 includes an elastic member 181, a sleeve 182, a first sliding member 183, and a second sliding member 184. The elastic member 181 is a compression spring, two ends of the elastic member 181 are respectively connected to the first sliding member 183 and the second sliding member 184, and the sleeve 182 is sleeved outside the elastic member 181 to protect the elastic member 181 and prevent the elastic member 181 from being corroded due to exposure. The first slide 183 is slidable in the top plate 120 along a first horizontal plane and the second slide 184 is slidable in the bottom plate 160 along a second horizontal plane, the mounted elastic element 181 being in a pre-tensioned state. The elastic component 180 of the present application provides the pulling resistance of the friction pendulum support 100 and provides the sufficient restoring capability for the sliding block 140 through the pre-tensioned state of the elastic element 181; meanwhile, through the arrangement of the first sliding part 183 and the second sliding part 184, the two ends of the elastic component 180 can horizontally slide on the top plate 120 and the bottom plate 160 after being stressed, so that the horizontal position of the top plate 120 is adjusted, and the swing state of the top plate 120 and the change can be relieved.
Referring to fig. 6, 11, and 12, the top plate 120 has a first rail 121; the first rail 121 is formed at a position substantially in the middle of the top plate 120 along the vertical direction, the first rail 121 includes a first slide 1211, a second slide 1212 and a third slide 1213, the first slide 1211 is vertically crossed with the second slide 1212, and the first slide 1211 and the second slide 1212 have the same length; the third slide 1213 is annular, and the third slide 1213 surrounds the peripheries of the first slide 1211 and the second slide 1212, and the third slide 1213 is respectively communicated with two outer ends of the first slide 1211 and two outer ends of the second slide 1212. When the first sliding element 183 is forced to slide in the first track 121, the first sliding element 183 can slide in a straight line in the first slide 1211 and the second slide 1212, and can also slide in a circumferential direction from the first slide 1211 to the third slide 1213, or slide in a circumferential direction from the second slide 1212 to the third slide 1213.
Referring to fig. 6 and 13, the bottom plate 160 has a second rail 161, the second rail 161 is formed at a position substantially in the middle of the top plate 120 along the vertical direction, the second rail 161 includes a fourth slideway 1611, a fifth slideway 1612 and a sixth slideway 1613, the fourth slideway 1611 is vertically crossed and communicated with the fifth slideway 1612, and the length of the fourth slideway 1611 is the same as that of the fifth slideway 1612; the sixth slideway 1613 is annular, the sixth slideway 1613 surrounds the fourth slideway 1611 and the fifth slideway 1612, and the sixth slideway 1613 is respectively communicated with two outer ends of the fourth slideway 1611 and two outer ends of the fifth slideway 1612. When the second sliding member 184 is forced to slide in the second rail 161, the second sliding member 184 can slide in a straight line in the fourth slideway 1611 and the fifth slideway 1612, and can also slide in a circumferential direction from the fourth slideway 1611 to the sixth slideway 1613, or slide in a circumferential direction from the fifth slideway 1612 to the sixth slideway 1613.
In the present application, please refer to fig. 14 to 16, when the large-span spatial structure 200 is mainly subjected to a horizontal X-direction seismic component, the sliding block 140 on each friction pendulum support 100 of the friction pendulum type seismic isolation layer moves towards the X direction, and each friction pendulum support 100 is connected through the connection beam 300, so that each friction pendulum support 100 in the friction pendulum type seismic isolation layer can move in coordination, the whole upper large-span spatial structure 200 is a pendulum type pendulum sliding plate along a revolution curved surface, and meanwhile, the curvature radius of the revolution curved surface is large, so that the whole vertical lifting amount of the large-span spatial structure 200 is reduced. Meanwhile, when the sliding blocks 140 on the friction pendulum support 100 all move in the X direction, the sliding blocks 140 drive the cover plate 130 and the top plate 120 to slide in the X direction relative to the sliding groove 150 and the bottom plate 160, at this time, the first sliding member 183 moves along the first sliding way 1211, and meanwhile, since the elastic member 181 is almost kept in a vertical state during the movement process, and the elastic member 181 is in a pre-tensioned state, the elastic member can be stretched well, so that the normal operation of the friction pendulum support 100 is not affected.
Referring to fig. 17, when the large span spatial structure 200 receives earthquake components in the horizontal X direction and the horizontal Y direction as main components, the sliding blocks 140 on the friction pendulum support 100 all move along the direction forming an angle of 45 degrees with the X direction, and the sliding blocks 140 drive the cover plate 130 and the top plate 120 to move along the direction forming an angle of 45 degrees with the X direction relative to the sliding chute 150 and the bottom plate 160, at this time, the first sliding member 183 first moves to the outer end along the first sliding track 1211 and then slides along the third sliding track 1213 along the circumferential direction, and meanwhile, since the elastic member 181 is almost kept in the vertical state during the movement process, and the elastic member 181 is in the pre-tensioned state, it is able to have better expansion and contraction, so that the normal operation of the friction pendulum support 100 is not affected.
After the earthquake, under the action of the self-weight of the sliding block 140 and the restoring force generated by the pretensioning action of the elastic component 180, the friction pendulum support 100 can be automatically reset, and the residual displacement of the upper large-span space structure 200 is reduced.
Further, in order to ensure that the first slider 183 can smoothly slide on the top plate 120, a lubricant is coated in the first rail 121. Meanwhile, in order to ensure that the second sliding member 184 can slide smoothly on the base plate 160, a lubricant is also applied to the second rail 161.
Referring to fig. 6, the friction pendulum support 100 further includes a first abutment 110 and a second abutment 170. The first pier 110 is installed at the top end of the cover plate 130 and is used for being connected with the large span space structure 200, and the two adjacent friction pendulum supports 100 specifically form a connection between the cover plate 130 and the connecting beam 300 through the first pier 110. The second pier 170 is installed at the bottom end of the sliding groove 150 (specifically, installed at the sliding groove 150 through the bottom plate 160) and is used for connecting with the large span space structure 200 or for supporting on a foundation surface. When the friction pendulum type vibration isolation layer is arranged between the grid frame 210 and the upright column 220 of the large-span space structure 200, the first pier column 110 is connected with the bottom end of the grid frame 210, and the second pier column 170 is used for being arranged at the top end of the upright column 220; when the friction pendulum type vibration isolation layer is installed at the bottom end of the upright column 220 of the large-span spatial structure 200 and supported on the base surface, the first installation frame is connected with the bottom end of the upright column 220 of the large-span spatial structure 200, and the second pier 170 is supported on the base surface. The friction pendulum support 100 is mounted on the large-span space structure 200 by the arrangement of the first pier stud 110 and the second pier stud 170.
The first pier 110 and the second pier 170 are regular block structures.
Referring to fig. 18, the first pier stud 110 includes a pier body 111, a sleeve 112 and a connecting plate 113, the pier body 111 is in a block shape, the sleeve 112 is made of steel, the sleeve 112 has a bottom opening, the sleeve 112 is sleeved outside the pier body 111, the connecting plate 113 is fixed on the top plate 120 by bolts, the sleeve 112 is reversely buckled on the connecting plate 113 and is welded with the connecting plate 113, and the connecting plate 113 is connected with a first fixing rod pre-embedded in the pier body 111. Two adjacent friction pendulum supports 100 are welded to the end of the connecting beam 300 by means of sleeves 112. The side face of the sleeve 112 is welded with one side of the angle steel plate 190, the other side of the angle steel plate 190 is welded and bolted with the connecting beam 300, and the connecting strength between the first pier stud 110 and the connecting beam 300 is improved through the angle steel plate 190.
The bottom plate 160 is installed on the second pier stud 170, the bottom plate 160 is connected with a second fixing rod pre-embedded in the second pier stud 170, and the bottom plate 160 is fixedly connected with the sliding groove 150 through a bolt.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, when the span of the large-span spatial structure 200 is large, a plurality of friction pendulum support rings need to be installed under the large-span spatial structure 200, that is, more friction pendulum supports 100 need to be arranged on the same meridian, and then in order to make the friction curved surfaces 151 of all the friction pendulum supports 100 located in the same rotation curved surface, the heights of the first pier 110 and the second pier 170 need to be changed.
Specifically, in order to ensure that the bottom ends of the grid frames 210 of the large span spatial structure 200 are flush, the top end surfaces of the first piers 110 of the plurality of friction pendulum supports 100 need to be flush, then the thickness of the first pier 110 of the friction pendulum support 100 corresponding to the lower position of the latitude line of the revolution curved surface is set to be greater than the thickness of the first pier 110 of the friction pendulum support 100 corresponding to the higher position of the latitude line of the revolution curved surface, that is, the top plate 120, the sliding block 140, the sliding groove 150 and the bottom plate 160 corresponding to the lower position of the revolution curved surface are integrally moved down, so as to ensure that the friction curved surfaces 151 of the plurality of friction pendulum supports 100 are in the same revolution curved surface, and meanwhile, since the first pier 110 and the second pier 170 are both block-shaped structures, the thickness of the first pier 110 is conveniently adjusted. It is understood that in other embodiments of the present application, the thicknesses of the cover plates 130 of different friction pendulum supports 100 may also be adjusted to achieve the purpose that the friction curved surfaces 151 of multiple friction pendulum supports 100 are in the same plane of revolution; in addition, the thicknesses of the top plates 120 of the friction pendulum supports 100, which will be described later, may also be adjusted to achieve the purpose that the curved friction surfaces 151 of multiple friction pendulum supports 100 are within the same curvature of revolution.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (11)
1. A friction pendulum type shock insulation layer is used for shock insulation of a large-span space structure and is characterized by comprising at least one friction pendulum support ring, wherein the friction pendulum support ring comprises a plurality of friction pendulum supports which are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction;
the friction pendulum support comprises a cover plate, a sliding block and a sliding groove; the sliding groove is provided with a friction curved surface, and the sliding block is arranged on the friction curved surface of the sliding groove in a sliding manner; the top end of the sliding block is hemispherical, and a hemispherical groove matched with the hemispherical top end of the sliding block is formed in the center of the bottom side of the cover plate;
the friction pendulum support also comprises a top plate and a bottom plate, the top plate and the bottom plate are parallel and arranged at intervals, and two ends of the top plate and two ends of the bottom plate are respectively connected with an elastic component;
the elastic assembly comprises an elastic piece, a sleeve, a first sliding piece and a second sliding piece, two ends of the elastic piece are respectively connected with the first sliding piece and the second sliding piece, and the sleeve is sleeved outside the elastic piece to protect the elastic piece; the first sliding piece can slide in the top plate along a first horizontal plane, the second sliding piece can slide in the bottom plate along a second horizontal plane, and the installed elastic piece is in a pre-tensioned state;
the curvature radii of the friction curved surfaces of all the friction pendulum supports of the friction pendulum type shock insulation layer are the same, and after the friction pendulum type shock insulation layer is installed in the large span space structure, the friction curved surfaces of all the friction pendulum supports of the friction pendulum type shock insulation layer are located on the same revolution curved surface; the revolution surface is a revolution surface which is set to be a circular arc line and revolves around the central line of the large span space structure.
2. The friction pendulum vibration-isolated layer of claim 1 wherein the radius of curvature of the curved friction surface of the friction pendulum mount is set to 3-5 times the radius of curvature of the maximum span of the large span spatial structure.
3. The friction pendulum vibration-isolating layer of claim 1, wherein the slider comprises:
a support block;
the protective layer is coated outside the supporting block;
the upper friction sliding pad is embedded on the upper side of the protective layer and is used for being matched and abutted with the hemispherical groove of the cover plate;
and the lower friction sliding pad is embedded at the lower side of the protective layer and is used for being in sliding butt joint with the friction curved surface.
4. The friction pendulum seismic isolation layer of claim 3, wherein said lower friction sliding pad comprises a first friction plate, a second friction plate, and a third friction plate, wherein the friction coefficients of said third friction plate, said second friction plate, and said first friction plate decrease in sequence;
when the friction curved surface is abutted, the heights of the positions of the first friction plate, the second friction plate and the third friction plate are sequentially reduced.
5. The friction pendulum vibration-isolating layer of claim 3, wherein said upper friction shoe comprises a fourth friction plate and a fifth friction plate, said fourth friction plate is configured to abut against a central area of said hemispherical recess, said fifth friction plate is configured to abut against a periphery of said central area of said hemispherical recess, and a coefficient of friction of said fourth friction plate is greater than a coefficient of friction of said fifth friction plate.
6. The friction pendulum seismic isolation layer of claim 1, wherein said cover plate is fixedly mounted to said top plate, said chute is fixedly mounted to said bottom plate, one end of said elastic member is capable of sliding within said top plate along said first horizontal plane, and the other end of said elastic member is capable of sliding within said bottom plate along said second horizontal plane.
7. The friction pendulum vibration-isolating layer of claim 1 wherein said top plate has a first rail; the first rail comprises a first slide way, a second slide way and a third slide way, the first slide way is vertically crossed and communicated with the second slide way, and the third slide way is annular and is respectively communicated with two outer ends of the first slide way and two outer ends of the second slide way;
the bottom plate is provided with a second rail, the second rail comprises a fourth slide, a fifth slide and a sixth slide, the fourth slide is vertically crossed and communicated with the fifth slide, and the sixth slide is annular and is communicated with two outer ends of the fourth slide and two outer ends of the fifth slide respectively.
8. The friction pendulum vibration-isolating layer of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein said friction pendulum support further comprises:
first pier stud, first pier stud install in the top side of apron, first pier stud be used for with stride spatial structure greatly and be connected:
the second pier column is arranged at the bottom side of the sliding groove and used for being connected with the large-span space structure or used for being supported on a foundation surface.
9. The friction pendulum vibration-isolating layer of claim 8, wherein the top side of the first pier of the plurality of friction pendulum supports is flush;
the thickness of the first pier stud of the friction pendulum support corresponding to the lower position of the weft of the revolution surface is larger than the thickness of the first pier stud of the friction pendulum support corresponding to the higher position of the weft of the revolution surface.
10. The friction pendulum vibration-isolating layer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the cover plates of every two adjacent friction pendulum supports are fixedly connected by a connecting beam.
11. A large span space assembly comprising a large span space structure and a friction pendulum seismic isolation layer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10;
the large-span space structure comprises a grid frame and an upright post, wherein the friction swing type shock insulation layer is arranged between the grid frame and the upright post, or the upright post is arranged between the grid frame and the friction swing type shock insulation layer.
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