CN113907924A - 一种可变弹性结构的椎间融合器 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种可变弹性结构的椎间融合器,包括:具有中空三维连通结构的融合器本体;液晶弹性膜,覆在所述融合器本体的表面;以及支撑框架,所述融合器本体嵌入在支撑框架内。可以依据获取的人体脊柱的实测弹性模量来控制液晶弹性膜的厚度,以控制椎间融合器形成的应用弹性模量与获取的人体脊柱的实测弹性模量相同,因此能够实现定制且具有不同弹性模量的融合器的增材制造,并省去了后续处理工艺。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及椎间融合器技术领域,具体为一种可变弹性结构的椎间融合器。
背景技术
1988年,Bagby提出使用空心、多孔、不锈钢椎间融合器治疗马脊髓型颈椎病。这种融合技术很快就被改装用于人类使用,并于1996年获得美国食品和药物管理局的批准,用于治疗某些脊柱疾病。自那以后,椎间融合器已经演变成一种非常成功的融合方法,与单纯植骨融合相比,它具有术后疼痛更少、住院时间更短、并发症更少、融合率更高的特点。
在过去的二十年里,椎间融合器的设计和材料发生了很大的变化。20世纪90年代中期的螺纹钛合金圆柱形螺纹笼,通常采用自体骨移植,取得了比骨移植和非螺纹椎间融合率更高的融合率。然而,很快就发现螺纹螺丝笼有很高的沉降率。从21世纪初开始,无螺纹形钛或peek椎间融合器的设计变得越来越普遍。然而融合器的沉降及不融合的问题依然是一大难题。
金属增材制造是一种新型的成形技术,涉及到光、机、电、材料、检测与控制等多学科的高技术,是传统制造方法不能完成的一种全新加工制造技术,是国家重点支持和推动的一项高技术。目前,国内外很多科研院所,如国内清华大学、华中科技大学以及美国MicroFab商业公司、加拿大多伦多大学等,对于金属增材制造技术的研究主要集中在成形机理、驱动方式选择和金属增材制造过程的热状态分析等方面,而对于用利用拓扑优化技术设计出可变弹性结构的椎间融合器后,进行增材制造成形零件应用于临床研究的较少。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提一种可变弹性结构的椎间融合器,以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种可变弹性结构的椎间融合器,包括:
具有中空三维连通结构的融合器本体;
液晶弹性膜,覆在所述融合器本体的表面;以及
支撑框架,所述融合器本体嵌入在支撑框架内。
进一步地,所述融合器本体的前后两个侧面具有由左右两侧向内形成的呈弧形结构。
进一步地,所述融合器本体内填充有实心支撑体,该支撑体的一端具有通孔,以及所述支撑体上设置有向上下两端延申的第一支撑柱和第二支撑柱,第一支撑柱和第二支撑柱与融合器本体上下表面持平。
进一步地,所述融合器本体左侧或者右侧中的其中一个具有一槽体,第一支撑柱设置在槽体内。
进一步地,所述融合器本体以PEEK或者钛合金或者PEEK和钛合金组合为基础原料、以可降解高分子材料和成骨活性粉体的混合物为辅助原料,采用3D打印成型。
进一步地,所述液晶弹性膜依据获取的人体脊柱的实测弹性模量来控制液晶弹性膜的厚度,以控制椎间融合器形成的应用弹性模量与获取的人体脊柱的实测弹性模量相同。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
本发明以可降解高分子材料和成骨活性粉体的混合物为辅助原料可实现具有良好生物相容性、能诱导骨长入。
可以依据获取的人体脊柱的实测弹性模量来控制液晶弹性膜的厚度,以控制椎间融合器形成的应用弹性模量与获取的人体脊柱的实测弹性模量相同,因此能够实现定制且具有不同弹性模量的融合器的增材制造,并省去了后续处理工艺。
该技术可以实现医用钛合金和PEEK增材制造,若采用医用钛合金,成形结束后,没有在此次成形过程中使用完的金属粉末材料可以回收并在下次成型中使用,如此便减小了成型材料的浪费,提高了材料利用率。
附图说明
图1、图2是本发明的不同方位的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明进行详细的描述,参照图1至图2。
本发明提供了一种可变弹性结构的椎间融合器,包括:
具有中空三维连通结构的融合器本体101;
液晶弹性膜,覆在所述融合器本体101的表面;以及
支撑框架100,所述融合器本体嵌入在支撑框架内。
所述液晶弹性膜依据获取的人体脊柱的实测弹性模量来控制液晶弹性膜的厚度,以控制椎间融合器形成的应用弹性模量与获取的人体脊柱的实测弹性模量相同。
上述中,液晶弹性膜采用具有交联聚合结构的聚氨酯或聚丙烯酸酯材料制成,交联聚合结构具有刚性,且同时在聚合链中具有各向异性介晶单元,该介晶单元具有一定的取向性顺序,可以保持移动,因此将本申请中的椎间融合器布设在脊椎后能够按照脊椎的运动形成具有压迫性方向的运动。
上述中,所述融合器本体的前后两个侧面具有由左右两侧向内形成的呈弧形结构。
上述中,所述融合器本体内填充有实心支撑体105,该支撑体105的一端具有通孔104,以及所述支撑体上设置有向上下两端延申的第一支撑柱103和第二支撑柱102,第一支撑柱103和第二支撑柱102与融合器本体上下表面持平。
上述中,所述融合器本体左侧或者右侧中的其中一个具有一槽体106,第一支撑柱设置在槽体内。
上述中,所述融合器本体以PEEK或者钛合金或者PEEK和钛合金组合为基础原料、以可降解高分子材料和成骨活性粉体的混合物为辅助原料,采用3D打印成型。
本发明从金属增材制造工艺方面考虑来实现不同孔隙结构成形零件的精度并且提高成形效率,该技术可以实现医用钛合金和PEEK增材制造,若采用医用钛合金,成形结束后,没有在此次成形过程中使用完的金属粉末材料可以回收并在下次成型中使用,如此便减小了成型材料的浪费,提高了材料利用率。同时以以可降解高分子材料和成骨活性粉体的混合物为辅助原料可实现具有良好生物相容性、能诱导骨长入。
根据CT获取椎间隙的数据,利用铺粉辊均匀地在成形缸的基板上铺上一层很薄的金属粉末,计算机控制激光束对当前层进行选择性激光熔化,熔化的金属粉末冷却固化后,加工平台降低一个单位高度,送粉平台上升一个单位高度,铺粉辊在加工好的片层之上重新铺好金属粉末,激光束开始扫描新一层,如此层层叠加,直至整个零件成形。通得到所需具有中空三维连通结构的融合器本体,液晶弹性膜,覆在所述融合器本体的表面;以及
支撑框架,所述融合器本体嵌入在支撑框架内。
所述液晶弹性膜依据获取的人体脊柱的实测弹性模量来控制液晶弹性膜的厚度,以控制椎间融合器形成的应用弹性模量与获取的人体脊柱的实测弹性模量相同。液晶弹性膜采用具有交联聚合结构的聚氨酯或聚丙烯酸酯材料制成,交联聚合结构具有刚性,且同时在聚合链中具有各向异性介晶单元,该介晶单元具有一定的取向性顺序,可以保持移动,因此将本申请中的椎间融合器布设在脊椎后能够按照脊椎的运动形成具有压迫性方向的运动。本申请依据获取的人体脊柱的实测弹性模量来控制液晶弹性膜的厚度,以控制椎间融合器形成的应用弹性模量与获取的人体脊柱的实测弹性模量相同,因此能够实现定制且具有不同弹性模量的融合器的增材制造,并省去了后续处理工艺。
本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述,以上实例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想。以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,由于文字表达的有限性,而客观上存在无限的具体结构,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进、润饰或变化,也可以将上述技术特征以适当的方式进行组合;这些改进润饰、变化或组合,或未经改进将发明的构思和技术方案直接应用于其它场合的,均应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (6)
1.一种可变弹性结构的椎间融合器,其特征在于,包括:
具有中空三维连通结构的融合器本体;
液晶弹性膜,覆在所述融合器本体的表面;以及
支撑框架,所述融合器本体嵌入在支撑框架内。
2.根据权利要求1所述的可变弹性结构的椎间融合器,其特征在于,所述融合器本体的前后两个侧面具有由左右两侧向内形成的呈弧形结构。
3.根据权利要求1所述的可变弹性结构的椎间融合器,其特征在于,所述融合器本体内填充有实心支撑体,该支撑体的一端具有通孔,以及所述支撑体上设置有向上下两端延申的第一支撑柱和第二支撑柱,第一支撑柱和第二支撑柱与融合器本体上下表面持平。
4.根据权利要求1所述的可变弹性结构的椎间融合器,其特征在于,所述融合器本体左侧或者右侧中的其中一个具有一槽体,第一支撑柱设置在槽体内。
5.根据权利要求1所述的可变弹性结构的椎间融合器,其特征在于,所述融合器本体以PEEK或者钛合金或者PEEK和钛合金组合为基础原料、以可降解高分子材料和成骨活性粉体的混合物为辅助原料,采用3D打印成型。
6.根据权利要求1所述的可变弹性结构的椎间融合器,其特征在于,所述液晶弹性膜依据获取的人体脊柱的实测弹性模量来控制液晶弹性膜的厚度,以控制椎间融合器形成的应用弹性模量与获取的人体脊柱的实测弹性模量相同。
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