CN113906949A - Cultivation method for controlling tips and increasing sugar of oranges - Google Patents
Cultivation method for controlling tips and increasing sugar of oranges Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000207199 Citrus Species 0.000 claims description 27
- 235000020971 citrus fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 25
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005089 fruit drop Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 240000000560 Citrus x paradisi Species 0.000 description 7
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229960002737 fructose Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000005979 Citrus limon Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000131522 Citrus pyriformis Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001672694 Citrus reticulata Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000555678 Citrus unshiu Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001093501 Rutaceae Species 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0262—Mulches, i.e. covering material not-pre-formed in mats or sheets
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method for controlling tips and increasing sugar of oranges, which comprises the following steps of land preparation: the method comprises the steps of ridging the land mass to form high ridges, installing a cylindrical root control container on the ridge surface, uniformly mixing soil, organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, putting the mixture into a root control device, putting nursery stocks into the root control device, continuously backfilling and compacting, performing conventional management on water and fertilizer in a sapling period and tree shapes, quickly expanding the crown, entering a fruiting period, covering a rain-proof cover on the root control device in a rainwater concentration period, properly opening the rain-proof cover to perform rainwater irrigation according to the growth condition of a tree body, covering an outer silver inner black reflective film on the ridge surface 40-60 days before harvesting, covering the reflective film at the position avoiding the root control device, properly opening the rain-proof cover to perform rainwater irrigation according to the growth condition of the tree body, enabling the soil moisture content to be 40% -50% and the like, and enabling the planting soil to move upwards through the use of a 'ridging + root control device' cultivation mode, enabling the soil moisture to be slightly influenced by rainfall, and providing conditions for water control; can effectively control the growth of summer shoots, reduce fruit drop and increase the sugar content of fruits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fruit and vegetable planting, in particular to a cultivation method for controlling tips and increasing sugar of oranges.
Background
Citrus (Citrus reticulata B l arco) is a plant of the Rutaceae, Citrus genus, and is a tropical, subtropical evergreen fruit tree. China is the first major citrus producing country in the world. In 2019, the planting area of the citrus is 3925.95 ten thousand mu; the yield is 4584.54 ten thousand tons, and the method is mainly planted in Guangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Guangdong, Sichuan, Jiangxi, Fujian, Chongqing, Zhejiang, Yunnan and other places. The flowering period of the citrus is generally 2-3 months, the second physiological fruit drop period is 4-5 months, the fruit mature period can extend from 7 months to the next 5 months, and the mature period difference among different varieties is large. According to the mature period of the citrus, the citrus is divided into early, middle and late mature varieties in production, wherein the early mature citrus variety generally refers to a variety mature and harvested in 10 months and mainly comprises the following components: the early-maturing citrus unshiu, the pomelos, the lemons, the ponkan, the local early hybrid citrus and the partial hybrid citrus and the like have the advantages of short fruit bearing period, low management cost, early marketing and high price, and the planting area of early-maturing varieties is expanded continuously in recent years, so that the yield is increased continuously.
Under the influence of seasonal climate, the season change of rainfall in China is a rule of much summer and autumn and little winter and spring, and the rainfall in 5-10 months accounts for more than 85% of the whole year in the main citrus producing area. In the summer early season of 5-6 months, when heavy rainfall is continuously carried out and high-temperature weather is outside, a tree can grow a large number of strong and spindly branches, a large amount of nutrients are consumed, so that the nutrients of fruits are insufficient, a large number of fruits drop, and the yield is influenced; in addition, early-maturing citrus is a key period for fruit sugar accumulation starting 60 days before harvesting (generally 8-10 months), and the fruit is excessively enlarged due to high soil moisture content, low in soluble sugar content and slow in color change, so that the time for the fruit to appear on the market is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
This section is for the purpose of summarizing some aspects of embodiments of the invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. In this section, as well as in the abstract and the title of the invention of this application, simplifications or omissions may be made to avoid obscuring the purpose of the section, the abstract and the title, and such simplifications or omissions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The present invention has been made in view of the above and/or other problems with existing citrus cultivation.
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a cultivation method for controlling tips and increasing sugar of oranges, which can reduce fruit drop rate, increase fruit sugar accumulation and reduce fruit peel thickness.
To solve the above technical problem, according to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a cultivation method for controlling tips and increasing sugar of oranges comprises the following steps:
s1, soil preparation: ridging the land, installing cylindrical root control containers on the ridge surface, wherein the diameter of each root control container is 0.6-0.8m, the height of each root control container is 0.4-0.5m, a chassis is not arranged, the bottom of each root control container is embedded in soil by 5-10cm, and the root control containers are spaced by 1.5-2 m;
s2, planting: uniformly mixing soil, organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, putting into a root controller, putting seedlings, continuously backfilling and compacting, wherein the height of the soil is 5-10cm lower than that of the root controller;
s3, management of sapling stage: performing conventional management on water, fertilizer and tree forms in the sapling period, and rapidly expanding the crown;
s4, water control and tip control: in the rainwater concentration period, covering a rain cover on the root control device, and properly opening the rain cover to irrigate rainwater according to the growth condition of the tree body;
s5, controlling water and increasing sugar: covering an outer silver inner black reflective film on the ridge surface 40-60 days before harvesting, covering the reflective film on the position avoiding the root control device, properly opening a rain cover to irrigate rainwater according to the growth condition of the tree body, and enabling the water content of the soil to be 40% -50%;
s6, fertilization management: applying 150g of balanced compound fertilizer to each root after picking fruits; applying 100g of balanced compound fertilizer and 50g of potassium sulfate to roots before 1 month flowers, spraying 0.3% monopotassium phosphate to leaf surfaces, spraying for 3 times once every 7 days; root application of 100g of balanced compound fertilizer and 30g of potassium sulfate in a fruit retention period of 4 months, and spraying medium and trace elements such as Ca, P and the like on leaf surfaces; in the fruit swelling period of 6 months, 100g of balanced compound fertilizer is applied to each plant root, the application is performed twice in the fruit swelling period, and medium and trace elements such as Ca, P and the like are sprayed on leaf surfaces; 100g of potassium sulfate is applied to roots 30 days before harvesting, 0.3% monopotassium phosphate is sprayed to leaf surfaces, and the potassium phosphate is sprayed for 3 times once every 7 days.
As a preferable scheme of the cultivation method for controlling tips and increasing sugar of oranges, in the step S1, the height of each ridge is 0.4-0.5m, the width of the bottom of each ridge is 1.5-2m, the width of the upper part of each ridge is 1.2-1.5m, and the distance between every two ridges is 1.5-2 m.
As a preferable scheme of the cultivation method for controlling tips and increasing sugar of citrus, the volume ratio of soil to organic fertilizer in step S2 is 7: 3.
As a preferable scheme of the cultivation method for controlling tip and increasing sugar of citrus, in the step S2, the content of the fertilizer is added by 200g of balanced compound fertilizer and 100g of calcium superphosphate required by each citrus plant.
As a preferable scheme of the cultivation method for controlling tips and increasing sugar of oranges, the cultivation method further comprises the following steps: and S7, performing conventional management on plant diseases and insect pests, tree forms and nutrition, and performing conventional management on water in other periods according to the phenological period of the citrus.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the lateral roots are mainly concentrated in the root control device, soil in the root control device is loose, good growth of the roots can be guaranteed, the lateral roots are developed, absorption of nutrients is facilitated, the main roots grow towards the underground along with growth of the tree body, stability of plants is guaranteed, and water can be absorbed from the underground in autumn, winter and spring drought seasons. In the rain season, the waterproof cloth is covered on the ridge surface and the rain cover is covered on the root control device to prevent rain water in other places from permeating into the root soil and artificially control the fertilizer water of the lemons cultivated on the ground in the open air. The water control treatment is carried out in summer with high temperature and high humidity, the overgrown branches are controlled, the phenomenon of fruit drop in summer is reduced, and the compact and dwarfed tree form is favorably cultured; in addition, the sugar degree of the fruit can be improved by controlling the water supply in the fruit quality period, and the sugar degree is higher and the quality is better than that of the fruit harvested at the same time.
2. Through the dwarf close planting cultivation mode of wide-row close planting, 110-year close planting 150 plants per mu are planted, the height of the plants is controlled within 2.5m, the crown width is controlled within 2m, the difficulty of farm work operations such as pesticide spraying, fertilizer application, pruning, fruit picking and the like is reduced, and the labor cost is reduced. By using the scheme of the invention, the cost of the root control device is 700 plus one year 1000 yuan/mu, the cost of the mulching film is 500 yuan/mu, the total investment of facilities is 1500 yuan/mu, and the cost of facilities for constructing the rain shelter for alternate season cultivation is 1-4 ten thousand yuan/mu.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed embodiments, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a cultivation method for controlling tips and increasing sugar of citrus;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a planting state of the citrus shoot-controlling and sugar-increasing cultivation method.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, wherein for convenience of illustration, the cross-sectional view of the device structure is not enlarged partially according to the general scale, and the drawings are only examples, which should not limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in the actual fabrication.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A cultivation method for controlling tips and increasing sugar content of citrus can reduce fruit drop rate, increase fruit sugar content accumulation and reduce fruit peel thickness.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-2, the cultivation method for controlling tips and increasing sugar of citrus comprises the following steps:
s1, soil preparation: ridging the plots to form high ridges with the height of 0.4m, the width of the bottom of each ridge being 1.6m, the width of the upper part of each ridge being 1.2m and the distance between the ridges being 1.5m, installing cylindrical root control containers on the surfaces of the ridges, wherein the diameter of each root control container is 0.6m, the height of each root control container is 0.4m, no chassis is placed, the bottom of each root control container is embedded in soil by 5-10cm, and the root control containers are separated by 2 m;
s2, planting: uniformly mixing soil, organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, loading the mixture into a root controller, placing nursery stock, continuously backfilling and compacting, wherein the soil height is 5-10cm lower than the root controller, the volume ratio of the soil to the organic fertilizer is 7:3, and the content of the chemical fertilizer is added according to 200g of balanced compound fertilizer and 100g of calcium superphosphate required by each planted citrus.
S3, management of sapling stage: performing conventional management on water, fertilizer and tree forms in the sapling period, and rapidly expanding the crown;
s4, water control and tip control: in the rainwater concentration period, covering a rain cover on the root control device, and properly opening the rain cover to irrigate rainwater according to the growth condition of the tree body;
s5, controlling water and increasing sugar: covering an outer silver inner black reflective film on the ridge surface 40-60 days before harvesting, covering the reflective film on the position avoiding the root control device, properly opening a rain cover to irrigate rainwater according to the growth condition of the tree body, and enabling the water content of the soil to be 40% -50%;
s6, fertilization management: applying 150g of balanced compound fertilizer to each root after picking fruits; applying 100g of balanced compound fertilizer and 50g of potassium sulfate to roots before 1 month flowers, spraying 0.3% monopotassium phosphate to leaf surfaces, spraying for 3 times once every 7 days; root application of 100g of balanced compound fertilizer and 30g of potassium sulfate in a fruit retention period of 4 months, and spraying medium and trace elements such as Ca, P and the like on leaf surfaces; in the fruit swelling period of 6 months, 100g of balanced compound fertilizer is applied to each plant root, the application is performed twice in the fruit swelling period, and medium and trace elements such as Ca, P and the like are sprayed on leaf surfaces; 100g of potassium sulfate is applied to roots 30 days before harvesting, 0.3% monopotassium phosphate is sprayed to leaf surfaces, and the potassium phosphate is sprayed for 3 times once every 7 days.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1-2, the cultivation method for controlling tips and increasing sugar of citrus comprises the following steps:
s1, soil preparation: ridging the land mass to form high ridges with the height of 0.5m, the width of the bottom of each ridge being 2m, the width of the upper part of each ridge being 1.5m, the distance between the ridges being 2m, installing cylindrical root control containers on the surfaces of the ridges, wherein the diameter of each root control container is 0.8m, the height of each root control container is 0.5m, a chassis is not placed, the bottom of each root control container is embedded in soil by 5-10cm, and the root control containers are separated by 1.5 m;
s2, planting: uniformly mixing soil, organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, loading the mixture into a root controller, placing nursery stock, continuously backfilling and compacting, wherein the soil height is 5-10cm lower than the root controller, the volume ratio of the soil to the organic fertilizer is 7:3, and the content of the chemical fertilizer is added according to 200g of balanced compound fertilizer and 100g of calcium superphosphate required by each planted citrus.
S3, management of sapling stage: performing conventional management on water, fertilizer and tree forms in the sapling period, and rapidly expanding the crown;
s4, water control and tip control: in the rainwater concentration period, covering a rain cover on the root control device, and properly opening the rain cover to irrigate rainwater according to the growth condition of the tree body;
s5, controlling water and increasing sugar: covering an outer silver inner black reflective film on the ridge surface 40-60 days before harvesting, covering the reflective film on the position avoiding the root control device, properly opening a rain cover to irrigate rainwater according to the growth condition of the tree body, and enabling the water content of the soil to be 40% -50%;
s6, fertilization management: applying 150g of balanced compound fertilizer to each root after picking fruits; applying 100g of balanced compound fertilizer and 50g of potassium sulfate to roots before 1 month flowers, spraying 0.3% monopotassium phosphate to leaf surfaces, spraying for 3 times once every 7 days; root application of 100g of balanced compound fertilizer and 30g of potassium sulfate in a fruit retention period of 4 months, and spraying medium and trace elements such as Ca, P and the like on leaf surfaces; in the fruit swelling period of 6 months, 100g of balanced compound fertilizer is applied to each plant root, the application is performed twice in the fruit swelling period, and medium and trace elements such as Ca, P and the like are sprayed on leaf surfaces; 100g of potassium sulfate is applied to roots 30 days before harvesting, 0.3% monopotassium phosphate is sprayed to leaf surfaces, and the potassium phosphate is sprayed for 3 times once every 7 days.
And S7, performing conventional management on plant diseases and insect pests, tree forms and nutrition, and performing conventional management on water in other periods according to the phenological period of the citrus.
To verify the effect of the invention, the above example 2 was used as an experimental group, conventional planting was used as a control group, a test material was a cocktail grapefruit, a field test was carried out in the flory city of delhi, tehong, yunnan, in 2018-2020, a cocktail grapefruit was planted in the 4 month year 2018, and a tree body entered the high-yield stage in 2020. The row spacing of the conventional planting (control) plants was 3m x 4m and 55 plants per mu; the tip control and sugar increase treatment is carried out by using the method of the invention for planting, the row spacing of plants is 1.5m x 3.5m, 127 plants are planted in each mu, a rain cover covers the root control device at the beginning of 6 months in 2020, and a reflective mulching film covers the ridge surface in 2 days in 9 months. Monitoring the fruit quality every 15 days 40-60 days before fruit picking, and counting the fruit bearing number of a single plant, the yield of the single plant and the yield per mu during fruit picking. The specific experimental results are as follows:
table 1 shows the fruit yield of grapefruit cocktail under different treatments
As shown in Table 1, after the technical scheme of tip control and sugar increase, the fruit bearing number of each individual plant, the yield of each individual plant and the yield per mu of the grapefruit cocktail are obviously lower than those of the conventional planting treatment, and are respectively reduced by 59.71%, 64.30% and 17.58%; but the sale price of the tip-controlling and sugar-increasing treatment is 1.63 times that of the conventional planting, so that the income per mu is obviously higher than that of the control group, and the income is increased by 34.93 percent compared with that of the conventional planting.
Table 2 shows the fruit quality of grapefruit tails under different treatments
As shown in Table 2, after the technical scheme of tip control and sugar increase is adopted, the weight and the skin thickness of the grapefruit fruits are obviously reduced, and when the fruits are harvested, the weight of a single fruit is reduced by 13.24% and the skin thickness is reduced by 24.07% compared with a control group; the edible rate, the juice yield and the soluble solid matters are higher than those of the control treatment within 40 days before harvesting, the fruit harvesting period reaches 83.89%, 58.52% and 9.13%, and the edible rate, the juice yield and the soluble solid matters are respectively increased by 12.31%, 20.98% and 24.56% compared with the control; the total acid content of the fruit did not differ significantly at each stage.
In conclusion, through the use of the cultivation mode of 'high ridge raising + root control device', the planting soil moves upwards, the influence of rainfall on the soil moisture is small, and conditions are provided for water control; the use of rising high ridge and accuse root ware realizes in summer accuse root accuse water, the on-foot of effective control tree body, weakening summer tip reduce the phenomenon of fruit fall, in the rainwater season, through cover waterproof cloth at the ridge surface and add rain-proof lid on accuse root ware to prevent the rainwater in other places to root soil infiltration, the artificial fertile water control that goes on to the oranges and tangerines of ground open-air cultivation. The water control treatment is carried out in summer with high temperature and high humidity, the overgrown branches are controlled, the phenomenon of fruit drop in summer is reduced, and the compact and dwarfed tree form is favorably cultured; in addition, the waterproof cloth and the rainproof cover are used, so that the supply of water can be manually controlled in a rainwater concentration season, and the sugar degree of the fruits is improved by controlling the water in the fruit quality forming period. Can improve the sugar degree of the fruits, and has higher sugar degree and better quality compared with the fruits harvested at the same time.
Through the dwarf close planting cultivation mode of wide-row close planting, 110-year close planting 150 plants per mu are planted, the height of the plants is controlled within 2.5m, the crown width is controlled within 2m, the difficulty of farm work operations such as pesticide spraying, fertilizer application, pruning, fruit picking and the like is reduced, and the labor cost is reduced. By using the scheme of the invention, the cost of the root control device is 700 plus one year 1000 yuan/mu, the cost of the mulching film is 500 yuan/mu, the total investment of facilities is 1500 yuan/mu, and the cost of facilities for constructing the rain shelter for alternate season cultivation is 1-4 ten thousand yuan/mu.
While the invention has been described above with reference to an embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the various features of the disclosed embodiments of the invention may be used in any combination, provided that no structural conflict exists, and the combinations are not exhaustively described in this specification merely for the sake of brevity and resource conservation. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A cultivation method for controlling tips and increasing sugar of oranges is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, soil preparation: ridging the land, installing cylindrical root control containers on the ridge surface, wherein the diameter of each root control container is 0.6-0.8m, the height of each root control container is 0.4-0.5m, a chassis is not arranged, the bottom of each root control container is embedded in soil by 5-10cm, and the root control containers are spaced by 1.5-2 m;
s2, planting: uniformly mixing soil, organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, putting into a root controller, putting seedlings, continuously backfilling and compacting, wherein the height of the soil is 5-10cm lower than that of the root controller;
s3, management of sapling stage: performing conventional management on water, fertilizer and tree forms in the sapling period, and rapidly expanding the crown;
s4, water control and tip control: in the rainwater concentration period, covering a rain cover on the root control device, and properly opening the rain cover to irrigate rainwater according to the growth condition of the tree body;
s5, controlling water and increasing sugar: covering an outer silver inner black reflective film on the ridge surface 40-60 days before harvesting, covering the reflective film on the position avoiding the root control device, properly opening a rain cover to irrigate rainwater according to the growth condition of the tree body, and enabling the water content of the soil to be 40% -50%;
s6, fertilization management: applying 150g of balanced compound fertilizer to each root after picking fruits; applying 100g of balanced compound fertilizer and 50g of potassium sulfate to roots before 1 month flowers, spraying 0.3% monopotassium phosphate to leaf surfaces, spraying for 3 times once every 7 days; root application of 100g of balanced compound fertilizer and 30g of potassium sulfate in a fruit retention period of 4 months, and spraying medium and trace elements such as Ca, P and the like on leaf surfaces; in the fruit swelling period of 6 months, 100g of balanced compound fertilizer is applied to each plant root, the application is performed twice in the fruit swelling period, and medium and trace elements such as Ca, P and the like are sprayed on leaf surfaces; 100g of potassium sulfate is applied to roots 30 days before harvesting, 0.3% monopotassium phosphate is sprayed to leaf surfaces, and the potassium phosphate is sprayed for 3 times once every 7 days.
2. The cultivation method for controlling tips and increasing sugar of oranges according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the ridges are 0.4-0.5m high, the ridges are 1.5-2m wide at the bottoms, 1.2-1.5m wide at the tops, and the ridges are 1.5-2m apart.
3. The cultivation method for controlling tips and increasing sugar of oranges according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the volume ratio of soil to organic fertilizer is 7: 3.
4. The cultivation method for controlling tips and increasing sugar of oranges according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the content of chemical fertilizer is added according to 200g of balanced compound fertilizer and 100g of calcium superphosphate required by each citrus plant.
5. The cultivation method for controlling tips and increasing sugar of oranges according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of: and S7, performing conventional management on plant diseases and insect pests, tree forms and nutrition, and performing conventional management on water in other periods according to the phenological period of the citrus.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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| CN116235734A (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2023-06-09 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Four-season honey longan deep-furrow high-furrow water-control planting method |
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| CN105557423A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-05-11 | 何环 | Citrus cultivation technology |
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| CN112205229A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2021-01-12 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Efficient cost-saving citrus cultivation method |
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| CN116235734A (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2023-06-09 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Four-season honey longan deep-furrow high-furrow water-control planting method |
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