CN113880640A - Water-soluble silicon fertilizer and preparation process and application thereof - Google Patents
Water-soluble silicon fertilizer and preparation process and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113880640A CN113880640A CN202111266771.1A CN202111266771A CN113880640A CN 113880640 A CN113880640 A CN 113880640A CN 202111266771 A CN202111266771 A CN 202111266771A CN 113880640 A CN113880640 A CN 113880640A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly discloses a water-soluble silicon fertilizer and a preparation process and application thereof, wherein the water-soluble silicon fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-120 parts of sodium silicate solution, 20-30 parts of humic acid, 10-15 parts of alcohol compound, 10-15 parts of amine compound, 15-35 parts of polypeptide amino acid, 3-7 parts of sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 10-20 parts of xylitol, 10-15 parts of polyphosphate, 6-10 parts of urea and 5-9 parts of water-retaining agent. After the water-soluble silicon fertilizer is applied to tomatoes and rice in fields, the tomatoes and the rice grow healthily and have higher yield, and the yield is increased by 15.74 percent and 16.12 percent respectively to the maximum.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of fertilizers, in particular to a water-soluble silicon fertilizer and a preparation process and application thereof.
Background
The water-soluble fertilizer refers to a compound fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, trace elements, amino acid, humic acid, alginic acid and the like, which can be completely dissolved in water. Compared with the traditional calcium superphosphate, granulated compound fertilizer and other varieties, the water-soluble fertilizer has obvious advantages. It is a quick-acting fertilizer, has good water solubility and no residue, can be completely dissolved in water, and can be directly absorbed and utilized by the root system and leaf surface of crops. Is widely applied to various crops such as vegetables, fruit trees, flowers, grains, cotton, oils and the like.
The water-soluble silicon fertilizer is a silicon fertilizer which is dissolved in water and can be directly absorbed by crops, the crops have high absorption utilization rate and small application amount, the water-soluble silicon fertilizer is generally used for foliage spraying, flushing application and drip irrigation, and can also be subjected to basal application and topdressing, and the specific application amount can be determined according to the silicon preference condition of the crop varieties, the silicon deficiency condition of local soil and the specific content of the silicon fertilizer.
In recent years, water glass is often used as a main raw material for water-soluble silicon fertilizers, which is prone to aging, difficult to be absorbed by crops and low in fertilizer efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to enable the water-soluble silicon fertilizer to be absorbed by crops more easily and improve the fertilizer efficiency of the water-soluble silicon fertilizer, the application provides the water-soluble silicon fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof.
In a first aspect, the application provides a water-soluble silicon fertilizer, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the water-soluble silicon fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-120 parts of sodium silicate solution, 20-30 parts of humic acid, 10-15 parts of alcohol compound, 10-15 parts of amine compound, 15-35 parts of polypeptide amino acid, 3-7 parts of sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 10-20 parts of xylitol, 10-15 parts of polyphosphate, 6-10 parts of urea and 5-9 parts of water-retaining agent.
By adopting the technical scheme, the sodium silicate solution contains a large amount of water-soluble silicon for crops to absorb, and the water-soluble silicon is decomposed into silicon dioxide on cell walls to be deposited after being absorbed by the crops to form a cutin-silicon double-layer structure, so that the stem leaf hardness of the crops can be improved, and the pressure resistance can be enhanced; the transpiration of the leaf surface is reduced, and the drought resistance is enhanced; the compactness of silicon cellulose of epidermal cells is improved, and the disease resistance is enhanced; the oxidizing capability of the root system is improved, and the nutrient absorption capability of the root system is enhanced; improve the fluidity of nutrients in crops and enhance the effective utilization of the nutrients. In addition, after the water-soluble silicon enters the soil, the water-soluble silicon can activate phosphorus in the soil and the phosphate fertilizer and promote the phosphorus to run in crops, thereby improving the utilization rate of the phosphate fertilizer.
The humic acid contains fulvic acid, algal polysaccharides, alginic acid, mannitol, betaine, polyphenols, marine microelements and other active substances, and has the effects of providing nutrition and increasing yield for crops. Humic acid also has the functions of fertilizer synergism, soil improvement, crop growth stimulation, agricultural product quality improvement and the like, and the effect of the matched application of sodium silicate and humic acid on the improvement of the concentration of soluble silicon in soil is more obvious. Not only obviously increases the soluble silicon in the soil, but also can prolong the fertilizer efficiency of the sodium silicate.
The alcohol compound and the amine compound have good hydrophilicity, functional groups in the alcohol and the amine are chelated with the silicate to prevent the silicate and other fertilizers from generating silicic acid colloid, and the compound B containing active groups such as amino, carboxyl, hydroxyl and the like is chelated with the compound A containing silicate radicals to obtain the stable chelated liquid silicon fertilizer.
The polypeptide amino acid is a compound connected by a peptide chain, is a chemical substance which has higher activity and is easier to absorb, is a nutrient substance required in the growth process of plants, and has unique promotion effect on the growth of the plants, particularly photosynthesis, thereby improving the fertilizer efficiency.
The sodium octaborate tetrahydrate contains more than 20.5 percent of pure boron, has better water solubility, better effect of supplementing boron element in crops and extremely less dosage, and can prevent the situation that the crops cannot absorb water-soluble silicon due to the root necrosis of the crops caused by boron deficiency.
Xylitol can be used as a carrier of nutrient elements such as boron and the like, mineral nutrients are carried in phloem of crops for rapid transportation, and meanwhile, xylitol has good wetting and penetrating effects, and water-soluble silicon chelated by the xylitol is more easily absorbed and utilized by the crops rapidly.
The polyphosphate can improve the release amount of water-soluble silicon in soil, has a slow improving speed, and has a long effect of improving the content of the water-soluble silicon. The water-retaining agent can absorb the water-soluble silicon and slowly release the water-soluble silicon, so that the fertilizer efficiency of the water-soluble silicon fertilizer is improved. The urea directly provides nitrogen fertilizer, and the nutrition balance is ensured.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the water-soluble silicon fertilizer also comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-12 parts of potassium chloride, 3-5 parts of citric acid monohydrate and 20-30 parts of gibberellic acid.
By adopting the technical scheme, the potassium element content in the potassium chloride is high, and the crops can strengthen the root system by absorbing the potassium element, promote the root system to absorb nutrition and absorb water-soluble silicon. The product is an alkaline fertilizer, so citric acid monohydrate is added to adjust the pH value of the whole water-soluble silicon fertilizer. Gibberellic acid has strong biological activity, can stimulate the growth and development of crops, improve enzyme activity, enhance the effects of disease resistance and stress resistance, and has certain effects on rooting and growth promotion, so that the content of water-soluble silicon absorbed by the crops is increased.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the weight ratio of the potassium chloride to the citric acid monohydrate is 1: (1-3).
By adopting the technical scheme, the proportion of the potassium chloride to the citric acid monohydrate in parts by weight has great influence on the pH value of the water-soluble silicon fertilizer, so that the absorption of crops on the water-soluble silicon in the water-soluble silicon fertilizer is influenced.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the weight ratio of the humic acid to the sodium silicate solution is 1: (4-5).
By adopting the technical scheme, the ratio of the sodium silicate solution to the humic acid is adjusted, so that the absorption of crops on the water-soluble silicon is promoted.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the weight ratio of the sodium octaborate tetrahydrate to the xylitol is 1: (3-4).
By adopting the technical scheme, the ratio of the xylitol to the sodium octaborate tetrahydrate is adjusted, so that the absorption of the boron element by crops is promoted.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the alcohol compound is at least one of ethylene glycol, glycerol and carboxylic acid; the amine compound is at least one of gamma-aminobutyric acid, isophorone diamine and diethylenetriamine.
By adopting the technical scheme, the glycol and the glycerol both contain functional groups of hydroxyl, the carboxylic acid contains functional groups of carboxyl, and the hydroxyl and the carboxyl are active groups and can be chelated with silicate in a sodium silicate solution to obtain a stable aqueous solution silicon fertilizer, so that silicate and other fertilizers can be prevented from generating silicate colloids, and the fertilizer efficiency of the water-soluble silicon fertilizer is prevented from being reduced due to the generated silicate colloids.
The gamma-aminobutyric acid, the isophorone diamine and the diethylenetriamine all contain functional groups of amino, the amino is an active group and can be chelated with silicate in a sodium silicate solution to obtain the stable water-soluble silicon fertilizer, silicate colloid can be prevented from being generated by the silicate and other fertilizers, and the fertilizer efficiency of the water-soluble silicon fertilizer is prevented from being reduced due to the generated silicate colloid.
Under the condition that the raw materials of the water-soluble silicon fertilizer are in proper ranges, one or any one of ethylene glycol, glycerol and carboxylic acid is selected as an alcohol compound, one or any one of gamma-aminobutyric acid, isophorone diamine and diethylenetriamine is selected as an amine compound, and the fertilizer effect of the water-soluble silicon fertilizer is not obviously influenced.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the water-retaining agent is one or more of polyacrylamide sylvite, starch grafted acrylonitrile and starch grafted acrylamide.
By adopting the technical scheme: the potassium polyacrylamide can improve the flow pattern, increase the lubricating property and the like, and can promote the absorption of water-soluble silicon by plants. The starch grafted acrylonitrile and the starch grafted acrylamide both contain a large number of hydrophilic groups, can absorb water and play a role in slow release.
Under the condition that the raw materials of the water-soluble silicon fertilizer are in proper ranges, one or any one of polyacrylamide sylvite, starch grafted acrylonitrile and starch grafted acrylamide is selected as a water-retaining agent, so that the fertilizer effect of the water-soluble silicon fertilizer is not greatly influenced.
In a second aspect, the application provides a preparation method of any one of the above water-soluble silicon fertilizers, which is specifically realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation process of a water-soluble silicon fertilizer comprises the following operation steps:
mixing humic acid and sodium silicate solution, charging steam with pressure of 0.4MPa and temperature of 60-80 ℃ for dissolving for 30-60min, filtering, and cooling to obtain mixture A;
adding alcohol compounds, amine compounds and other raw materials into the mixture A, mixing, stirring uniformly, carrying out ultrasonic chelation for 30-40min at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, and obtaining the water-soluble silicon fertilizer after chelation.
By adopting the technical scheme: the sodium silicate solution is used as a main raw material, and the specific functional groups in the alcohol compounds and the amine compounds are chelated with the silicate by the specific chelating technology, so that the flocculation phenomenon when the silicate is sprayed on other fertilizers or pesticide leaf surfaces is prevented, and the silicon element is absorbed in the form of orthosilicic acid for a long time after being sprayed.
In a second aspect, the application provides an application of the water-soluble silicon fertilizer in crops.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
(1) after the water-soluble silicon fertilizer is acted on the field tomatoes, the plant height, the dry weight of the beancurd sheets, the fruit setting rate and the yield of the field tomatoes are all higher than those of the field tomatoes applied in comparative examples II-1-II-7, and the plant height, the dry weight of the beancurd sheets, the fruit setting rate and the yields are respectively 173cm, 159g, 143581 and 17159kg/hm2The field tomatoes which are applied with the water-soluble silicon fertilizer are robust, the yield of the field tomatoes is improved, and the yield can be increased by 15.74 percent.
(2) After the water-soluble silicon fertilizer acts on the field rice, the plant height, the ear length, the effective ear number and the theoretical yield of the field rice are all higher than those of the field rice applying the comparative examples II-1-II-7, and the plant height, the ear length, the effective ear number and the theoretical yield are respectively 162cm, 30.2cm and 184159 ears/hm2And 468kg/hm2The field rice applying the water-soluble silicon fertilizer has better plant growth vigor, improves the field rice yield and increases the yield by 16.12 percent.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
The following raw materials are all commercially available products, and are all fully disclosed, and should not be understood as limiting the sources of the raw materials, and specifically: the sodium silicate solution is selected from the chemical industry Co., Ltd, model 582 of the Jinxinglongda; humic acid is selected from Shanxi Xin Jinxiang agriculture science and technology limited company, and the content of effective substances is 85 percent; the polypeptide amino acid is selected from Sichuan Haoyao biotechnology, and has effective substance content of 80%; the sodium octaborate tetrahydrate is selected from Liaoning boron Daji technology, Inc., the particle size is 80-100 meshes, the xylitol is selected from Chengdu Viention macro-moisture biotechnology, Inc., and the content of effective substances is 99%; the polyphosphate is selected from Shandong national chemical Co., Ltd, and the content of effective substances is 48%; the urea is selected from Hebei Zhengyuan GmbH, and has particle size of 2-4 mm; the citric acid monohydrate is selected from Shandongxin Longkai chemical industry Co., Ltd, and the content of effective substances is 99%; the gibberellic acid is selected from Hubei Jiu Fenglong chemical Co., Ltd, and the content of effective substances is 75%; the potassium polyacrylamide is selected from Shandong Juxin Da chemical technology Co., Ltd, and the content of effective substances is 75%; the gamma-aminobutyric acid is selected from Shandong Nuanping Biotech limited company, and the content of effective substances is 99 percent; the isophorone diamine is selected from Runfeng synthetic science and technology limited company, model number is 2855-13-2; the diethylenetriamine is selected from Yuanhua Biotechnology limited, and the content of effective substances is 99 percent; the cyclohexanecarboxylic acid is selected from Wuhan Hua scientific Biotechnology Limited under the trademark DNO 33.
Example 1
The water-soluble silicon fertilizer in the embodiment 1 is prepared by the following method:
mixing humic acid and sodium silicate solution according to the mixing amount shown in the table 1, filling steam with the pressure of 0.4MPa and the temperature of 80 ℃ for dissolving for 60min, filtering and cooling to obtain a mixture A;
adding ethylene glycol, gamma-aminobutyric acid, polypeptide amino acid, sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, xylitol, polyphosphate, urea and a water-retaining agent into the mixture A, mixing, uniformly stirring the water-retaining agent which is polyacrylamide potassium salt, starting ultrasonic chelation for 40min at the temperature of 80 ℃, wherein the ultrasonic power is 1800W, and chelating to obtain the water-soluble silicon fertilizer.
Examples 2 to 5
The water-soluble silicon fertilizer of the embodiments 2 to 5 has the same preparation method and the same types of raw materials as those of the embodiment 1, except that the mixing amount of each raw material is different, and the details are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 blending amounts (unit: kg) of respective raw materials of the water-soluble silicon fertilizers of examples 1 to 5
Examples 6 to 10
The water-soluble silicon fertilizer of the embodiments 6 to 10 has the same preparation method and the same types of raw materials as those of the embodiment 3, except that the mixing amount of each raw material is different, and the details are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 blending amounts (unit: kg) of respective raw materials of the water-soluble silicon fertilizers of examples 6 to 10
Example 11
The water-soluble silicon fertilizer of the embodiment 11 is prepared by the following method:
mixing humic acid and sodium silicate solution according to the mixing amount shown in the table 3, filling steam with the pressure of 0.4MPa and the temperature of 80 ℃ for dissolving for 60min, filtering and cooling to obtain a mixture A;
adding ethylene glycol, gamma-aminobutyric acid, polypeptide amino acid, sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, xylitol, polyphosphate, a water-retaining agent, potassium chloride, citric acid monohydrate and gibberellic acid into the mixture A, mixing, uniformly stirring the polyacrylamide potassium salt serving as the water-retaining agent, starting ultrasonic chelation at 80 ℃ for 40min, wherein the ultrasonic power is 1800W, and obtaining the water-soluble silicon fertilizer after chelation.
Examples 12 to 14
The water-soluble silicon fertilizer of examples 12 to 14 has the same preparation method and the same types of raw materials as those of example 11, and the mixing amounts of the raw materials are different, as shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 blending amounts (unit: kg) of respective raw materials of the water-soluble silicon fertilizers of examples 11 to 14
Examples 15 to 16
The water-soluble silicon fertilizer of the embodiment 15-16 has the same preparation method and the same types of raw materials as those of the embodiment 12, and the mixing amount of each raw material is different, and the details are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 blending amounts (unit: kg) of respective raw materials of the water-soluble silicon fertilizers of examples 15 to 16
| Raw materials | Example 15 | Example 16 |
| Sodium silicate solution | 100 | 100 |
| Humic acid | 24 | 24 |
| Ethylene glycol | 13 | 13 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid | 13 | 13 |
| Urea | 8 | 8 |
| Polypeptide amino acids | 25 | 25 |
| Sodium octaborate tetrahydrate | 4 | 4 |
| Xylitol, its preparation method and use | 15 | 15 |
| Polyphosphate salt | 13 | 13 |
| Polyacrylamide Potassium salt | 7 | 7 |
| Potassium chloride | 10 | 10 |
| Citric acid monohydrate | 5 | 5 |
| Gibberellic acid | 20 | 30 |
Examples 17 to 20
The water-soluble silicon fertilizer of the embodiment 17-20 has the same preparation method and the same types of raw materials as those of the embodiment 12, except that the mixing amount of each raw material is different, and the details are shown in table 5.
TABLE 5 blending amounts (unit: kg) of respective raw materials of the water-soluble silicon fertilizers of examples 17 to 20
Examples 21 to 24
The water-soluble silicon fertilizers of examples 21-24 have the same preparation method and raw material types as those of example 18, except that the raw materials are different in mixing amount, and are specifically shown in table 6.
TABLE 6 blending amounts (unit: kg) of respective raw materials of the water-soluble silicon fertilizers of examples 21 to 24
| Raw materials | Example 21 | Example 22 | Example 23 | Example 24 |
| Sodium silicate solution | 108 | 108 | 108 | 108 |
| Humic acid | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 |
| Ethylene glycol | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
| Urea | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 |
| Polypeptide amino acids | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 |
| Sodium octaborate tetrahydrate | 3.3 | 4 | 3 | 4.5 |
| Xylitol, its preparation method and use | 10 | 14 | 12 | 20 |
| Polyphosphate salt | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 |
| Polyacrylamide Potassium salt | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Potassium chloride | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| Citric acid monohydrate | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Gibberellic acid | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 |
Comparative example 1
The water-soluble silicon fertilizer of the comparative example 1 is completely the same as the preparation method of the example 1, except that: humic acid is not added in the water-soluble silicon fertilizer raw materials, and the other raw materials and the mixing amount are the same as those in the example 1.
Comparative example 2
The water-soluble silicon fertilizer of the comparative example 2 is completely the same as the preparation method of the example 1, except that: the water-soluble silicon fertilizer raw material is not added with alcohol compounds, and the other raw materials and the mixing amount are the same as those in the embodiment 1.
Comparative example 3
The water-soluble silicon fertilizer of the comparative example 3 is completely the same as the preparation method of the example 1, except that: the water-soluble silicon fertilizer raw material is not added with amine compounds, and the other raw materials and the mixing amount are the same as those in the embodiment 1.
Comparative example 4
The water-soluble silicon fertilizer of the comparative example 4 is completely the same as the preparation method of the example 1, except that: the water-soluble silicon fertilizer raw material is not added with polypeptide amino acid, and the other raw materials and the mixing amount are the same as those in the embodiment 1.
Comparative example 5
The water-soluble silicon fertilizer of the comparative example 5 is completely the same as the preparation method of the example 1, except that: xylitol is not added in the water-soluble silicon fertilizer raw materials, and the other raw materials and the mixing amount are the same as those in the example 1.
Comparative example 6
The water-soluble silicon fertilizer of the comparative example 6 is completely the same as the preparation method of the example 1, except that: citric acid monohydrate is not added in the raw materials of the water-soluble silicon fertilizer, and the other raw materials and the mixing amount are the same as those in the example 1.
Comparative example 7
The water-soluble silicon fertilizer of the comparative example 7 is completely the same as the preparation method of the example 1, except that: the water-soluble silicon fertilizer raw material is not added with amine compounds and alcohol compounds, and the other raw materials and the mixing amount are the same as those in the embodiment 1.
Application example I-1
Application of water-soluble silicon fertilizer in field tomatoes, and test plot area is 66.6m2And 3 cells are set, and each test cell is subjected to the same conventional treatment. The water-soluble silicon fertilizer of example 1 was diluted with water at a ratio of 1:600, and the foliage was sprayed once after 7 days of cultivation in 3 test plots at an application rate of 6 kg/mu, followed by application to the ground at an application rate of 10 kg/mu, followed by application to each of the seedling stage and the full-bearing stage.
Application examples I-2 to I-24
The application examples I-2 to I-24 have the same application method as the application example I-1, except that the water-soluble silicon fertilizers of the examples 2 to 24 are respectively selected.
Comparative application example I-1
Application of water-soluble silicon fertilizer in field tomatoes, and test plot area is 66.6m2And 3 cells are set, and each test cell is subjected to the same conventional treatment. Diluting the water-soluble silicon fertilizer of the comparative example 1 with water according to the proportion of 1:600, and spraying one on the leaf surfaces of 3 test cells after cultivation for 7 daysThen, the fertilizer is applied to the ground at an application rate of 6 kg/mu, and then the fertilizer is applied to the ground at an application rate of 10 kg/mu, and then the fertilizer is applied once in each of the seedling stage and the full-bearing stage.
Application of comparative examples II-2 to II-7
The application comparative examples II-2 to II-7 are completely the same as the application comparative example II-1 in application method, and the difference is that the water-soluble silicon fertilizers of the comparative examples 2 to 7 are respectively selected.
Performance detection
The harvesting period of the field tomatoes in the application examples I-1 to I-24 and the application comparative examples I-1 to I-7 is investigated, the plant height, the dry weight of the beancurd sheets, the fruit setting number and the yield of each test cell of the field tomatoes are respectively investigated, the mean value is calculated, and the investigation results are shown in Table 8.
TABLE 8 Performance test results of field tomatoes with different water-soluble silicon fertilizers
The test results in Table 8 show that the plant height, the dry weight of the leaf, the fruit set number and the yield of the field tomatoes of the application examples I-1 to I-24 are all higher than those of the field tomatoes of the application comparative examples I-1 to I-7, and the maximum plant height, the dry weight of the leaf, the fruit set number and the yield are 173cm, 159g, 143581 and 17159kg/hm respectively2The field tomatoes which are applied with the water-soluble silicon fertilizer have stronger plants, the yield of the field tomatoes is improved, and the yield is increased by 20.28%.
In application examples I-1 to I-5, the plant height, the dry weight of the blinds, the fruit set number and the yield of the tomatoes in the field of the application example I-3 are respectively 155cm, 142g, 131600 and 16211kg/hm2The weight ratio of the amino acid to the polypeptide is higher than that of the application examples I-1 to I-2 and the application examples I-4 to I-5, which shows that the weight ratio of the polypeptide amino acid in the application example I-3 in the water-soluble silicon fertilizer raw material is more appropriate.
In application examples I-6 to I-10, application example I-8 plant height, dry weight of leaf, and base of field tomatoFruit number and yield were 157cm, 144g, 131615 and 16219kg/hm2The weight parts of the glycol, the urea, the polyphosphate and the polyacrylamide potassium salt in the application example I-8 in the water-soluble silicon fertilizer raw material are proper, but the changes of the glycol, the urea, the citric acid monohydrate and the polyacrylamide potassium salt in a certain range have small influence on the plant height, the dry weight of the beancurd sheets, the fruit setting number and the yield of the tomatoes.
In application examples I-11 to I-14, the plant height, the dry weight of the blinds, the fruit set number and the yield of the field tomatoes in application example I-12 are 165cm, 149g, 137047 and 16406kg/hm respectively2The weight ratio of the potassium chloride to the lime in the water-soluble silicon fertilizer raw materials is 1:2, which shows that the tomato yield is higher. Further, it is understood from application examples I-15 to I-16 that the gibberellic acid in application example I-12 is preferably used in the amount of parts by weight. In application examples I-17 to I-20, the plant height, the dry weight of the beancurd sheets, the fruit setting number and the yield of the field tomatoes in the application examples I-18 are 169cm, 155g, 140597 and 16815kg/hm2The ratio of the humic acid to the sodium silicate solution in the water-soluble silicon fertilizer raw material is 1:4.5, which shows that the tomato yield is higher.
In application examples I-21 to I-24, the plant height, the dry weight of the beancurd sheets, the fruit setting number and the yield of the tomatoes in the field of the application example I-22 are 173cm, 159g, 143581 and 17159kg/hm2The weight ratio of the sodium octaborate tetrahydrate to the xylitol in the water-soluble silicon fertilizer raw materials is 1:3.5, which shows that the tomato yield is higher.
According to investigation and application of various data of field tomatoes in comparative examples I-1-I-7, the plant height, the dry weight of the beancurd sheets, the fruit setting number and the yield of the tomatoes are improved to different degrees by adding humic acid, alcohol compounds, amine compounds, polypeptide amino acid, xylitol and polyphosphate in the water-soluble silicon fertilizer raw materials.
The following application examples of water-soluble silicon fertilizer in field rice
Application example II-1
Application of water-soluble silicon fertilizer in field rice, wherein the area of a test cell is 66.6m2And 3 cells are set, and each test cell is subjected to the same conventional treatment. The water-soluble silicon fertilizer of example 1 and water were diluted in a ratio of 1:600, and 3 test plots were each subjected to ground fertilization 1d before cultivation at an application rate of 9 kg/mu.
Application examples II-2 to II-24
The application examples II-2 to II-24 are the same as the application example II-1 in the application method, except that the water-soluble silicon fertilizers of the examples 2 to 24 are respectively selected.
Comparative application example II-1
Application of water-soluble silicon fertilizer in field rice, wherein the area of a test cell is 66.6m2And 3 cells are set, and each test cell is subjected to the same conventional treatment. The water-soluble silicon fertilizer of the comparative example 1 and water are diluted according to the proportion of 1:600, and the ground fertilization is carried out in 3 test districts 1d before the cultivation, wherein the application amount is 9 kg/mu.
Application of comparative examples II-2 to II-7
The application comparative examples II-2 to II-7 are completely the same as the application comparative example II-1 in application method, and the difference is that the water-soluble silicon fertilizers of the comparative examples 2 to 7 are respectively selected.
Performance detection
The investigation of the harvest period is carried out corresponding to the field rice of the application examples II-1 to II-24 and the field rice of the application comparative examples II-1 to II-7, the plant height, the ear length, the effective ear number and the theoretical yield of each test cell of the field rice are respectively investigated, the mean value is calculated, and the investigation results are shown in a table 9.
TABLE 9 Performance test results of different water-soluble silicon fertilizers on field rice
The results of the tests in Table 9 show that the rice plants in the field of the application examples II-1 to II-24 have the same plant height, spike length and grain sizeThe effective spike number and the theoretical yield thereof are all higher than those of the field rice in the application comparative examples II-1-II-7, and the plant height, the spike length, the effective spike number and the theoretical yield thereof are respectively 162cm, 30.2cm and 184159 spikes/hm2And 468kg/hm2The field rice applying the water-soluble silicon fertilizer has better plant growth vigor, improves the field rice yield and increases the yield by 28.5 percent.
In application examples I-1 to I-5, the plant height, ear length, effective ear number and theoretical yield of the rice in the field of application example I-3 were 135cm, 28.0cm and 175758 ears/hm respectively2And 430kg/hm2The weight ratio of the amino acid to the polypeptide is higher than that of the application examples I-1 to I-2 and the application examples I-4 to I-5, which shows that the weight ratio of the polypeptide amino acid in the application example I-3 in the water-soluble silicon fertilizer raw material is more appropriate.
In application examples I-6 to I-10, the plant height, ear length, effective ear number and theoretical yield of the rice in the field of application example I-8 are 138cm, 28.2cm and 175883 ears/hm respectively2And 432kg/hm2The weight parts of the glycol, the gamma-aminobutyric acid, the urea and the polyacrylamide potassium salt in the application example I-8 in the water-soluble silicon fertilizer raw material are proper, but the influence of the variation of the glycol, the gamma-aminobutyric acid, the citric acid monohydrate and the polyacrylamide potassium salt in a certain range on the plant height, the ear length, the effective ear number and the theoretical yield of the rice is small.
In application examples I-11 to I-14, the plant height, ear length, effective ear number and theoretical yield of rice in field I-12 were 145cm, 28.8cm and 180643 ears/hm, respectively2And 440kg/hm2The ratio of the weight parts of the potassium chloride to the citric acid monohydrate in the water-soluble silicon fertilizer raw materials is 1:2, so that the yield of the rice is high. Further, it is understood from application examples I-15 to I-16 that the gibberellic acid in application example I-12 is preferably used in the amount of parts by weight. Further, it is understood from application examples I-15 to I-16 that the gibberellic acid in application example I-12 is preferably used in the amount of parts by weight.
In the application examples I-17 to I-20, the plant height, the ear length, the effective ear number and the theoretical yield of the rice in the application example I-18 field are respectively 155cm, 29.5cm and 182545 ears/hm2And 457kg/hm2The ratio of the humic acid to the sodium silicate solution in the water-soluble silicon fertilizer raw materials is 1:4.5, and the yield of rice is high, probably because the humic acid and the sodium silicate solution have a more remarkable effect on improving the concentration of soluble silicon in soil when being applied. Not only obviously increases the soluble silicon in the soil, but also can prolong the fertilizer efficiency of the sodium silicate.
In application examples I-21 to I-24, the plant height, ear length, effective ear number and theoretical yield of the rice in the field of application example I-22 were 162cm, 30.2cm and 184159 ears/hm respectively2And 468kg/hm2The weight ratio of the sodium octaborate tetrahydrate to the xylitol in the water-soluble silicon fertilizer raw materials is 1:3.5, and the yield of the rice is higher, probably because the xylitol can be used as a carrier of nutrient elements such as boron and the like, mineral nutrients are carried in phloem of crops for rapid transportation, and meanwhile, the water-soluble silicon chelated by the xylitol is more easily absorbed and utilized by the crops.
Through analyzing and applying various data of the field rice in comparative examples II-1 to II-7, the plant height, the ear length, the effective ear number and the theoretical yield of the rice are improved to different degrees by adding the humic acid, the alcohol compound, the amine compound, the polypeptide amino acid, the xylitol and the sodium citrate monohydrate in the water-soluble silicon fertilizer raw material, and the plant height, the ear length, the effective ear number and the theoretical yield of the rice can be improved to a large extent by adding the alcohol compound and the amine compound simultaneously.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. The water-soluble silicon fertilizer is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-120 parts of sodium silicate solution, 20-30 parts of humic acid, 10-15 parts of alcohol compound, 10-15 parts of amine compound, 15-35 parts of polypeptide amino acid, 3-7 parts of sodium octaborate tetrahydrate, 10-20 parts of xylitol, 10-15 parts of polyphosphate, 6-10 parts of urea and 5-9 parts of water-retaining agent.
2. The water-soluble silicon fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, further comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-12 parts of potassium chloride, 3-5 parts of citric acid monohydrate and 20-30 parts of gibberellic acid.
3. The water-soluble silicon fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the weight ratio of the potassium chloride to the citric acid monohydrate is 1: (1-3).
4. The water-soluble silicon fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the weight ratio of the humic acid to the sodium silicate solution is 1: (4-5).
5. The water-soluble silicon fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the weight ratio of the sodium octaborate tetrahydrate to the xylitol is 1: (3-4).
6. The water-soluble silicon fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the alcohol compound is at least one of ethylene glycol, glycerol and cyclohexanecarboxylic acid; the amine compound is at least one of gamma-aminobutyric acid, isophorone diamine and diethylenetriamine.
7. The water-soluble silicon fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water-retaining agent is at least one of polyacrylamide sylvite, starch grafted acrylonitrile and starch grafted acrylamide.
8. A preparation process of the water-soluble silicon fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the following operation steps:
mixing humic acid and sodium silicate solution, charging steam with pressure of 0.4MPa and temperature of 60-80 ℃ for dissolving for 30-60min, filtering, and cooling to obtain mixture A;
adding alcohol compounds, amine compounds and other raw materials into the mixture A, mixing, stirring uniformly, carrying out ultrasonic chelation for 30-40min at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, and obtaining the water-soluble silicon fertilizer after chelation.
9. Use of a water-soluble silicon fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 in crops.
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