CN113880545A - 一种光催化镁质胶凝材料制备方法及其制品 - Google Patents
一种光催化镁质胶凝材料制备方法及其制品 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113880545A CN113880545A CN202010628534.4A CN202010628534A CN113880545A CN 113880545 A CN113880545 A CN 113880545A CN 202010628534 A CN202010628534 A CN 202010628534A CN 113880545 A CN113880545 A CN 113880545A
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- magnesium
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- photocatalyst
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000012245 magnesium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 titanium dioxide-boron modified carbon nitride Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical group [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910002915 BiVO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003905 indoor air pollution Methods 0.000 description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 5
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000032839 leukemia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006750 UV protection Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000809 air pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001243 air pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000315 carcinogenic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011147 magnesium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GVALZJMUIHGIMD-UHFFFAOYSA-H magnesium phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GVALZJMUIHGIMD-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 239000004137 magnesium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002261 magnesium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000157 magnesium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010994 magnesium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001089 mineralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003390 teratogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/30—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing magnesium cements or similar cements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/14—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/16—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof containing oxygen, i.e. acids, anhydrides and their derivates with N, S, B or halogens without carriers or on carriers based on C, Si, Al or Zr; also salts of Si, Al and Zr
- B01J27/18—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof containing oxygen, i.e. acids, anhydrides and their derivates with N, S, B or halogens without carriers or on carriers based on C, Si, Al or Zr; also salts of Si, Al and Zr with metals other than Al or Zr
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/14—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/186—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J27/195—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium with vanadium, niobium or tantalum
- B01J27/198—Vanadium
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/24—Nitrogen compounds
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/39—Photocatalytic properties
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- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/30—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing magnesium cements or similar cements
- C04B28/32—Magnesium oxychloride cements, e.g. Sorel cement
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- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/02—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by adding chemical blowing agents
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5025—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with ceramic materials
- C04B41/5041—Titanium oxide or titanates
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5053—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials non-oxide ceramics
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
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- C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
- C04B41/87—Ceramics
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- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00025—Aspects relating to the protection of the health, e.g. materials containing special additives to afford skin protection
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- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
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- C04B2111/52—Sound-insulating materials
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- Structural Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明公开一种光催化镁质胶凝材料制备方法及其制品，其组分按重量份数计包括：氧化镁粉100份；调和剂120～125份；填料8～12份；天然纤维6～10份；珍珠岩5～7份；二氧化钛2.6～2.9份；发泡剂3～5份；光催化剂0.5～32份。通过加入光催化剂赋予镁质胶凝材料环境净化和自清洁的功能，实现具有新功能的复合建材用板，具有非常强的开创性。另外，本发明光催化镁质胶凝材料制备方法简单，制成的光催化镁质胶凝材料，具有能耗低，反应彻底，可实现有机物的完全矿化，且无二次污染，可用于制作地板、墙纸等的制作，应用范围非常广阔，具有非常好发展前景及市场价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种光催化镁质胶凝材料制备方法及其制品。
背景技术
随着人民物质生活水平的提高，各种有机聚合物在日常生活中广泛使用，比如室内装饰装修材料、电器产品、日用化学品等，致使室内空气污染不断加剧。由此引发空气污染也不断增加，室内空气污染与健康已成为公众关注的重要环境问题。由于室内环境相对封闭，由各种材料缓慢释放的挥发性有机化合物(Volatile Organic Compounds,VOCs)在室内累积并缓慢的释放，导致室内空气VOCs浓度增高，使人们遭受VOCs的污染。室内VOCs主要来自装饰材料释放、吸烟、人类活动、生活燃料燃烧、臭源及室外大气污染。据统计目前在室内环境空气中已检出大约300多种VOCs，主要包括甲醛、苯、甲苯、二甲苯等，其中多数化合物对人体有害，有的还具有致癌、致畸作用。
据世界卫生组织发布的《室内空气污染与健康》指出，目前室内空气污染的程度已经高出室外污染5-10倍。全球约4％的疾病与室内空气质量相关，每年大约有200万人因室内空气污染所致疾病而过早死亡。全球近半数人处于室内空气污染中，室内空气污染已成为人类健康十大威胁之一。在居室环境检出的有害物质中，甲醛最为常见，其次为二甲苯、甲苯和苯。超标房屋中，以儿童房最为多见，其次为书房、主卧，客厅、餐厅超标率最低，“这与儿童房装修密度大、通风少、空调使用频率高有关”。近年来，关于家装环保的问题屡屡在新闻上被提及，“夺命甲醛”、“装修了2年入住得白血病”、“白血病90％来源于家居装修”……这些骇人听闻的事件一直层出不穷。为此，开发健康环保、具有自清洁效果的建筑装饰材料对人类身体健康和社会的稳定持续发展具有重要的意义。
镁质胶凝材料贴面具有防火性能好、使用灵活、无毒无害、质轻等特点，可满足装配式房屋的施工速度快、入住快的要求，是理想的新一代家庭装饰材料。但是镁质胶凝材料主要成分是氧化镁，氯化镁、硫酸镁、磷酸镁等，其本身对室内空气污染物不具备净化能力。因此，如何赋予镁质胶凝材料具有环境净化和自清洁功能成为提升其产品经济价值和市场竞争能力的关键。
发明内容
针对上述存在的问题，发明提供一种光催化镁质胶凝材料及其制备方法，将光催化技术应用到镁质胶凝材料中，赋予镁质胶凝材料环境净化和自清洁的功能，具体技术方案如下：
首先，本发明提供一种光催化镁质胶凝材料，其组分按重量份数计包括：
氧化镁粉100份；
调和剂120～125份；
填料8～12份；
天然纤维6～10份；
珍珠岩5～7份；
二氧化钛2.6～2.9份；
发泡剂3～5份；
光催化剂0.5～32份。
优选的，所述调和剂为硫酸镁溶液或氯化镁溶液。
优选的，所述填料为氧化铝粉。
优选的，所述天然纤维为植物纤维包括竹纤维，麻纤维、棉纤维、椰丝纤维。
优选的，所述发泡剂为AC发泡液，其浓度为10％。
优选的，所述光催化剂为二氧化钛-硼改性氮化碳光催化剂、磷酸桥联复合的TiO2-BiVO4纳米光催化剂或磷酸功能化碳纳米管-二氧化钛复合纳米光催化剂。
前述的光催化镁质胶凝材料的制备方法，
步骤S1：按上述重量份称取氧化镁粉、调和剂、填料、天然纤维、珍珠岩、二氧化钛及发泡剂，按顺序混合在一起并搅拌，形成镁质胶凝浆料；
步骤S2：将步骤S1中制成的镁质胶凝浆料注入模具中，梳平，并在浆料表面铺放无纺布，然后滚压使浆料紧实；
步骤S3：将步骤S2中注入模具中的镁质胶凝浆料放入养护室，于35℃～37℃条件下静置胶凝；
步骤S4：待步骤S3中的镁质胶凝浆料凝固脱模后，将光催化剂均匀地喷涂在其表面，待其彻底固化后，即获得光催化镁质胶凝材料。
作为优选的技术方案的，步骤S1中，所述按顺序混合为：先将氧化镁粉加入水中，然后加入填料和二氧化钛高速搅拌10～20min，之后加入天然纤维、珍珠岩和调和剂继续搅拌5～6min，最后加入发泡剂，低速搅拌5～10min，即获得镁质胶凝浆料。
作为优选的技术方案的，步骤S1中混合的镁质胶凝浆料还包括光催化剂，其加入量为总量的五分之一到三分之一，其加入的顺序是与发泡剂一起加入，剩余的部分喷涂在镁质胶凝材料表面。
相应地，本发明还提供了一种光催化镁质胶凝材料制品，即采用前述的光催化镁质胶凝材料制得的制品。
本发明光催化镁质胶凝材料的实现环境净化和自清洁功能原理为：
首先，加入的光催化剂及镁质胶凝材料会吸附并富集造成室内空气污染的挥发性有机物(VOCs)和细菌病毒等；而光催化材料能够吸收室内波长大于其禁带宽度的自然光及灯光等，进而被激发产生具有还原能力的光生电子和具有强氧化能力的光生空穴，分别扩散到光催化材料表面；然后，光生电子和空穴分别与表面吸附的O2、H2O、VOCs等发生氧化还原反应，产生系列活性氧物种如O2-和OH等，进而将VOCs降解成H2O和CO2等实现彻底矿化，以及对病毒、微生物等的有效杀灭，从而实现环境净化和自清洁功能。
本发明的有益效果是：
本发明光催化镁质胶凝材料，通过加入光催化剂赋予镁质胶凝材料环境净化和自清洁的功能，实现具有新功能的复合建材用板，具有非常强的开创性。
本发明光催化镁质胶凝材料中的填料采用氧化铝粉不仅能提高提高镁质胶凝材料的致密性、冷热疲劳性、断裂韧性及耐磨性，还能提高其耐紫外能力，提高其制品的耐用性；与新加入的光催化剂互补，保证在光照条件下，制品长期保新。
本发明光催化镁质胶凝材料加入的光催化镁质胶凝材料为二氧化钛-硼改性氮化碳光催化剂、磷酸桥联复合的TiO2-BiVO4纳米光催化剂或磷酸功能化碳纳米管-二氧化钛复合纳米光催化剂；其中，氧化钛-硼改性氮化碳光催化剂通过对催化剂的改性后，其比表面积增大，可见光利用率高，具有良好的活性及稳定性；磷酸桥联复合的TiO2-BiVO4纳米光催化剂，延长了高能电子的寿命，提高了光生电荷的分离效率，这有利于光催化分解，且反应条件温和、性能优异；磷酸功能化碳纳米管-二氧化钛复合纳米光催化剂具有较高的光生载流子分离、反应效率，是较为理想的光催化剂。
另外，本发明光催化镁质胶凝材料制备方法简单，光催化剂可直接喷涂在成型的材料表面，也可以加入混料环节，提高制备材料的净化性能；氧化镁粉先与填料和二氧化钛混合，高速搅拌，分散更均匀；后加入天然纤维、珍珠岩，防止纤维在长久的搅拌过程中结团影响材料的均匀度；加入的发泡剂，能使制成的光催化镁质胶凝材料轻质多孔，达到隔热、吸声的目的。
本发明光催化镁质胶凝材料，具有能耗低(可有效利用自然光、室内灯光等能量)，反应彻底(可实现有机物的完全矿化)，无二次污染(无耗材、免维护)等特点；可用于制作地板、墙纸、柜台、家装装饰品及家具等，还可以用作其他的需要净化场景的使用，应用范围非常广阔，具有非常好发展前景及市场价值。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合实施例，对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。实施例1～3为制备光催化镁质胶凝材料，实施例4为对比例。
实施例1
按重量份取氧化镁粉100份、硫酸镁溶液120份、氧化铝粉12份、麻纤维6份、珍珠岩5份、二氧化钛2.6份、发泡剂3份、二氧化钛-硼改性氮化碳光催化剂12份。先将氧化镁粉加入水中，然后加入氧化铝粉和二氧化钛以2000rpm的转速高速搅拌15min，之后加入硫酸镁溶液、麻纤维和珍珠岩继续搅拌5min，最后加入浓度为10％的AC发泡液，以600rpm的转速低速搅拌10min，即获得镁质胶凝浆料。然后将该镁质胶凝浆料注入模具中，梳平，并在浆料表面铺放无纺布，然后滚压使浆料紧实；之后放入养护室，于35℃～37℃条件下静置胶凝；待其凝固脱模后，将二氧化钛-硼改性氮化碳光催化剂均匀地喷涂在其表面，待其彻底固化后，即获得光催化镁质胶凝材料。
实施例2
按重量份取氧化镁粉100份、氯化镁溶液123份、氧化铝粉10份、竹纤维8份、珍珠岩6份、二氧化钛2.8份、10％的AC发泡液5份、磷酸桥联复合的TiO2-BiVO4纳米光催化剂20份。先将氧化镁粉加入水中，然后加入氧化铝粉和二氧化钛以2000rpm的转速高速搅拌10min，之后加入氯化镁溶液、竹纤维和珍珠岩继续搅拌6min，最后加入浓度为10％的AC发泡液和5份磷酸桥联复合的TiO2-BiVO4纳米光催化剂，以600rpm的转速低速搅拌8min，即获得镁质胶凝浆料。然后将该镁质胶凝浆料注入模具中，梳平，并在浆料表面铺放无纺布，然后滚压使浆料紧实；之后放入养护室，于35℃～37℃条件下静置胶凝；待其凝固脱模后，将剩余的15份二氧化钛-硼改性氮化碳光催化剂均匀地喷涂在其表面，待其彻底固化后，即获得光催化镁质胶凝材料。
实施例3
按重量份取氧化镁粉100份、氯化镁溶液125份、氧化铝粉8份、椰丝纤维10份、珍珠岩7份、二氧化钛2.9份、10％的AC发泡液4份、磷酸功能化碳纳米管-二氧化钛复合纳米光催化剂32份。先将氧化镁粉加入水中，然后加入氧化铝粉和二氧化钛以2000rpm的转速高速搅拌20min，之后加入氯化镁溶液、竹纤维和珍珠岩继续搅拌5min，最后加入浓度为10％的AC发泡液，以600rpm的转速低速搅拌5min，即获得镁质胶凝浆料。然后将该镁质胶凝浆料注入模具中，梳平，并在浆料表面铺放无纺布，然后滚压使浆料紧实；之后放入养护室，于35℃～37℃条件下静置胶凝；待其凝固脱模后，将、磷酸功能化碳纳米管-二氧化钛复合纳米光催化剂均匀地喷涂在其表面，待其彻底固化后，即获得光催化镁质胶凝材料。
实施例4对比例
取实施例1～3中制备光催化镁质胶凝材料与目前市场中装饰板使用性能对比，结果如表1所示。
表1.光催化镁质胶凝材料与市场中装饰板性能对比
由上表可以看出，本发明光催化镁质胶凝材料具备建筑、家装用材需求的方面性能，适用的范围非常广。而且本发明材料制备的产品尺寸，可根据施工要求裁锯、拼装；材料体现了低碳环保，防火等级达A级，且具有抗震性能，安全可靠。
另外，本发明材料产品使用寿命长，耐腐蚀，现场施工可干法作业，全建造过程低碳节能，可减少90％木材消耗，减少90％施工垃圾，节省90％施工用水，节省35％施工用电，缩短70％工期，节省50％现场用工成本。此外，本发明材料采用的原材料成本低、稳定性好、可控性强，可有效利用自然光、室内灯光等能量进对室内挥发性有机物的有效降解，可实现有机物的完全矿化并且无二次污染，应用范围非常广阔，具有非常好发展前景及市场价值。
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的。此外，应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非只包含一个的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
Claims (10)
1.一种光催化镁质胶凝材料，其特征在于：其组分按重量份数计包括：
氧化镁粉100份；
调和剂120～125份；
填料8～12份；
天然纤维6～10份；
珍珠岩5～7份；
二氧化钛2.6～2.9份；
发泡剂3～5份；
光催化剂0.5～32份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的光催化镁质胶凝材料，其特征在于：所述调和剂为硫酸镁溶液或氯化镁溶液。
3.根据权利要求1所述的光催化镁质胶凝材料，其特征在于：所述填料为氧化铝粉。
4.根据权利要求1所述的光催化镁质胶凝材料，其特征在于：所述天然纤维为植物纤维包括竹纤维，麻纤维、棉纤维、椰丝纤维。
5.根据权利要求1所述的光催化镁质胶凝材料，其特征在于：所述发泡剂为AC发泡液，其浓度为10%。
6.根据权利要求1所述的光催化镁质胶凝材料，其特征在于：所述光催化剂为二氧化钛-硼改性氮化碳光催化剂、磷酸桥联复合的TiO2-BiVO4纳米光催化剂或磷酸功能化碳纳米管-二氧化钛复合纳米光催化剂。
7.一种权利要求1～6任意一项所述的光催化镁质胶凝材料的制备方法，其特征在于：
步骤S1：按上述重量份称取氧化镁粉、调和剂、填料、天然纤维、珍珠岩、二氧化钛及发泡剂，按顺序混合在一起并搅拌，形成镁质胶凝浆料；
步骤S2：将步骤S1中制成的镁质胶凝浆料注入模具中，梳平，并在浆料表面铺放无纺布，然后滚压使浆料紧实；
步骤S3：将步骤S2中注入模具中的镁质胶凝浆料放入养护室，于35℃～37℃条件下静置胶凝；
步骤S4：待步骤S3中的镁质胶凝浆料凝固脱模后，将光催化剂均匀地喷涂在其表面，待其彻底固化后，即获得光催化镁质胶凝材料。
8.根据权利要求7所述的光催化镁质胶凝材料的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤S1中，所述按顺序混合为：先将氧化镁粉加入水中，然后加入填料和二氧化钛高速搅拌10～20min，之后加入天然纤维、珍珠岩和调和剂继续搅拌5～6min，最后加入发泡剂，低速搅拌5～10min，即获得镁质胶凝浆料。
9.根据权利要求7或8所述的光催化镁质胶凝材料的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤S1中混合的镁质胶凝浆料还包括光催化剂，其加入量为总量的五分之一到三分之一，其加入的顺序是与发泡剂一起加入，剩余的部分喷涂在镁质胶凝材料表面。
10.一种光催化镁质胶凝材料制品，其特征在于：采用权利要求1-6任意一项所述的光催化镁质胶凝材料制得的制品。
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