CN113878150A - Five four milling cutter end milling machines of environment-friendly numerical control - Google Patents
Five four milling cutter end milling machines of environment-friendly numerical control Download PDFInfo
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- CN113878150A CN113878150A CN202111089304.6A CN202111089304A CN113878150A CN 113878150 A CN113878150 A CN 113878150A CN 202111089304 A CN202111089304 A CN 202111089304A CN 113878150 A CN113878150 A CN 113878150A
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- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C9/00—Details or accessories so far as specially adapted to milling machines or cutter
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/0042—Devices for removing chips
- B23Q11/005—Devices for removing chips by blowing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/08—Protective coverings for parts of machine tools; Splash guards
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
- B23Q3/08—Work-clamping means other than mechanically-actuated
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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Abstract
The invention provides an environment-friendly numerical control five-axis four-milling cutter end face milling machine which comprises a machine body, wherein a feeding assembly is arranged on one side of the machine body, a five-axis four-milling cutter milling assembly is arranged on the other side of the machine body, and a chip collecting box is arranged below the five-axis four-milling cutter milling assembly. The invention has the advantages that the invention can avoid the splashing of cutting chips, oil smoke and the like generated in the processing process or the splashing of the cutting chips, the oil smoke and the like from the feeding port, thereby realizing the environment-friendly processing; in addition, four milling cutters in the five-axis four-milling cutter assembly can be flexibly combined to machine mortises with various depths and widths, and the machining efficiency of workpieces is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of numerical control milling machines, and particularly relates to an environment-friendly five-axis four-milling-cutter end face milling machine.
Background
With the development of modern cities, residences are mainly multi-storey and high-rise residential buildings, and due to the needs of conservation, environmental protection, standardization and mass production, residential apartment building doors and windows begin to appear and be produced in a customized industrial aluminum profile door and window mode with uniform specifications. However, the conventional end face milling machine has a large overall size, and when a profile is machined, the cutting feed motion is ineffective and redundant, and the overall efficiency is low. In addition, in the process of milling the workpiece, cutting scraps, oil smoke and the like generated by the end face milling machine are easy to splash, so that the surrounding environment is seriously polluted, and the current environment-friendly requirement is not met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide and design an environment-friendly numerical control five-axis four-milling cutter end face milling machine aiming at the defects of low efficiency and environmental pollution of the existing end face milling machine so as to solve the technical problems and ensure that the end face milling machine can meet the requirements of high efficiency and high environmental protection at the same time.
In order to achieve the technical problem, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an environment-friendly numerical control five-axis four-milling cutter end face milling machine comprises a machine body, wherein a feeding assembly is arranged on one side of the machine body, a five-axis four-milling cutter milling assembly is arranged on the other side of the machine body, a chip collecting box is arranged below the five-axis four-milling cutter milling assembly, the five-axis four-milling cutter assembly comprises a horizontal X-axis guide rail arranged on the machine body, an X-axis slider is connected onto the X-axis guide rail in a sliding manner, a tool rest upright post is mounted on the X-axis slider, a vertical Z-axis guide rail I and a vertical Z-axis guide rail II are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the tool rest upright post, a Z-axis slider I and a Z-axis slider II are respectively connected onto the Z-axis guide rail I and the Z-axis guide rail II in a sliding manner, a horizontal Y-axis guide rail I and a horizontal Y-axis guide rail II which are parallel to each other are respectively arranged on the Z-axis slider I and the Z-axis guide rail II, and the Y-axis guide rail II are both perpendicular to the X-axis guide rail, the Y-axis guide rail I and the Y-axis guide rail II are respectively connected with a Y-axis slide block I and a Y-axis slide block II in a sliding mode, a main shaft I and a main shaft II are respectively installed on the end portion of the Y-axis slide block I and the end portion of the Y-axis slide block II, a milling cutter I and a milling cutter II are respectively installed at the head end and the tail end of the main shaft I, and a milling cutter III and a milling cutter IV are respectively installed at the head end and the tail end of the main shaft II. Therefore, in the process of processing the workpiece, the four milling cutters are combined to provide various milling tenon sizes so as to meet the milling tenon requirements on the end faces of various sectional materials and improve the processing speed of the workpiece.
The invention further improves the structure that the turnover assembly is arranged on the first main shaft or the second main shaft, and the turnover assembly can drive the corresponding main shaft to turn over for 90 degrees in a vertical plane vertical to the X-axis guide rail, so that the five-axis four-milling cutter assembly has a tenon milling function and a workpiece cutting function.
The invention is further improved in that a first adjusting seat and a second adjusting seat are arranged on the first Y-axis sliding block, the first adjusting seat and the second adjusting seat are arranged on one side of the turnover assembly, a first limiting part is arranged on the first adjusting seat, and a second limiting part is arranged on the second adjusting seat; a first positioning part and a second positioning part are arranged on the turnover assembly; when the axis of the first main shaft is parallel to the first Y-axis guide rail, a first positioning part on the turnover assembly is contacted with a first limiting part, and the turnover assembly cannot rotate continuously; when the axis of the first main shaft is in a vertical state, the second positioning part on the turnover assembly is in contact with the second limiting part, and the turnover assembly cannot rotate continuously. Therefore, the rotation angle of the turnover assembly is limited, and the condition that the milling precision of the workpiece is influenced by the fact that the spindle I or the spindle II is turned over excessively is avoided.
The invention is further improved in that the feeding assembly comprises a feeding port workbench arranged on the lathe bed, the left side and the right side of the feeding port workbench are provided with feeding port side supporting plates, the upper end of each feeding port side supporting plate is provided with a feeding port top plate, and the feeding port workbench, the feeding port side supporting plates and the feeding port top plates form a feeding port; the upper end of feed inlet is provided with presses the material cylinder, presses the cylinder body fixed mounting of material cylinder on the feed inlet roof, the piston rod that presses the material cylinder moves along vertical direction, the tip of the piston rod that presses the material cylinder is provided with the clamp plate, the clamp plate can press the material contact with the work piece on the feed inlet workstation under the drive of the piston rod that presses the material cylinder, treat the processing work piece and press the material, avoid it to take place to remove milling the in-process, the influence mills the effect.
The invention is further improved in that one side of the pressing plate close to the workpiece processing end is fixedly connected with an inner side dust baffle plate for shielding the feeding hole, and the size of the inner side dust baffle plate is matched with that of the feeding hole, so that the inner side dust baffle plate moves down along with the pressing plate in the pressing process of the pressing plate and shields the upper space of the feeding hole, chips, oil smoke and the like are prevented from flying out of the upper space of the feeding hole, and the environment pollution is prevented.
The invention is further improved in that the pressing plate is provided with an air blowing hole, the upper part of the air blowing hole is detachably provided with an air pipe connector, and the air pipe connector is connected with an air blowing assembly; one end of the lower surface of the pressing plate, which is close to the processing end of the workpiece, and one end of the lower surface of the pressing plate, which is far away from the processing end of the workpiece, are both provided with a plastic pad, wherein the side wall of one side, which is far away from the processing end of the workpiece, of the plastic pad, which is close to the processing end of the workpiece, is set as an inclined side wall, and the lower end of the inclined side wall inclines towards the direction close to the processing end of the workpiece; a gap is formed between the two plastic pads and is positioned below the air blowing hole, and the air blowing hole is communicated with the gap between the two plastic pads; an air curtain guide plate is detachably mounted in a gap between the two plastic cushions, one side, close to the processing end of the workpiece, of the air curtain guide plate is provided with an inclined surface, and the lower end of the inclined surface inclines towards the direction close to the processing end of the workpiece; the gas that the air pipe joint blew out can spout from the gap between the inclined plane of air curtain deflector and the slope lateral wall of plastic pad to from the top downwards and inwards spout an air curtain, and block in the gap that cuttings, oil smoke etc. got into the work piece inside or got into between the adjacent work piece through this air curtain, thereby further avoid cuttings, oil smoke etc. to follow feed inlet department departure. Meanwhile, the impact force between the pressing plate and the workpiece can be buffered through the plastic pad, and the workpiece is prevented from being crushed.
The invention further improves the structure that the number of the material pressing cylinders is at least two, the material pressing cylinders are sequentially and uniformly arranged on a top plate of a feeding hole along the feeding direction of a workpiece, a pressing plate is arranged at the end part of a piston rod of each material pressing cylinder, a group of air blowing assemblies are arranged on each pressing plate, the inner dust blocking plate is arranged on the pressing plate closest to the processing end of the workpiece, and a dustproof connecting plate is arranged at a gap between every two adjacent pressing plates. Therefore, the uniform stress of the workpiece can be ensured, a plurality of air curtains can be formed, and the capability of preventing cuttings and waste oil gas from overflowing through the air curtains is improved.
The invention further improves the structure that a side guide plate used for positioning the workpiece in the X-axis guide rail direction is arranged in the feeding hole, and a Y-direction positioning plate used for positioning the workpiece in the Y-axis guide rail direction is arranged at one end, close to the workpiece, of the first Y-axis sliding block or the second Y-axis sliding block, so that the workpiece is pre-positioned before machining through the side guide plate and the Y-direction positioning plate.
The Y-direction positioning plate is arranged on the outer side of the Y-direction positioning plate, one end of the positioning plate shield is connected with one end of the shield swing arm, the shield swing arm is hinged with the corresponding sliding block, the shield swing arm is further connected with a rotary driving assembly, and the rotary driving assembly can drive the shield swing arm to rotate around a hinge point between the shield swing arm and the corresponding sliding block. Like this in the work piece course of working, can protect the locating plate through the locating plate guard shield, prevent that the smear metal etc. from touchhing or gluing the locating plate on, positioning accuracy when influence locating plate is fixed a position next time.
According to the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
1) according to the invention, the pressing plate is provided with the inner side dust baffle plate, the air blowing hole and the air blowing assembly, the air curtain can be formed under the combined action of the air blowing hole and the air blowing assembly, so that chips, oil smoke and the like are prevented from entering the interior of a workpiece or entering gaps between adjacent workpieces, and meanwhile, the chips, the oil smoke and the like are prevented from entering the upper side space of the pressing plate by the inner side dust baffle plate, so that the chips, the oil smoke and the like are further prevented from flying out of the feeding hole, and the external environment is protected;
2) the invention adopts a single-column structure, the distance between two main shafts is very small, the ineffective redundancy of cutting feed motion is less, and the efficiency is high;
3) the four milling cutters can be flexibly combined according to the processing requirements of the workpiece so as to meet the tenon milling requirements of various depths and widths on the end face of the workpiece; the end face of the workpiece can be machined by feeding along the X axis basically, so that the machining efficiency and the machining precision are improved;
4) the main shaft can also be turned over to change the cutting direction of the milling cutter, so that the milling machine has the tenon milling function and also has the function of cutting off workpieces;
5) according to the five-axis four-milling cutter assembly, the Y-direction positioning plate for positioning the workpiece in the feeding direction is integrated with the five-axis four-milling cutter assembly, and assemblies such as a guide rail and the like do not need to be arranged on the lathe bed independently, so that the structure of the whole lathe bed becomes compact, and the occupied space is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings used in the description will be briefly introduced, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the embodiment of the present invention in a tenon milling state;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention in a cut-off state;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the upender assembly in a tenon milling state in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view taken at I in FIG. 3;
in the figure: 1.01, a lathe bed, 1.02, an X-axis guide rail, 1.03, an X-axis sliding block, 1.04, a rack, 1.05, a ground pin, 1.06, an X-axis limiting block, 1.07, a buffer block, 1.08 and a chip collecting box;
2.01, a tool rest upright post, 2.02, a second Z-axis guide rail, 2.03, a second Z-axis sliding block, 2.04, a second Y-axis sliding block, 2.05, a second Y-axis guide rail, 2.06, a third milling cutter, 2.07, a second spindle, 2.08, a fourth milling cutter, 2.09, a first milling cutter, 2.10, a first spindle, 2.11, a second milling cutter, 2.12, a Y-direction positioning plate, 2.13, a positioning plate fixing seat, 2.14, a positioning plate shield, 2.15, a shield swing arm, 2.16, a shield rotary seat, 2.17, a shield rotary shaft, 2.18, a rotary cylinder, 2.19, a first Z-axis guide rail, 2.20, an X-axis servo motor, 2.21, a speed reducer, 2.22, a gear, 2.23, a conversion cylinder, 2.24, a turnover arm, 2.25, a first adjusting seat, 2.26, a first limiting piece, a second adjusting seat, 2.28, a second limiting piece, a first Y-axis sliding block, a first Z-axis sliding block, a second Y-axis sliding block, 2.31, a first milling cutter, 2.11, a second milling cutter, 2.12, a second cutter, a third cutter, 2.12, a third cutter, a fourth, a;
3.01, a feed port workbench, 3.02, a feed port side supporting plate, 3.03, a feed port top plate, 3.04, a guide bearing, 3.05, a guide shaft, 3.06, a material pressing cylinder, 3.07, a side guide plate, 3.08, an air distribution block, 3.09, a pressing plate, 3.10, a plastic cushion, 3.11, an air curtain guide plate, 3.12, an air pipe joint, 3.13, an air pipe, 3.14, an inner side dust baffle plate, 3.15, a dustproof connecting plate, 3.16, a front air control chamber door, 3.17 auxiliary feeding supporting frames, 3.18 inclined planes, 3.19 air blowing holes and 3.20 inclined side walls;
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the invention provides an environment-friendly numerically-controlled five-axis four-milling-cutter end face milling machine, which comprises a machine body 1.01, wherein a ground foot 1.05 is arranged below the machine body 1.01, a feeding assembly is arranged on one side of the machine body 1.01, a five-axis four-milling-cutter milling assembly is arranged on the other side of the machine body 1.01, a chip collecting box 1.08 is arranged below the five-axis four-milling-cutter milling assembly, and a drawing structure is preferably adopted between the chip collecting box 1.08 and the machine body 1.01. In addition, all around and the top parcel of whole milling machine have the metal plate subassembly of enclosing entirely, the top of enclosing the metal plate subassembly entirely is provided with air cleaner, makes the oil smoke that the milling machine course of working produced etc. discharge into the atmosphere again after air cleaner filters.
Specifically, the five-axis four-milling cutter milling assembly comprises a horizontal X-axis guide rail 1.02 arranged on a lathe bed 1.01, the direction of the X-axis guide rail 1.02 is perpendicular to the feeding direction of a workpiece on a feeding assembly, an X-axis slider 1.03 is connected onto the X-axis guide rail 1.02 in a sliding manner, an X-axis driving assembly for driving the X-axis slider 1.03 to slide on the X-axis guide rail 1.02 is connected onto the X-axis slider 1.03, the X-axis driving assembly preferably adopts a gear 2.22 and rack 1.04 structure, namely, a rack 1.04 is arranged on an X-axis sliding rail, a gear 2.22 capable of being meshed with the rack 1.04 is arranged on the X-axis slider 1.03, and the gear 2.22 is in transmission connection with an X-axis servo motor 2.20 and a speed reducer 2.21, so that the X-axis slider 1.03 moves horizontally along the X-axis guide rail 1.02 under the action of the gear 2.22 and the rack 1.04. Further, in order to avoid excessive movement of the X-axis slider 1.03 on the X-axis guide rail 1.02, an X-axis limiting block 1.06 is arranged at the end of the X-axis guide rail 1.02, and a buffer block 1.07 is arranged at one end, far away from the end of the X-axis guide rail 1.02, of the X-axis limiting block 1.06.
Still install knife rest stand 2.01 on the X axle slider 1.03, the left and right sides of knife rest stand 2.01 is provided with vertical Z axle guide rail one 2.19 and Z axle guide rail two 2.02 respectively, sliding connection has Z axle slider one 2.30 and Z axle slider two 2.03 respectively on Z axle guide rail one 2.19 and Z axle guide rail two 2.02, be connected with Z axle drive assembly one and Z axle drive assembly two on Z axle slider one 2.30 and the Z axle slider two 2.03 respectively. The first Z-axis driving assembly can drive the first Z-axis sliding block 2.30 to vertically slide on the first Z-axis guide rail 2.19, and the second Z-axis driving assembly can drive the second Z-axis sliding block 2.03 to vertically slide on the second Z-axis guide rail 2.02. The first Z-axis driving assembly and the second Z-axis driving assembly preferably adopt the same driving structure, the driving structure preferably adopts a ball screw structure, namely a screw nut group and a screw supporting seat are installed on a corresponding Z-axis guide rail, nuts in the screw nut group are connected with corresponding sliding blocks, screws in the screw nut group are connected with a servo motor through a coupler, and the servo motor preferably has a brake structure.
The first Z-axis sliding block 2.30 and the second Z-axis sliding block 2.03 are further provided with a first horizontal Y-axis guide rail 2.31 and a second horizontal Y-axis guide rail 2.05 which are parallel to each other, the first Y-axis guide rail 2.31 and the second Y-axis guide rail 2.05 are perpendicular to the X-axis guide rail 1.02, and the directions of the first Y-axis guide rail 2.31 and the second Y-axis guide rail 2.05 are parallel to the feeding direction of a workpiece on the feeding assembly. In addition, a first Y-axis sliding block 2.29 and a second Y-axis sliding block 2.04 are respectively connected to the first Y-axis guide rail 2.31 and the second Y-axis guide rail 2.05 in a sliding mode, and a first Y-axis driving assembly and a second Y-axis driving assembly are respectively connected to the first Y-axis sliding block 2.29 and the second Y-axis sliding block 2.04. The first Y-axis driving assembly can drive the first Y-axis sliding block 2.29 to horizontally slide on the first Y-axis guide rail 2.31, and the second Y-axis driving assembly can drive the second Y-axis sliding block 2.04 to horizontally slide on the second Y-axis guide rail 2.05. And the first Y-axis driving component and the second Y-axis driving component both preferably adopt the same driving structure as the first Z-axis driving component and the second Z-axis driving component. In addition, a first main shaft 2.10 and a second main shaft 2.07 are further mounted on the end portion of the first Y-axis slider 2.29 and the end portion of the second Y-axis slider 2.04 respectively, the first main shaft 2.10 and the second main shaft 2.07 are preferably double-headed main shafts, a first milling cutter 2.09 and a second milling cutter 2.11 are mounted at the head end and the tail end of the first main shaft 2.10 respectively, and a third milling cutter 2.06 and a fourth milling cutter 2.08 are mounted at the head end and the tail end of the second main shaft 2.07 respectively. And the first milling cutter 2.09, the second milling cutter 2.11, the third milling cutter 2.06 and the fourth milling cutter 2.08 preferably adopt saw blade type large-diameter milling cutters so as to meet the requirements of various tenon milling depths.
Therefore, when the machine is used for processing a workpiece, the main cutting motion can be realized by the movement of the tool rest upright post 2.01 in the direction of the X-axis guide rail 1.02; vertical Z-direction positioning of the corresponding milling cutter is realized through vertical movement of the Z-axis sliding block I2.30 and the Z-axis sliding block II 2.03 on the Z-axis guide rail I2.19 and the Z-axis guide rail II 2.02 respectively; the adjustment of the milling tenon depth of the milling cutter is realized through the horizontal movement of the Y-axis sliding block I2.29 and the Y-axis sliding block II 2.04 on the Y-axis guide rail I2.31 and the Y-axis guide rail II 2.05 respectively.
Further, in order to enable the milling machine to perform cutting processing on the workpiece, the invention also preferably provides an overturning component on the first main shaft 2.10 or the second main shaft 2.07, and the overturning component can drive the corresponding main shaft to overturn by 90 degrees in a vertical plane perpendicular to the X-axis guide rail 1.02. Specifically, taking the overturning assembly arranged on the first main shaft 2.10 as an example, the overturning assembly comprises a conversion cylinder 2.23, an overturning shaft and an overturning arm 2.24. One end of the cylinder body of the conversion cylinder 2.23 is hinged to one end, far away from the main shaft I2.10, of the Y-axis sliding block I2.29, one end of the turning arm 2.24 is hinged to one end, close to the main shaft I2.10, of the Y-axis sliding block I2.29, and the other end of the turning arm 2.24 is hinged to the end portion of the piston rod of the conversion cylinder 2.23. The overturning arm 2.24 is also fixedly connected with an overturning shaft, and the overturning shaft is fixedly connected with the first main shaft 2.10. When the piston rod of the conversion cylinder 2.23 extends out, the piston rod can push the turnover arm 2.24 to rotate, so that the turnover shaft is driven to rotate, and the main shaft I2.10 is driven to turn over. Furthermore, an adjusting seat I2.25 and an adjusting seat II 2.27 are further arranged on one side of the turning arm 2.24, a limiting part I2.26 is mounted on one side, close to the turning arm 2.24, of the adjusting seat I2.25, a limiting part II 2.28 is mounted on one side, close to the turning arm 2.24, of the adjusting seat II 2.27, and the limiting part I2.26 and the limiting part II 2.28 are preferably bolts and are mounted on the corresponding adjusting seats through threaded connection; in addition, a first positioning part is arranged at one end of the turnover arm 2.24 close to the conversion cylinder 2.23, and a second positioning part is arranged at one end of the turnover arm 2.24 far away from the conversion cylinder 2.23. When the turning assembly drives the first spindle 2.10 to rotate, and the axis of the first spindle 2.10 is parallel to the first Y-axis guide rail, the first positioning part on the turning arm 2.24 contacts with the first limiting part 2.26, the turning arm 2.24 cannot rotate continuously, and at the moment, the milling cutter on the first spindle 2.10 is in a cutting-off state; when the axis of the first spindle 2.10 is vertical, the second positioning portion on the first turnover arm 2.24 contacts with the second limiting portion 2.28, the second turnover arm 2.24 cannot rotate continuously, and the milling cutter on the first spindle 2.10 is in a tenon milling state.
In addition, the feeding subassembly is including installing feed inlet workstation 3.01 on lathe bed 1.01, the left and right sides of feed inlet workstation 3.01 is provided with feed inlet collateral branch backup pad 3.02, feed inlet collateral branch backup pad 3.02's upper end sets up feed inlet roof 3.03, just feed inlet workstation 3.01, feed inlet collateral branch backup pad 3.02 and feed inlet roof 3.03 constitute a feed inlet. The lower end of the feed inlet is provided with a pneumatic control chamber, and the front side of the pneumatic control chamber is provided with a front pneumatic control chamber door 3.16; the upper end of feed inlet is provided with presses material cylinder 3.06, presses material cylinder 3.06's cylinder body fixed mounting on feed inlet roof 3.03, press material cylinder 3.06's piston rod to move along vertical direction, the tip of pressing material cylinder 3.06's piston rod is provided with clamp plate 3.09, just clamp plate 3.09 can press material cylinder 3.06's piston rod under the drive with the work piece contact on the feed inlet workstation 3.01. In addition, in order to support the workpiece conveniently, an auxiliary feeding support frame 3.17 is preferably arranged on the outer side of the feed port workbench 3.01, and a caster is preferably installed at the lower end of the auxiliary feeding support frame 3.17.
Further, as a preferred option, an inner dust guard 3.14 is fixedly connected to a side of the pressing plate 3.09 close to the processing end of the workpiece, and the size of the inner dust guard 3.14 is adapted to the size of the feed port, specifically, the width of the inner dust guard 3.14 is greater than or equal to the distance between the two feed port side supporting plates 3.02, the height of the inner dust guard 3.14 is greater than or equal to the distance between the feed port worktable 3.01 and the feed port top plate 3.03, the connection manner between the inner dust guard 3.14 and the feed port top plate 3.03 is preferably a sliding connection, and the connection manner between the inner dust guard 3.14 and the feed port side supporting plate 3.02 is preferably a sliding connection. In this way, during the downward movement of the pressure plate 3.09, the inner dust guard 3.14 can slide downward with the pressure plate 3.09 and shield the feed opening, thereby preventing chips, exhaust gas and the like from entering the upper space of the pressure plate 3.09 and flying out.
The pressing plate 3.09 is further provided with a gas blowing hole 3.19 and a gas blowing assembly, wherein the upper portion of the gas blowing hole 3.19 is detachably provided with a gas pipe connector 3.12, the gas blowing assembly comprises a gas distributing block 3.08 and a gas pipe 3.13, the output end of the gas pipe 3.13 is connected with the gas pipe connector 3.12, the input end of the gas pipe 3.13 is connected with the output end of the gas distributing block 3.08, the input end of the gas distributing block 3.08 is connected with a gas source, the gas source connected with the gas distributing block 3.08 and the gas source connected with the material pressing cylinder 3.06 preferably adopt the same gas source, but the gas path between the material pressing cylinder 3.06 and the gas source and the gas path between the gas distributing block 3.08 and the gas source are two different branch gas paths.
One end of the lower surface of the pressing plate 3.09, which is close to the machining end of the workpiece, and one end of the lower surface of the pressing plate, which is far away from the machining end of the workpiece, are both provided with a plastic pad 3.10, wherein the side wall of the plastic pad 3.10, which is close to the machining end of the workpiece, on the side far away from the machining end of the workpiece is set to be an inclined side wall 3.20, and the lower end of the inclined side wall 3.20 inclines towards the direction close to the machining end of the workpiece. In addition, a gap exists between the two plastic pads 3.10, the gap is positioned below the air blowing hole 3.19, and the air blowing hole 3.19 is communicated with the gap between the two plastic pads 3.10. Demountable installation has air curtain deflector 3.11 in the gap between two plastic cushions 3.10, one side that is close to work piece processing end on the air curtain deflector 3.11 sets up to the inclined plane, the lower extreme on inclined plane inclines to the direction that is close to work piece processing end, just the high-pressure gas that air pipe joint 3.12 blew out can just only spray from last downwards and inwards in the slot between inclined plane 3.18 of air curtain deflector 3.11 and the slope lateral wall 3.20 of plastic cushion 3.10, and spun gas forms the air curtain that a lower extreme inclines to the direction that is close to work piece processing end under the effect of inclined plane 3.18 of air curtain deflector 3.11 and the slope lateral wall 3.20 of plastic cushion 3.10 to the cuttings that stop in the course of working and oil smoke etc. fly out.
Furthermore, in order to ensure that the pressure plate 3.09 does not incline during the up-and-down movement process, a guide shaft 3.05 is further arranged on the pressure plate 3.09, a guide hole is arranged on the feed port top plate 3.03, the guide shaft 3.05 penetrates through the guide hole, and a guide bearing 3.04 is preferably arranged between the guide hole and the guide shaft 3.05. Therefore, in the process of moving the pressure plate 3.09 up and down, the pressure plate 3.09 can be vertically guided through the guide shaft 3.05 and the guide hole. Further, in order to ensure that the stress between the pressing plate 3.09 and the workpiece is uniform, preferably, the number of the pressing cylinders 3.06 is at least two, the pressing cylinders 3.06 are sequentially and uniformly arranged on the feed inlet top plate 3.03 along the feeding direction of the workpiece, the end part of a piston rod of each pressing cylinder 3.06 is provided with one pressing plate 3.09, the inner dust baffle 3.14 is arranged on the pressing plate 3.09 closest to the processing end of the workpiece, and each pressing plate 3.09 is provided with a group of air blowing assemblies, so that a plurality of air curtains are formed, and the capability of the air curtains for blocking chips and the waste oil gas from overflowing is greatly improved. In addition, a dust-proof joint plate 3.15 is installed at the gap between the two adjacent pressing plates 3.09, and chips, exhaust gas and the like are prevented from flying out from the gap between the adjacent pressing plates 3.09.
Furthermore, in order to conveniently position the workpiece in the feeding port, a side guide plate 3.07 parallel to the feeding direction is arranged in the feeding port, and the workpiece in the feeding port is positioned in the X-axis guide rail direction through the side guide plate 3.07. The Y-direction positioning plate 2.12 is arranged at one end, close to the workpiece, of the Y-axis sliding block I2.29 or the Y-axis sliding block II 2.04, and the workpiece is positioned in the direction of the Y-axis guide rail through the Y-direction positioning plate 2.12.
Furthermore, as a preferable mode, the invention is also provided with a locating plate shield 2.14 and a shield swing arm 2.15 on the corresponding Y-axis slide block, the locating plate shield 2.14 is arranged on the outer side of the Y-direction locating plate 2.12, and the locating plate shield 2.14 can realize opening action and closing action under the rotation of the shield swing arm 2.15. Specifically, one end of the locating plate shield 2.14 is detachably connected with one end of the shield swing arm 2.15; and a shield rotating seat 2.16 is arranged on the corresponding Y-axis sliding block, a shield rotating shaft 2.17 is arranged on the shield rotating seat 2.16, so that the shield rotating shaft 2.17 is rotatably connected with a shield swinging arm 2.15, and the whole shield swinging arm 2.15 is hinged with the Y-axis sliding block. The shroud revolving base 2.16 is preferably arranged at one end, far away from the corresponding main shaft, of the Y-axis slide block, and the shroud revolving base 2.16 is preferably rotatably connected with one end, far away from the positioning plate shroud 2.14, of the shroud swing arm 2.15. In addition, a rotary driving assembly for driving the shield swing arm 2.15 to rotate around a hinge point between the shield swing arm 2.15 and the corresponding Y-axis slider is also installed on the corresponding Y-axis slider. The rotary driving component is preferably a rotary cylinder 2.18, the cylinder body of the rotary cylinder 2.18 is fixedly arranged on the corresponding Y-axis slide block, and the end part of the piston rod of the rotary cylinder 2.18 is hinged with the shield swing arm 2.15, and is preferably hinged with the middle part of the shield swing arm 2.15. Thus, the shield swing arm 2.15 can be driven to rotate around a hinge point between the shield swing arm 2.15 and the corresponding Y-axis slide block through the extending action or the retracting action of the piston rod in the rotary cylinder 2.18, and the opening or closing action of the positioning plate shield 2.14 is realized. In addition, the rotary driving component can also be a four-bar linkage mechanism or a rotary motor driving mechanism.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. The environment-friendly numerical control five-axis four-milling cutter end face milling machine is characterized by comprising a machine body (1.01), wherein a feeding assembly is arranged on one side of the machine body (1.01), a five-axis four-milling cutter milling assembly is arranged on the other side of the machine body (1.01), a chip collecting box (1.08) is arranged below the five-axis four-milling cutter milling assembly, the five-axis four-milling cutter milling assembly comprises a horizontal X-axis guide rail (1.02) arranged on the machine body (1.01), an X-axis sliding block (1.03) is connected on the X-axis guide rail (1.02) in a sliding manner, a tool rest upright column (2.01) is arranged on the X-axis sliding block (1.03), a vertical Z-axis guide rail I (2.19) and a vertical Z-axis guide rail II (2.02) are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the tool rest upright column (2.01), a Z-axis guide rail I (2.19) and a Z-axis guide rail II (2.02) are respectively connected with a Z-axis sliding block I (2.30) and a Z-axis sliding block II (2.03), the milling cutter is characterized in that a first horizontal Y-axis guide rail (2.31) and a second horizontal Y-axis guide rail (2.05) which are parallel to each other are arranged on the first Z-axis slider (2.30) and the second Z-axis slider (2.03), the first Y-axis guide rail (2.31) and the second Y-axis guide rail (2.05) are perpendicular to the X-axis guide rail (1.02), a first Y-axis slider (2.29) and a second Y-axis slider (2.04) are respectively connected to the first Y-axis guide rail (2.31) and the second Y-axis guide rail (2.05) in a sliding mode, a first main shaft (2.10) and a second main shaft (2.07) are respectively arranged on the end portion of the first Y-axis slider (2.29) and the end portion of the second Y-axis slider (2.04), a first milling cutter (2.09) and a second milling cutter (2.11) are respectively arranged on the head end portion and the tail end portion of the first main shaft (2.10), and the tail end portion of the second main shaft (2.07) are respectively provided with a third milling cutter (2.06) and a fourth milling cutter (2.08) and a milling cutter.
2. The environmentally friendly numerically controlled five-axis four-milling cutter face milling machine according to claim 1, wherein the first spindle (2.10) or the second spindle (2.07) is provided with a turnover assembly capable of driving the corresponding spindle to turn 90 degrees in a vertical plane perpendicular to the X-axis guide rail (1.02).
3. The environment-friendly numerical control five-axis four-milling cutter end face milling machine according to claim 2, wherein a first adjusting seat (2.25) and a second adjusting seat (2.27) are arranged on the first Y-axis slide block (2.29), the first adjusting seat (2.25) and the second adjusting seat (2.27) are arranged on one side of the turnover assembly, a first limiting part (2.26) is arranged on the first adjusting seat (2.25), and a second limiting part (2.28) is arranged on the second adjusting seat (2.27); a first positioning part and a second positioning part are arranged on the turnover assembly; when the axis of the first main shaft (2.10) is parallel to the first Y-axis guide rail, a first positioning part on the turnover assembly is contacted with a first limiting part (2.26), and the turnover assembly cannot rotate continuously; when the axis of the first main shaft (2.10) is in a vertical state, the second positioning part on the turnover assembly is in contact with the second limiting part (2.28), and the turnover assembly cannot rotate continuously.
4. The environment-friendly numerically-controlled five-axis four-milling cutter face milling machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the feeding assembly comprises a feeding port workbench (3.01) mounted on the machine body (1.01), feeding port side supporting plates (3.02) are arranged on the left side and the right side of the feeding port workbench (3.01), a feeding port top plate (3.03) is arranged at the upper end of each feeding port side supporting plate (3.02), and the feeding port workbench (3.01), the feeding port side supporting plates (3.02) and the feeding port top plate (3.03) form a feeding port; the upper end of feed inlet is provided with presses material cylinder (3.06), presses the cylinder body fixed mounting of material cylinder (3.06) on feed inlet roof (3.03), the piston rod of pressing material cylinder (3.06) moves along vertical direction, the tip of the piston rod of pressing material cylinder (3.06) is provided with clamp plate (3.09), clamp plate (3.09) can press the drive of the piston rod of material cylinder (3.06) down with the work piece contact on feed inlet workstation (3.01).
5. The environment-friendly numerically-controlled five-axis four-milling cutter end face milling machine according to claim 4, wherein an inner dust guard (3.14) for shielding the feed port is fixedly connected to one side of the pressure plate (3.09) close to the machining end of the workpiece, and the size of the inner dust guard (3.14) is matched with that of the feed port.
6. The environment-friendly type numerical control five-axis four-milling cutter end face milling machine according to claim 5, characterized in that a gas blowing hole (3.19) is arranged on the pressure plate (3.09), a gas pipe connector (3.12) is detachably mounted at the upper part of the gas blowing hole (3.19), and the gas pipe connector (3.12) is connected with a gas blowing component; one end, close to the machining end of the workpiece, of the lower surface of the pressing plate (3.09) and one end, far away from the machining end of the workpiece, of the pressing plate are respectively provided with a plastic pad (3.10), wherein the side wall, far away from the machining end of the workpiece, of the plastic pad (3.10), close to the machining end of the workpiece, of one side is set to be an inclined side wall (3.20), and the lower end of the inclined side wall (3.20) is inclined towards the direction close to the machining end of the workpiece; a gap is formed between the two plastic pads (3.10), the gap is positioned below the air blowing hole, and the air blowing hole is communicated with the gap between the two plastic pads (3.10); an air curtain guide plate (3.11) is detachably mounted in a gap between the two plastic cushions (3.10), an inclined plane (3.18) is arranged on one side, close to the processing end of the workpiece, of the air curtain guide plate (3.11), and the lower end of the inclined plane (3.18) inclines towards the direction close to the processing end of the workpiece; the air blown out by the air pipe joint (3.12) can be sprayed out from a gap between the inclined surface (3.18) of the air curtain guide plate (3.11) and the inclined side wall (3.20) of the plastic pad (3.10).
7. The environment-friendly numerical control five-axis four-milling cutter end face milling machine according to claim 6, wherein the number of the swaging cylinders (3.06) is at least two, the swaging cylinders (3.06) are sequentially and uniformly arranged on the feed inlet top plate (3.03) along the workpiece feeding direction, a pressing plate (3.09) is arranged at the end part of a piston rod of each swaging cylinder (3.06), a group of air blowing assemblies are arranged on each pressing plate (3.09), the inner dust blocking plate (3.14) is arranged on the pressing plate (3.09) closest to the workpiece machining end, and a dust blocking plate (3.15) is arranged at a gap between two adjacent pressing plates (3.09).
8. The environment-friendly type NC five-axis four-milling cutter end face milling machine according to claim 4, wherein a side guide plate (3.07) for positioning the workpiece in the X-axis guide rail (1.02) direction is arranged in the feed port, and a Y-direction positioning plate (2.12) for positioning the workpiece in the Y-axis guide rail one (2.31) direction is arranged at one end of the Y-axis slider one (2.29) or the Y-axis slider two (2.04) close to the workpiece.
9. The environment-friendly type NC five-axis four-milling cutter end face milling machine according to claim 8, further comprising a positioning plate shield (2.14) and a shield swing arm (2.15), wherein the positioning plate shield (2.14) is located at the outer side of the Y-direction positioning plate (2.12), one end of the positioning plate shield (2.14) is connected with one end of the shield swing arm (2.15), the shield swing arm (2.15) is hinged to a corresponding slide block, the shield swing arm (2.15) is further connected with a rotary driving assembly, and the rotary driving assembly can drive the shield swing arm (2.15) to rotate around a hinge point between the shield swing arm (2.15) and the corresponding slide block.
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