CN113876819A - Application of Ganoderma lucidum decoction in treating goose-paste muscarine poisoning - Google Patents
Application of Ganoderma lucidum decoction in treating goose-paste muscarine poisoning Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/06—Fungi, e.g. yeasts
- A61K36/07—Basidiomycota, e.g. Cryptococcus
- A61K36/074—Ganoderma
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0087—Galenical forms not covered by A61K9/02 - A61K9/7023
- A61K9/0095—Drinks; Beverages; Syrups; Compositions for reconstitution thereof, e.g. powders or tablets to be dispersed in a glass of water; Veterinary drenches
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P39/00—General protective or antinoxious agents
- A61P39/02—Antidotes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
- A61K2236/331—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using water, e.g. cold water, infusion, tea, steam distillation, decoction
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Abstract
The invention discloses an application of ganoderma lucidum decoction in treating drug in amanita and muscarine poisoning; the alpha-amatoxin poisoning in the amanita toxicata has obvious treatment effect on the injury of the heart, the liver and the kidney, can obviously reduce the death rate and has obvious protection effect on important organs of the organism; has obvious curative effect on the amaurosis muscarine poisoning.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of drugs for treating amanitic muscarinic, and particularly relates to application of ganoderma lucidum decoction in treating the amanitic muscarinic.
Background
Amanita toxicum is also called as Acronychia viridis, Amanita phalloidea, Allium sativum, etc.; the bacterium contains toxopeptide and clitocystin, the incubation period after poisoning is as long as about 24 hours, nausea, vomit, abdominal pain and diarrhea at the initial stage of onset can be relieved, and 1-2 days of symptoms can be relieved, but the toxin can already damage important organs such as liver, kidney, heart and the like; multiple organ failure may occur in severe cases;
the main toxic substance in the amanita toxicata is a polypeptide substance called alpha-amatoxin, and the number of the alpha-amatoxin poisoning people in the amanita toxicata accounts for 90 percent of that in all wild fungi; it mainly causes liver and kidney injury; alpha-amatoxin poisoning has no specific medicine for a while, and the death rate is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention treats the amanita toxicosis by using the ganoderma lucidum decoction;
in order to achieve the technical effects, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the application of Ganoderma lucidum decoction in treating drug in amanita and muscarine poisoning;
preferably, the preparation method of the ganoderma lucidum decoction comprises the following steps:
s1: pulverizing 2000g of Ganoderma lucidum into coarse powder, and packaging with gauze bags, each bag containing 100g of Ganoderma lucidum;
s2: soaking in 3000ml water, boiling for 30min, filtering with 4 layers of gauze, and collecting filtrate;
s3: concentrating the filtrate to 2000ml again to obtain Ganoderma lucidum decoction with crude drug concentration of 100%;
s4: collecting 500ml of 100% Ganoderma lucidum decoction in S3, and concentrating the rest 1500ml to 500ml to obtain 300% Ganoderma lucidum decoction;
preferably, the ganoderma lucidum decoction has a protective effect on liver, kidney and heart injuries caused by amanitis muscarinic.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention combines the clinical curative effect and the animal experiment of the protection effect of the ganoderma lucidum decoction on the liver, the kidney and the heart, and the two results are unified, thereby showing that the ganoderma lucidum decoction has obvious treatment effect on the goose paste muscarinosis, can obviously reduce the death rate and has obvious protection effect on important organs of organisms such as the liver, the kidney, the heart, the brain and the like; has obvious curative effect on the amaurosis muscarine poisoning.
Detailed Description
In order to further explain the technical scheme and effect of the invention, the following embodiments are used for detailed description.
Example 1
The application of Ganoderma lucidum decoction in treating drug in amanita and muscarine poisoning;
preferably, the preparation method of the ganoderma lucidum decoction comprises the following steps:
s1: pulverizing 2000g of Ganoderma lucidum into coarse powder, and packaging with gauze bags, each bag containing 100g of Ganoderma lucidum;
s2: soaking in 3000ml water, boiling for 30min, filtering with 4 layers of gauze, and collecting filtrate;
s3: concentrating the filtrate to 2000ml again to obtain Ganoderma lucidum decoction with crude drug concentration of 100%;
s4: collecting 500ml of 100% Ganoderma lucidum decoction in S3, and concentrating the rest 1500ml to 500ml to obtain 300% Ganoderma lucidum decoction;
preferably, the ganoderma lucidum decoction has a protective effect on liver, kidney and heart injuries caused by amanitis muscarinic.
Example 2
The red ganoderma decoction has the effect of protecting the heart;
preparation of the experiment: freezing the amatoxin liquid with the concentration of 400mg/ml for later use; the ganoderma lucidum decoction prepared according to the preparation method in the example 1 is concentrated to a concentration of 3 g/ml; new Zealand rabbits weighing 2 + -0.5 kg; feeding at room temperature, freely taking food, drinking water, and quantitatively feeding each rabbit once in the morning and afternoon; continuously feeding for 5 days without water limitation;
grouping experiments: 20 male and female New Zealand rabbits with the same health condition are taken, randomly divided into 4 groups, and respectively: normal control group, toxic bacteria treatment group, Ganoderma treatment group I, and Ganoderma treatment group II; except for the normal control group, the other three groups are given amatoxin by gavage, and the dosage is 100 mg/kg;
the experimental method comprises the following steps: ganoderma treatment group I: performing intragastric administration according to 20g/kg Ganoderma decoction for 5 days; ganoderma treatment group II: performing intragastric administration according to 60g/kg Ganoderma decoction for 5 days; the normal control group and the toxic bacteria treatment group are given equal volume of 0.9% sodium chloride solution with the concentration of 20 ml/kg;
blood is drawn before the experiment, 48 hours and 120 hours after the experiment begins, and the blood is immediately placed in an environment of 4 ℃ for freezing and preservation after the serum is separated; the myocardial enzyme activity is measured by Hitachi 7170 automatic biochemical analyzer at the same day of experiment, which comprises the following steps: serum aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), serum Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), alpha-hydroxybutyrate (alpha-HBDH), Creatine Kinase (CK), creatine kinase isozyme (CKMB);
at the end of the experiment, the rabbits were sacrificed, the hearts were removed and fixed with 4% formalin for morphological examination;
the experimental results are as follows: 1) survival of intoxicated animals and integration of intoxication response: the toxophilic bacteria treatment group dies one animal respectively on the 4 th day and the 5 th day after the toxification, and survives 3 animals, the appetite and the activity of the animals are obviously worse than those of other groups by observing the poisoning behaviors of the animals, and the color depth of sclera and urine is higher than that of a normal control group; no animal in the ganoderma lucidum treatment group I or the ganoderma lucidum treatment group II dies, so that the toxic reaction symptom of the animal can be remarkably relieved;
2) myocardial enzyme activity change of poisoned animals: the activity of each enzyme of the cardiac muscle of the poisoning model group is generally increased after the poisoning on day 2 compared with that of the control group, and the increase is more obvious on day 5, which shows that the amatoxin has obvious damage effect on the cardiac muscle of the rabbit; in 2 days of experiment, the ganoderma lucidum treatment group I and the ganoderma lucidum treatment group II can both obviously reduce the activity of each myocardial enzyme and show a dose dependence tendency;
3) observation of myocardial morphology: a. the volume of the heart of the normal control group is not reduced or increased; the myocardial cells under the light microscope have no obvious denaturation and necrosis change; b. the volume of the macroscopic heart of the toxin treatment group is increased; under the light microscope, the cardiac muscle is turbid and swollen, the small focus cardiac muscle coagulates and necroses, and the necrotic focus is infiltrated by the neutrophils; c. ganoderma treatment group I: no significant reduction or increase in heart volume; under the light microscope, small focal myocardial cell degeneration and necrosis change are occasionally seen, inflammatory cell infiltration exists in a necrosis focus, and a small amount of myocardial cell hyperplasia and fibrous connective tissue increase; d. ganoderma treatment group II: the heart volume can be seen to be increased by naked eyes, a small amount of myocardial cells are proliferated under a light microscope, fibrous connective tissues are obviously increased, and degeneration and necrosis are not obviously changed.
Example 3
The protection effect of the ganoderma lucidum decoction on the liver and the kidney;
preparation of the experiment: dissolving alpha-amatoxin 1mg with 50ml of normal saline, uniformly mixing for 1min to prepare alpha-amatoxin solution with the concentration of 1mg/50 ml; 2 ml/piece of ganoderma spore polysaccharide injection is purchased from Beijing cooperative pharmaceutical factory and diluted by physiological saline for injection for 5 times;
48 healthy male mice, clean grade, body weight 30 + -5 g;
grouping experiments: after 3 days of adaptive feeding of the mice, randomly dividing 48 mice into a blank group, a toxin model group and a lingpo polysaccharide treatment group 1-4, wherein each group comprises 8 mice;
the experimental method comprises the following steps: all mice were weighed every morning and body weight data recorded beginning of the experiment; the blank experiment was performed by injecting 0.5mL of saline into the abdominal cavity in the morning, and injecting 0.5mL of saline into the abdominal cavity 4h after molding, 1 time daily, and continuously for 3 days. Toxin module and ganoderan treatment 1-4 groups of experiments: the first morning of the experiment was intraperitoneally injected with 17.5mL/kg of the prepared alpha-amatoxin solution. After the toxic module is molded, 0.5mL of normal saline is injected into the abdominal cavity 4h, 1 time a day and 3 days continuously. The preparation method comprises respectively injecting Ganoderma spore polysaccharide 0.5, 1.0, 2.O and 4.0mL/kg (diluted respectively to be 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 and 20.0mL/kg) into abdominal cavity 4h after 1-4 groups of modeling, 1 time per day, and continuously for 3 days. After the mice are weighed in the experiment for 72h, blood is taken by an eyeball removal method (blood can be taken from bilateral eyeballs) and sent for biochemical examination. Dissecting dead animal, separating and picking liver and kidney, slightly rinsing with physiological saline, sucking water from viscera surface with gauze, weighing, recording data, and performing pathological examination on liver and kidney tissue.
The experimental results are as follows: 1) behavioral performance and survival status: the toxic module mice have poor behavioral performance, reduced alertness, listlessness, sleep preference, reduced autonomic activity, less struggle and strength when being captured, and reduced food intake compared with the blank mice. After the treatment of the ganoderma spore polysaccharide, the mice in each treatment group have better behavioral performance, good mental state, proper autonomous activity and high alertness, struggle and have proper strength when being captured, and the food intake is increased compared with that in the model group, especially 2 groups and 3 groups. The blank group of mice behaved normally. Mice survived within 72h of the blank, toxin and treatment groups. 2) Biochemical index results: after the mice are injected with alpha-amatoxin in the abdominal cavity for 72 hours, the toxic modules ALT, AST, BUN and SCR are obviously increased compared with the blank groups, after different doses of prodigiosin are injected in the abdominal cavity for 3 days, the toxic modules ALT and AST of each treatment group are obviously reduced, the toxic modules BUN and SCR are also reduced, and the difference is significant. 3) Pathological change of liver tissue: a blank group: the hepatic lobule structure is complete, the hepatic cell cords are arranged orderly, and the cytoplasm and the nucleus are normal. b, a virus module: unclear hepatic lobular structure, disorder of hepatic cell cords, cellular edema, partial vacuole-like change, solid shrinkage of cell nucleus, infiltration of inflammatory cells in the junction area and hepatic lobules, and increase of macrophages. Treatment 1 group: the lobular structure of the liver is basically complete, the liver cell cords are arranged regularly, the cells are basically normal, part of the cells are slightly edematous, and the macrophages are increased. Treatment 2 groups: the lobular structure of the liver is basically complete, the liver cell cords are arranged regularly, the cells are basically normal, the individual cells have slight edema and the macrophages are increased. e treatment of group 3: the lobular structure of the liver is basically complete, the liver cell cords are arranged regularly, the cells are basically normal, the individual cells have slight edema and the macrophages are increased. Treatment 4 groups: the structure of the liver lobule is complete, the structure of the liver cell cord is fuzzy, part of cells have slight edema and vacuole-like change, the cell nucleus has slight solid shrinkage, and the macrophages are increased. 4) Pathological change of kidney tissue: a blank group: the glomerulus and the renal tubule have clear structures, the proportion of the sacculus cavity is moderate, and no cast or particles are seen in the renal tubule. b, a virus module: glomerulus is fixed and contracted, the sacculus cavity is narrowed, the renal tubules have swelling and necrosis, vacuole-like changes, the proximal tubules have tubular proteins, individual renal tubular epithelial cells disappear, and only basement membrane and basal tissues are left. c treatment group i: the glomeruli are slightly constricted, the sacculus cavity is narrowed, the renal tubules are thinned, the structure is incomplete, and the individual glomeruli are basically normal. Treatment 2 groups: the structure of glomerulus is basically clear, the proportion of the sacculus cavity is basically moderate, the structure of individual renal tubules is loose and incomplete, and epithelial cells and basement membrane are exfoliated. e treatment of group 3: the structure of glomerulus is basically clear, the proportion of the sacculus cavity is basically moderate, the structure of individual renal tubules is loose and incomplete, and epithelial cells and basement membranes are exfoliated. Treatment 4 groups: the glomerular structure is basically clear, the proportion of the sacculus cavity is normal, the renal tubules are thinned, part of the renal tubules are swollen, and the structure is incomplete.
Claims (3)
1. Application of Ganoderma lucidum decoction in treating drug in Amazonian muscarinic is provided.
2. The application of the ganoderma lucidum decoction for treating the drug in amanita muscarine poisoning according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the ganoderma lucidum decoction comprises the following steps:
s1: pulverizing 2000g of Ganoderma lucidum into coarse powder, and packaging with gauze bags, each bag containing 100g of Ganoderma lucidum;
s2: soaking in 3000ml water, boiling for 30min, filtering with 4 layers of gauze, and collecting filtrate;
s3: concentrating the filtrate to 2000ml again to obtain Ganoderma lucidum decoction with crude drug concentration of 100%;
s4: collecting 500ml of 100% Ganoderma lucidum decoction in S3, and concentrating the rest 1500ml to 500ml to obtain 300% Ganoderma lucidum decoction.
3. The use of Ganoderma lucidum decoction for treating goose paste muscarinic toxicant as claimed in claim 1, wherein said Ganoderma lucidum decoction has protective effect on liver, kidney and heart injury caused by goose paste muscarinic toxicant.
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Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 杨宁: "灵芝煎剂治疗急性鹅膏毒蕈中毒的实验研究", 《中国优秀博硕士学位论文全文数据库（硕士）医药卫生科技辑》 * |
| 杨瑛: "灵芝对鹅膏菌毒素所致肝心损伤的保护作用研究", 《中国优秀博硕士学位论文全文数据库（硕士）医药卫生科技辑》 * |
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