CN113866277A - Nondestructive testing method for pile forming quality of large-diameter secant pile - Google Patents
Nondestructive testing method for pile forming quality of large-diameter secant pile Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nondestructive testing method for pile forming quality of a large-diameter secant pile, which comprises eight steps of selecting a construction position, preparing concrete and a reinforcement cage, preparing for drilling, drilling a pile hole at one time, constructing a plain concrete pile, drilling a pile hole at the second time, constructing a reinforced concrete pile and testing the quality. The method for nondestructive testing of pile forming quality of the secant pile only uses the sound wave projection method to carry out pile forming quality testing on all plain concrete piles and reinforced concrete piles of the secant pile, has the advantages of convenient operation method, high testing speed, high precision, lower testing result, trueness and reliability in the dynamic testing method, and truly realizes nondestructive testing compared with the damage to the pile body caused by the coring method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of constructional engineering, and particularly relates to a nondestructive testing method for pile forming quality of a large-diameter secant pile.
Background
The secant pile is formed by embedding part of circumferences of adjacent concrete row piles, and arranging a reinforcement cage in the piles constructed in the subsequent sequence, so that an integral continuous waterproof and soil retaining enclosure structure with good seepage-proofing effect is formed. In order to ensure that the finished pile foundation main body structure has better integrity so as to achieve the good waterproof and anti-leakage functions, pile-forming quality inspection is carried out after the secant pile construction is completed. And for the pile foundation engineering with the first-level building pile foundation and complicated geological conditions or low pore-forming quality and reliability, pile body integrity detection is required. The conventional detection method can adopt a low-strain dynamic measurement method, the large-diameter pile can also adopt a drilling coring method, a pre-buried pipe (ultrasonic detection method, sound wave transmission method) and other methods, and the detection quantity can be determined according to the specification or by design, supervision and owner parties according to specific conditions. The construction arrangement mode of the secant pile is that a plain concrete pile (A pile) and a reinforced concrete pile (B pile) are arranged at intervals, during construction, the pile A is constructed firstly, the pile B is constructed later, the construction of the pile B is completed after the concrete of the pile A is initially set and before the concrete is finally set, and the concrete of the intersection part of the adjacent piles A is cut off during the construction of the pile B, so that the secant is realized.
The conventional method for detecting pile forming quality and pile body integrity of the secant pile at present comprises the following steps: the integrity of the pile body of the plain concrete pile and the integrity of the reinforced concrete pile are detected by adopting a low-strain dynamic measurement method, and meanwhile, the pile length is detected by adopting a core drilling method and the length of a foundation pile reinforcement cage is detected by adopting a magnetic logging method so as to verify the pile length. However, in the process of forming the hole by the secant pile through rotary excavation, the reinforced concrete pile and the plain concrete pile are mutually secant and belong to hard cutting, and under the action of the torque force of the drill bit, the plain concrete pile body is partially cut. Meanwhile, after the secant pile is formed, because the reinforced concrete pile and the plain concrete pile are integrally formed, and the plain concrete pile body is locally damaged after the secant pile is formed, the pile diameter is greatly reduced, and if a low-strain dynamic test method is adopted to detect the integrity of the plain concrete pile body, the diameter expansion of the plain concrete pile is also one of important factors influencing the detection result. To adopting the coring method to detect plain concrete pile body integrality, because plain concrete pile body destruction can cause after coring drilling, coring position becomes seepage hidden danger point, and to being close to the sea engineering, the infiltration hidden danger is very big: in addition, if the plain concrete pile body is longer and smaller in size, coring is easy to deviate, so that a drill hole can enter the reinforced concrete pile, and the integrity of a reinforcement cage and the reinforced concrete pile body is damaged. Therefore, the coring method is not suitable for detecting the plain concrete pile body in the occlusive pile. Because plain concrete pile mainly used stagnant water does not bear the major structure load, and its atress is less, and diameter size reduces after plain concrete pile interlock, according to the standard requirement, when pile body diameter is less than 70cm, can not do the detection, and plain concrete pile mainly used stagnant water, consequently, can not do the detection to the plain concrete pile body integrality of minor diameter under general condition, and will do plain concrete pile body integrality and detect when pile body diameter is greater than 70 cm.
In summary, due to the special influence of the pile forming method of the secant pile, if the integrity of the plain concrete pile body is detected by adopting a low-strain dynamic measurement method, the measurement result deviation is often larger, or limited measurement data information cannot be acquired, and the core taking method is adopted to damage the pile body structure, so that the safety of the whole structure of the secant pile is possibly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a nondestructive testing method for the pile forming quality of a large-diameter secant pile, and solves the problems that due to the special influence of a secant pile forming construction method, if the integrity of a plain concrete pile body is detected by a low-strain dynamic testing method, the detection result is large in deviation, or limited measurement data information cannot be acquired, and the safety of the whole structure of the secant pile is possibly influenced due to the damage of a core taking method to the pile body structure.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a nondestructive testing method for pile forming quality of a large-diameter secant pile comprises the following specific steps:
s1: selecting a construction position: and according to the display of the construction drawing, selecting the construction position of the occlusive pile on site, and marking.
S2: preparing concrete and a reinforcement cage: the concrete raw materials are placed into a concrete mixer to be mixed to prepare concrete, and steel bars are bound through steel wires to prepare a steel bar cage.
S3: drilling preparation: and determining the position of the steel pile casing according to the construction position of the secant pile selected in the step S1, scribing, constructing the concrete steel pile casing, placing a drilling machine at the top of the steel pile casing after the concrete steel pile casing is solidified, ensuring the stability of the drilling machine, and ensuring the accurate positioning of the drilling hole of the secant pile.
S4: drilling a pile hole for one time: the secant pile adopts a drilling machine to dig holes, in addition, in order to reduce the influence of hole stringing, a jumping excavation method is adopted during construction, namely interval construction is carried out, the distance between pile foundations constructed before and after is ensured not to be smaller than a safe distance, when the requirements can not be met, construction of an adjacent pile foundation is carried out after a pile is formed for 48 hours, and the hole depth is measured and the deficient soil is removed after drilling is finished.
S5: construction of plain concrete piles: and (3) after the plain concrete pile hole is drilled in the step S4, pouring the concrete prepared in the step S2 into the plain concrete pile hole, and forming a plain concrete pile Ai after the concrete is solidified (i takes 1,2 and 3.).
S6: and (3) secondary drilling of a pile hole: the secant pile adopts a drilling machine to dig holes, in addition, in order to reduce the influence of hole stringing, a jumping excavation method is adopted during construction, namely interval construction is carried out, the distance between pile foundations constructed before and after is ensured not to be smaller than a safe distance, when the requirements can not be met, construction of an adjacent pile foundation is carried out after a pile is formed for 48 hours, and the hole depth is measured and the deficient soil is removed after drilling is finished.
S7: and (3) construction of the reinforced concrete pile: after drilling a reinforced concrete pile hole in the step S4, hoisting the reinforcement cage prepared in the step S2 inside the reinforced concrete pile hole, at the moment, arranging acoustic pipes Ck (k takes 1,2, 3.) in the reinforcement cage according to detection requirements, arranging 4 acoustic pipes equidistantly along the whole circumference of the cross section of the pile body for a large-diameter pile (the diameter is more than 1.2m), arranging 3 acoustic pipes equidistantly and simultaneously when the diameter of the pile is less than 1.2m, pouring concrete after the reinforcement cage is lowered, and forming a reinforced concrete pile Bj (j takes 1,2, 3.) after the concrete is solidified.
S8: and (3) quality detection: the method comprises the steps that sound waves are projected into a pre-buried sound measuring pipe Ck (k takes 1,2, 3.) to detect the integrity of the whole pile body of the occlusive pile and the pile length, when the integrity of the pile body and the pile length of a plain concrete pile Ai are detected, the sound waves are projected into the pre-buried sound measuring pipes which are adjacent to each other, and when the integrity of the pile body and the pile length of a reinforced concrete pile Bj are detected, the sound waves are projected into the pre-buried sound measuring pipes which are adjacent to four corners.
Preferably, the mixture ratio of the concrete prepared in the step S2 and the concrete prepared in the reinforcement cage is as follows: water: cement: sand: the stone was 0.51:1:1.81:3.68 and the steel bar type used to make the steel bar cage was Q235.
Preferably, the drilling machine adopted in the steps S4 and S6 is a rotary drilling rig.
Preferably, the safety distance between the pile foundations in the steps S4 and S6 is four times the pile diameter, when drilling the reinforced concrete pile hole, the plain concrete piles Ai (i 1,2, 3.) inside two adjacent plain concrete pile holes need to be drilled after forming, and when constructing, the concrete at the intersection part of the adjacent plain concrete piles Ai (i 1,2, 3.) needs to be cut off.
Preferably, the construction sequence of pile hole drilling in the steps S4 and S6 is as follows: a1 → A3 → A5 → A2 → B1 → B2 → A4 → B3 → B4 … (wherein Ai represents a plain concrete pile, i takes 1,2, 3...; Bj represents a reinforced concrete pile, j takes 1,2, 3..).
Preferably, the plain concrete pile prepared by the construction of the plain concrete pile in the step S5 and the reinforced concrete pile prepared by the construction of the reinforced concrete pile in the step S7 are both cylindrical, and the diameter of the cross section of the plain concrete pile is the same as that of the cross section of the reinforced concrete pile.
Preferably, the center lines of the plain concrete pile prepared by the construction of the plain concrete pile in the step S5 and the reinforced concrete pile prepared by the construction of the reinforced concrete pile in the step S7 are on the same plane, and the center distances of any adjacent plain concrete pile and the reinforced concrete pile are the same.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention can pre-embed the sound measuring tubes by the method, further detect the integral pile body integrity and the pile length of the secant pile, can detect the pile forming quality of a reinforced concrete pile B1 by pre-embedding the sound measuring tubes C1, C2, C3 and C4, can detect the pile forming quality of a plain concrete pile A2 by pre-embedding the sound measuring tubes C2 and the sound measuring tubes C8, … …, and so on, can detect the pile body integrity and the pile length of all the plain concrete piles Ai in the secant pile by using the two adjacent pre-embedding sound measuring tubes, and can detect the pile body integrity and the pile length of all the reinforced concrete piles Bj in the secant pile by using the pre-embedding sound measuring tubes arranged adjacently at four corners.
2. The method for nondestructive testing of pile forming quality of the secant pile only uses a sound wave projection method to carry out pile forming quality testing on all plain concrete piles and reinforced concrete piles of the secant pile, and can detect the integral pile body integrity and the pile length of the secant pile only by arranging a sound testing tube during construction of the reinforced concrete pile Bj and then transmitting sound waves into the embedded sound testing tube Ck during forming of the reinforced concrete pile Bj; when serious defects such as looseness, honeycombs, holes and the like exist in the pile, wave scattering and diffraction are generated, the compactness parameters of the pile in a test area range can be obtained according to the initial arrival time of the waves and the characteristics such as the energy attenuation characteristics, the frequency change, the waveform distortion degree and the like of the waves, the ultrasonic dynamic characteristics of different test surfaces and different heights can be tested and recorded, and the reference strength of the pile in the test area and the property, the size and the spatial position of the defect in the pile can be judged through processing and analysis.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of burying of a large-diameter secant pile body integrity detection sounding pipe of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-2, a nondestructive testing method for pile forming quality of a large-diameter secant pile comprises the following specific steps:
s1: selecting a construction position: and according to the display of the construction drawing, selecting the construction position of the occlusive pile on site, and marking.
S2: preparing concrete and a reinforcement cage: the concrete raw materials are placed into a concrete mixer to be mixed to prepare concrete, and the steel bars are bound through steel wires to prepare a steel reinforcement cage, wherein the concrete is prepared from the following materials in proportion: water: cement: sand: the stone was 0.51:1:1.81:3.68 and the steel bar type used to make the steel bar cage was Q235.
S3: drilling preparation: and determining the position of the steel pile casing according to the construction position of the secant pile selected in the step S1, scribing, constructing the concrete steel pile casing, placing a drilling machine at the top of the steel pile casing after the concrete steel pile casing is solidified, ensuring the stability of the drilling machine, and ensuring the accurate positioning of the drilling hole of the secant pile.
S4: drilling a pile hole for one time: the secant pile adopts a drilling machine to dig holes, wherein the drilling machine is a rotary drilling type drilling machine, in addition, in order to reduce the influence of hole crossing, a jumping excavation method is adopted during construction, namely, interval construction is carried out, the distance between pile foundations constructed before and after is not smaller than a safety distance, the safety distance is four times of the diameter of the pile, when the requirements cannot be met, construction of an adjacent pile foundation needs to be carried out after a pile is formed for 48 hours, and after the hole is drilled, the hole depth is measured and the deficient soil is removed.
S5: construction of plain concrete piles: and (3) after the plain concrete pile hole is drilled in the step S4, pouring the concrete prepared in the step S2 into the plain concrete pile hole, and forming a plain concrete pile Ai after the concrete is solidified (i takes 1,2 and 3.).
S6: and (3) secondary drilling of a pile hole: the secant pile adopts the rig to dig the hole, wherein the rig is for digging the formula rig soon, in addition for reducing the cluster hole influence, adopt "jump dig the method" during the construction, interval construction promptly, guarantee that the pile foundation interval of construction before and after is not less than safe distance, safe distance is four pile diameters, when unable satisfying above-mentioned requirement, need carry out the construction of neighbouring pile foundation again after forming 48 hours, measure the hole depth and clear away the virtual soil after the drilling is accomplished, in addition need wait to bore when getting reinforced concrete pile hole inside two adjacent plain concrete pile holes Ai (i get 1,2, 3), carry out the drilling after shaping, and need cut off the adjacent plain concrete pile Ai (i get 1 during the construction, 2,3. A1 → A3 → A5 → A2 → B1 → B2 → A4 → B3 → B4 … (wherein Ai represents a plain concrete pile, i takes 1,2, 3...; Bj represents a reinforced concrete pile, j takes 1,2, 3..).
S7: and (3) construction of the reinforced concrete pile: after the reinforced concrete pile hole is drilled in the step S4, the reinforcement cage prepared in the step S2 is hung in the reinforced concrete pile hole, at the moment, an acoustic pipe Ck (k is 1,2, 3.) is arranged in the reinforcement cage according to the detection requirement, for large-diameter piles (the diameter is more than 1.2m), 4 sounding pipes are required to be arranged at equal intervals along the whole circumference of the cross section of a pile body, when the diameter of the pile is less than 1.2m, 3 sounding pipes are arranged at equal intervals, concrete is poured after a reinforcement cage is put down, a reinforced concrete pile Bj (1, 2, 3.) is formed after the concrete is solidified, the plain concrete pile and the reinforced concrete pile are cylindrical, the diameter of the cross section of the plain concrete pile is the same as that of the cross section of the reinforced concrete pile, the center lines of the plain concrete pile and the reinforced concrete pile are on the same plane, and the center distances of any adjacent plain concrete pile and any adjacent reinforced concrete pile are the same.
S8: and (3) quality detection: the method comprises the steps of projecting sound waves into an embedded sound measuring tube Ck (k takes 1,2, 3.) to detect the integrity of the whole pile body and the length of the occlusive pile, when detecting the integrity of the pile body and the length of a plain concrete pile Ai, projecting the sound waves into every two adjacent embedded sound measuring tubes, and when detecting the integrity of the pile body and the length of a reinforced concrete pile Bj, projecting the sound waves into the embedded sound measuring tubes adjacent to four corners.
The working principle of the technical scheme is as follows: the invention can pre-embed the sound measuring tubes by the method, further detect the integral pile body integrity and the pile length of the secant pile, can detect the pile forming quality of a reinforced concrete pile B1 by pre-embedding the sound measuring tubes C1, C2, C3 and C4, can detect the pile forming quality of a plain concrete pile A2 by pre-embedding the sound measuring tubes C2 and the sound measuring tubes C8, … …, and so on, can detect the pile body integrity and the pile length of all the plain concrete piles Ai in the secant pile by using the two adjacent pre-embedding sound measuring tubes, and can detect the pile body integrity and the pile length of all the reinforced concrete piles Bj in the secant pile by using the pre-embedding sound measuring tubes arranged adjacently at four corners. The pile-forming quality nondestructive detection method for the secant pile only uses a sound wave projection method to detect the pile-forming quality of all plain concrete piles and reinforced concrete piles of the secant pile, and can detect the integral pile body integrity and the pile length of the secant pile only by arranging a sound detection pipe during construction of the reinforced concrete pile Bj and transmitting sound waves into the embedded sound detection pipe Ck during forming of the reinforced concrete pile Bj; when serious defects such as looseness, honeycombs, holes and the like exist in the pile, wave scattering and diffraction are generated, the compactness parameters of the pile in a test area range can be obtained according to the initial arrival time of the waves and the characteristics such as the energy attenuation characteristics, the frequency change, the waveform distortion degree and the like of the waves, the ultrasonic dynamic characteristics of different test surfaces and different heights can be tested and recorded, and the reference strength of the pile in the test area and the property, the size and the spatial position of the defect in the pile can be judged through processing and analysis.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. A pile-forming quality nondestructive testing method for a large-diameter secant pile is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1: selecting a construction position: according to the display of a construction drawing, selecting a construction position of the secant pile on site, and marking;
s2: preparing concrete and a reinforcement cage: placing concrete raw materials into a concrete mixer for mixing to prepare concrete, and binding steel bars through steel wires to prepare a steel bar cage;
s3: drilling preparation: determining the position of a steel pile casing according to the construction position of the secant pile selected in the step S1, scribing, constructing the concrete steel pile casing, placing a drilling machine at the top of the steel pile casing after the concrete steel pile casing is solidified, ensuring the stability of the drilling machine and ensuring the accurate positioning of the drilling hole of the secant pile;
s4: drilling a pile hole for one time: the secant pile adopts a drilling machine to dig holes, in addition, in order to reduce the influence of hole string, a 'jump digging method' is adopted during construction, namely interval construction is adopted, the distance between pile foundations constructed before and after is ensured not to be smaller than a safe distance, when the requirement can not be met, construction of an adjacent pile foundation is required to be carried out after a pile is formed for 48 hours, and after drilling is completed, the hole depth is measured and the deficient soil is removed;
s5: construction of plain concrete piles: after the pile hole is drilled in the step S4, pouring the concrete prepared in the step S2 into the plain concrete pile hole, and forming a plain concrete pile Ai (i takes 1,2, 3.);
s6: and (3) secondary drilling of a pile hole: the secant pile adopts a drilling machine to dig holes, in addition, in order to reduce the influence of hole string, a 'jump digging method' is adopted during construction, namely interval construction is adopted, the distance between pile foundations constructed before and after is ensured not to be smaller than a safe distance, when the requirement can not be met, construction of an adjacent pile foundation is required to be carried out after a pile is formed for 48 hours, and after drilling is completed, the hole depth is measured and the deficient soil is removed;
s7: and (3) construction of the reinforced concrete pile: after the pile hole is drilled in the step S6, hoisting the reinforcement cage prepared in the step S2 inside the reinforced concrete pile hole, laying acoustic pipes Ck (k is 1,2, 3.) in the reinforcement cage according to the detection requirement, arranging 4 acoustic pipes equidistantly along the whole circumference of the cross section of the pile body for the large-diameter pile (the diameter is more than 1.2m), arranging 3 acoustic pipes equidistantly and simultaneously when the diameter of the pile is less than 1.2m, pouring concrete after the reinforcement cage is lowered, and forming a reinforced concrete pile Bj (j is 1,2, 3.) after the concrete is solidified;
s8: and (3) quality detection: the method comprises the steps that sound waves are projected into a pre-buried sound measuring pipe Ck (k takes 1,2, 3.) to detect the integrity of the whole pile body of the occlusive pile and the pile length, when the integrity of the pile body and the pile length of a plain concrete pile Ai are detected, the sound waves are projected into the pre-buried sound measuring pipes which are adjacent to each other, and when the integrity of the pile body and the pile length of a reinforced concrete pile Bj are detected, the sound waves are projected into the pre-buried sound measuring pipes which are adjacent to four corners.
2. The nondestructive testing method for piling quality of the large-diameter secant pile, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the concrete prepared in the step S2 and the concrete prepared in the reinforcement cage are prepared from the following materials in proportion: water: cement: sand: the stone was 0.51:1:1.81:3.68 and the steel bar type used to make the steel bar cage was Q235.
3. The nondestructive testing method for piling quality of the large-diameter secant pile, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the drilling machine adopted in the steps S4 and S6 is a rotary drilling type drilling machine.
4. The nondestructive testing method for piling quality of the large-diameter secant pile, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the safety distance that the distance between the pile foundations is not less than in the steps of S4 and S6 is four times of the pile diameter, when drilling the reinforced concrete pile hole, the plain concrete piles Ai (i takes 1,2, 3.) in the two adjacent plain concrete pile holes need to be drilled after forming, and when constructing, the concrete at the intersection part of the adjacent plain concrete piles Ai (i takes 1,2, 3.) needs to be cut off.
5. The nondestructive testing method for piling quality of the large-diameter secant pile, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the construction sequence of pile hole drilling in the steps S4 and S6 is as follows: a1 → A3 → A5 → A2 → B1 → B2 → A4 → B3 → B4 … (wherein Ai represents a plain concrete pile, i takes 1,2, 3...; Bj represents a reinforced concrete pile, j takes 1,2, 3..).
6. The nondestructive testing method for piling quality of the large-diameter secant pile, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and the plain concrete pile prepared by the construction of the plain concrete pile in the step S5 and the reinforced concrete pile prepared by the construction of the reinforced concrete pile in the step S7 are both cylindrical, and the diameter of the cross section of the plain concrete pile is the same as that of the cross section of the reinforced concrete pile.
7. The nondestructive testing method for piling quality of the large-diameter secant pile, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the center lines of the plain concrete pile prepared by the construction of the plain concrete pile in the step S5 and the reinforced concrete pile prepared by the construction of the reinforced concrete pile in the step S7 are on the same plane, and the center distances of any adjacent plain concrete pile and the reinforced concrete pile are the same.
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