CN113865990B - Device for simulating drawing test of concrete pile in frozen soil layer - Google Patents

Device for simulating drawing test of concrete pile in frozen soil layer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113865990B
CN113865990B CN202111139432.7A CN202111139432A CN113865990B CN 113865990 B CN113865990 B CN 113865990B CN 202111139432 A CN202111139432 A CN 202111139432A CN 113865990 B CN113865990 B CN 113865990B
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box body
cooler
steel
concrete pile
test
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CN113865990A (en
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王伯昕
王子豪
王清
潘一鸣
张中琼
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Jilin University
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Jilin University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0001Type of application of the stress
    • G01N2203/0003Steady
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0016Tensile or compressive
    • G01N2203/0017Tensile
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/0069Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
    • G01N2203/0075Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/0617Electrical or magnetic indicating, recording or sensing means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/067Parameter measured for estimating the property
    • G01N2203/0676Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/067Parameter measured for estimating the property
    • G01N2203/0682Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for simulating a drawing test of a concrete pile in a frozen soil layer, which solves the problem that the drawing of the concrete pile cannot be performed under the condition of soil freezing, and comprises a test box body, a refrigerating system, a drawing system, a measuring system and an information acquisition system; the measuring system comprises a displacement sensor, a sensor limiting plate and a steel graduated scale; the test box body is installed on the ground through an outer frame in the test box body, the refrigerating system is installed on the test box body through a cooler of the refrigerating system, and the drawing system is installed above the test box body and on the ground at two sides of the test box body through drawing force reaction frames of the drawing system; one end of a displacement sensor is arranged on the drawing force reaction frame, the other end of the displacement sensor is connected with a sensor limiting plate, the center of the sensor limiting plate is welded with the top end of a drawing rod of a drawing system, and a steel graduated scale is arranged at one corner of an inner box body in a main box body of a freezing box in a test box body; 13-32 strain gauges in the information acquisition system are stuck on the pile walls around the concrete pile to be tested.

Description

Device for simulating drawing test of concrete pile in frozen soil layer
Technical Field
The invention relates to a test device belonging to the technical field of frozen soil engineering test instruments, in particular to a device for simulating a drawing test of a concrete pile in a frozen soil layer.
Background
In a natural frozen soil area or an artificial frozen soil project, the problem that a large amount of frozen soil contacts an interface layer with a structure exists, and the interface characteristic between a concrete pile body and the frozen soil is an important parameter of the frozen soil project research, and can be reflected by a drawing force-drawing displacement relation reaction and a strain-tangential acting force relation curve obtained by a drawing test.
However, the device for the drawing test of the concrete pile in the frozen soil layer belongs to the blank, and the traditional drawing device can not simulate the situation that the soil is frozen, so that the traditional freezing device can not carry out the drawing test.
At present, there is an urgent need to develop a simple and effective test device capable of performing freezing and drawing in an integrated manner, so as to solve the problem of drawing of a concrete pile body under the condition of soil freezing. In view of this, the inventors have conducted intensive studies and designs on a drawing device capable of simulating a freezing test of a concrete pile in a frozen soil layer, and have produced the present invention.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the drawing problem of the concrete pile under the condition that the soil can not be frozen in the prior art is solved, and provides a device for simulating the drawing test of the concrete pile in a frozen soil layer.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: the device for simulating the drawing test of the concrete pile in the frozen soil layer comprises a test box body, a refrigerating system, a drawing system, a measuring system and an information acquisition system;
the refrigerating system comprises a cooler, a temperature controller and a compressor; the temperature controller adopts a standard part with the model of XT801, a power plug of the compressor is inserted into a power interface configured by the temperature controller, the power plug of the temperature controller is connected to a 220V alternating current power supply, a probe wire of the temperature controller is placed into a main box body of a freezing box in a test box body through an opening at the top end of an outer frame and a temperature measuring round hole at the left side on a steel cover plate, the probe wire is buried in soil to a depth of 10 cm-30 cm, and the temperature controller is placed on the ground at the left side of a drawing force reaction frame in a drawing system;
the technical proposal is that the anchorage comprises a conical sleeve and a piston, wherein the piston is arranged in the conical sleeve;
The conical sleeve consists of a hollow round steel plate and a hollow round table; the thickness of the hollow round steel plate is 1 cm-2 cm, the diameter is 10 cm-15 cm, and a round through hole of 5 cm-6 cm is arranged in the center; the outer diameter of the top end of the hollow steel round table is 1 cm-2 cm, the outer diameter of the bottom end of the hollow steel round table is 5.4 cm-6.4 cm, the height of the hollow steel round table is 5 cm-8 cm, and the wall thickness of the hollow steel round table is 0.2 cm-0.4 cm; the bottom of the hollow steel round table, namely the large-diameter end, is welded with the center of the hollow round steel plate, and the hollow steel round table is collinear with the rotation axis of the hollow round steel plate; the piston consists of a piston seat and a welding rod; the diameter of the top end of the piston seat is 2.2 cm-2.4 cm, the diameter of the bottom end of the piston seat is 2.5 cm-2.8 cm, and the height of the piston seat is 1.5 cm-2.5 cm, and the piston seat is a steel solid round platform piece; the diameter of the welding rod is 2 cm-2.3 cm, the height of the welding rod is 3 cm-6 cm, and the welding rod is a steel solid cylindrical piece; the bottom end of the welding rod positioned at the top is welded with the center of the top end of the piston seat positioned at the bottom, and the piston seat is collinear with the rotation axis of the welding rod; the top end of the welding rod is welded with the bottom end of the drawing rod;
the measuring system comprises a displacement sensor, a sensor limiting plate and a steel graduated scale;
The test box body is arranged on the ground through an outer frame, a cooler in a refrigerating system is arranged on the test box body, and a drawing system is arranged above the test box body and is arranged on the ground on two sides of the test box body through 2 upright posts with the same structure in a drawing force reaction frame; one end of a displacement sensor is arranged on the drawing force reaction frame, the other end of the displacement sensor is connected with the bottom end surface of a sensor limiting plate, the center of the bottom end surface of the sensor limiting plate is welded with the top end of a drawing rod of a drawing system, the bottom end of the drawing rod is connected with the top end of a concrete pile of a tested piece through an anchorage device, and a steel graduated scale is vertically arranged at one corner of an inner box body in a main box body of a freezing box in a test box body; 13-32 strain gauges with the same structure in the information acquisition system are uniformly adhered to the outer wall of the concrete pile of the measured piece in the main box body of the freezing box.
The test box body in the technical scheme also comprises a main freezing box body, a heat-insulating material and a steel cover plate; the main freezing box body is a nonstandard part and consists of an inner box body and an outer box body, wherein the inner box body and the outer box body are square shell bodies with hollow inner top openings and made of steel plates, the inner box body is placed in the outer box body, and a gap area with the same thickness as 23 mm-25 mm is arranged between the four walls and the bottom of the inner box body and the bottom of the outer box body;
The heat insulation material is a polyurethane foam board, the foam board is cut into thick plates with the thickness of 3 mm-5 mm, and the polyurethane foam board with the thickness of 3 mm-5 mm is fully adhered on the inner wall surface of the outer box body in the main box body of the freezing box by using structural adhesive;
The outer frame is a cuboid box body part formed by welding steel plates, the top end of the outer frame is an opening type, 1 circular through hole is formed in the left side of the lower part of the left box wall of the outer frame, the circular through hole on the outer frame is identical in structure with the circular through hole on the left box wall of the outer box body in the main freezing box body and is aligned left and right, the length and the width dimensions of the inner cavity of the outer frame box body are identical, the length and the width dimensions of the outer box body in the main freezing box body are identical, and the height dimension of the outer frame box body is larger than the height dimension of the outer box body in the main freezing box body;
The steel cover plate is a nonstandard plate structural member, the thickness is 5-10 mm, the length and the width are equal to 65.8-66.2 cm, a round hole with the diameter of 10-40 cm for installing a concrete pile is formed in the center of the steel plate cover, and a temperature measuring round hole with the diameter of 1-2 cm for measuring temperature is formed in the left side of the steel plate cover;
The freezing box main box body with the polyurethane foam plates fully adhered on the inner box wall surface of the outer box body is arranged in the outer frame, the outer box wall surface of the outer box body is in contact connection with the inner box wall surface of the outer frame, and the steel cover plate covers the outer box body of the freezing box main box body.
The technical scheme is that threaded holes for installing riding buckles are machined in four walls of an inner box body, the number of the threaded holes is 2, the vertical distance between the 2 threaded holes is 3-5 cm, the threaded hole groups are uniformly distributed on four side walls of the inner box body, each side wall comprises 8-10 rows of threaded hole groups, the transverse distance between the threaded hole groups is 30-40 cm, the longitudinal distance between the threaded hole groups is 5-6 cm, each row comprises 2-3 threaded hole groups, each row of threaded hole groups is horizontally arranged, the threaded hole groups between the rows are vertically aligned, namely, the threaded hole groups are arranged in a row along the vertical direction, and a circular through hole with the diameter of 2-4 cm for installing a linear connecting pipe for connecting a cooler and a compressor is arranged at the left end position of the lower part of the left side wall of the outer box body.
The refrigeration system in the technical scheme also comprises a temperature controller and a compressor;
The cooler comprises a front cooler, a rear cooler, a left cooler, a right cooler, 2 straight connecting pipes with the length of 1 m-3 m, a saddle buckle, a steering joint and a straight joint;
The front cooler, the rear cooler, the left cooler and the right cooler are identical in material, shape and size, and are made of standard 4-branch stainless steel pipes only in different arrangement directions during installation and fixation, namely, the standard 4-branch stainless steel pipes are used for making cooling parts which are circularly arranged in a serpentine shape;
The left cooler, the front cooler, the right cooler and the rear cooler are sequentially fixed on the left wall surface, the front wall surface, the right wall surface and the outer wall surface of the inner box body in the main freezing box body by adopting a saddle buckle, the upper end outlet of the left cooler is connected with the upper end inlet of the front cooler by adopting a steering joint, the lower end outlet of the front cooler is connected with the lower end inlet of the right cooler by adopting a steering joint, the upper end outlet of the right cooler is connected with the upper end inlet of the rear cooler by adopting a steering joint, the lower end outlet of the rear cooler is connected with one end of a straight connecting pipe with the length of 1 m-3 m by adopting a steering joint, and the other end of the straight connecting pipe with the length of 1 m-3 m extends out of circular through holes arranged on the left box wall of the outer box body and the left box wall of the outer frame in the main freezing box body and is welded with an inlet pipe of the compressor; the inlet at the lower end of the left cooler is connected with one end of another straight connecting pipe with the length of 1 m-3 m through a steering joint, and the other end of the other straight connecting pipe with the length of 1 m-3 m extends out of circular through holes arranged on the left side wall of the outer box body and the left side wall of the outer frame in the main box body of the freezing box and is welded with an outlet pipe of the compressor.
The cooling part circularly arranged in a snake shape in the technical scheme is composed of straight pipe sections and curved pipe sections, the lengths of the straight pipe sections are 40 cm-60 cm, the adjacent 2 straight pipe sections are parallel to each other, the distance between the adjacent 2 straight pipe sections is 5 cm-6 cm, one ends of the adjacent 2 straight pipe sections are smoothly connected and communicated by the curved pipe sections, the other ends of the adjacent 2 straight pipe sections are smoothly connected and communicated with the end parts of the straight pipe sections which are vertically adjacent to the adjacent straight pipe sections by the curved pipe sections, the end parts of the adjacent 2 straight pipe sections of the cooling part are smoothly connected and communicated by the curved pipe sections, and the like until the cooling part circularly arranged in the snake shape is completed;
The lower ends of the left cooler and the right cooler are inlets, the upper ends of the left cooler and the right cooler are outlets, the upper ends of the front cooler and the rear cooler are inlets, and the lower ends of the front cooler and the rear cooler are outlets.
The drawing system in the technical scheme also comprises a motor, a speed regulator and a gear; the drawing rod comprises a cuboid steel rod and a straight rack; the bottom of the straight rack is welded on the right side surface of the cuboid lever, and the tooth surface of the straight rack faces to the right; the drawing force reaction frame 7 comprises 2 upright posts, steel rings and cross beams with the same structure;
The top ends of the 2 upright posts with the same structure are welded with the two ends of the cross beam, the 2 upright posts with the same structure are parallel to each other, the 2 upright posts with the same structure are perpendicular to each other and are positioned below the cross beam, and the steel ring is welded on the left side of the center of the top end of the cross beam in a standing manner;
the motor adopts a 61K180RGU-CF speed regulating motor, is fixed on the right side of the center of a beam in a drawing force reaction frame by adopting a bolt, the rotating shaft of the motor is parallel to the transverse end surface of the beam of a cuboid plate, a gear is arranged on the rotating shaft of the motor through a key connecting sleeve, a single-row 6-pin plug of the motor is inserted into a single-row 6-pin interface of a speed regulator, a power line of the speed regulator with the model of US-52 is inserted into a 220V alternating current power supply, and the speed regulator is placed at a position 10 cm-30 cm away from the motor; the pulling rod is vertically inserted into a square hole of the pulling rod at the center of the cross beam, the straight rack is meshed with the gear, and the bottom end of the pulling rod is welded with the top end of the anchor.
The measuring system in the technical scheme also comprises a tubular dynamometer and an intelligent measuring and controlling instrument; the sensor limiting plate consists of a square steel plate and an opening lifting hook; a round through hole of a pull rod with the diameter of 0.5 cm-1 cm is arranged at the position of 3 cm-5 cm on the left side of the center of the square steel plate, and an opening lifting hook with the model SL-H1010-3.2 is welded at the position of 5 cm-6 cm on the left side of the center of the bottom end face of the square steel plate;
The displacement sensor adopts a displacement sensor with the model of KTC-200mm, the bottom end of the displacement sensor is fixed on a cross beam in a drawing force counter-force frame by adopting matched screws and a fixed bracket, the tie rod end of the displacement sensor is inserted into a round through hole on a square steel plate piece in a sensor limiting plate and then is mounted on the extending end of the tie rod by adopting a nut, and a blue black connector of a data wire on the displacement sensor is inserted into a J3 channel interface corresponding to the intelligent measurement and control instrument; the pull ring at the top end of the tubular dynamometer is hung on an opening lifting hook welded in advance on the sensor limiting plate, and the hook at the bottom end of the tubular dynamometer is hooked on a steel ring welded in advance at the top end of the cross beam in the drawing force reaction frame.
The information acquisition system in the technical scheme also comprises a static resistance strain gauge and a computer; 13-32 strain gages with the same structure are all strain gages with the model number of BX120-50AA, 13-32 strain gages with the same structure are adhered from 5-10 cm away from the bottom surface of a concrete pile to be tested in an upward layered manner, 4 strain gages with the same structure are adhered to each layer, the distance between every two adjacent strain gages with the same structure in each layer is 90 degrees, the distance between every two adjacent strain gages with the same structure in the vertical direction is 5-10 cm, each strain gage is uniformly adhered to the outer wall of the concrete pile to be tested by 502 glue, each metal wire of the strain gages with the same structure is connected with a copper wire in each wire of a static resistance strain gage with the model number of XL2101B5 in a spot welding manner, and the connecting position is firmly adhered by an insulating tape; the computer is a normal desk computer and is placed at a position 1 m-5 m away from the main body of the freezing box, a signal wire of the static resistance strain gauge is inserted into a USB interface of the computer, and the static resistance strain gauge is placed at a position 0.1 m-0.5 m away from the computer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. According to the device for simulating the drawing test of the concrete pile in the frozen soil layer, the drawing system and the freezing box refrigerating system can simultaneously freeze soil and draw the concrete pile at constant force or constant speed;
2. According to the device for simulating the drawing test of the concrete pile in the frozen soil layer, the strain gauge data are collected through the externally attached strain gauge and the static resistance strain gauge, so that the axial force of each section of concrete pile is obtained, and further the approximate value of the side friction resistance of the concrete pile is deduced.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structural composition of a device for simulating a drawing test of a concrete pile in a frozen soil layer;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a drawing device and a test box structure of a device for simulating a drawing test of a concrete pile in a frozen soil layer according to the invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the arrangement of coolers of the apparatus for simulating a pullout test of a concrete pile in a layer of frozen soil according to the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the vertical arrangement of the left cooler in the insulating layer of the device for simulating the pull test of the concrete pile in the frozen soil layer according to the invention;
FIG. 5 is an isometric view of a conical sleeve structure in an anchor used in an apparatus for simulating a pullout test of a concrete pile in a frozen soil layer according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an isometric view of a piston structure assembly in an anchor used in an apparatus for simulating a pullout test of a concrete pile in a frozen soil layer according to the present invention;
In the figure: 1. the freezing box main box body 2, a cooler 3, a heat insulation material 4, an outer frame 5, a concrete pile 6, a strain gauge 7, a drawing force reaction frame 8, a displacement sensor 9, an anchor 10, a motor 11, a steel cover plate 12, a static resistance strain gauge 13, a sensor limiting plate 14, an intelligent measuring and controlling instrument 15, a temperature controller 16, a compressor 17, a pipe type dynamometer 18, a computer 19, a drawing rod 20, a conical sleeve 21, a piston 22, a gear 23, a steel scale 24, a speed regulator 25 and a riding buckle.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
Referring to fig. 1, a device capable of simulating a drawing test of a concrete pile in a frozen soil layer comprises a test box body, a refrigerating system, a drawing system, a measuring system and an information acquisition system.
1. The test box body comprises a main freezing box body 1, a heat insulation material 3, a steel cover plate 11 and an outer frame 4.
The main freezing box body 1 is a non-standard part, the main freezing box body 1 is composed of an inner box body and an outer box body, the inner box body and the outer box body are both square shell bodies with hollow inside and open top and made of steel plates with the thickness of 3mm, the inner box body is placed in the outer box body, a gap area with the thickness of 23 mm-25 mm is arranged between four walls and the bottom of the inner box body and the outer box body, a cooler 2 in a refrigerating system is arranged in the gap area, namely on the outer wall surfaces of the four walls of the inner box body along the vertical direction, threaded holes for installing saddle buckles 25 are processed on the four walls of the inner box body, 2 threaded holes are a group, the upper and lower intervals of the 2 threaded holes are 3-5 cm, the threaded hole groups are uniformly distributed on the four side walls of the inner box body, each side wall comprises 8-10 rows of threaded hole groups, the transverse interval of the threaded hole groups is 30-40 cm, the longitudinal interval of the threaded hole groups is 5-6 cm, each row comprises 2-3 threaded hole groups, each row of threaded hole groups is horizontally arranged, the threaded hole groups between the rows are vertically aligned, namely, the threaded hole groups are arranged in a row along the vertical direction, a circular through hole with the diameter of 2-4 cm is arranged at the left end position of the lower part of the left side box wall of the outer box body, and the circular through hole is used for installing a straight line connecting pipe with the diameter of 1-3 m, which connects the cooler 2 with the compressor 16.
In the embodiment, the size of the hollow part of the main box body 1 of the freezing box, namely the size of the hollow part of the inner box body is 60cm multiplied by 60cm, the outer box body is also square, and the side length size is 65.8 cm-66.2 cm; the main freezing box body 1 is placed in the outer frame 4.
The steel cover plate 11 is a non-standard plate structural member, the steel cover plate 11 is covered on the outer box body of the main box body 1 of the freezing box, the thickness is 5-10 mm, the length and width are equal to 65.8-66.2 cm, a round hole with the diameter of 10-40 cm is formed in the center of the steel plate cover 11 (specifically determined according to the diameter of the concrete pile 5 and 1-2 cm larger than the diameter of the concrete pile 5), and a round hole with the diameter of 1-2 cm for measuring the temperature is formed in the left side of the steel plate cover 11.
The heat insulation material 3 is a polyurethane foam board and is a non-standard component, the foam board is cut into a thickness of 3 mm-5 mm, and the polyurethane foam board is fully adhered on the inner wall surface of the outer box body in the main freezing box body 1 by using structural adhesive, so that the main freezing box body 1 has a long-term heat insulation environment;
The outer frame 4 is a cuboid box body part formed by welding 20mm steel plates, the top end of the outer frame 4 is provided with an opening type so as to be convenient for filling soil, the left side of the lower part of the left box wall of the outer frame 4 is provided with 12 cm-4 cm circular through holes, the circular through holes on the outer frame 4 are identical in structure and are aligned left and right with the circular through holes on the left box wall of the outer box body in the main freezing box body 1 so as to be convenient for being connected with an external compressor 16 by adopting a straight line connecting pipe, the length and the width dimensions of the inner cavity of the outer frame box body are equal to those of the outer box body in the main freezing box body 1, and the height dimension of the outer frame box body is larger than that of the outer box body in the main freezing box body 1;
2. The refrigerating system comprises a cooler 2, a temperature controller 15 and a compressor 16.
The cooler 2 comprises a front cooler, a rear cooler, a left cooler, a right cooler, 2 straight connecting pipes with the length of 1 m-3 m, a saddle buckle 25, a steering joint and a straight joint.
The front cooler, the rear cooler, the left cooler and the right cooler are all the same in material, shape and size, and are made of standard 4-minute stainless steel pipes only in different arrangement directions during installation and fixation, namely the front cooler, the rear cooler, the left cooler and the right cooler are cooling parts which are circularly arranged in a serpentine shape and made of standard 4-minute stainless steel pipes;
The cooling part circularly arranged in a snake shape consists of straight pipe sections and curved pipe sections, the length of each straight pipe section is 40 cm-60 cm, the adjacent 2 straight pipe sections are parallel to each other, the distance between the adjacent 2 straight pipe sections is 5 cm-6 cm, one ends of the adjacent 2 straight pipe sections are smoothly connected and communicated by the curved pipe sections, the other ends of the adjacent 2 straight pipe sections are smoothly connected and communicated with the end parts of the adjacent straight pipe sections up and down by the curved pipe sections, the end parts of the adjacent 2 straight pipe sections of the cooling part are smoothly connected and communicated by the curved pipe sections in turn in a left-right alternating manner, and the like until the cooling part circularly arranged in the snake shape is completed; the coolers 2 (a left cooler, a front cooler, a right cooler and a rear cooler) are fixed on the outer tank wall surfaces of four tank walls (a left tank wall, a front tank wall, a right tank wall and a rear tank wall) of the inner tank in the freezing tank main tank 1 by adopting a horse riding buckle 25, the left cooler and the right cooler which are arranged on the outer tank wall surfaces of the left tank wall and the right tank wall of the inner tank are arranged with left ports down, right ports up, and the front cooler and the rear cooler which are arranged on the outer tank wall surfaces of the front tank wall and the rear tank wall are arranged with right ports down, and left ports up; the cooling liquid circulation of the left cooler and the right cooler adopts a mode of lower end inlet and upper end outlet, and the front cooler and the rear cooler adopt a mode of upper inlet and lower outlet; the left cooler, the front cooler, the right cooler and the rear cooler on the four tank walls are sequentially connected through steering joints, the inlet of the lower end of the left cooler is connected with one end of a straight connecting pipe with the length of 1 m-3 m through the steering joints after the coolers on the four tank walls are communicated, the other end of the straight connecting pipe extends out of through holes arranged on the left tank wall of the outer tank body and the left tank wall of the outer frame 4 in the freezing tank main tank body 1 and is welded with an outlet pipe of the compressor 16, the lower end of the rear cooler is connected with one end of another straight connecting pipe with the length of 1 m-3 m through a straight connecting joint, and the other end of the other straight connecting pipe extends out of round through holes arranged on the left tank wall of the outer tank body and the left tank wall of the outer frame 4 in the freezing tank main tank body 1 and is welded with an inlet pipe of the compressor 16.
The straight connecting pipes are non-standard parts, and 2 straight connecting pipes with the length of 1 m-3 m are four-division straight connecting pipes made of stainless steel.
The steering joint is a standard component, and the model is a right-angle butt joint of 20pvc90 degrees.
The straight-through joint is a standard component, and the model is 20pvc straight-through.
The temperature controller 15 adopts a standard part with the model of XT801, a power plug of the compressor 16 is inserted into a power interface configured by the temperature controller 15, the power plug of the temperature controller 15 is connected to a 220V alternating current power supply, a probe wire of the temperature controller 15 is placed into a main freezing box body 1 of a test box body through an opening at the top end of an outer frame 4 and a temperature measuring round hole at the left side on a steel cover plate 11, the main freezing box body is buried in soil at the depth of 10 cm-30 cm, and the temperature controller 15 is placed on the ground at the left side of a drawing force counterforce frame 7 in a drawing system.
The compressor 16 adopts a QD35Y universal R600A small compressor, two interfaces of the compressor 16 are connected with two interfaces of the cooler 2 through welding, the compressor 16 is placed on the ground 0.5 m-1 m away from the main body box 1 of the freezing box, and a power plug of the compressor 16 is inserted into a power interface of the temperature controller 15. The refrigerant is freon, and the temperature of the main freezing box body 1 can be regulated by the temperature controller 15 and the compressor 16.
3. The drawing system comprises a motor 10, a drawing rod 19, a drawing force reaction frame 7, a speed regulator 24, a gear 22 and an anchor 9.
The anchor 9 comprises a conical sleeve 20 and a piston 21, which are non-standard components, and the piston 21 is positioned inside the conical sleeve 20.
The conical sleeve 20 consists of a hollow round steel plate and a hollow round table; the thickness of the hollow round steel plate is 1 cm-2 cm, the diameter is 10 cm-15 cm, and a round through hole of 5 cm-6 cm is arranged in the center; the outer diameter of the top end of the hollow steel round table is 1 cm-2 cm, the outer diameter of the bottom end of the hollow steel round table is 5.4 cm-6.4 cm, the height of the hollow steel round table is 5 cm-8 cm, and the wall thickness of the hollow steel round table is 0.2 cm-0.4 cm; the bottom of the hollow steel round table, namely the large-diameter end, is welded with the center of the hollow round steel plate, and the hollow steel round table and the rotation axis of the hollow round steel plate are collinear. The lower half of the conical sleeve 20 is directly cast and fixed in the pile head of the concrete pile 5 when casting the concrete pile 5, and the rotation axis of the conical sleeve 20 is made collinear with the rotation axis of the concrete pile 5.
The piston 21 consists of a piston seat and a welding rod.
The diameter of the top end of the piston seat is 2.2 cm-2.4 cm, the diameter of the bottom end of the piston seat is 2.5 cm-2.8 cm, and the height of the piston seat is 1.5 cm-2.5 cm, and the piston seat is a steel solid round platform piece;
The diameter of the welding rod is 2 cm-2.3 cm, the height of the welding rod is 3 cm-6 cm, and the welding rod is a steel solid cylindrical piece;
the bottom end of the welding rod positioned at the top is welded with the center of the top end of the piston seat positioned at the bottom, and the piston seat is collinear with the rotation axis of the welding rod; the top end of the welding rod is welded with the bottom end of the drawing rod 19.
The concrete size of the anchor 9 should be processed and produced according to the size of the concrete pile 5, when the concrete pile 5 is stressed, the piston 21 is driven to axially slide along the conical sleeve 20, and the conical sleeve 20 limits the normal displacement of the piston 21 through hoop force, so that the anchor 9 and the concrete pile 5 are anchored into a whole.
The drawing rod 19 is a non-standard part and comprises a cuboid steel rod and a straight rack;
The size of the cuboid steel rod is 50mm multiplied by 1m, the cuboid steel rod is a steel straight rod piece, the lower end of the drawing rod 19 is welded with the top end of a welding rod in the piston 21, and the rotation axis of the welding rod is collinear with the symmetry axis of the drawing rod 19; the drawing rod 19 is vertically arranged in a drawing rod square hole with the size of 10cm multiplied by 5cm arranged at the center of a cross beam of the drawing force reaction frame 7, the drawing rod and the drawing rod are in sliding connection, and a straight rack is welded on the right side surface of a cuboid steel rod;
the straight rack is a standard component with a rectangular cross section, the model is five-die 50 multiplied by 1m, the tooth pitch is 15.7mm, the tooth depth is 11.25mm, the bottom of the straight rack is welded on the right side surface of the cuboid lever, the rack surface faces to the right, and the rack surface is in meshed connection with the gear 22.
The motor 10 adopts a 61K180RGU-CF speed regulating motor, is fixed on a position, which is 1 cm-2 cm far to the right, of the center of a cross beam of the drawing force reaction frame 7 through two M10 bolts, and the rotating shaft of the motor is vertical to the front surface of the main box body 1 of the freezing box, namely is parallel to the transverse end surface of the cross beam of the cuboid plate; the gear 22 is connected to the rotating shaft of the motor 10 through a key connection sleeve, a single-row 6-pin plug of the motor 10 is inserted into a single-row 6-pin interface of the speed regulator 24, the motor 10 provides drawing force and controls drawing speed, the drawing force is transmitted through the drawing rod 19, and the pile head of the concrete pile 5 is anchored by adopting the anchor 9.
The speed regulator 24 is a standard component, the model is US-52, a single-row 6-pin plug of the motor 10 is inserted into a single-row 6-pin interface of the speed regulator 24, a power line of the speed regulator 24 is inserted into a 220V alternating current power supply, and the speed regulator is placed at a position of 10 cm-30 cm near the motor 10.
The gear 22 is a standard component, the model is five-mould thirty-six teeth, the gear 22 is arranged on the rotating shaft of the motor 10 through a key connecting sleeve, and the left side of the gear 22 is meshed and connected with a straight rack fixed on the pulling rod 19.
The drawing force reaction frame 7 is a non-standard part, and the drawing force reaction frame 7 consists of 2 upright posts, steel rings and cross beams with the same structure.
The diameter of the upright post is 30cm, the length of the upright post is 1m, and the upright post is a steel cylindrical straight rod piece;
The beam is a cuboid plate with the length multiplied by the width multiplied by the thickness of 1.8m multiplied by 0.2m multiplied by 0.05m, a drawing rod square hole with the size of 10cm multiplied by 5cm is formed in the center of the beam, and a drawing rod 19 is inserted into the drawing rod square hole in the center of the beam; 2M 4 threaded holes for fixing the displacement sensor 8 are formed in the left side 6 cm-7 cm of the center of the cross beam, and the transverse distance between the 2M 4 threaded holes is 20 mm-30 mm; 2M 10 threaded holes are formed in the right side of the center of the cross beam at a distance of 6 cm-7 cm, the transverse distance between the 2M 10 threaded holes is 6 cm-8 cm, a standing steel ring is welded in the range of 8 cm-9 cm on the left side of the center of the top end of the cross beam, the radius of the steel ring is 1 cm-2 cm, and the radius of the section of a round tube used for manufacturing the steel ring is 1 mm-2 mm.
The top of 2 stands that the structure is the same and the both ends welded connection of crossbeam, 2 stands that the structure is the same are parallel to each other, and 2 stands that the structure is the same and crossbeam mutually perpendicular and lie in the below of crossbeam, and the bottom of 2 stands is directly placed in ground.
4. The measuring system comprises a displacement sensor 8, a steel graduated scale 23, a tubular dynamometer 17, a sensor limiting plate 13 and an intelligent measuring and controlling instrument 14.
The sensor limiting plate 13 is a non-standard part and consists of a square steel plate and an opening lifting hook.
The square steel plate is a square steel plate with the length multiplied by the width multiplied by the thickness multiplied by 10cm multiplied by 1cm, the center of the bottom end face of the square steel plate is welded with the top end of the drawing rod 19, a drawing rod round hole with the diameter of 0.5 cm-1 cm is formed at the position of 3 cm-5 cm on the left side of the center of the square steel plate, and an opening lifting hook with the model of SL-H1010-3.2 is welded at the position of 5 cm-6 cm on the left side of the center of the bottom end face of the square steel plate.
The displacement sensor 8 adopts a displacement sensor with the model of KTC-200mm, the bottom end of the displacement sensor 8 is fixed on a cross beam in a drawing force counter-force frame 7 through four M4 screws and fixed brackets matched with manufacturers, then nuts at the end parts of pull rods of the displacement sensor 8 are dismounted, the pull rods are pulled to enable the pull rods to be inserted into through holes in square steel plates in sensor limiting plates 13, the dismounted nuts are mounted on the extending ends of the pull rods, blue and black connectors of data wires on the displacement sensor 8 are inserted into J3 channel interfaces corresponding to intelligent measuring and controlling instruments 14, and the displacement sensor 8 automatically collects the displacement of the concrete piles 5.
The intelligent measurement and control instrument 14 adopts a measurement and control instrument with the model NM11, and a blue-black connector of a data line on the displacement sensor 8 is inserted into a J3 channel interface corresponding to the equipped intelligent measurement and control instrument 14 and is placed at a similar position of the computer 18.
The tubular dynamometer 17 is a dynamometer of model LTZ-100, a pull ring at the top end of the tubular dynamometer 17 is hung on an opening hanging hook welded in advance on the sensor limiting plate 13, and a hanging hook at the bottom end of the tubular dynamometer 17 is hooked on a steel ring welded in advance at the top end of a cross beam in the drawing force reaction frame 7.
The steel graduated scale 23 adopts the graduated scale of model JTGZC001, and length 60cm welds the right case wall that the internal box is inside in freezing case main tank body 1 and the back case wall is connected one corner department, conveniently reads the filling height.
5. The information acquisition system comprises 13-32 strain gauges 6 with the same structure, a static resistance strain gauge 12 and a computer 18.
The strain gauge 6 is made of strain gauges with the size of BX120-50AA, the base length is 56 multiplied by 5.2mm, the wire grid is 50 multiplied by 3.0mm, the strain gauge 6 is adhered to the bottom surface of the concrete pile 5 from 5 cm to 10cm upwards in a layered mode, 4 strain gauges are adhered to each layer, the distance between every two adjacent strain gauges in each layer is 90 degrees, the distance between every two adjacent strain gauges in the vertical direction is 5 cm to 10cm, each strain gauge is uniformly adhered to the outer wall of the concrete pile 5 by 502 glue, each metal wire of the strain gauge 6 is in spot welding connection with copper wires in each wire of the static resistance strain gauge 12, and the connection position is firmly adhered by an insulating adhesive tape.
The static resistance strain gauge 12 is a strain gauge with the model XL2101B5, each metal wire of the strain gauge 6 is in spot welding connection with copper wires in each conducting wire of the static resistance strain gauge 12, the spot welding position is wound three times by using an insulating tape, a signal wire of the static resistance strain gauge 12 is inserted into a USB interface of the computer 18, and the signal wire is placed near the computer 18 for measuring strain by 0.1m to 0.5 m.
The computer 18 is a normal desk computer and is placed in the range of 1m to 5m near the main body 1 of the freezing box.
6. The concrete pile 5 is a tested piece
The concrete pile 5 is a non-standard part, the diameter of the concrete pile 5 is 17 cm-20 cm, the height of the concrete pile 5 is 20 cm-60 cm, before casting, the piston 21 is placed at the inner top of the conical sleeve 20, and after casting, the lower part (comprising hollow round steel plates) of the conical sleeve 20 is cast in the head of the concrete pile 5. The fabricated concrete piles 5 were placed in the main casing 1 of the freezing box before the test was started.
The working process of the device capable of simulating the drawing test of the concrete pile in the frozen soil layer comprises the following steps:
when the device for simulating the drawing test of the concrete pile in the frozen soil layer is used for simulating the drawing test of the concrete pile 5 in the frozen soil layer, firstly, a proper soil sample is selected, firstly, a probe wire of the temperature controller 15 is inserted into a temperature measuring round hole of the steel cover plate 11 and vertically placed in the main freezing box body 1, a steel scale 23 in the vertical direction is welded at one corner, connected with the rear box wall, of the right box wall inside the inner box body 1 of the rectangular main freezing box body 1, then the concrete pile 5 is placed, soil is buried and tamped in layers, and the soil filling is stopped when the distance from the top end of the main freezing box body 1 is still 5 cm.
Then the compressor 16 and the temperature controller 15 are started, the temperature is regulated to the temperature required by the test, the data on the temperature controller 15 is observed, when the soil temperature required by the test is reached, the top end of the welding rod of the piston 21 is welded with the bottom end of the drawing rod 19, and the concrete pile body is anchored through the anchorage 9 and the drawing rod 19. The motor 10 is started, the test speed of the concrete pile 5 to be pulled out is regulated through the speed regulator 24, data obtained by the strain gauge 6 in the process of pulling out the concrete pile 5 are recorded, the upward pulling displacement of the concrete pile 5 is recorded through the displacement sensor 8, and the displacement of the soil can be determined by comparing the relative heights of the soil before and after the test and the freezing box main box body 1 of the cube.

Claims (8)

1. The device for simulating the drawing test of the concrete pile in the frozen soil layer is characterized by comprising a test box body, a refrigerating system, a drawing system, a measuring system and an information acquisition system;
the measuring system comprises a displacement sensor (8), a sensor limiting plate (13) and a steel graduated scale (23);
The test box body is arranged on the ground through an outer frame (4) in the test box body, a cooler (2) in the refrigerating system is arranged on the test box body, and the drawing system is arranged above the test box body and is arranged on the ground on two sides of the test box body through 2 upright posts with the same structure in a drawing force reaction frame (7) in the drawing system; one end of a displacement sensor (8) is arranged on a drawing force reaction frame (7), the other end of the displacement sensor (8) is connected with the bottom end surface of a sensor limiting plate (13), the center of the bottom end surface of the sensor limiting plate (13) is welded with the top end of a drawing rod (19) of a drawing system, the bottom end of the drawing rod (19) is connected with the top end of a concrete pile (5) of a tested piece through an anchorage device (9), and a steel graduated scale (23) is vertically arranged in a test box body at one corner of an inner box body in a main freezing box body (1); 13-32 strain gauges (6) with the same structure in the information acquisition system are uniformly adhered to the outer wall of a concrete pile (5) of a measured piece in a main box body (1) of the freezing box;
The test box body also comprises a main freezing box body (1), a heat insulation material (3) and a steel cover plate (11), wherein the main freezing box body (1) is composed of an inner box body and an outer box body;
The freezing box main box body (1) with the polyurethane foam plates fully adhered on the inner box wall surface of the outer box body is arranged in the outer frame (4), the outer box wall surface of the outer box body is in contact connection with the inner box wall surface of the outer frame (4), and the steel cover plate (11) covers the outer box body of the freezing box main box body (1);
The refrigerating system comprises a cooler (2), a temperature controller (15) and a compressor (16); the temperature controller (15) adopts a standard part with the model of XT801, a power plug of the compressor (16) is inserted into a power interface configured by the temperature controller (15), the power plug of the temperature controller (15) is connected to a 220V alternating current power supply, a probe wire of the temperature controller (15) is placed into a main freezing box body (1) in a test box body through a top end opening of an outer frame (4) and a temperature measuring round hole on the left side of a steel cover plate (11), the main freezing box body is buried in soil, the depth of the main freezing box body is 10 cm-30 cm, and the temperature controller (15) is placed on the ground on the left side of a drawing force counterforce frame (7) in a drawing system;
The anchorage device (9) comprises a conical sleeve (20) and a piston (21), and the piston (21) is arranged in the conical sleeve (20);
The conical sleeve (20) consists of a hollow round steel plate and a hollow steel round table; the thickness of the hollow round steel plate is 1 cm-2 cm, the diameter is 10 cm-15 cm, and a round through hole of 5 cm-6 cm is arranged in the center; the outer diameter of the top end of the hollow steel round table is 1 cm-2 cm, the outer diameter of the bottom end of the hollow steel round table is 5.4 cm-6.4 cm, the height of the hollow steel round table is 5 cm-8 cm, and the wall thickness of the hollow steel round table is 0.2 cm-0.4 cm; the bottom of the hollow steel round table, namely the large-diameter end, is welded with the center of the hollow round steel plate, and the hollow steel round table is collinear with the rotation axis of the hollow round steel plate; the lower half part of the conical sleeve (20) is directly poured and fixed in the pile head of the concrete pile (5) when the concrete pile (5) is poured, and the rotation axis of the conical sleeve (20) is in line with the rotation axis of the concrete pile (5);
The piston (21) consists of a piston seat and a welding rod;
the diameter of the top end of the piston seat is 2.2 cm-2.4 cm, the diameter of the bottom end of the piston seat is 2.5 cm-2.8 cm, and the height of the piston seat is 1.5 cm-2.5 cm, and the piston seat is a steel solid round platform piece;
The diameter of the welding rod is 2 cm-2.3 cm, the height of the welding rod is 3 cm-6 cm, and the welding rod is a steel solid cylindrical piece;
The bottom end of the welding rod positioned at the top is welded with the center of the top end of the piston seat positioned at the bottom, and the piston seat is collinear with the rotation axis of the welding rod; the top end of the welding rod is welded with the bottom end of the drawing rod (19).
2. The device for simulating the drawing test of the concrete pile in the frozen soil layer according to claim 1, wherein the main freezing box body (1) is a nonstandard part, the inner box body and the outer box body are both square shell bodies with hollow inside and open top and made of steel plates, the inner box body is placed in the outer box body, and a gap area with the thickness of 23 mm-25 mm is arranged between the four walls and the bottom of the inner box body and the bottom of the outer box body;
The heat insulation material (3) is a polyurethane foam board, the foam board is cut into thick plates with the thickness of 3 mm-5 mm, and the polyurethane foam board with the thickness of 3 mm-5 mm is fully adhered on the inner wall surface of the outer box body in the main freezing box body (1) by using structural adhesive;
The outer frame (4) is a cuboid box body part formed by welding steel plates, the top end of the outer frame is an opening type, 1 circular through hole is formed in the left side of the lower part of the left box wall of the outer frame (4), the circular through hole on the outer frame (4) is identical in structure with the circular through hole on the left box wall of the outer box body in the main freezing box body (1) and is aligned left and right, the length and the width of the inner cavity of the outer frame box body are identical to those of the outer box body in the main freezing box body (1), and the height of the outer frame box body is larger than that of the outer box body in the main freezing box body (1);
The steel cover plate (11) is a nonstandard plate structural member, the thickness is 5-10 mm, the length and the width are equal to 65.8-66.2 cm, a round hole with the diameter of 10-40 cm for installing the concrete pile (5) is formed in the center of the steel cover plate (11), and a temperature measuring round hole with the diameter of 1-2 cm for measuring temperature is formed in the left side of the steel cover plate (11).
3. The device for simulating the drawing test of the concrete pile in the frozen soil layer according to claim 1, wherein the four walls of the inner box body are provided with threaded holes for installing the riding buckles (25), the number of the 2 threaded holes is one, the vertical distance between the 2 threaded holes is 3-5 cm, the threaded holes are uniformly distributed on the four side walls of the inner box body, each side wall comprises 8-10 lines of threaded holes, the transverse distance between the threaded holes is 30-40 cm, the longitudinal distance between the threaded holes is 5-6 cm, each line comprises 2-3 threaded holes, each line of threaded holes is horizontally arranged, the threaded holes between the lines are vertically aligned, namely the threaded holes are arranged in a row along the vertical direction, and the left end position of the lower part of the left side wall of the left side of the outer box body is provided with a circular through hole with the diameter of 2-4 cm for installing a straight connecting pipe for connecting the cooler (2) and the compressor (16).
4. A device for simulating a drawing test of a concrete pile in a frozen soil layer according to claim 1, wherein the refrigeration system further comprises a temperature controller (15) and a compressor (16);
The cooler (2) comprises a front cooler, a rear cooler, a left cooler, a right cooler, 2 straight connecting pipes with the length of 1 m-3 m, a saddle buckle (25), a steering joint and a straight joint;
The front cooler, the rear cooler, the left cooler and the right cooler are identical in material, shape and size, and are made of standard 4-branch stainless steel pipes only in different arrangement directions during installation and fixation, namely, the standard 4-branch stainless steel pipes are used for making cooling parts which are circularly arranged in a serpentine shape;
The left cooler, the front cooler, the right cooler and the rear cooler are sequentially fixed on the left wall, the front wall, the right wall and the outer wall of the inner box in the freezing box main box body (1) by adopting a saddle buckle (25), an upper end outlet of the left cooler is connected with an upper end inlet of the front cooler by adopting a steering joint, a lower end outlet of the front cooler is connected with a lower end inlet of the right cooler by adopting a steering joint, an upper end outlet of the right cooler is connected with an upper end inlet of the rear cooler by adopting a steering joint, a lower end outlet of the rear cooler is connected with one end of a straight connecting pipe with the length of 1 m-3 m by adopting a steering joint, and the other end of the straight connecting pipe with the length of 1 m-3 m extends out of circular through holes arranged on the left side wall of the outer box in the freezing box main box body (1) and the left side wall of the outer frame (4) and is welded with an inlet pipe of the compressor (16); the inlet at the lower end of the left cooler is connected with one end of another straight connecting pipe with the length of 1 m-3 m through a steering joint, and the other end of the other straight connecting pipe with the length of 1 m-3 m extends out of circular through holes arranged on the left side wall of the outer box body in the main freezing box body (1) and the left side wall of the outer frame (4) and is welded with an outlet pipe of the compressor (16).
5. The device for simulating a drawing test of a concrete pile in a frozen soil layer according to claim 4, wherein the cooling part circularly arranged in a snake shape consists of straight pipe sections and curved pipe sections, the lengths of the straight pipe sections are 40 cm-60 cm, the adjacent 2 straight pipe sections are parallel to each other, the distance between the adjacent 2 straight pipe sections is 5 cm-6 cm, one ends of the adjacent 2 straight pipe sections are smoothly connected and communicated by the curved pipe sections, the other ends of the adjacent 2 straight pipe sections are smoothly connected and communicated with the end parts of the adjacent straight pipe sections by the curved pipe sections, the end parts of the adjacent 2 straight pipe sections of the cooling part are smoothly connected and communicated by the curved pipe sections alternately left and right in turn, and the like until the cooling part circularly arranged in the snake shape is completed;
The lower ends of the left cooler and the right cooler are inlets, the upper ends of the left cooler and the right cooler are outlets, the upper ends of the front cooler and the rear cooler are inlets, and the lower ends of the front cooler and the rear cooler are outlets.
6. A device for simulating a drawing test of a concrete pile in a frozen soil layer according to claim 1, wherein the drawing system further comprises a motor (10), a speed governor (24) and a gear (22);
the drawing rod (19) comprises a cuboid steel rod and a straight rack;
The bottom of the straight rack is welded on the right side surface of the cuboid steel rod, and the tooth surface of the straight rack faces to the right;
The drawing force reaction frame (7) comprises 2 upright posts, steel rings and cross beams with the same structure;
The top ends of the 2 upright posts with the same structure are welded with the two ends of the cross beam, the 2 upright posts with the same structure are parallel to each other, the 2 upright posts with the same structure are perpendicular to each other and are positioned below the cross beam, and the steel ring is welded on the left side of the center of the top end of the cross beam in a standing manner;
the motor (10) adopts a 61K180RGU-CF speed regulating motor, is fixed on the right side of the center of a cross beam in the drawing force reaction frame (7) by bolts, a rotating shaft of the motor (10) is parallel to the transverse end face of the cross beam of the cuboid plate, a gear (22) is arranged on the rotating shaft of the motor (10) through a key connecting sleeve, a single-row 6-pin plug of the motor (10) is inserted into a single-row 6-pin interface of a speed regulator (24), a power wire of the speed regulator (24) with the model of US-52 is inserted into a 220V alternating current power supply, and the speed regulator (24) is arranged at a position 10 cm-30 cm away from the motor (10); the pulling rod (19) is vertically inserted into a pulling rod square hole in the center of the cross beam, the straight rack is meshed with the gear (22), and the bottom end of the pulling rod (19) is welded with the top end of the anchor (9).
7. A device for simulating a pull test of a concrete pile in a frozen soil layer according to claim 1, wherein the measuring system further comprises a tubular dynamometer (17) and an intelligent measurement and control instrument (14);
The sensor limiting plate (13) consists of a square steel plate and an opening lifting hook;
A round through hole of a pull rod with the diameter of 0.5 cm-1 cm is arranged at the position of 3 cm-5 cm on the left side of the center of the square steel plate, and an opening lifting hook with the model SL-H1010-3.2 is welded at the position of 5 cm-6 cm on the left side of the center of the bottom end face of the square steel plate;
The displacement sensor (8) adopts a displacement sensor with the model of KTC-200mm, the bottom end of the displacement sensor (8) is fixed on a cross beam in a drawing force counter-force frame (7) by adopting matched screws and a fixed bracket, the tie rod end of the displacement sensor (8) is inserted into a round through hole on a square steel plate piece in a sensor limiting plate (13) and then is mounted on the extending end of the tie rod by adopting a nut, and a blue black joint of a data wire on the displacement sensor (8) is inserted into a J3 channel interface corresponding to an intelligent measurement and control instrument (14); the pull ring at the top end of the tubular dynamometer (17) is hung on an opening lifting hook welded in advance on the sensor limiting plate (13), and the hook at the bottom end of the tubular dynamometer (17) is hooked on a steel ring welded in advance at the top end of the cross beam in the drawing force reaction frame (7).
8. A device for simulating a pull test of a concrete pile in a frozen soil layer according to claim 1, wherein the information acquisition system further comprises a static resistance strain gauge (12) and a computer (18);
13-32 strain gages (6) with the same structure are all strain gages with the size of BX120-50AA, 13-32 strain gages (6) with the same structure are adhered from 5-10 cm away from the bottom surface of a concrete pile (5) to be tested in an upward layered manner, 4 strain gages (6) with the same structure are adhered to each layer, the spacing between every two adjacent 2 strain gages (6) with the same structure in each layer is 90 degrees, the spacing between every two adjacent 2 strain gages (6) in the vertical direction is 5-10 cm, each strain gage (6) is uniformly adhered to the outer wall of the concrete pile (5) to be tested by 502 glue, each metal wire of the strain gages (6) with the same structure is connected with copper wires in each wire of a static resistance strain gage (12) with the size of XL2101B5 in a spot welding manner, and the connecting position is firmly adhered by an insulating adhesive tape; the computer (18) is a normal desk computer, and is placed at a position 1 m-5 m away from the main box body (1) of the freezing box, a signal wire of the static resistance strain gauge (12) is inserted into a USB interface of the computer (18), and the static resistance strain gauge (12) is placed at a position 0.1 m-0.5 m away from the computer (18).
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