CN113860838A - 一种抗泛碱彩色饰面砂浆 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种抗泛碱彩色饰面砂浆，包括以下组分及重量份含量：铝酸盐水泥150‑200份，石膏50‑100份，砂600‑800份，海藻酸钠1‑5份，纤维素醚0.5‑1.5份，消泡剂0.3‑1.0份，减水剂2‑8份，颜料4‑8份，水100‑150份。与现有技术相比，本发明的抗泛碱彩色饰面砂浆选用铝酸盐水泥作为主要胶凝材料，铝酸盐水泥可从根本上避免了Ca(OH)2的产生，并且选用的海藻酸钠具有鳌合金属阳离子的作用，从而大大减少了碱性阳离子的产生，进而抑制砂浆内部可溶性盐离子向外的迁移，以达到抑制饰面砂浆泛碱的作用；此外保水剂、消泡剂和减水剂的复合应用增加了饰面砂浆的密实度和强度，进一步辅助性减少砂浆内部可溶性盐离子向表面迁移。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于建筑装饰材料技术领域，涉及一种抗泛碱彩色饰面砂浆。
背景技术
饰面砂浆是主要由胶凝材料、骨料、聚合物、外加剂及颜料组成，是一种新型墙体装饰材料。一方面，饰面砂浆作为无机装饰材料，与市面上有机涂料相比，饰面砂浆与墙体保温***有更好的匹配性和相容性，具有很好的耐久性，并且从成本和环保上来看，比有机涂料更具有可持续发展性。另一方面，饰面砂浆粉刷厚度比较薄，与瓷砖相比具有重量轻，降低墙体保温***的负荷等优点。这种装饰材料在欧洲等发达国家已大量代替涂料、瓷砖等用于墙体装饰，得到广泛的应用。与国外相比，我国对饰面砂浆的研究比较晚，又因为传统水泥基胶凝材料容易出现泛白和色差等问题，严重影响建筑墙体的美观，所以一直得不到推广应用。
泛碱现象是水泥基材料比较常见而又难以避免的问题之一，其原因是由于水泥在水化过程中以及原料本身会产生可溶性盐，并通过饰面砂浆内部的水分迁移和表面水分蒸发在砂浆表面形成白色物质沉积造成的。而形成泛碱的主要因素为：(1)存在可溶性盐；(2)存在大量连通孔；(3)砂浆内部水分的蒸发；(4)温湿交变的外部环境。在实际应用过程中后面两种泛碱因素可控程度较低，导致水泥基材料的泛碱现象频繁发生。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是针对现有饰面砂浆易出现泛碱现象的问题而提供一种具有无泛碱、不开裂、强度高、防水、透气、工作性好、装饰效果优异的彩色饰面砂浆。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案来实现：
一种抗泛碱彩色饰面砂浆，包括以下组分及重量份含量：
进一步地，所述的铝酸盐水泥为CA-50、CA-60或CA-70型铝酸盐水泥中的一种。
进一步地，所述的石膏为半水石膏或无水石膏。
进一步地，所述的砂为粒径为10-150目的河砂或机制砂。
进一步地，所述的海藻酸钠为粒径19-30μm的粉末状海藻酸钠。
进一步地，所述的纤维素醚为羟丙基甲基纤维素醚、羟乙基甲基纤维素醚、羟乙基纤维素醚中的一种。
进一步地，所述的纤维素醚的粘度为10000-50000mPa·s。
进一步地，所述的消泡剂为有机硅消泡剂或聚醚消泡剂。
进一步地，所述的减水剂为聚羧酸减水剂、磺化三聚氰胺减水剂或氨基磺酸钠减水剂中的一种。
进一步地，所述的颜料为无机颜料和有机颜料其中的一种或两种混合。
进一步地，所述的水应满足工业用水标准。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下特点：
1)本发明的抗泛碱彩色饰面砂浆选用铝酸盐水泥作为主要胶凝材料，铝酸盐水泥可从根本上避免Ca(OH)2的产生，并且选用的海藻酸钠具有鳌合金属阳离子的作用，在铝酸盐水泥水化过程中，海藻酸钠可以鳌合体系中的Ca2+等可溶性阳离子，减少砂浆内部可溶性盐离子向外的迁移，以达到抑制饰面砂浆泛碱的作用；此外海藻酸钠溶解后具有黏性，在饰面砂浆体系中具有增稠的作用，降低饰面砂浆出现泌水的可能性；
2)本发明的抗泛碱彩色饰面砂浆实现了对墙体饰面砂浆泛碱的控制，其各项性能均符合JC/T 1024-2019《墙体饰面砂浆》的标准，并且制备的抗泛碱彩色饰面砂浆具有无泛碱，不开裂，强度高、防水、透气、工作性好、颜色及造型丰富等特点，非常适合建筑物的室内或室外墙面装饰。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。
一种抗泛碱彩色饰面砂浆，包括以下组分及重量份含量：
其中，铝酸盐水泥为CA-50、CA-60或CA-70型铝酸盐水泥中的一种；石膏为半水石膏或无水石膏；砂为粒径为10-150目的河砂或机制砂；海藻酸钠为粒径19-30μm的粉末状海藻酸钠；纤维素醚为羟丙基甲基纤维素醚、羟乙基甲基纤维素醚、羟乙基纤维素醚中的一种；纤维素醚的粘度为10000-50000mPa·s；消泡剂为有机硅消泡剂或聚醚消泡剂；减水剂为聚羧酸减水剂、磺化三聚氰胺减水剂或氨基磺酸钠减水剂中的一种；颜料为无机颜料和有机颜料其中的一种或两种混合；所用水应满足工业用水标准。
以下是更加详细的实施案例，通过以下实施案例进一步说明本发明的技术方案以及所能够获得的技术效果。
实施例：
一种抗泛碱彩色饰面砂浆，其制备方法为将铝酸盐水泥、半水石膏、石英砂、海藻酸钠、羟丙基甲基纤维素醚、消泡剂、聚羧酸减水剂、颜料、水混合并进行搅拌，搅拌1min后暂停1min，并将附着在搅拌机壁上的砂浆刮下，之后继续搅拌2min，即得到上述饰面砂浆。其中各组分配比如表1所示。
表1实施例与对比例的原料配比及信息
本实施例还根据JC/T 1024-2019《墙体饰面砂浆》，对各实验组和对比组所制备的抗泛碱彩色饰面砂浆性能进行表征与测试，其结果与墙体饰面砂浆标准对比如表2所示，从表中可以看到，实验组所制备的抗泛碱彩色饰面砂浆的各项性能均满足标准，甚至高于标准，而对比1所制备的抗泛碱彩色饰面砂浆仅有少部分性能满足标准。
表2实施例和对比例饰面砂浆的性能
注：表2中的性能测试方法参照JC/T 1024-2019墙体饰面砂浆标准。
上述的对实施例的描述是为便于该技术领域的普通技术人员能理解和使用发明。熟悉本领域技术的人员显然可以容易地对这些实施例做出各种修改，并把在此说明的一般原理应用到其他实施例中而不必经过创造性的劳动。因此，本发明不限于上述实施例，本领域技术人员根据本发明的揭示，不脱离本发明范畴所做出的改进和修改都应该在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种抗泛碱彩色饰面砂浆，其特征在于，该饰面砂浆包括以下组分及重量份含量：
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗泛碱彩色饰面砂浆，其特征在于，所述的铝酸盐水泥为CA-50、CA-60或CA-70型铝酸盐水泥中的一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗泛碱彩色饰面砂浆，其特征在于，所述的石膏为半水石膏或无水石膏。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗泛碱彩色饰面砂浆，其特征在于，所述的砂为粒径10-150目的河砂或机制砂。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗泛碱彩色饰面砂浆，其特征在于，所述的海藻酸钠为粒径19-30μm的粉末状海藻酸钠。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗泛碱彩色饰面砂浆，其特征在于，所述的纤维素醚为羟丙基甲基纤维素醚、羟乙基甲基纤维素醚、羟乙基纤维素醚中的一种。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种抗泛碱彩色饰面砂浆，其特征在于，所述的纤维素醚的粘度为10000-50000mPa·s。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗泛碱彩色饰面砂浆，其特征在于，所述的消泡剂为有机硅消泡剂或聚醚消泡剂。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗泛碱彩色饰面砂浆，其特征在于，所述的减水剂为聚羧酸减水剂、磺化三聚氰胺减水剂或氨基磺酸钠减水剂中的一种。
10.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗泛碱彩色饰面砂浆，其特征在于，所述的颜料为无机颜料和有机颜料其中的一种或两种混合。
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