CN113860339A - Carbon-fixing seawater magnesium-extracting energy system and method for generating electricity by utilizing renewable energy - Google Patents
Carbon-fixing seawater magnesium-extracting energy system and method for generating electricity by utilizing renewable energy Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a carbon-fixing seawater magnesium extraction energy system and method for generating power by utilizing renewable energy, wherein magnesium chloride extracted from seawater is electrolyzed by utilizing renewable energy electric power which cannot be absorbed by a power grid, a part of generated magnesium simple substance is used for reacting with carbon dioxide sealed at the seabed to generate magnesium oxide and carbon simple substance to realize carbon fixation, and a large amount of heat released by carbon-fixing reaction is absorbed by fresh water separated from seawater and enters a steam turbine to do work for power generation. The method realizes the effective utilization of renewable energy power generation and the fixation of carbon dioxide, and also reduces the cost of extracting magnesium from seawater.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of renewable energy utilization and carbon neutralization, and particularly relates to a carbon-fixing seawater magnesium extraction energy system and method for generating power by utilizing renewable energy.
Background
With the proposal and implementation of 2030C peak and 2060C neutralization targets, the energy structure of China will present a pattern that renewable energy gradually replaces traditional fossil energy in the future. However, new energy power generation systems represented by wind energy, photo-thermal energy and photovoltaic energy have the problems of unstable power supply, intermittence and uncertainty due to the reasons of regions, seasons, climates, time, policies, technical maturity and the like, are difficult to match with the existing power grid system, and even have the phenomena of wind abandonment and light abandonment in some places. The seabed carbon dioxide sequestration technology is used for pressurizing and liquefying the captured carbon dioxide, and then injecting the carbon dioxide into the seabed 3000 meters below the sea level through a pipeline, wherein the density of the liquid carbon dioxide is higher than that of seawater, and the liquid carbon dioxide becomes a carbon dioxide lake on the seabed. However, the carbon storage capacity in a certain sea area is limited, and as more and more carbon dioxide is stored, the ecological balance of the sea bottom may be damaged. The sea has abundant magnesium resources, magnesium elementary substances can be extracted by electrolyzing magnesium chloride in seawater, but electrolysis usually consumes a large amount of electric energy, so that the cost for extracting magnesium is higher.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a carbon-fixing seawater magnesium extraction energy system and method for generating power by utilizing renewable energy sources. The method realizes the effective utilization of renewable energy power generation and the fixation of carbon dioxide, and also reduces the cost of extracting magnesium from seawater.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a carbon-fixing seawater magnesium-extracting energy system for generating power by utilizing renewable energy comprises a seawater magnesium-extracting system, a carbon-fixing system and a steam power generation system.
The seawater magnesium extraction system comprises a calcining device, a membrane separation device, a reaction tank, a hydrate generation device, a dehydration drying device, a magnesium electrolysis device and a renewable energy power generation system;
the carbon fixation system comprises a carbon dioxide sealing platform, a gasification device, a carbon fixation reactor and a carbon separation device;
the steam power generation system comprises a water treatment device, a solid carbon reactor, a steam-water separation device, a steam turbine, a generator, a condenser, a condensate pump and a feed pump;
in the seawater magnesium extraction system, an inlet of a membrane separation device is connected with seawater, a fresh water outlet is connected with an inlet of a water treatment device of a steam power generation system, a strong brine outlet is connected with an inlet of a reaction tank, an inlet on the other side of the reaction tank is connected with an outlet of a calcining device, an outlet of the reaction tank is connected with an inlet of a hydrate generating device, an inlet on the other side of the hydrate generating device is connected with a hydrochloric acid inlet, an outlet of the hydrate generating device is connected with an inlet of a dehydration drying device, an outlet of the dehydration drying device is connected with an inlet of an electrolytic magnesium device, an inlet on the other side of the electrolytic magnesium device is connected with a magnesium chloride outlet of a carbon separation device, and a magnesium simple substance outlet of the electrolytic magnesium device is connected with a magnesium simple substance inlet of a solid carbon reactor;
in the carbon sequestration system, an inlet of a carbon dioxide sequestration platform is connected with a seabed carbon dioxide lake, an outlet of the carbon dioxide sequestration platform is connected with an inlet of a gasification device, an outlet of the gasification device is connected with an inlet of a solid carbon reactor, and an outlet of the solid carbon reactor is connected with an inlet of a carbon separation device;
in the steam power generation system, the outlet of a water treatment device is connected with the inlet of a water feed pump, the outlet of the water feed pump is connected with the inlet of a heat absorption section pipeline in a solid carbon reactor, the outlet of the heat absorption section pipeline is connected with the inlet of a steam-water separation device, the outlet of the water side of the steam-water separation device is connected with the inlet of the water treatment device, the outlet of the steam side of the steam-water separation device is connected with the inlet of a steam turbine, the outlet of the steam turbine is connected with the inlet of a condenser, the outlet of the condenser is connected with the inlet of a condensate pump, and the outlet of the condensate pump is connected with a circulating water pipeline.
A method for realizing seawater magnesium extraction, carbon dioxide fixation and steam power generation by using a carbon-fixing seawater magnesium extraction energy system for power generation by renewable energy sources comprises the following specific steps:
the seawater enters a membrane separation device to separate fresh water and strong brine containing magnesium ions;
utilizing seaside shells, the main component of which is calcium carbonate, to calcine in a calcining device to generate carbon dioxide and calcium oxide, wherein the carbon dioxide can be used for carbon fixation reaction, and the calcium oxide enters a reaction tank to generate magnesium hydroxide precipitate with magnesium ions in strong brine;
introducing hydrochloric acid into a hydrate generating device containing magnesium hydroxide precipitate to generate magnesium chloride hydrate-magnesium chloride hexahydrate;
the magnesium chloride hexahydrate enters a dehydration drying device for dehydration and purification to obtain high-purity magnesium chloride;
the magnesium electrolysis device utilizes the renewable energy power generation system to provide electric energy to electrolyze magnesium chloride to obtain magnesium elementary substance and chlorine, wherein the chlorine can be used for producing hydrochloric acid required by the system and can also be used for sale after being collected, when the price of magnesium is high, the magnesium is used for sale profit, and when the price of magnesium is low, the magnesium elementary substance enters the solid carbon reactor to perform solid carbon reaction with carbon dioxide, so that the conversion of carbon from gaseous carbon dioxide to solid carbon elementary substance is realized, and the reaction is 2Mg + CO22MgO + C under the reaction condition of ignition;
the carbon fixation reaction generates a mixture of magnesium oxide and carbon, the mixture enters a carbon separation device and reacts with hydrochloric acid to generate magnesium chloride and water, and the generated magnesium chloride can be used for electrolyzing magnesium after separation;
one part of raw material carbon dioxide of the carbon fixation reaction is extracted from a carbon dioxide lake which is sealed below 3000 meters of the seabed, is decompressed and heated by a gasification device to be changed into a gas state, and the other part of raw material carbon dioxide comes from carbon dioxide generated by calcining shells;
fresh water after seawater membrane separation absorbs a large amount of heat released by carbon fixation reaction after water treatment, high-temperature and high-pressure steam separated in a steam-water separation device enters a steam turbine to do work to drive a generator to generate power, and exhaust steam enters a condenser to be condensed into liquid water to be pressurized and then continuously circulated.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
local materials are used, the seaside shells are used for producing calcium oxide, and the carbon is fixed from a gas state to a solid state by using the carbon dioxide sealed at the sea bottom, so that the method is an important way for realizing a double-carbon target, and the cost caused by long-distance transportation of reactants is reduced; the electric power of the renewable energy power generation system is utilized, the consumption of the renewable energy electric power is realized, particularly for offshore wind power, the energy loss caused by long-distance power transmission and distribution is reduced, and the cost of extracting magnesium from seawater is reduced; magnesium is an important industrial metal, and realizes effective utilization of ocean resources.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a carbon-fixing seawater magnesium extraction energy system for generating power by using renewable energy.
Description of reference numerals:
1-a carbon dioxide sequestration platform; 2-a gasification unit; 3-a calcination device; 4-a membrane separation device; 5-a water treatment device; 6-a reaction tank; 7-a steam-water separation device; 8-a carbon fixation reactor; 9-a carbon separation device; a 10-hydrate generating device; 11-a magnesium electrolysis device; 12-a dehydration drying device; 13-a renewable energy power generation system; 14-a steam turbine; 15-a generator; 16-a condenser; 17-a condensate pump; 18-water supply pump.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the carbon-fixing seawater magnesium-extracting energy system for generating power by using renewable energy comprises a seawater magnesium-extracting system, a carbon-fixing system and a steam power generation system.
The seawater magnesium extraction system comprises a calcining device 3, a membrane separation device 4, a reaction tank 6, a hydrate generation device 10, a dehydration drying device 12, a magnesium electrolysis device 11 and a renewable energy power generation system 13.
The carbon fixation system comprises a carbon dioxide sealing platform 1, a gasification device 2, a carbon fixation reactor 8 and a carbon separation device 9.
The steam power generation system comprises a water treatment device 5, a solid carbon reactor 8, a steam-water separation device 7, a steam turbine 14, a generator 15, a condenser 16, a condensate pump 17 and a feed pump 18.
The seawater magnesium extraction system is characterized in that an inlet of a membrane separation device 4 is connected with seawater, a fresh water outlet is connected with an inlet of a water treatment device 5 of a steam power generation system, a strong brine outlet is connected with an inlet of a reaction tank 6, an inlet of the other side of the reaction tank 6 is connected with an outlet of a calcining device 3, an outlet of the reaction tank 6 is connected with an inlet of a hydrate generation device 10, an inlet of the other side of the hydrate generation device 10 is connected with a hydrochloric acid inlet, an outlet of the hydrate generation device 10 is connected with an inlet of a dehydration drying device 12, an outlet of the dehydration drying device 12 is connected with an inlet of an electrolytic magnesium device 11, an inlet of the other side of the electrolytic magnesium device 11 is connected with a magnesium chloride outlet of a carbon separation device 9, and a magnesium simple substance outlet of the electrolytic magnesium device 11 is connected with a magnesium simple substance inlet of a solid carbon reactor 8.
In the carbon sequestration system, an inlet of a carbon dioxide sequestration platform 1 is connected with a seabed carbon dioxide lake, an outlet of the carbon dioxide sequestration platform 1 is connected with an inlet of a gasification device 2, an outlet of the gasification device 2 is connected with an inlet of a solid carbon reactor 8, an outlet of the solid carbon reactor 8 is connected with an inlet of a carbon separation device 9, and an outlet of the carbon separation device 9 is connected with an inlet of an electrolytic magnesium device 11.
In the steam power generation system, the outlet of the water treatment device 5 is connected with the inlet of a water feeding pump 18, the outlet of the water feeding pump 18 is connected with the inlet of a heat absorption section pipeline in the solid carbon reactor 8, the outlet of the heat absorption section pipeline is connected with the inlet of a steam-water separation device 7, the outlet of the water side of the steam-water separation device 7 is connected with the inlet of the water treatment device 5, the outlet of the steam side of the steam-water separation device 7 is connected with the inlet of a steam turbine 14, the outlet of the steam turbine 14 is connected with the inlet of a condenser 16, the outlet of the condenser 16 is connected with the inlet of a condensate pump 17, and the outlet of the condensate pump 17 is connected with a circulating water pipeline.
Specifically, an embodiment of a carbon-fixing seawater magnesium energy system for power generation by using renewable energy sources comprises the following working procedures:
the seawater enters a membrane separation device 4 to separate fresh water and strong brine containing magnesium ions;
utilizing seaside shells, the main component of which is calcium carbonate, to calcine in a calcining device 3 to generate carbon dioxide and calcium oxide, wherein the carbon dioxide can be used for carbon fixation reaction, and the calcium oxide enters a reaction tank 6 to generate magnesium hydroxide precipitate with magnesium ions in strong brine;
introducing hydrochloric acid into a hydrate generating device 10 containing magnesium hydroxide precipitate to generate magnesium chloride hydrate-magnesium chloride hexahydrate;
the magnesium chloride hexahydrate enters a dehydration drying device 12 for dehydration and purification to obtain high-purity magnesium chloride;
the renewable energy power generation system 13 is utilized to provide electric energy, magnesium chloride is electrolyzed in the magnesium electrolysis device 11 to obtain magnesium elementary substance and chlorine, the chlorine can be used for producing hydrochloric acid required by the system and can also be used for sale after being collected, when the price of magnesium is high, magnesium is used for sale and is profitable, and when the price of magnesium is low, the magnesium elementary substance enters the solid carbon reactor 8 to perform solid carbon reaction with carbon dioxide, so that the conversion of carbon from gaseous carbon dioxide to solid carbon elementary substance is realized, and the reaction is 2Mg + CO22MgO + C under the reaction condition of ignition;
the carbon fixation reaction generates a mixture of magnesium oxide and carbon, the mixture enters a carbon separation device 9 to react with hydrochloric acid to generate magnesium chloride and water, and the generated magnesium chloride can be used for electrolyzing magnesium after separation;
one part of raw material carbon dioxide of the carbon fixation reaction is extracted from a carbon dioxide lake which is sealed below 3000 meters of the seabed through a carbon dioxide sealing platform 1, is decompressed and heated by a gasification device 2 to become gaseous, and the other part of raw material carbon dioxide comes from carbon dioxide generated by calcining shells;
fresh water after seawater membrane separation absorbs a large amount of heat released by a solid carbon reaction in a solid carbon reactor 8 through a water treatment device 5 and a water feed pump 18, high-temperature and high-pressure steam separated in a steam-water separation device 7 enters a steam turbine 14 to do work to drive a generator 15 to generate power, and exhaust steam enters a condenser 16 to be condensed into liquid water to be pressurized and then continuously circulated.
Claims (5)
1. A carbon-fixing seawater magnesium-extracting energy system for generating power by utilizing renewable energy is characterized by comprising a seawater magnesium-extracting system, a carbon-fixing system and a steam power generation system;
the seawater magnesium extraction system comprises a calcining device (3), a membrane separation device (4), a reaction tank (6), a hydrate generation device (10), a dehydration drying device (12), a magnesium electrolysis device (11) and a renewable energy power generation system (13);
the carbon fixation system comprises a carbon dioxide sealing platform (1), a gasification device (2), a carbon fixation reactor (8) and a carbon separation device (9);
the steam power generation system comprises a water treatment device (5), a solid carbon reactor (8), a steam-water separation device (7), a steam turbine (14), a generator (15), a condenser (16), a condensate pump (17) and a feed pump (18);
in the seawater magnesium extraction system, an inlet of a membrane separation device (4) is connected with seawater, a fresh water outlet is connected with an inlet of a water treatment device (5), a strong brine outlet is connected with an inlet of a reaction tank (6), an inlet on the other side of the reaction tank (6) is connected with an outlet of a calcining device (3), an outlet of the reaction tank (6) is connected with an inlet of a hydrate generating device (10), an inlet on the other side of the hydrate generating device (10) is connected with a hydrochloric acid inlet, an outlet of the hydrate generating device (10) is connected with an inlet of a dehydration drying device (12), an outlet of the dehydration drying device (12) is connected with an inlet of an electrolytic magnesium device (11), an inlet on the other side of the electrolytic magnesium device (11) is connected with a magnesium chloride outlet of a carbon separation device (9), and a magnesium simple substance outlet of the electrolytic magnesium device (11) is connected with a magnesium simple substance inlet of a solid carbon reactor (8);
in the carbon sequestration system, an inlet of a carbon dioxide sequestration platform (1) is connected with a seabed carbon dioxide lake, an outlet of the carbon dioxide sequestration platform (1) is connected with an inlet of a gasification device (2), an outlet of the gasification device (2) is connected with an inlet of a carbon sequestration reactor (8), and an outlet of the carbon sequestration reactor (8) is connected with an inlet of a carbon separation device (9);
in the steam power generation system, an outlet of a water treatment device (5) is connected with an inlet of a water feeding pump (18), an outlet of the water feeding pump (18) is connected with an inlet of a heat absorption section pipeline in a solid carbon reactor (8), an outlet of the heat absorption section pipeline is connected with an inlet of a steam-water separation device (7), an outlet of a water side of the steam-water separation device (7) is connected with an inlet of the water treatment device (5), a steam side outlet of the steam-water separation device (7) is connected with an inlet of a steam turbine (14), an outlet of the steam turbine (14) is connected with an inlet of a condenser (16), an outlet of the condenser (16) is connected with an inlet of a condensate pump (17), and an outlet of the condensate pump (17) is connected with a circulating water pipeline.
2. The carbon-fixing seawater magnesium extraction energy system for generating power by using renewable energy sources as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electric energy required by the seawater magnesium extraction system is from a renewable energy power generation system (13).
3. The system for extracting magnesium from fixed carbon seawater for power generation by using renewable energy sources as claimed in claim 1, wherein a part of carbon dioxide of the fixed carbon system is from carbon dioxide sequestered on the seabed, another part of carbon dioxide is from carbon dioxide generated by calcining shells, and magnesium chloride separated by the carbon separation device (9) is used for electrolyzing magnesium.
4. The carbon-fixed seawater magnesium energy system for generating power from renewable energy according to claim 1, wherein the energy of the steam power generation system is derived from the heat generated in the carbon-fixed reactor (8), and a part of the water is derived from the fresh water generated by the membrane separation unit (4).
5. The method for realizing seawater magnesium extraction, carbon dioxide fixation and steam power generation by using the carbon-fixing seawater magnesium extraction energy system for power generation by using renewable energy sources, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the seawater enters a membrane separation device (4) to separate fresh water and strong brine containing magnesium ions;
calcining seaside shells in a calcining device (3) to generate carbon dioxide and calcium oxide, wherein the carbon dioxide is used for carbon fixation reaction, and the calcium oxide enters a reaction tank (6) to react with magnesium ions in concentrated brine to generate magnesium hydroxide precipitate;
introducing hydrochloric acid into a hydrate generating device (10) containing magnesium hydroxide precipitate to generate magnesium chloride hydrate-magnesium chloride hexahydrate;
the magnesium chloride hexahydrate enters a dehydration drying device (12) for dehydration and purification to obtain high-purity magnesium chloride;
the method comprises the steps that electric energy is provided by a renewable energy power generation system (13), magnesium chloride is electrolyzed in a magnesium electrolysis device (11) to obtain magnesium elementary substance and chlorine, and the chlorine is collected and then used for producing hydrochloric acid required by the system or used for sale;
the carbon fixation reaction generates a mixture of magnesium oxide and carbon, the mixture enters a carbon separation device (9) to react with hydrochloric acid to generate magnesium chloride and water, and the generated magnesium chloride is used for electrolyzing magnesium after separation;
one part of raw material carbon dioxide of the carbon fixation reaction is extracted from a carbon dioxide lake sealed at the seabed through a carbon dioxide sealing platform (1), is decompressed and heated by a gasification device (2) to be changed into a gas state, and the other part of the raw material carbon dioxide comes from carbon dioxide generated by calcining shells;
fresh water after seawater membrane separation absorbs a large amount of heat released by a solid carbon reaction in a solid carbon reactor (8) through a water treatment device (5) and a water feed pump (18), high-temperature and high-pressure steam separated in a steam-water separation device (7) enters a steam turbine (14) to do work to drive a generator (15) to generate power, and exhaust steam enters a condenser (16) to be condensed into liquid water to be pressurized and then continuously circulated.
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| GB2620296A (en) * | 2023-01-30 | 2024-01-03 | Univ Jiangsu Science & Tech | Direct seawater circulation and hydrogen production system utilizing low-quality marine new energy and working method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2620296A (en) * | 2023-01-30 | 2024-01-03 | Univ Jiangsu Science & Tech | Direct seawater circulation and hydrogen production system utilizing low-quality marine new energy and working method |
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Application publication date: 20211231 |