CN113851861A - Magnetoelectric dipole broadband polarization torsion lens antenna and phase compensation method thereof - Google Patents
Magnetoelectric dipole broadband polarization torsion lens antenna and phase compensation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113851861A CN113851861A CN202111192984.4A CN202111192984A CN113851861A CN 113851861 A CN113851861 A CN 113851861A CN 202111192984 A CN202111192984 A CN 202111192984A CN 113851861 A CN113851861 A CN 113851861A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/02—Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
- H01Q15/242—Polarisation converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/06—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
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Abstract
The invention discloses a magnetoelectric dipole broadband polarization torsion lens antenna and a phase compensation method thereof. The upper end of the transmitting antenna is provided with a conical medium coating layer which is mainly used for increasing the phase adjusting range; and the surface of the top metal layer is provided with an electric dipole, a magnetic dipole and a center feed structure. The invention flexibly realizes the conversion from linear polarized waves to circular polarized waves by adopting a sequential rotation scheme on a transmitting antenna layer, and particularly provides an ultra-2-bit phase compensation scheme, which realizes wider 3-dB gain and AR overlapping bandwidth (47 percent) and has only the section height of sub-wavelength.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas of wireless communication systems, in particular to a magnetoelectric dipole broadband polarization torsion lens antenna and a phase compensation method thereof.
Background
The lens antenna has practical significance for point-to-point links, satellite communications and radar systems, base station return systems and other applications because it can emit pen-shaped directional beams. Meanwhile, circularly polarized antennas are essential in many of these applications due to their advantages of resistance to multipath fading, faraday rotation effect, and polarization mismatch loss, as compared to linearly polarized antennas. The dielectric lens antenna is a classical solution for realizing circularly polarized radiation from a linear polarized source to high gain, but the volume and the loss of the dielectric lens antenna are usually large, while the transmission array antenna has the advantages of being planar, light in weight, easy to manufacture and the like, and is a better choice for realizing directional circularly polarized beams. However, one major problem associated with these transmit arrays is the relatively narrow bandwidth, with overlapping 3-dB gain and AR bandwidth typically less than 20%, and room for improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a magnetoelectric dipole broadband polarization torsion lens antenna and a phase compensation method thereof, which are used to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art. The present invention proposes a hybrid lens structure combining transmissive array elements and tapered dielectric coating blocks to optimize broadband performance and lens profile. By utilizing the polarization torsion magnetoelectric dipole structure coated by the medium, the broadband unit with wider phase adjusting range is realized. The proposed discrete lens antenna with sub-wavelength height can reach 47% of the operating bandwidth, and the described design achieves the widest bandwidth in circularly polarized lenses and transmissive arrays using linear polarization feeds.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a magneto-electric dipole broadband polarization torsion lens antenna, said lens antenna comprising a plurality of antenna elements, said antenna elements comprising a transmitting antenna (15) and a receiving antenna (16);
the transmitting antenna (15) comprises a top metal layer (2), a first dielectric layer (3), a second metal layer (4), a first bonding layer (5), a second dielectric layer (6) and a third metal layer (7) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, an electric dipole arranged on the surface of the top metal layer (2), and a magnetic dipole (18) arranged inside the transmitting antenna (15);
the receiving antenna (16) comprises a fourth metal layer (9), a third dielectric layer (10), a third bonding layer (11), a fifth metal layer (12), a fourth dielectric layer (13), a bottom metal layer (14), an electric dipole arranged on the surface of the bottom metal layer (14), and a magnetic dipole (18) arranged inside the receiving antenna (16), wherein the fourth metal layer, the third dielectric layer (10), the third bonding layer (11), the fifth metal layer (12), the fourth dielectric layer (13) and the bottom metal layer (14) are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
the transmitting antenna (15) and the receiving antenna (16) are connected through a second adhesive layer (8) and are vertically symmetrical about the second adhesive layer (8);
the top of the transmitting antenna (15) is provided with a conical dielectric coating layer (1), a central feed structure (19) is arranged inside the transmitting antenna (15) and the receiving antenna (16), and the central feed structure (19) further comprises a probe.
Further, for the center feed structure (19) in the transmitting antenna (15), the probe of the center feed structure comprises a first strip patch (193) printed on the second metal layer (4) and a second strip patch (191) printed on the top metal layer (2), and a metalized blind hole (192) penetrating through the first dielectric layer (3) is connected between the first strip patch (193) and the second strip patch (191);
the center feed structure (19) further comprises a metalized through hole (194) penetrating through the first dielectric layer (3), the first adhesive layer (8) and the second dielectric layer (6).
Further, the length of the first strip patch (193) is shorter than that of the second strip patch (191).
Further, the electric dipole of the transmitting antenna (15) and the electric dipole of the receiving antenna (16) have the same structure, which includes a first square patch (171), a second square patch (172), a third square patch (173), and a fourth square patch (174), and the four square patches are uniform in size;
wherein for an electric dipole arranged in the transmitting antenna (15) it is arranged at a central position of the top metal layer (2);
correspondingly, for the electric dipole arranged on the receiving antenna (16), the electric dipole is arranged at the central position of the bottom metal layer (14).
Furthermore, the four square patches are arranged in central symmetry and are not in contact with each other, and metalized through holes are formed in two mutually close side edges of the four square patches.
Furthermore, the side length of the four square patches is a quarter of the resonant wavelength of the waveguide;
the thickness of the first dielectric layer (3), the first bonding layer (5) and the second dielectric layer (6) is one quarter of the waveguide resonant wavelength;
correspondingly, the thickness of the third dielectric layer (10), the third bonding layer (11) and the fourth dielectric layer (13) is also one quarter of the waveguide resonant wavelength.
Furthermore, the metallized through holes in the square patch in the transmitting antenna extend downwards to sequentially penetrate through the first dielectric layer (3), the first bonding layer (5), the second dielectric layer (6), the second bonding layer (8), the third dielectric layer (10), the third bonding layer (11) and the fourth dielectric layer (13) to form metallized through holes, and are finally connected to the corresponding metallized through holes in the square patch in the receiving antenna, so that the electric dipole at the upper part is electrically connected with the electric dipole at the lower part, and the magnetic dipole (18) is formed by the metallized through holes.
A phase compensation method for a magnetoelectric dipole broadband polarization torsion lens antenna specifically comprises the following steps:
the central feed structure of the transmitting antenna is rotated at 90 DEG intervals to generate circularly polarized transmitting beams, and the receiving antenna and the conical dielectric coating layer are used in cooperation with each other to achieve the phase compensation effect
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the discrete circularly polarized lens antenna array provided by the invention can achieve a wider 3-dB gain and an AR overlapping bandwidth (47%), which far exceeds the circularly polarized lens and the transmission array antenna which are excited by using a linear polarization feed source at present, and only has a relatively lower sub-wavelength thickness profile.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a single antenna element of a magnetoelectric dipole broadband polarization torsion lens antenna provided in embodiment 1;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a layered structure of a single antenna element of a magnetoelectric dipole broadband polarization torsion lens antenna provided in embodiment 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a complete center feed structure provided in embodiment 1;
fig. 4 is a simulation diagram of transmission coefficients of single antenna elements of a magnetoelectric dipole broadband polarization torsion lens antenna provided in embodiment 1;
fig. 5 is a simulation diagram of a variation of transmission coefficients of single antenna elements of the magnetoelectric dipole broadband polarization torsion lens antenna provided in embodiment 1 with respect to a section height of a tapered dielectric coating layer;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a counter-clockwise rotation placement method of a center feed structure of a magnetoelectric dipole broadband polarization torsion lens antenna based on a 4x4 array provided in embodiment 2;
fig. 7 is a phase distribution diagram of four phase compensation schemes provided in embodiment 2, wherein, fig. 7a is a phase distribution diagram of a transmitting antenna portion in an antenna unit, fig. 7b is a phase distribution diagram of a receiving antenna part based on a 1-bit phase compensation scheme, fig. 7c is a phase distribution diagram of a receiving antenna part based on a 2-bit phase compensation scheme, figure 7d is a phase distribution diagram of the receiving antenna part based on the super 2-bit phase compensation scheme, FIG. 7e is a phase distribution diagram of a receiving antenna part based on a full phase adjustment compensation scheme, FIG. 7f is a simulation diagram of thickness variation of a conical dielectric coating layer based on a 2-bit phase compensation scheme, FIG. 7g is a simulation diagram of the thickness variation of the conical dielectric coating layer based on the super 2-bit phase compensation scheme, FIG. 7h is a schematic diagram of a simulation of a thickness variation of a coating layer of a tapered medium based on a full phase adjustment compensation scheme;
FIG. 8 is a pictorial representation of the embodiment provided in example 2;
FIG. 9 is a comparison of simulation results for the four phase compensation schemes provided in example 2 with respect to gain and axial ratio bandwidth;
fig. 10 is a simulated normalized radiation pattern at 26GHz for a magnetoelectric dipole broadband polarization twist lens antenna provided in example 2;
fig. 11 is a normalized radiation pattern measured at 26GHz of a magnetoelectric dipole broadband polarization torsion lens antenna provided in example 2;
fig. 12 is a graph of simulation and actual measurement results of the magnetoelectric dipole broadband polarization torsion lens antenna provided in embodiment 2 with respect to gain and axial ratio;
in the drawings:
1-conical dielectric coating layer, 2-top metal layer, 3-first dielectric layer, 4-second metal layer, 5-first adhesive layer, 6-second dielectric layer, 7-third metal layer, 8-second adhesive layer, 9-fourth metal layer, 10-third dielectric layer, 11-third adhesive layer, 12-fifth metal layer, 13-fourth dielectric layer, 14-bottom metal layer, 15-transmitting antenna, 16-receiving antenna, 171-first square patch, 172-second square patch, 173-third square patch, 174-fourth square patch, 18-magnetic dipole, 19-central feed structure of receiving antenna, 191-second strip patch, 192-metalized blind hole, 193-first strip patch, 193-second strip patch, and the like, 194-metallized via, 20-circular slot, 21-center feed structure of the transmit antenna.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the present embodiment provides a magnetoelectric dipole broadband polarization torsion lens antenna, which includes a plurality of antenna units, where each antenna unit includes a conical dielectric coating layer 1, a top metal layer 2, a first dielectric layer 3, a second metal layer 4, a first adhesive layer 5, a second dielectric layer 6, a third metal layer 7, a second adhesive layer 8, a fourth metal layer 9, a third dielectric layer 10, a third adhesive layer 11, a fifth metal layer 12, a fourth dielectric layer 13, and a bottom metal layer 1, which are sequentially disposed from top to bottom.
The top metal layer 2, the first dielectric layer 3, the second metal layer 4, the first adhesive layer 5, the second dielectric layer 6, the third metal layer 7, the electric dipole arranged on the surface of the top metal layer 2, and the magnetic dipole 18 arranged inside the transmitting antenna 15 form the transmitting antenna 15 of the lens antenna unit.
The fourth metal layer 9, the third dielectric layer 10, the third adhesive layer 11, the fifth metal layer 12, the fourth dielectric layer 13, the bottom metal layer 14, the electric dipole arranged on the surface of the bottom metal layer 14, and the magnetic dipole 18 arranged inside the receiving antenna 16 form the receiving antenna 16 of the lens antenna unit.
The transmitting antenna 15 and the receiving antenna 16 are connected by the second adhesive layer 8 and are symmetrical up and down with respect to the second adhesive layer 8, and in the present embodiment, the transmitting antenna 15 and the receiving antenna 16 have the same structure.
Besides the above structure, in this embodiment, the upper end of the transmitting antenna 15 is further provided with a conical dielectric coating layer 1, and the conical dielectric coating layer 1 may be disposed at the bottom of the receiving antenna 16, or may not be disposed at the bottom of the receiving antenna 16, which is not limited in this embodiment; a center feed structure 19 is provided inside both the transmitting antenna 15 and the receiving antenna 16, the center feed structure 19 further including a probe.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the structure of the center feeding structure 21 of the transmitting antenna and the structure of the center feeding structure 19 of the receiving antenna are substantially the same, and each of them includes a metalized through hole and a probe, and the structure is specifically shown in fig. 3, where the center feeding structure in fig. 3 has an upper half part as the center feeding structure 21 of the transmitting antenna and a lower half part as the center feeding structure of the receiving antenna.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the upper probe may rotate counterclockwise with the lower probe pointing direction as a starting point and with 90 ° as a reference, for example: the included angle may be 0 °, 90 °, 180 ° or 270 °, and is not limited in this embodiment, that is, the upper probe and the lower probe coincide with each other, specifically, there is no included angle, and the included angle is what. Therefore, when the upper probe and the lower probe are overlapped, the structure of the center feed structure 21 of the transmitting antenna and the structure of the center feed structure 19 of the receiving antenna are vertically symmetrical with respect to the second adhesive layer 8.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the central feeding structure 19 of the transmitting antenna includes a first strip patch 193 printed on the second metal layer 4 and a second strip patch 191 printed on the top metal layer 2, and a blind via 192 penetrating through the first dielectric layer 3 and a through via 194 penetrating through the first dielectric layer 3, the first adhesive layer 5 and the second dielectric layer 6 are further connected between the first strip patch 193 and the second strip patch 191. In this embodiment, the second stripe patches 191 have a longer length than the first stripe patches 193.
In particular, in this embodiment, the center feed structure 19 is used to excite a magnetoelectric dipole antenna.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the electric dipole in the transmitting antenna 15 includes a first square patch 171, a second square patch 172, a third square patch 173, and a fourth square patch 174; the four square patches are of the same size and are arranged in the center of the top metal layer 2. In addition, in this embodiment, the four square patches are arranged in a central symmetry manner and are not in contact with each other, and metalized vias are arranged on two sides of the four square patches close to each other.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the sides of the four square patches are quarter waveguide resonant wavelengths; the thickness of the first dielectric layer 3, the first adhesive layer 5 and the second dielectric layer 6 is a quarter of the waveguide resonance wavelength.
More specifically, in the present embodiment, the electric dipole in the receiving antenna 16 has the same structure as described above.
Specifically, the metallized via holes in the square patch in the transmitting antenna 15 extend downward to sequentially penetrate through the first dielectric layer 3, the first adhesive layer 5, the second dielectric layer 6, the second adhesive layer 8, the third dielectric layer 10, the third adhesive layer 11 and the fourth dielectric layer 13 to form metallized through holes, and are finally connected to the corresponding metallized via holes in the square patch in the receiving antenna, so that the electric dipole at the upper part is electrically connected with the electric dipole at the lower part, and the magnetic dipole 18 is formed by the metallized through holes.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 6-12, in the present embodiment, in order to realize the conversion from linear polarization to circular polarization, the probe of the central feeding structure 19 of the transmitting antenna 15 is rotated at an interval of 90 °, so as to generate a circularly polarized transmitting beam, and the receiving antenna 16 and the conical dielectric coating 1 are used in cooperation to achieve the phase compensation effect.
Specifically, in this embodiment, four phase compensation schemes, namely, a 1-bit phase compensation scheme, a 2-bit phase compensation scheme, a super 2-bit phase compensation scheme and a full-phase adjustment phase compensation scheme are proposed and comparatively analyzed in this patent, where the above-mentioned tapered dielectric coating layer 1 is not used in the 1-bit phase compensation scheme, and the rotation of the feed probe direction of the receiving antenna 16 and the change of the thickness of the tapered dielectric coating layer 1 are used in all of the other three phase compensation schemes.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the same maximum phase delay is used in both the 2-bit and super 2-bit phase compensation schemes. However, in the 2-bit scheme, there are only two discrete phase adjustments, namely 0 ° and 90 °, the latter exhibiting a phase adjustment of more than 2 bits by allowing the use of continuous thickness variation of the tapered dielectric coating layer. In the full phase adjustment scheme, the thickness of the conical dielectric coating layer 1 is allowed to continuously change by further increasing the section of the coating layer, thereby realizing any dielectric phase adjustment between 0 ° and 180 °. Finally, by comparing the four schemes, the antenna integrates the axial ratio bandwidth, the antenna gain, the thickness of the conical medium coating layer 1 and other factors, and finally adopts the super 2-bit phase compensation scheme.
In order to verify the feasibility of the magnetoelectric dipole broadband polarization torsion lens antenna provided by the invention, firstly, commercial full-wave simulation software is utilized to simulate an open magnetoelectric dipole broadband polarization torsion transmission unit model.
The simulation result shown in fig. 4 shows that the antenna unit provided by the patent has high broadband transmission efficiency in the frequency band of 21-33GHz, and the insertion loss is less than 1 dB. A 180 degree rotation of the probe of the receive antenna feed structure will only result in a reverse transmission phase and will not change the transmission amplitude. The polarization transformation has also proven reasonable when waves incident in the x-direction are converted into outgoing waves in the y-direction, and the level of the cross-polarization component is always below-45 dB.
As can be seen from the simulation result of fig. 5, when a thicker dielectric is used, the transmission efficiency is generally reduced, and the impedance mismatch can be reduced and the transmission efficiency can be improved by using the tapered design. When the dielectric coating thickness is less than 3.5mm (the maximum dielectric thickness used in this design), the insertion loss of the antenna element is maintained at a level of less than 2dB at most operating frequencies. The phase retardation increases with increasing height of the dielectric coating, and the phase curves are almost parallel to each other in a wider frequency range. It can be seen that a larger phase tuning range is at the expense of increased media profile height, greater dielectric loss, and more severe shadow masking effects. When the dielectric profile is thick and the phase variation range is large, the gain bandwidth and the AR bandwidth of the antenna are not necessarily improved simultaneously. Therefore, the phase adjustment range and the phase compensation scheme should be properly designed to balance the three indexes of the antenna gain, the lens profile height and the operating bandwidth.
Next, specifically explaining the phase compensation method proposed in this embodiment, fig. 6 shows a structural diagram of counterclockwise rotation placement of a central feed structure of a transmitting antenna for realizing the transmission from linear polarization to circularly polarized wave, as shown in the figure, this patent adopts a sequential rotation scheme of 4 × 4 sub-arrays, and each transmitting element rotates by 0 °, 90 °, 180 ° and 270 °, which is selected because it has the advantages of cross-polarization cancellation and enhanced AR bandwidth.
Fig. 7 shows the phase distribution diagram of the transmit antenna rotation layout and the corresponding four phase compensation schemes, as can be seen:
under the condition of 1-bit phase compensation, a dielectric coating layer is not added, and phase tuning completely depends on 180-degree rotation of a receiving antenna feed probe;
for the scheme with the resolution of more than 1 bit, the rotation of the receiving antenna feed probe and the adjustment of the thickness of the dielectric coating layer are simultaneously utilized;
the same medium maximum phase delay is used in both the 2-bit and 2-bit above phase schemes. However, in the 2-bit scheme, there are only two discrete dielectric phase adjustments, namely 0 ° and 90 °, the latter exhibiting a phase adjustment of more than 2 bits by allowing the use of continuous thickness variation of the dielectric coating;
in the full phase adjustment scheme, the thickness is allowed to change continuously by further increasing the profile of the coating, and any medium phase adjustment between 0 DEG and 180 DEG is realized.
Fig. 9 presents a comparison of simulation results for four phase compensation schemes with respect to gain and axial ratio bandwidth, showing:
the 1-bit scheme without the medium coating layer has poor design performance, the axial ratio bandwidth is minimum, and the gain is minimum;
the maximum gain and gain bandwidth of the other three schemes are substantially the same. Although the gain of the 2-bit phase scheme is slightly higher than the other two schemes, its axial ratio becomes less satisfactory at higher frequencies;
beyond 2-bit and full-phase schemes show very close antenna performance, but smaller lens thickness will make the super 2-bit phase design more practical;
therefore, the present embodiment adopts a super 2-phase compensation scheme, and realizes the optimal axial ratio, the closest optimal antenna gain and the relatively low lens profile height.
A specific comparison of the four phase compensation schemes is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
As shown in fig. 7, in order to verify the design concept, the present patent designed, fabricated and measured a lens real object consisting of 16 × 16 cells. The transmission array antenna part adopts a multilayer PCB process, and the medium coating layer is constructed by a 3D printing technology (Stratasys VeroWhitePLUS material with the epsilon r being 3 and the loss tangent being 0.03). The two fitting parts are integrated by being stacked on each other. The feed horn antenna (XB-GH34, available from beijing west bao limited) has an operating frequency of 20 to 33GHz and is placed on the receiving side of the antenna. The horn provides a gain of approximately 19dBi in the operating band. The focal length to diameter ratio was 1.1 to maintain-10 dB edge illumination.
The lens antenna is tested in a far-field darkroom, a simulated radiation directional diagram and an actually measured radiation directional diagram at 26GHz are drawn in fig. 10 and 11, the cross polarization level can be seen to be far lower than-20 dB, and the shape of an actually measured main beam and the position of a side lobe can be well predicted by the simulated diagram, so that the difference between simulation and actual measurement is not significant and the goodness of fit is better.
The simulated and measured axial ratios and antenna gains are shown in figure 12. The measured axial ratio is small and is always lower than 3db in the whole test frequency range. A peak gain of 21.5dBi c was observed at a center frequency of 26 GHz. The 3-dB gain bandwidth reaches 47%, and the coverage frequency range is 20.5-33 GHz. The overlapped frequency band with continuous 3-dB axial ratio and gain change is 20.5-33GHz, and the bandwidth is 47%. The performance of the antenna is far better than that of the prior circularly polarized lens and transmission array antenna which are excited by using a linear polarization feed source. While the insertion loss of the entire lens structure can be estimated by subtracting the measured gain from the simulated directivity, averaging about 1.5dB over the operating band.
Specifically, the first dielectric layer 3, the second dielectric layer 6, the third dielectric layer 10, and the fourth dielectric layer 13 required for the physical manufacturing in this embodiment may be dielectric substrates made of Rogers 4350B, the first dielectric layer 3 and the fourth dielectric layer 13 have a thickness of 0.101mm, and the second dielectric layer 6 and the third dielectric layer 10 have a thickness of 0.762 mm; the first adhesive layer 2, the second adhesive layer 8 and the third adhesive layer 11 can be formed by bonding two adhesive sheets Rogers 4450F having a thickness of 0.1 mm. And the magnetoelectric dipole broadband polarization torsion transmission array adopts a PCB process, is simple to process, has lower cost, and is beneficial to expansion into arrays and mass production.
The invention is not described in detail, but is well known to those skilled in the art.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A magnetoelectric dipole broadband polarization torsion lens antenna, characterized in that the lens antenna comprises a plurality of antenna elements including a transmitting antenna (15) and a receiving antenna (16);
the transmitting antenna (15) comprises a top metal layer (2), a first dielectric layer (3), a second metal layer (4), a first bonding layer (5), a second dielectric layer (6) and a third metal layer (7) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, an electric dipole arranged on the surface of the top metal layer (2), and a magnetic dipole (18) arranged inside the transmitting antenna (15);
the receiving antenna (16) comprises a fourth metal layer (9), a third dielectric layer (10), a third bonding layer (11), a fifth metal layer (12), a fourth dielectric layer (13), a bottom metal layer (14), an electric dipole arranged on the surface of the bottom metal layer (14), and a magnetic dipole (18) arranged inside the receiving antenna (16), wherein the fourth metal layer, the third dielectric layer (10), the third bonding layer (11), the fifth metal layer (12), the fourth dielectric layer (13) and the bottom metal layer (14) are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
the transmitting antenna (15) and the receiving antenna (16) are connected through a second adhesive layer (8) and are vertically symmetrical about the second adhesive layer (8);
the top of the transmitting antenna (15) is provided with a conical dielectric coating layer (1), a central feed structure (19) is arranged inside the transmitting antenna (15) and the receiving antenna (16), and the central feed structure (19) further comprises a probe.
2. A magnetoelectric dipole broadband polarization torsion lens antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, for the center feed structure (19) in the transmitting antenna (15), the probe comprises a first strip patch (193) printed on the second metal layer (4) and a second strip patch (191) printed on the top metal layer (2), and a metallized blind hole (192) penetrating through the first dielectric layer (3) is connected between the first strip patch (193) and the second strip patch (191);
the center feed structure (19) further comprises a metalized through hole (194) penetrating through the first dielectric layer (3), the first adhesive layer (8) and the second dielectric layer (6).
3. A magnetoelectric dipole broadband polarization twist lens antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that the length of the first strip patch (193) is shorter than the length of the second strip patch (191).
4. A magnetoelectric dipole broadband polarization torsion lens antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric dipole of the transmitting antenna (15) and the electric dipole of the receiving antenna (16) have the same structure, comprising a first square patch (171), a second square patch (172), a third square patch (173) and a fourth square patch (174), and the four square patches are identical in size;
wherein for an electric dipole arranged in the transmitting antenna (15) it is arranged at a central position of the top metal layer (2);
correspondingly, for the electric dipole arranged on the receiving antenna (16), the electric dipole is arranged at the central position of the bottom metal layer (14).
5. The magnetoelectric dipole broadband polarization torsion lens antenna according to claim 4, wherein the four square patches are arranged in central symmetry and are not in contact with each other, and metalized through holes are arranged on two sides of the four square patches close to each other.
6. The magnetoelectric dipole broadband polarization torsion lens antenna according to claim 4, wherein the side length of the four square patches is a quarter of a waveguide resonant wavelength;
the thickness of the first dielectric layer (3), the first bonding layer (5) and the second dielectric layer (6) is one quarter of the waveguide resonant wavelength;
correspondingly, the thickness of the third dielectric layer (10), the third bonding layer (11) and the fourth dielectric layer (13) is also one quarter of the waveguide resonant wavelength.
7. The magnetoelectric dipole broadband polarization torsion lens antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that a metallized via hole formed on the square patch in the transmitting antenna extends downwards to sequentially penetrate through the first dielectric layer (3), the first adhesive layer (5), the second dielectric layer (6), the second adhesive layer (8), the third dielectric layer (10), the third adhesive layer (11) and the fourth dielectric layer (13) to form a metallized through hole, and is finally connected to the metallized via hole on the square patch in the receiving antenna corresponding to the metallized via hole, so that the electric dipole at the upper part is electrically connected with the electric dipole at the lower part, and the magnetic dipole (18) is formed by the metallized through holes.
8. The phase compensation method for the magnetoelectric dipole broadband polarization torsion lens antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the phase compensation method specifically comprises the following steps:
the central feed structure of the transmitting antenna is rotated at 90 ° intervals to thereby generate a circularly polarized transmitting beam, and the receiving antenna and the tapered dielectric coating layer are used in cooperation with each other to achieve a phase compensation effect.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114614249A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-06-10 | 东南大学 | Broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole transmission array antenna |
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2021
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114614249A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-06-10 | 东南大学 | Broadband circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole transmission array antenna |
| CN114614249B (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2024-02-13 | 东南大学 | Broadband circularly polarized magneto-electric dipole transmission array antenna |
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