CN113846271B - 一种微钼型耐候桥梁钢板及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种微钼型耐候桥梁钢板及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000009489 vacuum treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000870 Weathering steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种微钼型耐候桥梁钢板,其特征在于,所述钢板由以下重量比的成分冶炼而成:C:0.05~0.08%,Si:0.30~0.50%,Mn:1.25~1.35%,P:0.010‑0.014%,S≤0.003%,Nb:0.020~0.030%,Ti:0.010~0.020%,V:0.040~0.050%,Cu:0.25~0.40%,Ni:0.25~0.35%,Cr:0.45~0.55%,Mo:0.03~0.08%,Alt:0.020~0.040%,余量为Fe和杂质;其微钼的含量减少了钢板的生产成本,钢板屈服强度为500~600MPa,屈强比≤0.85,钢板最大厚度可达到80mm。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种钢板及其制备方法,具体为一种微钼型耐候桥梁钢板及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前,耐候钢因其具有全设计寿命周期的成本较低、维护简单和绿色环保等特点,得到了其在桥梁设计建设的广泛应用。其中屈强比为衡量钢结构桥梁构建安全性的一项重要指标,若屈强比过高的钢材在受力发生屈服后容易断裂,而低屈强比的钢材能在受力发生屈服后拥有较大的应变强化,得到更高的抗拉强度。然而,随着其强度的增加,屈强比会越发难以控制在较低的水平。
发明内容
发明目的:本发明目的是提供一种微钼型耐候桥梁钢板,其拥有高强度的同时保持低屈强比,并提高其冲击韧性和塑性。
技术方案:本发明所述的一种微钼型耐候桥梁钢板,其特征在于,所述钢板由以下重量比的成分冶炼而成:C:0.05~0.08%,Si:0.30~0.50%,Mn:1.25~1.35%, P:0.010-0.014%,S≤0.003%,Nb:0.020~0.030%,Ti:0.010~0.020%,V:0.040~ 0.050%,Cu:0.25~0.40%,Ni:0.25~0.35%,Cr:0.45~0.55%,Mo:0.03~0.08%, Alt:0.020~0.040%,余量为Fe和杂质。
各金属组分及含量在本发明的作用如下:
Cu:0.25%~0.40%,铜在钢材起到固溶强化作用,适量的铜能在不影响钢材韧性的同时,提高钢材的强度和耐腐蚀性能。
Cr:0.45%~0.55%,铬可以提高钢材的屈服强度,却会对其屈强比造成负面影响;同时,铬元素储量较低,故本专利下调了铬的含量,转为其他金属代替。
Mo:0.03%~0.08%,作为固溶强化金属,钼可以大幅度提高钢材的淬透性和热硬性,从而显著降低回火脆性。本发明通过控制轧制工艺提升钢板强度,降低了钢板中钼的含量,从而降低生产485MPa级耐候桥梁钢生产成本。
进一步的,所述钢板为粒状贝氏体和少量铁素体复合组成,由粒状贝氏体加上少量铁素体组成的金相组织细小均匀,有利于钢板拥有良好的塑韧性,且能在保持强度的同时保持较低的屈强比。
进一步的,所述钢板的生产工艺包括冶炼、连铸、加热、轧制、及回火,其特征在于,其轧制工艺采用两阶段轧制,其粗轧温度为950~1150℃,精轧开轧温度为850~900℃,精轧终轧温度为800~850℃;热轧后钢板进行层流冷却,冷却速率为5~20℃/s。其中较小的冷却速率能使钢板中得到更多韧性组织,可提高钢板的冲击韧性和塑形。
进一步的,所述连铸工艺采用动态轻压下的浇注工艺,其在动态轻压下的连续浇注能够改善铸坯的内部质量,降低铸坯中心的宏观与微观偏析的级别。
进一步的,所述冶炼工艺包括LF精炼工艺和RH真空处理工艺。LF精炼用以深度控制钢铁中的杂物,避免因大型夹杂物对钢板韧性造成负面影响;RH真空工艺用以提高钢水的纯净度,保证钢水的质量,为后续改善铸坯内部质量打下基础。
进一步的,所述加热工艺的铸坯加热温度为1160~1200℃,在炉中加热235~350min。
进一步的,所述回火工艺的温度为500~550℃。回火时间为50~150min。
有益效果:1、改进钢板性能:根据本发明制备的钢板屈服强度为500~600MPa,其屈强比≤0.85,板厚四分之一处-23℃冲击功≥240J,延伸率≥20%,TNDT无塑性转变温度为-50℃,钢板最大厚度可达到80mm。2、节省钢板成本:本发明将微调钢板成分与轧制方法结合,在提升性能的同时减少贵金属使用,节省生产时的材料成本。
附图说明
图1为实施例1的钢板的组织形貌图;
图2为实施例2的钢板的组织形貌图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的技术方案作进一步说明。
实施例1
本实施例的微钼型耐候桥梁钢板,厚度为16mm,其成分的重量百分比为:C:0.05%, Si:0.50%,Mn:1.29%,P:0.010%,S:0.0014%,Alt:0.040%,Nb:0.030,V:0.040%,Ti:0.020%, Ni:0.25%,Cr:0.45%,Mo:0.02%,Cu:0.40%,其余为Fe和不可避免的杂质。
首先,转炉吹炼后,钢材经LF精炼调节合金成分及RH真空处理提高钢水纯净度,后使用动态轻压下技术进行连续浇注;将260mm厚铸坯加热至1200℃,加热283min 后出炉出炉温度为1200度;出炉后钢材进入控轧控冷阶段,将轧制分为粗轧和精轧,粗轧温度为1091℃,精轧开轧温度为890℃,精轧终轧温度为852℃,轧后进行层流冷却,其冷却返红温度为538℃,冷却速率20℃/s。
采用此成分和工艺制得的钢板性能见表1至表3。
实施例2
本实施例的微钼型耐候桥梁钢板,厚度为32mm,其成分的重量百分比为:C:0.07%, Si:0.38%,Mn:1.30%,P:0.012%,S:0.0010%,Alt:0.036%,Nb:0.025,V:0.047%,Ti:0.014%, Ni:0.32%,Cr:0.50%,Mo:0.05%,Cu:0.28%,其余为Fe和不可避免的杂质。
首先,转炉吹炼后,钢材经LF精炼调节合金成分及RH真空处理提高钢水纯净度,后使用动态轻压下技术进行连续浇注;将260mm厚铸坯加热至1169℃,加热281min 后出炉;出炉后钢材进入控轧控冷阶段,将轧制分为粗轧和精轧,粗轧温度为1166℃,精轧开轧温度为860℃,精轧终轧温度为819℃,轧后进行层流冷却,其冷却温度为 547℃,冷却速率12.6℃/s。
采用此成分和工艺制得的钢板性能见表1至表3,其显微组织形貌图如图1所示。
实施例3:
本实施例的微钼型耐候桥梁钢板,厚度为32mm,其成分的重量百分比为:C:0.06%, Si:0.45%,Mn:1.28%,P:0.012%,S:0.0012%,Alt:0.038%,Nb:0.030%,V:0.045%,Ti:0.012%, Ni:0.29%,Cr:0.48%,Mo:0.06%,Cu:0.32%,其余为Fe和不可避免的杂质。
首先,转炉吹炼后,钢材经LF精炼调节合金成分及RH真空处理提高钢水纯净度,后使用动态轻压下技术进行连续浇注;将260mm厚铸坯加热至1168℃,加热279min 后出炉;出炉后钢材进入控轧控冷阶段,将轧制分为粗轧和精轧,粗轧温度为1119℃,精轧开轧温度为858℃,精轧终轧温度为809℃,轧后进行层流冷却,其冷却温度为 549℃,冷却速率12.5℃/s。
采用此成分和工艺制得的钢板性能见表1至表3,其显微组织形貌图如图2所示。
实施例4:
本实施例的微钼型候桥梁钢板,厚度为65mm,其成分的重量百分比为:C:0.08%,Si:0.32%,Mn:1.35%,P:0.014%,S:0.0013%,Alt:0.025%,Nb:0.028%,V:0.050%,Ti:0.010%, Ni:0.35%,Cr:0.55%,Mo:0.08%,Cu:0.26%,其余为Fe和不可避免的杂质。
首先,转炉吹炼后,钢材经LF精炼调节合金成分及RH真空处理提高钢水纯净度,后使用动态轻压下技术进行连续浇注;将260mm厚铸坯加热至1193℃,加热267min 后出炉;出炉后钢材进入控轧控冷阶段,将轧制分为粗轧和精轧,粗轧温度为1120℃,精轧开轧温度为855℃,精轧终轧温度为805℃,轧后进行层流冷却,其冷却温度为 500℃,冷却速率7.5℃/s。
采用此成分和工艺制得的钢板性能见表1至表3。
表1:实施例拉伸性能
表2:实施例冲击性能
表3:实施例NDT测试结果
如图1和图2所示,实施例1和实施例2的组织无大颗粒的MA岛组织,其中除了粒状贝氏体外还含有少量铁素体组织。如此结构使钢板可以在由足够强度的情况下保持有益的塑性和韧性,同时保持钢材的低屈强比。通过表1至表3的数据显示,本发明的制备方法生产出的实施例1和实施例2的力学性能均能达到其设计水平:屈服强度在 500~600MPa之间、延伸率≥20%、屈强比≤0.85,-23℃冲击功≥240J,TNDT无塑性转变温度为-50℃。
Claims (7)
1.一种微钼型耐候桥梁钢板,其特征在于,所述钢板由以下重量比的成分冶炼而成:C:0.07%, Si:0.38%, Mn:1.30%, P:0.012%, S:0.0010%, Alt:0.036%, Nb:0.025, V:0.047%, Ti:0.014%, Ni:0.32%, Cr:0.50%, Mo:0.05%, Cu:0.28%,余量为Fe和杂质;其方法包括冶炼、连铸、加热、轧制及回火;其轧制方法采用两阶段轧制,粗轧温度为1166℃,精轧开轧温度为 860℃,精轧终轧温度为 819℃;热轧后钢板进行层流冷却,冷却速率为12.6℃/s。
2.一种微钼型耐候桥梁钢板,其特征在于,所述钢板由以下重量比的成分冶炼而成:C:0.08%, Si:0.32%, Mn:1.35%, P:0.014%, S:0.0013%, Alt:0.025%, Nb:0.028%, V:0.050%, Ti:0.010%, Ni:0.35%, Cr:0.55%, Mo:0.08%, Cu:0.26%,余量为 Fe和杂质;其方法包括冶炼、连铸、加热、轧制及回火;其轧制方法采用两阶段轧制,粗轧温度为1120℃,精轧开轧温度为 855℃,精轧终轧温度为 805℃;热轧后钢板进行层流冷却,冷却速率为7.5℃/s。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的微钼型耐候桥梁钢板,其特征在于,所述钢板粒状贝氏体和铁素体组织组成。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的微钼型耐候桥梁钢板,其特征在于,所述连铸方法采用动态轻压下的浇注工艺。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的微钼型耐候桥梁钢板,其特征在于,所述冶炼方法采用 LF精炼工艺,以及 RH 真空工艺。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的微钼型耐候桥梁钢板,其特征在于,所述加热为在炉中加热235~350min。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的微钼型耐候桥梁钢板,其特征在于,所述回火方法的温度为500~550℃,回火时间为50~150min。
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