CN113846271B - 一种微钼型耐候桥梁钢板及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种微钼型耐候桥梁钢板及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN113846271B
CN113846271B CN202111367608.4A CN202111367608A CN113846271B CN 113846271 B CN113846271 B CN 113846271B CN 202111367608 A CN202111367608 A CN 202111367608A CN 113846271 B CN113846271 B CN 113846271B
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唐春霞
王军
崔强
陈林恒
尹雨群
刘涛
秦玉荣
孟令明
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种微钼型耐候桥梁钢板，其特征在于，所述钢板由以下重量比的成分冶炼而成：C：0.05～0.08％，Si：0.30～0.50％，Mn：1.25～1.35％，P：0.010‑0.014％，S≤0.003％，Nb：0.020～0.030％，Ti：0.010～0.020％，V：0.040～0.050％，Cu：0.25～0.40％，Ni：0.25～0.35％，Cr：0.45～0.55％，Mo：0.03～0.08％，Alt：0.020～0.040％，余量为Fe和杂质；其微钼的含量减少了钢板的生产成本，钢板屈服强度为500～600MPa，屈强比≤0.85，钢板最大厚度可达到80mm。

Description

一种微钼型耐候桥梁钢板及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种钢板及其制备方法，具体为一种微钼型耐候桥梁钢板及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前，耐候钢因其具有全设计寿命周期的成本较低、维护简单和绿色环保等特点，得到了其在桥梁设计建设的广泛应用。其中屈强比为衡量钢结构桥梁构建安全性的一项重要指标，若屈强比过高的钢材在受力发生屈服后容易断裂，而低屈强比的钢材能在受力发生屈服后拥有较大的应变强化，得到更高的抗拉强度。然而，随着其强度的增加，屈强比会越发难以控制在较低的水平。
发明内容
发明目的：本发明目的是提供一种微钼型耐候桥梁钢板，其拥有高强度的同时保持低屈强比，并提高其冲击韧性和塑性。
技术方案：本发明所述的一种微钼型耐候桥梁钢板，其特征在于，所述钢板由以下重量比的成分冶炼而成：C：0.05～0.08％，Si：0.30～0.50％，Mn：1.25～1.35％， P：0.010-0.014％，S≤0.003％，Nb：0.020～0.030％，Ti：0.010～0.020％，V：0.040～ 0.050％，Cu：0.25～0.40％，Ni：0.25～0.35％，Cr：0.45～0.55％，Mo：0.03～0.08％， Alt：0.020～0.040％，余量为Fe和杂质。
各金属组分及含量在本发明的作用如下：
Cu：0.25％～0.40％，铜在钢材起到固溶强化作用，适量的铜能在不影响钢材韧性的同时，提高钢材的强度和耐腐蚀性能。
Cr：0.45％～0.55％，铬可以提高钢材的屈服强度，却会对其屈强比造成负面影响；同时，铬元素储量较低，故本专利下调了铬的含量，转为其他金属代替。
Mo：0.03％～0.08％，作为固溶强化金属，钼可以大幅度提高钢材的淬透性和热硬性，从而显著降低回火脆性。本发明通过控制轧制工艺提升钢板强度，降低了钢板中钼的含量，从而降低生产485MPa级耐候桥梁钢生产成本。
进一步的，所述钢板为粒状贝氏体和少量铁素体复合组成，由粒状贝氏体加上少量铁素体组成的金相组织细小均匀，有利于钢板拥有良好的塑韧性，且能在保持强度的同时保持较低的屈强比。
进一步的，所述钢板的生产工艺包括冶炼、连铸、加热、轧制、及回火，其特征在于，其轧制工艺采用两阶段轧制，其粗轧温度为950～1150℃，精轧开轧温度为850～900℃，精轧终轧温度为800～850℃；热轧后钢板进行层流冷却，冷却速率为5～20℃/s。其中较小的冷却速率能使钢板中得到更多韧性组织，可提高钢板的冲击韧性和塑形。
进一步的，所述连铸工艺采用动态轻压下的浇注工艺，其在动态轻压下的连续浇注能够改善铸坯的内部质量，降低铸坯中心的宏观与微观偏析的级别。
进一步的，所述冶炼工艺包括LF精炼工艺和RH真空处理工艺。LF精炼用以深度控制钢铁中的杂物，避免因大型夹杂物对钢板韧性造成负面影响；RH真空工艺用以提高钢水的纯净度，保证钢水的质量，为后续改善铸坯内部质量打下基础。
进一步的，所述加热工艺的铸坯加热温度为1160～1200℃，在炉中加热235～350min。
进一步的，所述回火工艺的温度为500～550℃。回火时间为50～150min。
有益效果：1、改进钢板性能：根据本发明制备的钢板屈服强度为500～600MPa，其屈强比≤0.85，板厚四分之一处-23℃冲击功≥240J，延伸率≥20％，TNDT无塑性转变温度为-50℃，钢板最大厚度可达到80mm。2、节省钢板成本：本发明将微调钢板成分与轧制方法结合，在提升性能的同时减少贵金属使用，节省生产时的材料成本。
附图说明
图1为实施例1的钢板的组织形貌图；
图2为实施例2的钢板的组织形貌图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的技术方案作进一步说明。
实施例1
本实施例的微钼型耐候桥梁钢板，厚度为16mm，其成分的重量百分比为：C:0.05％, Si:0.50％,Mn:1.29％,P:0.010％,S:0.0014％,Alt:0.040％,Nb:0.030,V:0.040％,Ti:0.020％, Ni:0.25％,Cr:0.45％,Mo:0.02％,Cu:0.40％，其余为Fe和不可避免的杂质。
首先，转炉吹炼后，钢材经LF精炼调节合金成分及RH真空处理提高钢水纯净度，后使用动态轻压下技术进行连续浇注；将260mm厚铸坯加热至1200℃，加热283min 后出炉出炉温度为1200度；出炉后钢材进入控轧控冷阶段，将轧制分为粗轧和精轧，粗轧温度为1091℃，精轧开轧温度为890℃，精轧终轧温度为852℃，轧后进行层流冷却，其冷却返红温度为538℃，冷却速率20℃/s。
采用此成分和工艺制得的钢板性能见表1至表3。
实施例2
本实施例的微钼型耐候桥梁钢板，厚度为32mm，其成分的重量百分比为：C:0.07％, Si:0.38％,Mn:1.30％,P:0.012％,S:0.0010％,Alt:0.036％,Nb:0.025,V:0.047％,Ti:0.014％, Ni:0.32％,Cr:0.50％,Mo:0.05％,Cu:0.28％，其余为Fe和不可避免的杂质。
首先，转炉吹炼后，钢材经LF精炼调节合金成分及RH真空处理提高钢水纯净度，后使用动态轻压下技术进行连续浇注；将260mm厚铸坯加热至1169℃，加热281min 后出炉；出炉后钢材进入控轧控冷阶段，将轧制分为粗轧和精轧，粗轧温度为1166℃，精轧开轧温度为860℃，精轧终轧温度为819℃，轧后进行层流冷却，其冷却温度为 547℃，冷却速率12.6℃/s。
采用此成分和工艺制得的钢板性能见表1至表3，其显微组织形貌图如图1所示。
实施例3：
本实施例的微钼型耐候桥梁钢板，厚度为32mm，其成分的重量百分比为：C:0.06％, Si:0.45％,Mn:1.28％,P:0.012％,S:0.0012％,Alt:0.038％,Nb:0.030％,V:0.045％,Ti:0.012％, Ni:0.29％,Cr:0.48％,Mo:0.06％,Cu:0.32％，其余为Fe和不可避免的杂质。
首先，转炉吹炼后，钢材经LF精炼调节合金成分及RH真空处理提高钢水纯净度，后使用动态轻压下技术进行连续浇注；将260mm厚铸坯加热至1168℃，加热279min 后出炉；出炉后钢材进入控轧控冷阶段，将轧制分为粗轧和精轧，粗轧温度为1119℃，精轧开轧温度为858℃，精轧终轧温度为809℃，轧后进行层流冷却，其冷却温度为 549℃，冷却速率12.5℃/s。
采用此成分和工艺制得的钢板性能见表1至表3，其显微组织形貌图如图2所示。
实施例4：
本实施例的微钼型候桥梁钢板，厚度为65mm，其成分的重量百分比为：C:0.08％,Si:0.32％,Mn:1.35％,P:0.014％,S:0.0013％,Alt:0.025％,Nb:0.028％,V:0.050％,Ti:0.010％, Ni:0.35％,Cr:0.55％,Mo:0.08％,Cu:0.26％，其余为Fe和不可避免的杂质。
首先，转炉吹炼后，钢材经LF精炼调节合金成分及RH真空处理提高钢水纯净度，后使用动态轻压下技术进行连续浇注；将260mm厚铸坯加热至1193℃，加热267min 后出炉；出炉后钢材进入控轧控冷阶段，将轧制分为粗轧和精轧，粗轧温度为1120℃，精轧开轧温度为855℃，精轧终轧温度为805℃，轧后进行层流冷却，其冷却温度为 500℃，冷却速率7.5℃/s。
采用此成分和工艺制得的钢板性能见表1至表3。
表1：实施例拉伸性能
Figure BDA0003361220700000031
Figure BDA0003361220700000041
表2：实施例冲击性能
Figure BDA0003361220700000042
表3：实施例NDT测试结果
Figure BDA0003361220700000043
如图1和图2所示，实施例1和实施例2的组织无大颗粒的MA岛组织，其中除了粒状贝氏体外还含有少量铁素体组织。如此结构使钢板可以在由足够强度的情况下保持有益的塑性和韧性，同时保持钢材的低屈强比。通过表1至表3的数据显示，本发明的制备方法生产出的实施例1和实施例2的力学性能均能达到其设计水平：屈服强度在 500～600MPa之间、延伸率≥20％、屈强比≤0.85，-23℃冲击功≥240J，TNDT无塑性转变温度为-50℃。

Claims (7)

1.一种微钼型耐候桥梁钢板，其特征在于，所述钢板由以下重量比的成分冶炼而成：C:0.07%, Si:0.38%, Mn:1.30%, P:0.012%, S:0.0010%, Alt:0.036%, Nb:0.025, V:0.047%, Ti:0.014%, Ni:0.32%, Cr:0.50%, Mo:0.05%, Cu:0.28%，余量为Fe和杂质；其方法包括冶炼、连铸、加热、轧制及回火；其轧制方法采用两阶段轧制，粗轧温度为1166℃，精轧开轧温度为 860℃，精轧终轧温度为 819℃；热轧后钢板进行层流冷却，冷却速率为12.6℃/s。
2.一种微钼型耐候桥梁钢板，其特征在于，所述钢板由以下重量比的成分冶炼而成：C:0.08%, Si:0.32%, Mn:1.35%, P:0.014%, S:0.0013%, Alt:0.025%, Nb:0.028%, V:0.050%, Ti:0.010%, Ni:0.35%, Cr:0.55%, Mo:0.08%, Cu:0.26%，余量为 Fe和杂质；其方法包括冶炼、连铸、加热、轧制及回火；其轧制方法采用两阶段轧制，粗轧温度为1120℃，精轧开轧温度为 855℃，精轧终轧温度为 805℃；热轧后钢板进行层流冷却，冷却速率为7.5℃/s。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的微钼型耐候桥梁钢板，其特征在于，所述钢板粒状贝氏体和铁素体组织组成。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的微钼型耐候桥梁钢板，其特征在于，所述连铸方法采用动态轻压下的浇注工艺。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的微钼型耐候桥梁钢板，其特征在于，所述冶炼方法采用 LF精炼工艺，以及 RH 真空工艺。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的微钼型耐候桥梁钢板，其特征在于，所述加热为在炉中加热235~350min。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的微钼型耐候桥梁钢板，其特征在于，所述回火方法的温度为500~550℃，回火时间为50~150min。
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