CN113823435B - Composite electrode wire, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Composite electrode wire, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113823435B CN113823435B CN202111048250.9A CN202111048250A CN113823435B CN 113823435 B CN113823435 B CN 113823435B CN 202111048250 A CN202111048250 A CN 202111048250A CN 113823435 B CN113823435 B CN 113823435B
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 17
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 claims description 140
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 133
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- GNFTZDOKVXKIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)benzohydrazide Chemical compound COCCOC1=CC=CC(C(=O)NN)=C1 GNFTZDOKVXKIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 17
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- TVZPLCNGKSPOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper zinc Chemical compound [Cu].[Zn] TVZPLCNGKSPOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
- H01B1/026—Alloys based on copper
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
- H01B5/02—Single bars, rods, wires, or strips
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of electrode wire processing, in particular to a composite electrode wire, a preparation method of the composite electrode wire and application thereof.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrode wire processing, in particular to a composite electrode wire, a preparation method and application of the composite electrode wire.
Background
The composite conductor combines the characteristics of several different materials, and has good adaptability, thus being an obvious advantage of the composite conductor, and not only having ideal electromechanical performance, but also having wider application range. At present, slow wire feeding equipment is widely adopted in the domestic precision machining field to carry out precision cutting of materials. The electrode wire for cutting adopted by the slow wire is mainly made of brass, and the precision of a cutting surface is improved by utilizing high-temperature gasification flushing fine scraps of zinc element in the brass. However, brass has high hardness, is difficult to process into a diameter of less than 0.2 mm, has limited conductivity and basically about 20%, and limits the utilization efficiency of electric pulse energy.
The invention patent with the application number of CN202010509917.X discloses an electrode wire for micro electric spark machining, which comprises a core material and a surface layer coated outside the core material, wherein the core material is made of brass, the surface layer comprises an inner layer coated on the outer surface of the core material and an outer layer coated on the outer surface of the inner layer, and the outer layer is an amorphous layer. Through the short-range ordered and long-range unordered amorphous layer, the electrode wire not only can improve the machining precision, but also can eliminate stress and reduce deformation, so that the machining surface is free from burn, smooth and microcrack, and the on-line machining precision and the surface quality of the micro tool electrode are improved.
Although the above patent discloses an electrode wire prepared by cladding a brass core material, a copper zinc alloy inner layer and an amorphous outer layer, the surface of the brass core material is plated with the copper zinc alloy inner layer to form the cladding, the surface is extremely easy to be uneven in the wire drawing process, the strength is low, and the quality of the subsequent electric discharge cutting processing is greatly adversely affected.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a composite electrode wire, a preparation method and application of the composite electrode wire, wherein a brass tubular outer material is directly sleeved outside a core material of a conductive alloy, then pressure cold packaging is carried out, so that the conductive alloy core material and the brass outer material are directly and concentrically coated into a whole, and then the core material and the outer material form the final composite electrode wire through drawing, annealing and wire drawing treatment, so that a zinc material coating can be sprayed on the surface of the composite electrode wire, and the technical problems of non-gloss and low overall strength of the surface of the conventional composite electrode wire are solved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
A composite wire electrode comprising:
The core material and the outer material concentrically coated outside the core material;
the core material is conductive alloy;
the outer material is brass.
As an improvement, the core material is conductive copper alloy subjected to grain refining treatment, the treatment method is one of continuous extrusion or hot rolling, and the conductivity of the core material is more than 50% IACS.
As an improvement, the outer material is zinc-containing brass, the zinc content in the outer material is 30% -50%, and the balance is copper and unavoidable impurities.
As an improvement, the surface galvanization treatment of the outer material after the core material is coated is completed.
A method for preparing a composite wire electrode according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps of:
and a, preprocessing, namely carrying out grain refining on the core material to obtain a solid and round rod-shaped core material.
Step b, sleeving the solid core material and the tubular outer material after cleaning, wherein the cross-sectional area ratio of the outer material to the core material is 1:4-7:3;
C, cold pressing, namely circularly extruding the core material and the outer material which are sleeved in the step b to enable the core material and the outer material to extend along the axial direction, wherein the circular extrusion pressure is 500-1000MPa, and the diameter shrinkage deformation of the core material and the outer material after the core material and the outer material extend along the axial direction is 20-40%;
Step d, hot-pressing ring rolling, namely carrying out hot-pressing ring rolling on the core material and the outer material obtained in the step c, wherein the hot-pressing ring rolling temperature is 500-700 ℃, the deformation rate is more than 40%, and the core material and the outer material are rapidly cooled to obtain fine crystal treatment;
Step e, drawing, namely drawing the core material and the outer material which are extended in the step d, and reducing the diameter;
step f, annealing, namely annealing the core material and the outer material which are subjected to multiple drawing in the step e, wherein the annealing temperature is 200-700 ℃;
And g, wire drawing, namely wire drawing is carried out on the core material and the outer material which are annealed in the step f, so that the composite electrode wire with the diameter of 0.03-0.3mm is formed, the tensile strength of the composite electrode wire is more than 800MPa, and the conductivity of the composite electrode wire is more than 30% IACS.
In the step b, the core material is sleeved for a plurality of times, and a plurality of layers of outer materials are sleeved on the outer surface.
In the step f, the surface of the outer material after annealing treatment is coated with a zinc material coating, and the thickness of the coating is 0.5-50um.
In the step g, the surface of the outer material after wiredrawing treatment is coated with a zinc material coating, and the thickness of the coating is 0.5-50um.
The application of the composite electrode wire is that the composite electrode wire is any one of the above, and is applied to slow wire cutting.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the invention, the brass tubular outer material is directly sleeved outside the core material of the conductive alloy, then the pressure cold pack is carried out, so that the conductive alloy core material and the brass outer material are directly concentrically coated into a whole, and then the core material and the outer material form a final composite electrode wire through drawing, annealing and wire drawing treatment, and the surface of the composite electrode wire can be coated with a zinc material coating, so that the technical problems of non-gloss surface and low overall strength of the traditional composite electrode wire are solved;
(2) According to the invention, the brass with the zinc content of 30-50% is used as the outer material, so that the strength of the outer material is superior to that of the core material conductive alloy in the process of forming the composite electrode wire, the integral toughness of the formed composite electrode wire is ensured, and meanwhile, the composite electrode wire with finer diameter and better stability can be pulled out;
(3) According to the invention, in the cutting use process of the composite electrode wire, zinc metal materials contained in the outer material can be melted at a high temperature by discharging in the discharging cutting process, so that molten slag adhered on the composite electrode wire is broken by gasifying zinc particles, and the smooth use of the composite electrode wire is ensured;
(4) According to the invention, the conductive alloy with the conductivity of more than 50% IACS is used as the core material, and the high conductivity of the core material of the conductive alloy is utilized to ensure the excellent conductivity of the whole composite electrode wire in the discharge cutting process, so that the situation that the composite electrode wire is broken due to the low conductivity of the core material is avoided.
In conclusion, the electrode wire has the advantages of excellent conductivity, better toughness, thinner diameter and the like, and is particularly suitable for the technical field of electrode wire processing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a wire electrode of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
Embodiment one:
as shown in fig. 1, a composite wire electrode includes:
a core material 1 and an outer material 2 concentrically coated outside the core material 1;
The core material 1 is conductive alloy;
The outer material 2 is brass.
The core material 1 is conductive copper alloy subjected to grain refining treatment, the treatment method is one of continuous extrusion or hot rolling, and the conductivity of the core material 1 is more than 50% IACS.
Further, the outer material 2 is zinc-containing brass, the zinc content in the outer material 2 is 30% -50%, and the balance is copper and unavoidable impurities.
And finishing the surface galvanizing treatment of the outer material 2 after the core material 1 is coated.
Compared with the traditional and existing composite electrode wire, the composite electrode wire is characterized in that the composite electrode wire is prepared from conductive alloy serving as a core material, preferably conductive copper alloy, zinc-containing brass serving as an outer material, preferably brass with the zinc content of 30% -50% and the balance copper and unavoidable impurities.
Further, the existing composite electrode wires are mostly made of brass as a core material, conductive alloy as an outer material and zinc material coating layers coated on the surfaces of the outer material, and the composite electrode wires with the structure are difficult to obtain the composite electrode wires with the diameter of less than 0.2mm through direct drawing in the preparation process due to the characteristics that the brass is high in hardness and the conductive alloy is low in hardness, and the conductive alloy of the outer layer is extremely easy to break due to direct drawing.
The existing method for preparing the composite electrode wire below 0.2mm is mainly two, one method is that a layer of conductive alloy material is plated on the surface of a core material in an electroplating way, and then the composite electrode wire is formed through wire drawing, but the surface of the composite electrode wire prepared in the method is rough, the conductive metal layer is unevenly distributed, so that the composite electrode wire is easily broken in the discharge cutting process, the conductive metal layer is wound outside the core material, then the conductive metal layer is coated outside the core material in a seam welding way, and then the composite electrode wire is formed through wire drawing, and the composite electrode wire prepared in the method also has the conditions of uneven surface and easy breakage, so that the toughness and the stability of the composite electrode wire are very high when the composite electrode wire below 0.2mm is prepared.
According to the application, the core material and the outer material are exchanged, brass is directly used as the outer material, and the conductive alloy is used as the core material, so that the toughness of the brass in the preparation process ensures that no fracture occurs in the process of physically drawing the composite electrode wire, and the zinc-containing brass outer material can gasify zinc particles and wash fine scraps to improve the precision of a cutting surface when the composite electrode wire is subjected to spot cutting, and the high conductivity of the conductive copper alloy ensures that the core material can provide very stable conductivity in the discharge cutting process, so that the composite electrode wire cannot be strained due to low discharge rate in the discharge cutting process, the conductive alloy is positioned in an inner layer, and alloy components are not gasified continuously due to temperature rise in the discharge cutting process, so that the conductivity is continuously reduced.
The core material 1 may be fitted over the outer surface of the outer material 2 in a plurality of layers.
And, the core material 1 and the outer material 2 are sleeved and cold-pressed into a whole to carry out annealing treatment, and the surface of the outer material 2 after the annealing treatment is coated with a zinc material coating.
Or the surface of the outer material 2 after the composite electrode wire is formed through wiredrawing treatment is coated with a zinc material coating.
The core material 1 and the outer material 2 after being cleaned are sleeved by a pipe, and the core material 1 and the outer material 2 after being sleeved by the pipe are combined by cold pressing and cladding at normal temperature, wherein the requirement emphasizes that the principle of cold pressing and cladding is that annular pressure is applied to the outer side of the outer material 2, so that the outer material 2 is stretched and expanded along the axial direction, and the outer material 2 is brass, and the brass material hardness of the outer material 2 is far higher than that of the conductive copper alloy of the core material 1, so that the outer material 2 forces the core material 1 to uniformly stretch and stretch along the axial direction by the annular pressure and the axial stretching and expanding mode.
More specifically, during the cold pressing and coating process, when the outer material 2 is subjected to annular pressure, the pressures applied to the outer material 2 in the annular direction are equal and all point to the center of the outer material 2, for example, a rolling manner can be adopted on the outer surface of the outer material 2, and during the rolling process, the outer material 2 and the core material 1 are subjected to cold pressing and coating treatment in a gradually pushing manner towards the center of the outer material 2, so that the outer material 2 and the core material 1 are uniformly pulled and stretched along the axial direction, and it is worth emphasizing that the cold pressing and coating manner is not limited to the above embodiment, and the annular extrusion and the axial stretching and stretching manners of the outer material are all within the protection scope of the application.
Embodiment two:
As shown in fig. 2, a preparation method of the composite electrode wire comprises the following steps:
step a, pretreatment, namely carrying out grain refining treatment on the core material 1 to obtain a solid and round rod-shaped core material
Step b, sleeving, namely, taking a solid conductive copper alloy with the conductivity of 60% IACS as a core material and respectively cleaning and sleeving tubular brass outer materials with the zinc content of 30%, wherein the cross-sectional area ratio of the outer materials 2 to the core material 1 is 7:3;
C, cold pressing, namely circularly extruding the conductive copper alloy and the brass which are sleeved in the step a, so that the conductive copper alloy and the brass synchronously extend along the axial direction, the circular extrusion pressure is 1000MPa, and the diameter shrinkage deformation of the core material 1 and the outer material 2 after the axial extension is 40 percent
Step d, hot-pressing ring rolling, namely, carrying out hot-pressing ring rolling on the core material 1 and the outer material 2 obtained in the step c, wherein the hot-pressing ring rolling temperature is 500 ℃, the deformation rate is 41%, and cooling to ensure that both the core material 1 and the outer material 2 obtain fine crystal treatment
Step e, drawing, namely drawing the wire rod which is subjected to the extension molding in the step b, and reducing the diameter;
f, annealing, namely annealing the wire rod obtained in the step c, wherein the annealing temperature is 200 ℃;
And g, wire drawing, namely, performing wire drawing treatment on the wire rod subjected to the annealing treatment in the step d to form a composite electrode wire with the diameter of 0.03mm, wherein the tensile strength of the composite electrode wire is 850MPa, and the conductivity of the composite electrode wire is 35% IACS.
Embodiment III:
As shown in fig. 2, a preparation method of the composite electrode wire comprises the following steps:
step a, pretreatment, namely carrying out grain refining treatment on the core material 1 to obtain a solid and round rod-shaped core material
Step b, sleeving, namely, taking a solid conductive copper alloy with the conductivity of 60% IACS as a core material and respectively cleaning and sleeving tubular brass outer materials with the zinc content of 40%, wherein the cross-sectional area ratio of the outer materials 2 to the core material 1 is 1:1;
C, cold pressing, namely circularly extruding the conductive copper alloy and the brass which are sleeved in the step a, so that the conductive copper alloy and the brass synchronously extend along the axial direction, the circular extrusion pressure is 750MPa, and the diameter shrinkage deformation of the core material 1 and the outer material 2 after the axial extension is 30 percent
Step d, hot-pressing ring rolling, namely, carrying out hot-pressing ring rolling on the core material 1 and the outer material 2 obtained in the step c, wherein the hot-pressing ring rolling temperature is 600 ℃, the deformation rate is 45%, and cooling to ensure that both the core material 1 and the outer material 2 obtain fine crystal treatment
Step e, drawing, namely drawing the wire rod which is subjected to the extension molding in the step b, and reducing the diameter;
f, annealing, namely annealing the wire rod obtained in the step c, wherein the annealing temperature is 500 ℃;
And g, drawing, namely drawing the wire rod annealed in the step d to form a composite electrode wire with the diameter of 0.15mm, wherein the tensile strength of the composite electrode wire is 950MPa, and the conductivity of the composite electrode wire is 45% IACS.
Embodiment four:
As shown in fig. 2, a preparation method of the composite electrode wire comprises the following steps:
step a, pretreatment, namely carrying out grain refining treatment on the core material 1 to obtain a solid and round rod-shaped core material
Step b, sleeving, namely, taking a solid conductive copper alloy with the conductivity of 60% IACS as a core material and respectively cleaning and sleeving tubular brass outer materials with the zinc content of 50%, wherein the cross-sectional area ratio of the outer materials 2 to the core material 1 is 1:4;
c, cold pressing, namely circularly extruding the conductive copper alloy and the brass which are sleeved in the step a, so that the conductive copper alloy and the brass synchronously extend along the axial direction, the circular extrusion pressure is 500MPa, and the diameter shrinkage deformation of the core material 1 and the outer material 2 after the axial extension is 20 percent
Step d, hot-pressing ring rolling, namely, carrying out hot-pressing ring rolling on the core material 1 and the outer material 2 obtained in the step c, wherein the hot-pressing ring rolling temperature is 700 ℃, the deformation rate is 45%, and cooling to ensure that both the core material 1 and the outer material 2 obtain fine crystal treatment
Step e, drawing, namely drawing the wire rod which is subjected to the extension molding in the step b, and reducing the diameter;
f, annealing, namely annealing the wire rod obtained in the step c, wherein the annealing temperature is 700 ℃;
And g, drawing, namely drawing the wire rod annealed in the step d to form a composite electrode wire with the diameter of 0.30mm, wherein the tensile strength of the composite electrode wire is 1050MPa, and the conductivity of the composite electrode wire is 55% IACS.
Fifth embodiment:
As shown in fig. 2, a preparation method of the composite electrode wire comprises the following steps:
step a, pretreatment, namely carrying out grain refining treatment on the core material 1 to obtain a solid and round rod-shaped core material
Step b, sleeving, namely, taking a solid conductive copper alloy with the conductivity of 55% IACS as a core material and respectively cleaning and sleeving tubular brass outer materials with the zinc content of 30%, wherein the cross-sectional area ratio of the outer materials 2 to the core material 1 is 7:3;
C, cold pressing, namely circularly extruding the conductive copper alloy and the brass which are sleeved in the step a, so that the conductive copper alloy and the brass synchronously extend along the axial direction, the circular extrusion pressure is 1000MPa, and the diameter shrinkage deformation of the core material 1 and the outer material 2 after the axial extension is 40 percent
Step d, hot-pressing ring rolling, namely, carrying out hot-pressing ring rolling on the core material 1 and the outer material 2 obtained in the step c, wherein the hot-pressing ring rolling temperature is 500 ℃, the deformation rate is 45%, and cooling to ensure that both the core material 1 and the outer material 2 obtain fine crystal treatment
Step e, drawing, namely drawing the wire rod which is subjected to the extension molding in the step b, and reducing the diameter;
f, annealing, namely annealing the wire rod obtained in the step c, wherein the annealing temperature is 200 ℃;
And g, drawing, namely drawing the wire rod annealed in the step d to form a composite electrode wire with the diameter of 0.031mm, wherein the tensile strength of the composite electrode wire is 823MPa, and the conductivity of the composite electrode wire is 33% IACS.
Example six:
As shown in fig. 2, a preparation method of the composite electrode wire comprises the following steps:
step a, pretreatment, namely carrying out grain refining treatment on the core material 1 to obtain a solid and round rod-shaped core material
Step b, sleeving, namely, taking a solid conductive copper alloy with the conductivity of 55% IACS as a core material and respectively cleaning and sleeving tubular brass outer materials with the zinc content of 40%, wherein the cross-sectional area ratio of the outer materials 2 to the core material 1 is 1:1;
c, cold pressing, namely circularly extruding the conductive copper alloy and the brass which are sleeved in the step a, so that the conductive copper alloy and the brass synchronously extend along the axial direction, the circular extrusion pressure is 1000MPa, and the diameter shrinkage deformation of the core material 1 and the outer material 2 after the axial extension is 35 percent
Step d, hot-pressing ring rolling, namely, carrying out hot-pressing ring rolling on the core material 1 and the outer material 2 obtained in the step c, wherein the hot-pressing ring rolling temperature is 600 ℃, the deformation rate is 45%, and cooling to ensure that both the core material 1 and the outer material 2 obtain fine crystal treatment
Step e, drawing, namely drawing the wire rod which is subjected to the extension molding in the step b, and reducing the diameter;
f, annealing, namely annealing the wire rod obtained in the step c, wherein the annealing temperature is 500 ℃;
And g, drawing, namely drawing the wire rod annealed in the step d to form a composite electrode wire with the diameter of 0.152mm, wherein the tensile strength of the composite electrode wire is 856MPa, and the conductivity of the composite electrode wire is 42 percent IACS.
Embodiment seven:
As shown in fig. 2, a preparation method of the composite electrode wire comprises the following steps:
step a, pretreatment, namely carrying out grain refining treatment on the core material 1 to obtain a solid and round rod-shaped core material
Step b, sleeving, namely, taking a solid conductive copper alloy with the conductivity of 60% IACS as a core material and respectively cleaning and sleeving tubular brass outer materials with the zinc content of 50%, wherein the cross-sectional area ratio of the outer materials 2 to the core material 1 is 1:4;
c, cold pressing, namely circularly extruding the conductive copper alloy and the brass which are sleeved in the step a, so that the conductive copper alloy and the brass synchronously extend along the axial direction, the circular extrusion pressure is 500MPa, and the diameter shrinkage deformation of the core material 1 and the outer material 2 after the axial extension is 20 percent
Step d, hot-pressing ring rolling, namely, carrying out hot-pressing ring rolling on the core material 1 and the outer material 2 obtained in the step c, wherein the hot-pressing ring rolling temperature is 700 ℃, the deformation rate is 45%, and cooling to ensure that both the core material 1 and the outer material 2 obtain fine crystal treatment
Step e, drawing, namely drawing the wire rod which is subjected to the extension molding in the step b, and reducing the diameter;
f, annealing, namely annealing the wire rod obtained in the step c, wherein the annealing temperature is 700 ℃;
And g, wire drawing, namely, performing wire drawing treatment on the wire rod subjected to the annealing treatment in the step d to form a composite electrode wire with the diameter of 0.32mm, wherein the tensile strength of the composite electrode wire is 900MPa, and the conductivity of the composite electrode wire is 52 percent IACS.
Example eight:
As shown in fig. 2, a preparation method of the composite electrode wire comprises the following steps:
step a, pretreatment, namely carrying out grain refining treatment on the core material 1 to obtain a solid and round rod-shaped core material
Step b, sleeving, namely, taking a solid conductive copper alloy with 51% IACS conductivity as a core material and respectively cleaning and sleeving tubular brass outer materials with 30% zinc content, wherein the cross-sectional area ratio of the outer materials 2 to the core material 1 is 7:3;
C, cold pressing, namely circularly extruding the conductive copper alloy and the brass which are sleeved in the step a, so that the conductive copper alloy and the brass synchronously extend along the axial direction, the circular extrusion pressure is 1000MPa, and the diameter shrinkage deformation of the core material 1 and the outer material 2 after the axial extension is 40 percent
Step d, hot-pressing ring rolling, namely, carrying out hot-pressing ring rolling on the core material 1 and the outer material 2 obtained in the step c, wherein the hot-pressing ring rolling temperature is 600 ℃, the deformation rate is 45%, and cooling to ensure that both the core material 1 and the outer material 2 obtain fine crystal treatment
Step e, drawing, namely drawing the wire rod which is subjected to the extension molding in the step b, and reducing the diameter;
f, annealing, namely annealing the wire rod obtained in the step c, wherein the annealing temperature is 200 ℃;
And g, drawing, namely drawing the wire rod annealed in the step d to form a composite electrode wire with the diameter of 0.031mm, wherein the tensile strength of the composite electrode wire is 800MPa, and the conductivity of the composite electrode wire is 31% IACS.
Example nine:
As shown in fig. 2, a preparation method of the composite electrode wire comprises the following steps:
step a, pretreatment, namely carrying out grain refining treatment on the core material 1 to obtain a solid and round rod-shaped core material
Step b, sleeving, namely, taking a solid conductive copper alloy with 51% IACS conductivity as a core material and respectively cleaning and sleeving tubular brass outer materials with 30% zinc content, wherein the cross-sectional area ratio of the outer materials 2 to the core material 1 is 1:1;
C, cold pressing, namely circularly extruding the conductive copper alloy and the brass which are sleeved in the step a to ensure that the conductive copper alloy and the brass synchronously extend along the axial direction, wherein the circular extrusion pressure is 700MPa, and the diameter shrinkage deformation of the core material 1 and the outer material 2 after the axial extension is 40 percent
Step d, hot-pressing ring rolling, namely, carrying out hot-pressing ring rolling on the core material 1 and the outer material 2 obtained in the step c, wherein the hot-pressing ring rolling temperature is 550 ℃, the deformation rate is 45%, and cooling to ensure that both the core material 1 and the outer material 2 obtain fine crystal treatment
Step e, drawing, namely drawing the wire rod which is subjected to the extension molding in the step b, and reducing the diameter;
f, annealing, namely annealing the wire rod obtained in the step c, wherein the annealing temperature is 500 ℃;
And g, wire drawing, namely, performing wire drawing treatment on the wire rod subjected to the annealing treatment in the step d to form a composite electrode wire with the diameter of 0.15mm, wherein the tensile strength of the composite electrode wire is 850MPa, and the conductivity of the composite electrode wire is 40% IACS.
Example ten:
As shown in fig. 2, a preparation method of the composite electrode wire comprises the following steps:
step a, pretreatment, namely carrying out grain refining treatment on the core material 1 to obtain a solid and round rod-shaped core material
Step b, sleeving, namely, taking a solid conductive copper alloy with 51% IACS conductivity as a core material and respectively cleaning and sleeving tubular brass outer materials with 30% zinc content, wherein the cross-sectional area ratio of the outer materials 2 to the core material 1 is 1:4;
C, cold pressing, namely circularly extruding the conductive copper alloy and the brass which are sleeved in the step a to ensure that the conductive copper alloy and the brass synchronously extend along the axial direction, wherein the circular extrusion pressure is 500MPa, and the diameter shrinkage deformation of the core material 1 and the outer material 2 after the axial extension is 40 percent
Step d, hot-pressing ring rolling, namely, carrying out hot-pressing ring rolling on the core material 1 and the outer material 2 obtained in the step c, wherein the hot-pressing ring rolling temperature is 600 ℃, the deformation rate is 45%, and cooling to ensure that both the core material 1 and the outer material 2 obtain fine crystal treatment
Step e, drawing, namely drawing the wire rod which is subjected to the extension molding in the step b, and reducing the diameter;
f, annealing, namely annealing the wire rod obtained in the step c, wherein the annealing temperature is 200 ℃;
And g, wire drawing, namely, performing wire drawing treatment on the wire rod subjected to the annealing treatment in the step d to form a composite electrode wire with the diameter of 0.31mm, wherein the tensile strength of the composite electrode wire is 905MPa, and the conductivity of the composite electrode wire is 50% IACS.
Comparative example one:
the wire electrode prepared in the invention patent with the application number of CN202010509917.X is mentioned in the background art.
Comparative example two:
the electrode wire prepared in the invention patent with the patent application number of CN 201910172529.
Comparative example three:
The electrode wire prepared in the invention patent with the patent application number of CN 201510458831.
Experimental example:
The diameter, concentricity, conductivity, tensile strength, cutting speed, cutting surface roughness, cutting machine damage and wire breakage rate during wire drawing of the electrode wires prepared in the preparation methods of examples 2 to 10 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were statistically analyzed, and the results are shown in table 1:
| Diameter mm | Conductivity% IACS | Tensile strength MPa | Cutting surface roughness Ra/. Mu.m | |
| Example 2 | 0.03 | 35 | 850 | 0.015 |
| Example 3 | 0.15 | 45 | 950 | 0.020 |
| Example 4 | 0.30 | 55 | 1050 | 0.030 |
| Example 5 | 0.031 | 33 | 823 | 0.015 |
| Example 6 | 0.152 | 42 | 856 | 0.020 |
| Example 7 | 0.32 | 52 | 970 | 0.030 |
| Example 8 | 0.034 | 31 | 800 | 0.015 |
| Example 9 | 0.151 | 40 | 842 | 0.020 |
| Example 10 | 0.31 | 50 | 905 | 0.030 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.5-1.5 | 22.1-23.6 | 970-1020 | 0.05-0.07 |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.2-12 | 20-50 | 900-3500 | 0.05-0.50 |
| Comparative example 3 | 0.2-0.35 | 22-25 | 930-1000 | 0.03-0.05 |
Conclusion: .
As is evident from the comparison of examples 2 to 10 with comparative examples 1 to 3, the wire electrode of the present invention has much better electrical conductivity, tensile strength and cutting surface roughness than the wire electrode of comparative example at the same diameter, and in addition, the wire electrode of the present invention can be manufactured with a diameter of 0.2mm or less, and the wire electrode of the diameter of 0.2mm or less has an electrical conductivity of more than 30% IACS and a tensile strength of more than 800MPa.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. A composite wire electrode, comprising:
a core material (1) and an outer material (2) concentrically coated outside the core material (1);
The core material (1) is conductive alloy;
The outer material (2) is brass;
the core material (1) is conductive copper alloy subjected to grain refining treatment, the treatment method is one of continuous extrusion or hot rolling, and the conductivity of the core material (1) is more than 50% IACS;
The outer material (2) is zinc-containing brass, the zinc content in the outer material (2) is 30% -50%, and the balance is copper and unavoidable impurities;
finishing the surface galvanizing treatment of the outer material (2) after the core material (1) is coated;
The method comprises the following steps:
step a, preprocessing, namely carrying out grain refining treatment on the core material (1) to obtain a solid and round rod-shaped core material;
Step b, sleeving, namely cleaning the solid core material (1) and the tubular outer material (2), and sleeving the outer material (2) and the core material (1) in a cross-sectional area ratio of 1:4-7:3;
C, cold pressing, namely circularly extruding the core material (1) and the outer material (2) which are sleeved in the step b, so that the core material (1) and the outer material (2) axially extend, the circular extrusion pressure is 500-1000MPa, and the diameter shrinkage deformation of the core material (1) and the outer material (2) axially extends is 20-40%;
Step d, hot-pressing ring rolling, namely carrying out hot-pressing ring rolling on the core material (1) and the outer material (2) obtained in the step c, wherein the hot-pressing ring rolling temperature is 500-700 ℃, the deformation rate is more than 40%, and cooling to ensure that fine crystal treatment is carried out on the core material (1) and the outer material (2);
step e, drawing, namely drawing the core material (1) and the outer material (2) which are extended in the step d, and reducing the diameter;
Step f, annealing, namely annealing the core material (1) and the outer material (2) which are subjected to multiple drawing in the step e, wherein the annealing temperature is 200-700 ℃;
Step g, wire drawing, namely wire drawing is carried out on the core material (1) and the outer material (2) which are annealed in the step f, so as to form a composite electrode wire with the diameter of 0.03-0.3mm, wherein the tensile strength of the composite electrode wire is more than 800MPa, and the conductivity of the composite electrode wire is more than 30 percent IACS;
in the step b, the core material (1) is sleeved for a plurality of times, and a plurality of layers of outer materials (2) are sleeved on the outer surface;
In the step f, the surface of the outer material (2) after annealing treatment is coated with a zinc material coating, and the thickness of the coating is 0.5-50 mu m;
In the step g, the surface of the outer material (2) subjected to wiredrawing treatment is coated with a zinc material coating, and the thickness of the coating is 0.5-50 mu m;
the composite electrode wire is applied to slow wire cutting.
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