CN104690381B - The low unidirectional wire line of cut of magnesia and its manufacture method - Google Patents
The low unidirectional wire line of cut of magnesia and its manufacture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104690381B CN104690381B CN201510069446.4A CN201510069446A CN104690381B CN 104690381 B CN104690381 B CN 104690381B CN 201510069446 A CN201510069446 A CN 201510069446A CN 104690381 B CN104690381 B CN 104690381B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H1/00—Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
- B23H1/04—Electrodes specially adapted therefor or their manufacture
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H1/00—Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
- B23H1/04—Electrodes specially adapted therefor or their manufacture
- B23H1/06—Electrode material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H7/00—Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
- B23H7/22—Electrodes specially adapted therefor or their manufacture
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H7/00—Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
- B23H7/22—Electrodes specially adapted therefor or their manufacture
- B23H7/24—Electrode material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C18/00—Alloys based on zinc
- C22C18/02—Alloys based on zinc with copper as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/04—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent
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- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of unidirectional wire line of cut of low magnesia and its manufacture method, core：Copper 75 85%, magnesium 0.0005 0.50%, boron 0.001 0.03%, RE0.0005 0.02%, other elements 0.05 1.0%, other elements are at least two, inevitable impurity in titanium, iron, silicon, nickel, manganese, aluminium, tin, phosphorus<0.5wt%, remaining is zinc；Top layer：Copper 35 45%, oxygen 0.0005 3.0%, magnesium 0.0005 0.25%, RE0.005 0.01%, inevitable impurity is less than 0.5%, and remaining is zinc.Core is heat-treated through continuous up-casting melting, plastic working and recrystallization annealing, top layer, the female blank of generation；Continuous annealing processing generation line of cut is even drawn female blank.Line of cut energy cutting thickness of the present invention is more than 80 millimeters of materials and parts, and linearity is high, and dimensional accuracy, surface smoothness are good, and cutting speed is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of low magnesium (magnesium：0.0005-0.50wt%) the unidirectional wire spark discharge processing of oxygen
(electro discharge machining) uses line of cut and its manufacture method.
Background technology
Unidirectional wire spark discharge processing method is a kind of precision optical machinery processing method for developing rapidly in recent years.Electricity
Spark process technology is earliest to study invention by the former Russian scholar La Zhalianke Mr. and Mrs' nineteen forty-threes, afterwards, with the pulse power
Developed rapidly with the improvement of control system.When electrical discharge machining is using two interpolar pulsed discharge being immersed in working solution
The special process method of the galvanic action ablation conductive material of generation, also known as electro-discharge machining or galvanic corrosion, English abbreviation EDM
(Electrical Discharge Machining)。
, can be divided into for spark machined mode by the feature of relative motion according to the form of tool-electrode and its between workpiece
Five classes：Wire-cut Electrical Discharge Machining；Sinking EDM；Electric spark grinding；Electric spark conjugation revolution processing；Small hole machined,
The other kinds of processing such as marking, surface alloying, surface peening.And Wire-cut Electrical Discharge Machining according to wire travelling speed not
Together, can be divided into：Fast wire winding electrical discharge machining, middle wire electrical discharge machining, unidirectional wire electrical discharge machining, the present invention is main to be illustrated
Be a kind of last Wire-cut Electrical Discharge Machining.
The development of slow wire feeding electrical discharge machining (being unidirectional wire electrical discharge machining in the country), be unable to do without the same of cutting line technology
Step development, to be the working characteristics according to line of cut design the design concept of unidirectional wire lathe popular in the world now
, and the breakthrough for cutting line technology often drives the innovation of wire cutting machine design.Cut to from initially use copper free wire
Present line of cut is cut, the development experience of unidirectional wire cutting from poor efficiency, low quality to high efficiency, high-quality,
Automation, a very long course of Virtual production.The line cutting technology development of China is progressively to introduce absorption foreign countries first
Enter on the basis of technology what is grown up, gradually commonly used till now from earliest fast wire winding, middle wire processing
Unidirectional wire electrical discharge machining, experienced a development course from low to high.As it was previously stated, the development of cutting line technology is determined
How the developing direction of cutting technique, research and develop line of cut, is appreciated that the principle of electrical discharge machining first here.
Electrical spark working man-hour, a pole bonding tool electrode of the pulse power, another pole connects piece pole, and the two poles of the earth are immersed to be had
(conventional kerosene or mineral oil or deionized water, unidirectional wire cutting processing often use deionization to the liquid medium of certain insulativity
Water) in.Tool-electrode is controlled by auto-feed adjusting means, to ensure that instrument and workpiece maintain a very little in normal process
Discharging gap (0.01~0.05mm).Between pulse voltage is added to the two poles of the earth, just by the liquid of interpolar closest approach under prevailing condition
Dielectric breakdown, forms discharge channel.Because the sectional area very little of passage, discharge time are extremely short, cause energy height concentrate (10~
107W/mm), the TRANSIENT HIGH TEMPERATURE that region of discharge is produced is enough to make melt material even evaporate, so that it is small to form galvano-cautery one by one
Pit.After in first time, pulsed discharge terminates, by very short interval time, second pulse is again in another interpolar closest approach
Disruptive discharge, circulates down to high-frequency of so going round and beginning again, and tool-electrode constantly feeds to workpiece, the shape of its walking
Finally just it is replicated on workpiece, the machining shape required for being formed.At the same time, the sub-fraction of gross energy is also delivered to instrument
On electrode, so as to cause tool loss.And the tool-electrode being lost constantly is discharged, the new tool-electrode without loss continues
Constantly supply, makes the shape of incisory tool-electrode there is a dynamic balance all the time, so as to ensure the size of workpiece
Precision and surface smoothness.
With the continuous progress of materials processing technology and mechanical manufacturing technology, line of cut experienced from basis brass line of cut
To coating line of cut using conversion, in addition the MULTILAYER COMPOSITE line of cut studied now, the research of these coating lines of cut
Without being arisen at the historic moment not based on the principle of electro-discharge machining, the coating and coating structure of different tissues are suitable for cutting different types of
Materials and parts.
For machining, it is the current major subjects for facing to pursue precision, for production manager,
Consider how to improve efficiency, and for unidirectional travelling wire electrical discharge processing method, may be reduced while improving speed
The precision of processing, and while improving machining accuracy, processing efficiency will necessarily be reduced, therefore, line of cut of the present invention is
It is while machining accuracy is not influenceed, to be suitable for the materials and parts of big 80 millimeters of cutting thickness, the materials and parts linearity for cutting out is high,
Dimensional accuracy, surface smoothness are good, and cutting speed is improved.
The particular technique situation for using line of cut both at home and abroad is described below：
First, basis brass line of cut:This line of cut is copper zinc bianry alloy, because being limited by zinc in brass content
System, its cutting speed receives restriction, and as zinc in brass content increases, its cutting speed also has small lifting, but
Its lifting speed is limited, because the difficulty of processing of the content of zinc material higher can be about big.This line of cut is typically showed
Domestic domestic consumer used, but if removing the materials and parts of big 80 millimeters of cutting thickness using this line of cut, its processing essence
Degree, surface quality can be restricted, and also often break, and increase the difficulty of operative.
2nd, zinc-plated line of cut：Core is basis brass, and one layer of zinc is plated in outside, because gasification of the zinc in cutting process is made
With the electric discharge of this line of cut can be more stable, and cutting surfaces can be slided than basis brass mercerising.The manufacture of comparative maturity in the world
Country is mainly distributed on Europe, and the country also has indivedual producers can to produce at present, but this line of cut is normal in use
The problem seen is dusting problems, and domestic and international manufacturer equally faces.Because the reason for dry linting, backman during cutting can be extended
The sequence time, processing efficiency is reduced, while this common zinc-plated line of cut falls zinc powder in the materials and parts of big 80 millimeters of cutting thickness
Situation more very, substantially increase the labour intensity of operating personnel.
3rd, velocity profile coating line of cut：Core is basis brass, and coating is ormolu, and thickness is than common zinc-plated cutting
The coating of line will thickness.The speed of this coating line of cut is faster than the cutting speed of common zinc-plated line of cut, is adapted to
In efficient processing, because this line of cut core is basis brass, tensile strength can form and position tolerance be than relatively low, during cutting
It is easily guaranteed that.
4th, β types line of cut：Research finds that the line of cut that there is uniform craterlet (crackle) on surface can improve putting for line of cut
Electric effect, arises at the historic moment, and just generates the line of cut of this surface porosity.Diffusion annealing type line of cut core is oxygen-free copper
Or brass alloys, and by diffusion annealing in one layer of ormolu of outer layer bag, the ratio of wherein copper and zinc is close to 1：1, by
It is oxygen-free copper or brass alloys in core, top layer is the loose structure formed using diffusion annealing, its line of cut material surface
Be organized as β phases, therefore the usual call of this line of cut is β type lines of cut, it is well known that under normal temperature, the Zn content of β phases is less than
50%.The coating metal of this line of cut is β phase constitutions, and β phases are brittlement phases, therefore the toughness of this cutting line of cut is poor,
In the materials and parts of big 80 millimeters of cutting thickness, motionless or broken string is usually cut.
5th, γ types line of cut：Research finds that textura epidermoidea is the line of cut of γ phases, and surface cutting accuracy can be higher, because
60% or so, this usual call of line of cut is γ type lines of cut to the Zn content of γ phases, and this structure is in line of cut Zn content
Compare many, during spark discharge be spaced can it is smaller, it is microcosmic on, the pit-hole of galvano-cautery can be smaller, is reacted to macroscopically, this silk
Cutting finish can be higher.On the other hand, because Zn content is higher in γ phases, and the galvano-cautery speed of zinc can compare
Hurry up, zinc can rapidly be consumed in cutting process, equally, this line of cut in the materials and parts of big 80 millimeters of cutting thickness, usually
Cut motionless or broken string.
6th, it is combined facies pattern line of cut：β phases and γ phases are contained in this line of cut surface simultaneously, therefore are called compound facies pattern and cut
The advantage of secant, this line of cut combination β types line of cut and γ type line of cut lines of cut, makes cutting speed and cutting accuracy simultaneously
It is improved, only a few industrially developed country can produce this line of cut in the world now, because to give birth to simultaneously
Produce the mixture of β phases and γ phases, therefore its manufacturing cost can be higher, present this line of cut because the reason for use cost,
Almost no producer uses.
The content of the invention
A kind of above-mentioned deficiency of the present invention for prior art, there is provided low cost of manufacture, is suitable for big 80 milli of cutting thickness
The line of cut of rice materials and parts, and the unidirectional wire line of cut of low magnesia that cutting efficiency and cutting accuracy will not be reduced.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of unidirectional wire cutting of low magnesia
Line, the line of cut includes that core and the coating metal layer being coated on outside core are constituted, and described core alloy composition is：Copper 75-
85wt%, magnesium 0.0005-0.50wt%, boron 0.0005-0.03wt%, rare earth 0.0005-0.02wt%, other elements 0.05-
1.0wt%, other described elements are at least two in titanium, iron, silicon, nickel, manganese, aluminium, tin, phosphorus, and inevitable impurity is small
In 0.5wt%, remaining is zinc；The alloy of described top layer complex metal layer is constituted：Copper 35-45wt%, oxygen 0.0005-
3.0wt%, magnesium 0.0002-0.25wt%, rare earth 0.0005-0.01wt%, and inevitably impurity is less than 0.5%wt,
Remaining is zinc.
Low magnesia unidirectional wire line of cut preferred scheme one of the invention, the alloy of described core constitutes and is：Copper 75-
80wt%, magnesium 0.0005-0.01wt%, boron 0.0005-0.01wt%, rare earth 0.0005-0.02wt%, other elements 0.05-
0.5wt%, less than 99.5wt%, wherein Zn content is more than 19.5wt% to described copper, zinc, magnesium, the content sum of boron；Described
The alloy of top layer complex metal layer is constituted：Copper 40-45wt%, oxygen 0.0005-1.0wt%, magnesium 0.0002-0.008wt% are dilute
Soil：0.0005-0.01wt%, remaining is zinc.
The preferred scheme two of the unidirectional wire line of cut of low magnesia of the invention, the alloy of the core constitutes and is：Copper 80-
85wt%, magnesium 0.005-0.50wt%, boron 0.005-0.03wt%, rare earth 0.0005-0.02wt%, other elements 0.05-
0.5wt%, less than 99.5wt%, wherein Zn content is more than 14.5wt% to described copper, zinc, magnesium, the content sum of boron；Described
The alloy of top layer complex metal layer is constituted：Copper 35-40wt%, oxygen 0.01-3.0wt%, magnesium 0.0005-0.25wt%, rare earth
0.0005-0.01wt%, remaining is zinc.
The thickness of the coating metal layer of the unidirectional wire line of cut of low magnesia of the invention is more than line of cut final diameter
5% is less than 23%.
Total conductance of the unidirectional wire line of cut of low magnesia of the invention is more than 25.5%IACS to 37.5%IACS.
The present invention also provides a kind of manufacture method of the above-mentioned low unidirectional wire line of cut of magnesia, specially：Using alloy
The melting technique of change, the up-drawing method continuously casting technology casting at a temperature of 980-1250 degrees Celsius by the various raw materials of formula rate
Generation brass base bar is made, core is produced by plastic working and recrystallization annealing process；On core by electroless plating or
The method of machinery forms original blank (Fig. 2 shows) in one layer of zinc of Surface mulch, is heat-treated in an oxidizing atmosphere, is heat-treated
Air pressure be 0.5-12.5 MPas, oxygen content is 10-90wt%, and heat treatment temperature is 250-450 degrees Celsius；Then 250-450
Degree Celsius insulation 2.0-16.0 hours, then cools to 50 degrees Celsius with the furnace；Produce the coating metal layer of top layer cupric zinc-magnesium oxygen
(Fig. 3 shows)；Composite to being made of aforesaid way carries out continuous annealing processing, produces final unidirectional wire cutting
Line.
Other above-mentioned elements of the present invention, are added with arbitrary proportion each other, as long as ensureing total content in 0.05-1.0wt%
Scope.
The advantages of the present invention：
1. core metal of the invention employs the continuous casting melting and casting technology of alloying, with the addition of micro boron element,
The serial number 5 of the periodic table of elements of boron element, the radius very little of atom, the serial number 30 of the periodic table of elements of zinc, atomic radius
More much larger than boron, during cutting, what is consumed first is coating metal layer, if after coating metal layer consumption, continuing to consume core gold
Category, at this moment the tensile strength of line of cut can decline, mechanical degradation, and cutting just becomes difficult, because with the addition of boron element, boron
The atomic radius of element is small, and when the zinc of core metal is just consumed, boron atom captures rapidly what is left after zinc atom is lost
Room, at this moment just protects core metal to be not continued loss, also ensures that core metallicity is not lowered.
2. core metal of the invention with the addition of micro because employing the continuous up-casting melting and casting technology of alloying
Magnesium elements, it is commonly known that：Magnesium is a kind of extremely active metal of chemical property, is easily chemically reacted at high temperature.This hair
The copper content of bright alloy core material is higher, reaches 75-85wt%, and temperature reaches 980-1250 degrees Celsius, simultaneously as the content of zinc
At most there was only 24.5wt%, content is relatively low, have impact on deoxidation effect, and in melting, the moisture in air is easily dissolved in metal
In solution, vapor is dissolved in the solution, and hydrogen atom and oxygen atom are resolved under high temperature, and oxygen atom and copper occur chemical reaction life
Cupric oxide and cuprous oxide are produced, hydrogen atom easily produces Hydrogen Brittleness Phenomena in being dissolved in copper solution, if not eliminating this phenomenon, system
The mechanical performance for creating core will decline.In order to lower this negative effect, the magnesium metal simple substance (gold of strong reducing property is added
The addition manner for belonging to magnesium can be added in the form of copper magnesium intermediate alloy), magnesium can reach as follows after being dissolved into copper solution
Four beneficial effects：(1) with cupric oxide and cuprous oxide there is redox reaction in magnesium, produce magnesia, and swim in
Solution surface, becomes slag, and this slag can be dragged for, and effectively removal detrimental oxide is mingled with；(2) magnesium simple substance enters copper solution
Afterwards, there is strong burning, produce the combustion heat, local copper water can roll, and the hydrogen atom being dissolved in copper water can gather
Reaction is closed, hydrogen steam is produced, hydrogen steam is the minimum gas of nature Midst density, and hydrogen steam can be discharged with the rolling of copper water,
Reduce the generation of alloy material Hydrogen Brittleness Phenomena；(3) magnesium simple substance is added according to certain ratio, and the anti-of above-mentioned (1,2) occurs
After answering, some magnesium in copper water, magnesium at this moment can be the machine of metallic matrix as a kind of element of refined crystalline strengthening
Tool performance is improved；(4) remaining magnesium can also improve material stability at high temperature, so as to improve the high temperature resistance of line of cut
Broken string performance.
3. the present invention is improved the combination property of line of cut by adding rare earth element.Rare earth metal is excellent
Alterant and refining cleanser, rare earth are not solid-solution in copper, dispersion-strengtherning phase can be formed in copper alloy solution, can purify group
Knit, improve the combination property of line of cut.Meanwhile, the impurity element in rare earth metal meeting and copper alloy solution, such as：Pb、Sb、Bi、
Te forms dystectic metallic compound, makes metallic solution in cooling, is solidly soluted into metallic crystal, the plasticity of raising metal,
Wearability, makes that the metallic compound of grain boundaries is more tiny to be more evenly distributed；On the other hand, metallic rare earth elements are added, can be made
The conductance lifting of metal material, general addition content should be less than 0.025wt%, and low-alloyed mobility can drop in too high content
And increase cost；Another further aspect, core metal due to the addition of rare earth metal, when being heat-treated to coating metal, core
Rare earth metal in metal component is understood some and is retained in coating metal, and the rare earth metal being retained in coating metal layer exists
The ability of coating metal high temperature resistance can be improved during cutting, the ability for making line of cut that high temperature is born in cutting is strengthened, from
And reduce the generation for blowing line.
4. the present invention is because core metal employs refined crystalline strengthening technology, i.e., by the titanium that adds, iron, silicon, nickel, manganese, aluminium,
Tin, phosphorus metallic element, with deoxidation, can both make the purity of core higher, and also crystal grain thinning, makes crystal grain become more tiny, improve material
The mechanical performance of material.The raising of mechanical performance is to ensureing that the form and position tolerance of materials and parts is beneficial.
5. because the copper content of core metal is 75-85wt%, Zn content is 14.5-24.5wt% to the present invention, and titanium,
Iron, silicon, nickel, manganese, aluminium, tin, phosphorus, the content of rare earth are no more than 1.0wt%, and the proportioning of this composition, material cost is relatively low, and material
The mechanical performance of material does not decline again, and production difficulty is smaller, is suitable for industrialized production.
6. because coating metal contains the oxygen of 0.0005-3.0wt%, these oxygen elements form oxidation to the present invention with copper and zinc
Copper, cuprous oxide, the sub- zinc of oxidation, zinc oxide, these metallic compounds have blocked the continuous of coating metal copper zinc, it is ensured that cutting
When interval electric discharge, cooling effect and the chip removal effect when serving electro-discharge machining.The principle of chip removal effect and cooling effect is,
During electric discharge, because the gasification temperature of zinc is low, it is corroded first, and dystectic cupric oxide, cuprous oxide, the sub- zinc of oxidation, oxygen
Change the surface that zinc is but retained in line of cut, it is ensured that line of cut shape invariance, the pit-hole for leaving increased while zinc is corroded
Line of cut surface area, the increase of surface area improves area of dissipation during electric discharge, and what the energy assembled during cutting was easier to dissipates
Go, so, the cutting speed of line of cut will be improved；Because during electric discharge, the shape of line of cut does not change, that is to say, that
The shape of bright tool-electrode does not change, and the form and position tolerance of materials and parts can be improved than other types of line after so cutting.
7. because the content of coating metal layer zinc is more than 50wt%, gasification performance during electric discharge is strengthened, is had the present invention
Help improve surface smoothness during cutting.
8. material of the present invention in an oxidizing atmosphere to covering zinc is heat-treated, and makes material occur not exclusively to tie again
Brilliant and chemical reaction, the selection of incomplete recrystallized temperature is selected according to the height of core copper content, it is ensured that do not reduce material
Comprehensive mechanical performance, because after mechanical performance reduction, the mechanical performance of final products does not reach the performance requirement of line of cut.
9. because being to carry out aerobic heat treatment in an oxidizing atmosphere, oxygen atom can sufficiently enter the present invention at high temperature
To in coating metal, cupric oxide, cuprous oxide, the sub- zinc of oxidation, zinc oxide are formed with body metal, at the same the zinc atom on top layer and
Mutually there is the copper zinc-magnesium oxygen composite bed that electrochemistry reflects and produces top layer in the copper atom of core.This composite bed helps to put
Discharge effect during electric machining.Composite bed metallographic map analysis such as Fig. 4.
10. the magnesium in the present invention in coating metal is formed by：After being heat-treated to coating metal, core alloy
In magnesium understand some and penetrate into coating metal, fact proved, this part magnesium has following function：In discharge cutting,
Coating metal first has to bear high temperature galvanic corrosion, and magnesium is improved the performance of material high temperature resistance, therefore coating metal at high temperature
In magnesium be improved the function of the high temperature resistant galvanic corrosion of coating metal so that reducing wire electrode during cutting blows the general of line
Rate；Meanwhile, the magnesium in coating metal also has part to generate magnesia, and this magnesia also has the cooling and chip removal in above-mentioned (6)
Function.
The processing of 11. end product operations of the invention uses the plastic working and continuous annealing of big working modulus, it is ensured that
The conductance and mechanical performance of line of cut.Metallographic Analysis figure such as Fig. 5 of final finished.
The thickness of 12. top layer copper zinc-magnesium oxygen composite beds of the invention is less than last diameter more than the 5% of last diameter
23%.The thickness of composite bed is too thin, and the lifting of cutting effect is not obvious, and the thickness of composite bed is too thick, under the mechanical performance of material
Drop, so that cutting becomes difficult, easily breaks.
Total conductance of the 13. low unidirectional wire lines of cut of magnesia of the invention is more than 25.5%IACS to 37.5%
IACS.Keeping conductance during cutting thickness workpiece, conductance so high can be added the ability that line of cut bears electric current
By force, voltage stabilization when contributing to discharge, it is ensured that the stability of cutting.
The 14. low unidirectional wire lines of cut of magnesia of the invention are that a kind of mechanical performance is improved, and discharge performance is strengthened
Line of cut, contribute to the materials and parts of big 80 millimeters of cutting thickness, the materials and parts linearity for cutting out is high, dimensional accuracy, surface light
Cleanliness is good, and cutting speed is improved.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view of line of cut of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of present invention heat treatment father's former wife blank 2；
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view of present invention heat treatment stepmother blank 3；
Fig. 4 is female blank material object section metallograph of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the metallographic amplification picture in section in kind of line of cut of the invention 1；
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below by embodiment, but the present invention is not limited solely to following examples.
Heretofore described conductance unit %IACS is the International System of Units.
In the present invention μm is a kind of measurement unit, represents micron.
Mass percent when heretofore described wt% is material mixture ratio, is not percent by volume.
Refined crystalline strengthening technology in the present invention is carried out by way of application Metamorphism treatment, is made by crystal grain thinning
The method that metal material mechanics performance is improved is referred to as refined crystalline strengthening, industrially improves the strength of materials frequently by crystal grain thinning.
The mechanism of the refined crystalline strengthening technology in the present invention is：Generally, the polycrystal that metal is made up of many crystal grain, crystal grain
Size can represent that number is more, and crystal grain is thinner with the number of crystal grain in unit volume.Experiment shows, at normal temperatures
Fine grain metal has excellent mechanical performance than coarse grained metal.Because fine grain metal is plastically deformed by external force
When, external force can decompose and in more crystal grain, at this moment be plastically deformed more uniform, and stress concentration is smaller；Additionally, crystal grain is got over
Carefully, grain boundary area is bigger, and crystal boundary is more tortuous, is more unfavorable for the extension of crackle, so the toughness of material is just improved.Therefore this
Material reinforcement technology is planted refined crystalline strengthening, material is by after refined crystalline strengthening, combination property can be improved.
In order to the manufacture method for proving cutting cable architecture of the invention and line of cut is favourable, by the following examples
To be proved.
Specific melting and processing, stretching etc. are industry routine techniques in the present invention, such as can refer to
The prior arts such as ZL200810163235.7.
Embodiment 1
1st, the line of cut A of a diameter of 0.25mm of line of cut of the present invention is manufactured, core alloy composition is：Copper：84.0wt%,
Magnesium：0.16wt%, boron：0.012wt%, rare earth：0.0012wt%, the content of other elements is 0.5wt%, and other elements are iron
And phosphorus, less than 0.5wt%, remaining is zinc to inevitable impurity content；Described coating metal is：Copper：37.0wt%,
Oxygen：0.01-3.0wt%, magnesium：0.09wt%, rare earth：0.0006wt%, inevitable impurity content is less than 0.5%
Wt, remaining is zinc.
Step 1, raw material use commercially available copper magnesium boron, pick and process by chemical examination, it is qualified after, by core into
The requirement for dividing is matched (wherein boron can be made into intermediate alloy addition), and the material that will be prepared is transported to melting scene and is melted
Refining, at 1050-1250 degrees Celsius, hauling speed is 1.0-3.5 ms/min for smelting temperature control), produce the specification of continuous casting bar
It is diameter 6.0-16.0mm.
Plastic working and recrystallization annealing by above-mentioned continuous casting billet bar by carrying out multi-pass after surface treatment (are industry
Common process, will not be repeated here) be made diameter be the copper content of 1.2mm for 84.0wt% brass wires, then using chemical method
Cladding thickness is 22 μm of zinc layers, forms female blank 2.
Step 2, the material that step 1 makes is heat-treated, the atmosphere of heat treatment is：Oxygen content is 45%, heat treatment
Temperature is 375 DEG C, 5 hours of soaking time, forms female blank 3, is as cold as 50 degrees Celsius with stove and comes out of the stove.
Step 3, the stretching and elimination that carry out big working modulus to the female blank 3 being made in step 2 using even drawing continuous annealing equipment
Stress annealing is (specially：Workpiece under conditions of less than 550 DEG C, anneal apart from 0.5- by 850-1500 ms/min of annealing speed
10 meters, then in annealing liquid, (annealing liquid can also claim to burn stewed oil, and it is a general saying in industry, in the market that stewed oil is burnt in annealing
Can buy, the multidraw DG that such as Germany produces are such；Domestic also to have a lot, such as FX128) in carry out after place
Reason, annealing liquid temperature is 15-100 degree), and carry out batching take-up, the specification of stretching gained finished product is 0.25mm, and experiment measures this
The tensile strength of line of cut is 755N/mm2；
1st, cutting contrast is carried out with any one basis brass line of cut I on the market to line of cut A；
2nd, experiment using unidirectional wire cutting machine for Mitsubishi manufacture FA10SADVANCE2009 machines；
3rd, experimental condition is as follows：The workpiece size for testing cutting is 84.0*4.5*4.5 (0.5*3 grooves)；Workpiece material：
SKD11；Device parameter：NM；Processing number of times：One repaiies three；Cooked mode：Soaking type；The tension parameterses of equipment are adjusted to suitable
700N/mm2Line of cut；Nozzle is pressed against on workpiece.The cutting effect of two types line of cut is recorded, it is as shown in table 1 below：
Table 1 implements the cutting effect of 1 two kinds of line of cut
| Line of cut classification | Processing total time | First knife speed | First knife time | Workpiece roughness | Linearity (μm) |
| Reference line I | 38.46 points | 1.0-1.5mm/min | 22.90 points | Ra=0.808 | 4 |
| Line of cut A | 30.52 points | 1.3-1.8mm/min | 17.90 points | Ra=0.842 | 3 |
Note：This table cathetus degree is 85 short transverse upper, middle and lower, and the maximum value of three sizes is poor.
4th, as it can be seen from table 1 in the case where workpiece surface roughness is declined slightly, fact proved：This roughness
Reduce and can bring the comprehensive of user's comprehensive benefit completely offsetting cutting efficiency lifting and rise.To cut total time calculating, this reality
The cutting gross efficiency for applying the line of cut of example preparation improves 26.01%, and the first knife cutting speed improves 27.93%, and linearity
It is improved, cutting efficiency is lifted at more than 25%, with wide market popularization value.
Embodiment 2
The line of cut B of the manufacture a diameter of 0.25mm of line of cut of the present invention, is characterized as：Copper：81.0wt%, magnesium：
0.008wt%, boron：0.009wt%, rare earth：0.0017wt%, the content of other elements is 0.5wt%, other elements be iron and
Phosphorus, inevitable impurity content is less than 0.5wt%, and remaining is zinc；Described coating metal is：Copper：39.0wt%,
Oxygen：0.01-3.0wt%, magnesium：0.004wt%, rare earth：0.0008wt%, inevitable impurity content is less than 0.5%
Wt, remaining is zinc.
Step 1, raw material use commercially available copper magnesium boron, pick and process by chemical examination chemical examination chemical examination, it is qualified after,
Matched (wherein boron can be made into intermediate alloy and add) by the requirement of core composition, the material that will be prepared is transported to melting scene
Melting is carried out, at 1050-1250 degrees Celsius, hauling speed is 1.0-3.5 ms/min for smelting temperature control), produce continuous casting bar
Specification be diameter 6.0-16.0mm.
Plastic working and recrystallization annealing by above-mentioned continuous casting billet bar by carrying out multi-pass after surface treatment are made diameter
It is that the copper content of 1.05mm is 81.0wt% brass wires, it is 25 μm of zinc layers then to use chemical method cladding thickness, forms female base
Material 2.
Step 2, the material that step 1 makes is heat-treated, the atmosphere of heat treatment is：Oxygen content is 33%, heat treatment
Temperature is 390 DEG C, 12 hours of soaking time, forms female blank 3, is as cold as 50 degrees Celsius with stove and comes out of the stove.
Step 3, the stretching and elimination that carry out big working modulus to the female blank 3 being made in step 2 using even drawing continuous annealing equipment
Stress annealing (under conditions of less than 550 DEG C, anneal apart from 0.5-10 meters, so workpiece by 850-1500 ms/min of annealing speed
After annealing liquid, (annealing liquid can also claim to burn stewed oil, and it is a general saying in industry that stewed oil is burnt in annealing, and in the market can buy
Arrive, the multidraw DG that such as Germany produces are such；Domestic also to have a lot, such as FX128) in post-processed, move back
Fiery liquid temperature degree is 15-100 degree), and carry out batching take-up, the specification of stretching gained finished product is 0.25mm, and experiment measures this cutting
The tensile strength of line is 785N/mm2；
1st, cutting contrast is carried out with gamma type line of cut II any on the market to line of cut B；
2nd, experiment using unidirectional wire cutting machine for Mitsubishi manufacture FA10SADVANCE2009 machines；
3rd, experimental condition is as follows：The workpiece size for testing cutting is 84.0*4.5*4.5 (0.5*3 grooves)；Workpiece material：
SKD11；Device parameter：NM；Processing number of times：One repaiies three；Cooked mode：Soaking type；The tension parameterses of equipment are adjusted to suitable
700N/mm2Line of cut；Nozzle is pressed against on workpiece.The cutting effect of two types line of cut is recorded, it is as shown in table 2 below：
The cutting effect of the two kinds of line of cut of 2 embodiment of table 2
| Line of cut classification | Processing total time | First knife speed | First knife time | Workpiece roughness | Linearity (μm) |
| Reference line II | 32.83 points | 1.1-1.6mm/min | 19.72 points | Ra=0.848 | 4 |
| Line of cut B | 30.72 points | 1.3-1.8mm/min | 17.80 points | Ra=0.838 | 3 |
Note：This table cathetus degree is 85 short transverse upper, middle and lower, and the maximum value of three sizes is poor.
4th, from table 2 it can be seen that in the case where workpiece surface roughness is essentially identical, to cut total time calculating, cutting
Improved efficiency 6.86%, the first knife speed lifting 10.79%, and linearity is cut to improve.
Embodiment 3
1st, the line of cut C of a diameter of 0.25mm of line of cut of the present invention is manufactured, is characterized as：Copper：79.0wt%, magnesium：
0.008wt%, boron：0.008wt%, rare earth:0.01wt%, the content of other elements is 0.5wt%, other elements be iron and
Phosphorus, inevitable impurity content is less than 0.5wt%, and remaining is zinc；Described coating metal is：Copper：43.0wt%,
Oxygen：0.0005-1.0wt%, magnesium：0.004wt%, rare earth：0.005wt%, inevitable impurity content is less than 0.5%
Wt, remaining is zinc.
Step 1, raw material use commercially available copper magnesium boron, pick and process by chemical examination chemical examination chemical examination, it is qualified after,
Matched (wherein boron can be made into intermediate alloy and add) by the requirement of core composition, the material that will be prepared is transported to melting scene
Melting is carried out, at 980-1150 degrees Celsius, hauling speed is 1.0-3.5 ms/min for smelting temperature control), produce continuous casting bar
Specification be diameter 6.0-16.0mm.
Plastic working and recrystallization annealing by above-mentioned continuous casting billet bar by carrying out multi-pass after surface treatment are made diameter
It is that the copper content of 0.95mm is 79.0wt% brass wires, it is 30 μm of zinc layers then to use chemical method cladding thickness, produces mother
Blank 2.
Step 2, the material for being made step 1 (female blank 2) plastic working to specification are the wire rod of 0.5mm；
Step 3, the wire rod that step 2 makes is heat-treated, the atmosphere of heat treatment is：Oxygen content is between 15-30%
Selection, heat treatment temperature is 405 DEG C, 9 hours of soaking time, produces female blank 3, and being as cold as 50 degrees Celsius with stove comes out of the stove, raw.
Step 4, the stretching and elimination that carry out big working modulus to the female blank 3 being made in step 2 using even drawing continuous annealing equipment
Stress annealing (under conditions of less than 550 DEG C, anneal apart from 0.5-10 meters, so workpiece by 850-1500 ms/min of annealing speed
After annealing liquid, (annealing liquid can also claim to burn stewed oil, and it is a general saying in industry that stewed oil is burnt in annealing, and in the market can buy
Arrive, the multidraw DG that such as Germany produces are such；Domestic also to have a lot, such as FX128) in post-processed, move back
Fiery liquid temperature degree is 15-100 degree), and carry out batching take-up, the specification of stretching gained finished product is 0.25mm, and experiment measures this cutting
The tensile strength of line is 815N/mm2；
1st, cutting contrast is carried out with compound line of cut III any on the market to line of cut C；
2nd, experiment using unidirectional wire cutting machine for Mitsubishi manufacture FA10SADVANCE2009 machines；
3rd, experimental condition is as follows：The workpiece size for testing cutting is 84.0*4.5*4.5 (0.5*3 grooves)；Workpiece material：
SKD11；Device parameter：NM；Processing number of times：One repaiies three；Cooked mode：Soaking type；The tension parameterses of equipment are adjusted to suitable
700N/mm2Line of cut；Nozzle is pressed against on workpiece.The cutting effect of two types line of cut is recorded, it is as shown in table 3 below：
The cutting effect of the two kinds of line of cut of 3 embodiment of table 3
| Line of cut classification | Processing total time | First knife speed | First knife time | Workpiece roughness | Linearity (μm) |
| Reference line III | 31.40 points | 1.1-1.6mm/min | 18.35 points | Ra=0.850 | 4 |
| Line of cut C | 30.45 points | 1.3-1.8mm/min | 17.70 points | Ra=0.844 | 3 |
Note：This table cathetus degree is 85 short transverse upper, middle and lower, and the maximum value of three sizes is poor.
4th, from table 3 it can be seen that in the case where workpiece surface roughness has lifting, to cut total time calculating, cutting
Improved efficiency 3.11%, the first knife speed lifting 3.67%, speed lifting is not very high and linearity slightly has lifting, furthermore
The processing of line of cut C is easier, and cost has some superiority, is relatively more suitable for industrialized production.
Embodiment 4
The line of cut D of the manufacture a diameter of 0.25mm of line of cut of the present invention, is characterized as：Copper：77.0wt%, magnesium：
0.005wt%, boron：0.001wt%, rare earth:0.008wt%, the content of other elements is 0.5wt%, other elements be iron and
Phosphorus, inevitable impurity content is less than 0.5wt%, and remaining is zinc；Described coating metal is：Copper：41.0wt%,
Oxygen：0.0005-1.0wt%, magnesium：0.0025wt%, rare earth:0.004wt%, inevitable impurity content is less than
0.5%wt, remaining is zinc.
Step 1, raw material use commercially available copper magnesium boron, pick and process by chemical examination chemical examination chemical examination, it is qualified after,
Matched (wherein boron can be made into intermediate alloy and add) by the requirement of core composition, the material that will be prepared is transported to melting scene
Melting is carried out, at 980-1150 degrees Celsius, hauling speed is 1.0-3.5 ms/min for smelting temperature control), produce continuous casting bar
Specification be diameter 6.0-16.0mm.
Plastic working and recrystallization annealing by above-mentioned continuous casting billet bar by carrying out multi-pass after surface treatment are made diameter
It is that the copper content of 0.95mm is 77.0wt% brass wires, it is 33 μm of zinc layers then to use chemical method cladding thickness, produces mother
Blank 2.
Step 2, the material for being made step 1 (female blank 2) plastic working to specification are the wire rod of 0.65mm；
Step 3, the wire rod that step 2 makes is heat-treated, the atmosphere of heat treatment is：Oxygen content is between 15-30%
Selection, heat treatment temperature is 405 DEG C, 9 hours of soaking time, the female blank 3 of generation, is as cold as 50 degrees Celsius with stove and comes out of the stove.
Step 4, the stretching and elimination that carry out big working modulus to the female blank 3 being made in step 2 using even drawing continuous annealing equipment
Stress annealing (under conditions of less than 550 DEG C, anneal apart from 0.5-10 meters, so workpiece by 850-1500 ms/min of annealing speed
After annealing liquid, (annealing liquid can also claim to burn stewed oil, and it is a general saying in industry that stewed oil is burnt in annealing, and in the market can buy
Arrive, the multidraw DG that such as Germany produces are such；Domestic also to have a lot, such as FX128) in post-processed, move back
Fiery liquid temperature degree is 15-100 degree), and carry out batching take-up, the specification of stretching gained finished product is 0.25mm, and experiment measures this cutting
The tensile strength of line is 815N/mm2；
1st, cutting contrast is carried out with any common zinc-plated line of cut IV on the market to line of cut D；
2nd, experiment using unidirectional wire cutting machine for Mitsubishi manufacture FA10SADVANCE2009 machines；
3rd, experimental condition is as follows：The workpiece size for testing cutting is 84.0*4.5*4.5 (0.5*3 grooves)；Workpiece material：
SKD11；Device parameter：NM；Processing number of times：One repaiies three；Cooked mode：Soaking type；The tension parameterses of equipment are adjusted to suitable
The line of cut of 700N/mm2；Nozzle is pressed against on workpiece.The cutting effect of two types line of cut is recorded, it is as shown in table 4 below：
The cutting effect of the two kinds of line of cut of 4 embodiment of table 4
| Line of cut classification | Processing total time | First knife speed | First knife time | Workpiece roughness | Linearity (μm) |
| Reference line IV | 34.17 points | 1.0-1.5mm/min | 21.53 points | Ra=0.828 | 3 |
| Line of cut D | 29.45 points | 1.3-1.8mm/min | 17.60 points | Ra=0.842 | 3 |
Note：This table cathetus degree is 85 short transverse upper, middle and lower, and the maximum value of three sizes is poor.
4th, from table 4, it can be seen that in the case where workpiece surface roughness is declined slightly, fact proved under this roughness
The amplitude of drop does not influence finally to cut the use of materials and parts, moreover common galvanized wire falls zinc when the workpiece of more than 80mm thickness is cut
The phenomenon of powder is more serious, furthermore to cut total time calculating, cutting efficiency improves 16.02%, the lifting of the first knife speed
22.33%, linearity is identical, and in the case where manufacturing cost is essentially identical, cutting gross efficiency is lifted at more than 15%, makes final
The use cost reduction of client is obvious.
The present invention will be described for above-described embodiment, rather than limiting the invention, in spirit of the invention and power
In the protection domain of sharp claim, to any modifications and changes of the invention, protection scope of the present invention is fallen within.
Claims (6)
1. the unidirectional wire line of cut of a kind of low magnesia, it is characterised in that：The line of cut includes core and top layer complex metal layer,
The alloy of core is constituted：Copper 75-85wt%, magnesium 0.0005-0.50wt%, boron 0.0005-0.03wt%, rare earth 0.0005-
0.02wt%, other elements：0.05-1.0wt%, described other elements in titanium, iron, silicon, nickel, manganese, aluminium, tin, phosphorus extremely
Few two kinds, inevitable impurity is less than 0.5wt%, and remaining is zinc；The alloy of described top layer complex metal layer is constituted：Copper
35-45wt%, oxygen 0.0005-3.0wt%, magnesium 0.0002-0.25wt%, rare earth 0.0005-0.01wt% are inevitably miscellaneous
Matter is less than 0.5%wt, and remaining is zinc.
2. the unidirectional wire line of cut of low magnesia according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The alloy composition of described core
For：Copper 75-80wt%, magnesium 0.0005-0.01wt%, boron 0.0005-0.01wt%, rare earth 0.0005-0.02wt%, other units
Plain 0.05-0.5wt%, less than 99.5wt%, wherein Zn content is more than described copper, zinc, magnesium, the content sum of boron
19.5wt%；The alloy of described top layer complex metal layer is constituted：Copper 40-45wt%, oxygen 0.0005-1.0wt%, magnesium
0.0002-0.008wt%, rare earth：0.0005-0.01wt%, remaining is zinc.
3. the unidirectional wire line of cut of low magnesia according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The alloy of the core is constituted：
Copper 80-85wt%, magnesium 0.005-0.50wt%, boron 0.005-0.03wt%, rare earth 0.0005-0.02wt%, other elements
0.05-0.5wt%, less than 99.5wt%, wherein Zn content is more than 14.5wt% to described copper, zinc, magnesium, the content sum of boron；
The alloy of described top layer complex metal layer is constituted：Copper 35-40wt%, oxygen 0.01-3.0wt%, magnesium 0.0005-
0.25wt%, rare earth 0.0005-0.01wt%, remaining is zinc.
4. the unidirectional wire line of cut of low magnesia according to claim 1-3 any claims, it is characterised in that：This is cut
The thickness of the top layer complex metal layer of secant is less than 23.0% more than the 5.0% of line of cut final diameter.
5. the unidirectional wire line of cut of low magnesia according to claim 1-3 any claims, it is characterised in that：This is cut
Total conductance of secant is more than 25.5%IACS to 37.5%IACS.
6. the manufacture method of the unidirectional wire line of cut of a kind of low magnesia, it is characterised in that：Using alloying continuous casting melting and casting
Each raw material of formula rate is continuously cast into brass base bar at a temperature of 980-1250 degrees Celsius, by plastic working and again
Recrystallization annealing temperature produces core；By the method for electroless plating or machinery in one layer of zinc of Surface mulch on core, in oxidisability
It is heat-treated under atmosphere, the air pressure of heat treatment is 0.5-12.5 MPas, and oxygen content is 10-90wt%, and heat treatment temperature is
250-450 degrees Celsius；Then 250-450 degrees Celsius is incubated 2.0-16.0 hours, then cools to 50 degrees Celsius with the furnace；Produce material
The incomplete recrystallized annealing of life and chemical reaction, produce the top layer complex metal layer of top layer cupric zinc-magnesium oxygen；To using above-mentioned
The composite that mode is made carries out continuous annealing processing, produces unidirectional wire line of cut.
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| CN105537704A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-05-04 | 天津中澳星环保科技发展有限公司 | Preparation method for environment-friendly electrical discharge machining fluid |
| CN105397217A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-03-16 | 天津中澳星环保科技发展有限公司 | Electric spark working fluid for reciprocating feeding type wire cut electrical discharge machining tool |
| CN105834533B (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2017-12-01 | 宁波博德高科股份有限公司 | Wire electrode for slow wire feeding spark cutting |
| CN107365920B (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2019-04-23 | 宁波博德高科股份有限公司 | It is a kind of for manufacturing the high zinc-aluminium manganese iron-copper of unidirectional wire wire electrode |
| CN107354507B (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2019-07-19 | 江苏裕铭铜业有限公司 | A kind of monocrystalline conductive copper rod up-leading continuous metal cast process production technology |
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